Old Rehse

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Old Rehse
City of Penzlin
Coat of arms of Alt Rehse
Coordinates: 53 ° 30 ′ 0 ″  N , 13 ° 10 ′ 0 ″  E
Height : 60 m above sea level NN
Area : 9.11 km²
Residents : 362  (Dec 31, 2007)
Population density : 40 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : July 1, 2008
Postal code : 17217
Area code : 03962
Typical half-timbered houses of the village

Alt Rehse is a village and district of the city of Penzlin on the western bank of the Tollensesees in the Mecklenburg Lake District in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Germany). As a rare example of village architecture during National Socialism, the village ensemble is architecturally and historically unique in Germany.

geography

View over the Tollensesee to Alt Rehse

The district borders on the municipalities of Kuckssee , Wulkenzin , Hohenzieritz , the city of Penzlin and the district town of Neubrandenburg .

history

Village church in Alt Rehse

The place is of Slavic origin, the medieval Redarians and Tollensians from the Wilzen tribal association , who were later united in the Liutizenbund , lived here after the Germanic inhabitants had left during the migration . The name “Rehse” could be derived from the Old Slavonic language and mean “place on the water”.

Alt Rehse is mentioned for the first time in 1182 in a confirmation document from Pomeranian Duke Bogislaw I for possessions of the Broda monastery as "reze". Whether a place, which was mentioned as "michnin" (1170), "Michninow" (1244) or "Michnino" (1328) in partly forged documents, was Alt Rehse or another village is not known detectable with sufficient certainty. State historical research has long assumed that there is no settlement continuity between the two places.

Alt Rehse initially belonged to the Premonstratensian monastery Broda before 22 different owners owned the village on the Tollensesee . Worth mentioning are:

  • (Georg) Ferdinand (Heinrich) von Maltzan, Baron of Wartenberg and Penzlin (1778–1868), Hereditary Land Marshal of the Principality of Wenden , who on October 18, 1816 was the first in Mecklenburg to announce the abolition of serfdom on his estates ,
  • Carl (Otto Ferdinand) Mercker (1816–1893), who developed a great interest in archeology and geology and dug up Slavic pile-setting near Wustrow and interpreted it as a "bridge to Rethra"
  • Ludwig Freiherr von Hauff, who bought the estate in 1897, built a new castle and converted the estate park into a landscape park.

In 1934, the estate and the park were expropriated to the Hartmannbund , who, at the request of the Reichsärzteführung, had the German Medical Association built and took possession of the estate. The old village was demolished except for the church, the school and the parsonage as well as a cottage , which later became the village inn, and 22 half-timbered houses with reed roofs with a low German appearance were built in the period that followed, up to 1939, with the year of construction after the Nazis came to power in the door bar and each bore the name of a German Gau . Teaching continued until January 1943, while the estate produced for the driving school and the Reich Chancellery.

In 1945 the Red Army evacuated the population and used the site until October 1947. In the search for written documents, books were confiscated in the village, and the church registers also disappeared.

Children's village in Alt Rehse in 1948

In the course of the land reform in 1948, the "Children's Village Alt Rehse", founded as a home for orphans from the former German East, moved into the Alt Rehse Castle and Park. 1952 moved into a teacher training institute, the palace and park complex, which in 1955 then briefly from the GDR - Ministry of State Security adopted and in 1958 to the National People's Army was passed.

The old manor from 1862 in neo-Gothic style had a neoclassical facade in 1939. This was destroyed in the 1960s, but is to be restored.

Initially, the facility was used by the NVA leadership for recreational purposes. The area was fenced off and guarded by a gate post. In the 1970s, even civilians were able to enter the property unmolested. From the beginning of the 1980s, the security measures were tightened and the property for the construction of semi-underground structures was extended to a paddock adjacent to the south. From 1978 to 1982 bunker systems were built by the NVA, which were to be used as the command post of the military district V (Neubrandenburg) of the NVA's land forces.

In 1990 the Bundeswehr moved into the park and bunker area as legal successor to the NVA, but left it in 1998. The Federal Administration Office found a buyer for the 65 hectare property, who initially passed it on to the Wallner brothers.

In the period from 1990 to 2003 the Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians made restitution claims on the village and park. Only after considerable protests and legal proceedings did she waive these claims in May 2003.

