Malchow (Mecklenburg)

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 53 ° 29 '  N , 12 ° 26'  E
Basic data
State :	Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
County :	Mecklenburg Lake District
Office :	Malchow
Height :	75 m above sea level NHN
Area :	44.61 km 2
Residents:	6569 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	147 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	17213
Area code :	039932
License plate :	MSE, AT, DM, MC, MST, MÜR, NZ, RM, WRN
Community key :	13 0 71 093
City structure:	4 districts
City administration address :	Alter Markt 1 17213 Malchow
Website :	www.inselstadt-malchow.de
Mayor :	René Putzar
Location of the city of Malchow in the Mecklenburg Lake District

Malchow is a small town in the south of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania in the Mecklenburg Lake District (Germany). Since 2005 it bears the title climatic health resort and since 2011 the official name affix "Inselstadt". It is also the administrative seat of the Malchow Office , to which eight other communities belong. It also forms a basic center for its environment .

geography

Geographical location

The city is located on and in Malchower See in the Mecklenburg Lake District , not far from the Müritz .

City structure

Malchow consists of the following districts:

Malchow Beast peat Laschendorf	Lenz-North Suburban settlement Thälmannsiedlung

history

12th century to date

Malchow with the old town island

Malchow

Built on an island in the Malchower See, Malchow was first mentioned in a document in 1147 and received Schwerin town charter on March 14, 1235 from Prince Nikolaus I von Werle . As early as 955 Otto the Great is said to have fought a decisive battle against the Wende here. 1298 Old Malchow site was the convent of Robel . Malchow became a country town in Mecklenburg and until 1918 was represented as part of the towns of the Mecklenburg district on state parliaments.

After the houses on the island burned down twice within just 30 years, the city was expanded to the mainland from 1721. The city was connected to the eastern bank by a wooden bridge until it was destroyed in the Thirty Years War . There was no money for the restoration. There was a ferry service between 1724 and 1846. This was replaced by an earth dam between 1844 and 1846.

The west side was connected to the mainland by a wooden bridge until 1845. Between 1845 and 1863 this was replaced by a lift bridge. In 1863 the inhabitants built a wooden swing bridge . As a result, today's city consists of three parts: the island, the eastern part of the city, characterized by a monastery, the monastery of the noble ladies (1572 to 1923) and the western part. Most of the city is located here today, with Mühlenstrasse and Kirchenstrasse being the oldest streets on the mainland.

During the Nazi era , the Dynamit AG Alfred Nobel & Co built the Malchow ammunition plant . 5,500 people - half of them foreign forced laborers  - produced ammunition and above all nitropenta . In 1943, a satellite camp of the Ravensbrück concentration camp was also built. Hundreds of women, including many Hungarian Jews , had to work under horrific conditions. Many lost their lives. Many died on the death march after the camp was cleared in 1945. The 375 dead were buried on the camp grounds. Today's Ernst-Thälmann-Siedlung, which was built for the executive employees of the plant, has been preserved and inhabited.

In May 1945, the Soviet local command was established in Villa Gartenstrasse 19. At the turn of the year 1945/1946 the Soviet secret police NKVD arrested over 30 young people (ages 13 and 14), including three girls, for alleged anti-Soviet activity and membership of werewolf . Two committed suicide as a result of torture, two were killed before sentencing, one shot, two died in prison in Waren. Many of them were sent to the Soviet special camp No. 7 Sachsenhausen , five died there due to the camp conditions. The survivors were released between 1950 and 1954. In the villa, a memorial stone with a copper plaque by Sieghard Dittner has been a reminder of the events since 1998.

During the GDR era, the central pioneer holiday camp " Fritz Heckert " existed in the Lenz district .

From 1952 to 1994 Malchow belonged to the district of Waren (until 1990 in the GDR district of Neubrandenburg , then in the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania ). In 1994 the city was incorporated into the Müritz district. Since the district reform in 2011 , it has been in the Mecklenburg Lake District .

After the political change , the historic city center with the old town island and the monastery area were fundamentally renovated as part of the urban development funding. Since April 20, 2011, Malchow has been officially called "Inselstadt". The Ministry of the Interior of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania approved this addition to the name due to the unique structural island location of the historic old town.

