Broda Monastery

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Panorama monastery hill with tenant house and outbuildings

The monastery Broda was a canons pin of the Premonstratensians in the local situation of the former village Broda at the northwest end of the Tollense .

place

The roots of the village Broda be at least at the time of the Slavic settlement, his name Broda (or bread ) is derived from the Altpolabischen language and means ferry or ford . Today Broda is a district of Neubrandenburg (city area west).

history

The monastery was founded on August 18, 1170 during the restoration of the Havelberg cathedral monastery , by Duke Casimir von Pomerania , in thanks for the riches and honors with which the grace of God had showered him in front of many other mortals, with the consent of his brother Bugeslav . Kasimir equipped the monastery with 33 villages, which also included areas where the cities of Neustrelitz , Burg Stargard , Neubrandenburg and Penzlin are today . The political and economic sphere of influence of the monastery encompassed a considerable area and reached from the southeastern border area between Mecklenburg and the Kurmark to the Müritz .

The main task of the Broda Monastery was the Christianization of the subjugated Redarians and at the same time securing the border to neighboring Mecklenburg. According to the latest findings, however, it is assumed that the actual start of construction on the Broda monastery could hardly have occurred before 1240.

Casimir, who in the years 1178-1180 at the behest of Henry the Lion campaigns in the Lausitz and the country Jüterbog had made fell in battle against Otto I of Brandenburg and left no heirs. Almost the entire area of ​​the monastery came under Brandenburg rule and the Penzlin area fell under the rule of Werle . In 1293 the monastery was subordinated to the monastery of Our Dear Women in Magdeburg.

In the middle of the 13th century, the monastery only had a fraction of its former area. Only a foundation by the Princes of Werle saved the monastery from complete insignificance after the properties had been desolate for a long time due to the effects of the war. In 1271, as a compensation for the city of Neubrandenburg, which was founded on the land of the monastery in 1248, the monastery received several rights , such as the right of patronage over the city ​​parish church and two stream mills, whose names have not been passed down. However, many of the early Broda monastery documents did not withstand critical analyzes and have been proven to be forgeries or modifications from later times.

A conflict of interest existed with Neubrandenburg because of the fishing on the Tollensesee. The disputes did not end until 1498, when the lake and fishing rights finally passed into municipal property. Nevertheless, the border between the Brodaer Feldmark and the city of Neubrandenburg continued to give rise to multiple disputes.

Preserved medieval vaulted cellar of the former monastery wing

In the course of the Reformation , the monastery was secularized in 1551 , and the extensive property became the property of the Mecklenburg dukes. Broda itself was converted into a ducal administrative office, which existed until the threshold of the 19th century and was only dissolved as a regional body through the administrative reforms of Duke Charles II . In the following years, the lands were cultivated as domanial leases.

State (today)

The last medieval remains of the monastery were removed in the 18th century when a new office building was built in the central area of ​​the former monastery grounds in half-timbered construction, which was later converted into a tenant house. It was not until the 1970s that the southwestern rift system was filled in and leveled. Since then there are no more traces of the old Broda monastery that are visible above ground. However, medieval vaulted cellars of the monastery have been preserved under the now renovated tenant house, which can be visited by appointment.

Floor plans or pictorial representations of the Broda monastery are not known, the dimensions of the complex have so far hardly been researched archaeologically. However, a number of Broda monastery documents have survived and are now kept in the Schwerin State Archives . Franz Boll made extensive copies of it in the 19th century (today in the regional museum in Neubrandenburg ). The Broda archives are among the oldest and most historically valuable documents from southeast Mecklenburg.

literature

  • Georg Christian Friedrich Lisch : The foundation of the Broda monastery and the land of the Rhedarians . In: Yearbooks of the Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology . Vol. 3 (1838), pp. 1–33 ( digitized version / full text )
  • Georg Christian Friedrich Lisch: The Dom-Collegiat-Stift zu Broda . In: Yearbooks of the Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology . Vol. 8 (1843), pp 223-224 ( Digitalisat / Full Text )
  • The land of Stargard . In: Art and history monuments of the Free State of Mecklenburg-Strelitz . On behalf of the Ministry (Department of Education and Art). I. Volume, III. Department: The district court districts Friedland (2nd half), Stargard and Neubrandenburg - processed by Georg Krüger, Oberkirchenrat zu Neustrelitz. Commission publisher of the Brünslowsche Verlagbuchhandlung (E. Brückner), Neubrandenburg 1929, district court district Neubrandenburg - Kloster Broda, p. 139 ff . ( online [accessed August 12, 2018]).
  • Harry Schulz: The Premonstratensian Monastery Broda . In other words: The Spiritual Foundations of the Land of Stargard . [Series of publications by the Regionalmuseum Neubrandenburg, issue 24]. Neubrandenburg 1993, pp. 40-62

Web links

Commons : Broda Monastery  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Cf. Georg Christian Friedrich Lisch: The St. Marien Church in New Brandenburg . In other words: Meklenburg in pictures . 4 volumes. Schwerin 1842-1845 ( full text  ( page no longer available , search in web archivesInfo: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. )@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.lexicus.de  
  2. Peter Maubach: Neubrandenburg - the way it was . Droste Verlag, Düsseldorf 1997, ISBN 3-7700-1083-3 , p. 85
  3. ^ Sabine Bock : Stately houses on the estates and domains in Mecklenburg-Strelitz. Architecture and history. Volume 1. (= contributions to the history of architecture and monument preservation, 7.1–3). Thomas Helms Verlag Schwerin 2008, ISBN 978-3-935749-05-3 , pp. 96-101.
  4. Inventory record: LHAS 1.5-4 / 1 Broda Monastery. [Ent. Brodaisches document archive (457 pieces), 1182-1619]

Coordinates: 53 ° 33 ′ 3 ″  N , 13 ° 14 ′ 22 ″  E