With a group of people from all over Germany, the “ Tollense Lebenspark ” project was founded as a community on the site . In this context, the buildings that had not been used since 1998 were gradually put back into operation as a conference center. (Stand 2013)

The focus of the community was self-sufficiency and economy for the common good, as well as unconditional basic income according to the Munich model , the latter was until now only theory. On January 26, 2014, the foreclosure auction and the rescission of the purchase contract ended for the remaining residents. At the moment an investor from Bavaria is trying to breathe new life into the park by the lake with the help of a group of former community members .

Alt Rehse took part in the national competition "Our village should be more beautiful" as a multiple district and state winner and in 1995 won a bronze medal.

After its incorporation, Alt Rehse and the associated village of Wustrow have been part of the city of Penzlin since July 1, 2008. The last mayor was Martin Aug.

Culture

The village has the Linde cinema a small cinemas of the mobile cinema film club Güstrow.

politics

From 1994 to 2001 the veterinarian, local researcher and writer Wolfgang Köpp was mayor of Alt Rehse.

coat of arms

The coat of arms was approved by the Ministry of the Interior on April 1, 1997 and registered under the number 122 of the coat of arms of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.

Blazon : “Above a blue corrugated shield, inside a silver fish, split; in front in gold a red gable front of a half-timbered house with two windows; in the back three (1: 2) golden linden leaves in red. "

The coat of arms was designed by Alt Rehsern Wolfgang Köpp and Christiane Junghans .

Economy and Infrastructure

economy

Alt Rehse is a popular destination for the account of the scenic location on Tollensesee tourism .

Infrastructure

Ship of the line Rethra on the Tollensesee

The community is connected to Neubrandenburg and the Nonnenhof nature reserve with the Rethra liner of the Neubrandenburger Stadtwerke from May to September .

Furthermore, Alt Rehse is connected to the MVVG network with line 21 to Penzlin and 529 to Neubrandenburg .

literature

  • Wolfgang Köpp : Alt Rehse. Look at this village. 2nd, revised and expanded edition. M. Gust, Blankensee 1999, ISBN 3-934741-02-9 .
  • Ronald Lemm: Alt Rehse. "Leadership School of the German Medical Association". Norderstedt 2011, ISBN 978-3-8423-4118-0 .
  • Thomas Maibaum: The leadership school of the German medical profession Alt-Rehse. Hamburg 2007 (Hamburg, University, medical dissertation, 2007).
  • Anja Peters: The spirit of Alt Rehse. The midwifery courses at the Reichsärzteführer school 1935–1941 (=  Mabuse-Verlag Wissenschaft. Vol. 88). Mabuse-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2005, ISBN 3-935964-90-0 (also: Neubrandenburg, University of Applied Sciences, diploma thesis, 2003).
  • Stephan Porombka ; Hilmar Schmundt [Ed.]: Bad places. Sites of National Socialist self-expression - today. Claasen, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-546-00380-2 .
  • Rainer Stommer [Ed.]: Medicine in the service of racial ideology. The "Leadership School of the German Medical Association". In: Alt Rehse. Links, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-86153-477-8 .
  • Jörg Zapnik: The leadership school of the German medical profession in Alt Rehse. In: Contemporary history regional. Issue 2, 1999, ISSN  1434-1794 , pp. 47-50.

Web links

Commons : Alt Rehse  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Paul Kühnel: The Slavic place names in Meklenburg. In: Yearbooks of the Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology. Vol. 46, 1881, ISSN  0259-7772 , pp. 3-168, here p. 117.
  2. ↑ Ulrike Henning: Criminals in white coats. The ideological foundations of Nazi eugenics were taught in Alt Rehse. In: Neues Deutschland from 10./11. December 2016, p. 25.
  3. ↑ Norbert Jachertz, Thomas Gerst: culture of remembrance: learning place Alt Rehse. In: Deutsches Ärzteblatt . Vol. 107, 2010, pp. 1088-1089.
  4. ↑ StBA Area: changes from 01.01. until December 31, 2008
  5. ↑ MVVG: MVVG - Timetable Line 21. Accessed on September 24, 2018 .
  6. ↑ MVVG: MVVG timetable line 529. Accessed on September 24, 2018 .