Population development

year Residents 1990 8166 1995 7856 2000 7492 2005 7155 2010 6793

year Residents 2015 6582 2016 6556 2017 6619 2018 6627 2019 6569

Status: December 31 of the respective year

politics

City council

town hall

The city council of Malchow consists of 19 members and the mayor. Since the local elections on May 26, 2019, it has been composed as follows:

Party / list	Seats
CDU	3
Alliance 90 / The Greens	3
The left	3
Alliance for Malchow (BfM)	2
AfD	2
Open electoral list Malchow (OWM)	2
FDP	2
SPD	1
Community of active Malchowers (GaM)	1

mayor

• 1992–2015: Joachim Stein (Alliance 90 / The Greens)
• since 2015: René Putzar (independent)

Putzar was elected for a term of eight years in the mayoral election on May 10, 2015 with 50.6 percent of the valid votes.

coat of arms

Blazon : “In blue a golden wall with two towers with arched supports, crenellated wreaths, pointed roofs and knobs; between the towers above a golden heart, underneath a torn off silver bird's head, which holds a golden ring with a silver stone in its beak. " The coat of arms was established on April 10, 1858 by Friedrich Franz II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, drawn in 1884 by Carl Teske and registered under number 76 of the coat of arms of the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.

Justification for the coat of arms: The coat of arms is based on the seal image of S (IGILLVM) CIVITATIS MALCHOV - first handed down as an imprint in 1366 - and was determined in its current form in April 1858. Until 1994, however, the city had the following coat of arms: In silver, a red wall with arched supports, crenellated wreaths, pointed roofs and knobs, between the towers above a red heart, below a silver bird's head that sticks its beak through a ring. In the restored coat of arms, the wall with the towers symbolizes a fortified city. In contrast, the meaning of the symbols between the towers is unclear. The heart cannot be associated with the monastery, as it was not in the city area at the time of the first seal.

Historical coat of arms

	Blazon : "A golden boar in a shield split by red and green." The coat of arms was designed by Prof. Hans Herbert Schweitzer from Berlin . It was awarded on January 2, 1941 by the Reich Governor in Mecklenburg.
	Justification of the coat of arms: The coat of arms lost its validity soon after the end of World War II.

flag

The flag was approved by the Ministry of the Interior on August 17, 1995.

The flag is made of blue cloth. It is covered in the middle with the city coat of arms framed in yellow, which takes up two thirds of the height of the flag cloth. The length of the flag cloth is related to the height as 5: 3.

Official seal

The official seal shows the city coat of arms with the inscription "INSELSTADT MALCHOW".

Town twinning

• Quickborn in Schleswig-Holstein
• Moormerland in Lower Saxony
• Office Langballig in the Schleswig-Flensburg district in Schleswig-Holstein
• Gniewino ( Gnewin ) in the powiat Wejherowski ( Neustadt district in West Prussia ) in Poland

Sights and culture

→ Main article : List of architectural monuments in Malchow (Mecklenburg)

Buildings

City Church

Malchow swing bridge

• The monastery church of the Malchow monastery existed as a field stone church from 1235. From 1844 to 1846 a 52 m high brick tower was added, for optical reasons the nave was then renewed from 1847 to 1849 according to plans by Friedrich Wilhelm Buttel . After a fire in 1888, the church was rebuilt in neo-Gothic style by Georg Daniel by 1890 and is now used as an exhibition room for the organ museum and as a location for concerts and weddings.
• City church, built from 1870 to 1873 in the form of a cruciform church. Pastor Ferdinand Stolzenburg (1811 to 1887) is said to have successfully campaigned for its construction against the resistance of the mayor and the magistrate and with the support of the Grand Duke. A memorial plaque on the former home of Stolzenburg, opposite the town hall, indicates this. The neo-Gothic brick building of the church has a square west tower. The interior of the church, which is spanned by a wooden barrel vault, predominates from the time of construction. The altarpiece and a large number of figures are worth seeing.
• City mill, around 130 years old
• Malchow swing bridge , built in 1863, passed by around 18,000 boats every year, connects the old town island with the new town. It crosses the Müritz-Elde waterway between Müritz and Elbe . In 1980 it was defective and could no longer be opened. In 1991 a new bridge was put into operation. After an examination of the structure, it was decided in 2012 to build a new pylon rotating bridge, which was put into operation in 2013.
• Burgwall in the district of Laschendorf, remains of a Slavic low castle from 10/11. century

Historical monuments

• Jewish cemetery , Alt Schweriner Weg 1
• Monument 1870/71 (consecrated in 1876) at the town church (in poor condition)
• Monument 1914/18 (consecrated 1920) at the city church (figure of a dying warrior removed by sculptor Wilhelm Wandschneider in 1945 and later melted down)
• Monument 1914/18 Malchow Monastery (eagle removed after 1945)
• Monument 1914/18 (consecrated 1920) of the gymnastics club
• Memorial to the camp road for 375 concentration camp prisoners , prisoners of war and forced laborers (inside), the victims of fascism were
• Memorial 1939/45 for the victims of the Second World War in the city cemetery
• Memorial to fallen Soviet soldiers (erected in 1945) on Rostocker Strasse
• Memorial at the Soviet military cemetery on Teterower Strasse
• Memorial plaque for young people who were abducted and partially murdered after the end of the war in 1945 as alleged members of the werewolf organization (attached in 1998)

• 

  Town mill

• 

  Monastery church

• 

  Organ museum in the monastery church

• 

  Monument 1870/71

• 

  Malchow swing bridge

Culture

Mecklenburg organ museum

DDR Museum

Summer toboggan run, left behind the monkey forest

• Mecklenburg Organ Museum (founded in 1997) in the former monastery church. Instruments from Mecklenburg are kept here and the two-thousand-year history of organ building is shown and described with special attention to the romantic Mecklenburg organs. The visitor has the opportunity to play the organ and on certain days to experience concerts in the church with several organs. The connected organ science library is housed in a neighboring building.
• GDR museum in a former cinema from 1956 with exhibits from everyday life of the citizens. This ranges from wedding utensils, youth consecration and the FDJ to the history of radio technology.
• City and local history museum (Kloster 47) with objects, some to try out, which give an insight into the way of life and work of the population of the region. A complete print shop, a school room from 1930, a shoemaker's workshop and a kitchen from the 1920s are well worth seeing.
• Collection on cycling technology at Rostocker Straße 42. Here you can see curiosities from GDR motorcycle history as well as bicycles from the 1920s (currently closed).
• Kino Malchow, cinema as part and local representation of the National Association film communication Mecklenburg-Vorpommern . In addition to the regular program, there are also special events, also for kindergartens and schools. The cinema has 165 seats and has been operated by the city's housing association since 2003.
• Affenwald Malchow in the northwest of the urban area - in the corner between the A 19 motorway and a country road - opened in 2000. There, visitors can number in a 3.5-hectare, walk nature reserve Barbary apes encounter. Ouessant sheep are also kept. The company also has a summer toboggan run directly adjacent , which is almost 490 meters long and takes advantage of the height difference of a former garbage dump .
• Malchower Volksfest on the first weekend in July every year, celebrated since 1853 and thus the oldest folk festival in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. The highlights of the festival include marching bands and fanfares with brass bands, a parade on the Malchower See with decorated and illuminated boats and a fireworks display with classical music. The Malchower Volksfest has been part of the intangible cultural heritage of UNESCO in Germany since 2014 .

Economy and Infrastructure

economy

Malchower See and former weaving mill

Malchow is one of the main tourist places in the Mecklenburg Lake District. The tourist information office is located in the oldest house in town on Kirchenstrasse.

Due to the central location on the water, the cloth making and dyeing industry developed in the village in the 19th century . At times Malchow was therefore referred to as the Manchester of Mecklenburg. However, this industry has disappeared.

traffic

Malchow is on the federal highway 192 between Goldberg and Waren (Müritz) . West of the city runs the A 19 federal motorway (Berlin – Rostock), which can be reached via the Malchow and Waren / Müritz junctions .

The Inselstadt Malchow stop is on the Malchow – Waren (Müritz) railway line in the immediate vicinity of the city center. From there, trains of the regional train line RB 15 run to Waren (Müritz) with a direct connection to Rostock and Berlin . There was also a train connection in the direction of Parchim until April 2015 . It has been discontinued and replaced by a non-continuous bus line.

education

• Elementary school "Johann Wolfgang von Goethe", Kirchenstrasse 23
• Fleesenseeschule (associated regional school and grammar school), Schulstrasse 3
• State School for Fire and Disaster Protection Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Strandstrasse 12

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

• Mauritius Rachel (1594–1637), pastor and poet
• Joachim Rachel (around 1600–1664), pastor and writer
• Joachim Trumpf (1687–1769), organ builder and astronomer
• Joachim Hartmann (1715–1795), theologian
• Christian Engel (1788–1871), Mayor of Röbel
• Bernhard Friedrich Kühl (1808–1882), council pharmacist in Rostock
• Adolf Prahst (1829–1919), architect
• Alfred Schlomann (1878–1952), terminologist
• Friedrich Wilhelm Virck (1882–1926), architect
• Otto Becker (1885–1955), historian
• Wilhelm Müller (1886–1969), teacher and long-time correspondent of Uwe Johnson
• Dietrich von Müller (1891–1961), Lieutenant General in the Wehrmacht
• Rudolf Gahlbeck (1895–1972), painter and graphic artist
• Otto Rasenack (1899–1976), veterinarian and slaughterhouse expert
• Friedrich-Franz Pingel (1904–1994), painter
• Willy Pingel (1907–1994), art bookbinder
• Erika Glassen (* 1934), orientalist
• Henning Schleiff (* 1937), 1975 to 1990 Lord Mayor of Rostock
• Detlef Bremer (1957–1988), fatality on the inner-German border
• Christian Konrad Meurer (* 1958), journalist
• Erich Schumacher (1930–2019), city historian

People connected to the city

• Wertislaw (unknown – 1164), publicly executed in Malchow on the Trostberg
• Charlotte von Hobe (1792–1852), writer, canon in the Malchow Monastery
• Friedrich Johann Meyer (1814–1882), Mayor of Malchow 1841–1849
• Friedrich Friese (1827–1896), organ builder, built the organ of the town church in 1873 and the Malchow monastery church in 1890
• Georg Daniel (1829–1913), master builder, built the new town church from 1870–1873
• Friedrich Zelck (1860–1945), Mayor of Malchow from 1895 to 1927, honorary citizen of the city
• Gertrud von Lücken (1877–1972), last dominatrix of the Malchow monastery
• Friedrich Drese (* 1960), director of the Malchow Organ Museum
• Katrin Rutschow-Stomporowski (* 1975), Olympic champion in rowing, grew up in Malchow

Web links

Commons : Malchow  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikisource: Malchow (Mecklenburg)  - Sources and full texts

• Literature about Malchow (Mecklenburg) in the state bibliography MV
• History of Malchow

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Statistisches Amt MV - population status of the districts, offices and municipalities 2019 (XLS file) (official population figures in the update of the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ↑ Regional Spatial Development Program Mecklenburg Lake District (2011) , Regional Planning Association, accessed on July 12, 2015
3. ↑ § 15 of the main statute of the island town of Malchow
4. ^ GCF Lisch: Prehistory of the place Malchow . Schwerin 1867 ( full text ).
5. ↑ Munitionswerk Malchow (geschichtsspuren.de)
6. ↑ Munitionsfabrik Malchow (blauermel.de)
7. ↑ Benno Prieß: Shot at dawn . Self-published. Co-editor: State Commissioner for the Documents of the State Security Service of the GDR. Calw 2002. ISBN 3-926802-36-7 . Pp. 208-214
8. ↑ Places of remembrance, memorials, memorials and museums on the dictatorship in the Soviet occupation zone and GDR. ed. v. A. Kaminsky, Bonn 2007, pp. 255 f.
9. ↑ Press release No. 62 of the Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Ministry of the Interior (PDF; 73 kB)
10. ↑ Population development of the districts and municipalities in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Statistical Report AI of the Statistical Office Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania)
11. ^ Result of the election for the city council on May 26, 2019
12. ↑ Do you want to stay in Malchow, Herr Stein? In: Nordkurier , October 10, 2014.
13. ↑ FDP candidate Putzar wins mayoral election in Malchow. In: Die Welt , May 10, 2015.
14. ↑ ^{a b} Hans-Heinz Schütt: On shield and flag - the coats of arms and flags of the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and its municipalities . Ed .: production office TINUS; Schwerin. 2011, ISBN 978-3-9814380-0-0 , pp. 316-318 .
15. ↑ ^{a b} main statute § 1 (PDF).
16. ↑ https://www.malchow.m-vp.de/ddr-museum/
17. ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from March 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
18. ↑ The Golden Ribbon of the Sports Press 2004 for Katrin Rutschow-Stomporowski . on germanroadraces.de