Basedow (Mecklenburg)

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 53 ° 42 '  N , 12 ° 41'  E
Basic data
State :	Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
County :	Mecklenburg Lake District
Office :	Malchin at the Kummerower See
Height :	24 m above sea level NHN
Area :	35.42 km 2
Residents:	698 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	20 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	17139
Area code :	039957
License plate :	MSE, AT, DM, MC, MST, MÜR, NZ, RM, WRN
Community key :	13 0 71 007
Community structure:	8 districts
Office administration address:	Am Markt 1 17139 Malchin
Website :	www.amt-malchin-am-kummerower-see.de
Mayor :	Kurt Reinholz
Location of the municipality Basedow in the Mecklenburg Lake District

Basedow is a municipality in the northwest of the Mecklenburgische Seenplatte district in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Germany). It is administered by the Malchin Office at Kummerower See , based in the city of Malchin . The nature park administration of the nature park Mecklenburgische Schweiz and Kummerower See is located in Basedow .

geography

Geographical location

The municipality of Basedow connects to the east of the 14 square kilometers large Malchiner See and is located in the geographical center of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. The city of Malchin is about eight kilometers away. The hilly area between the Malchiner See and the Ostpeene reaches heights of up to 50.3 meters above sea level in the Basedows municipal area. NN ( Eichberg ).

Community structure

The community includes:

Districts

Basedow Basedow height Gessin New Basedow

Neuhäuser Seedorf Stöckersoll Tar stove

Desolations and living spaces Wargentin (desert)

Neighboring communities

Neighboring communities are: Malchin in the north, Gielow in the east, Moltzow in the south and Dahmen in the west

history

Basedow

An early settlement is proven by several large stone graves from the Neolithic (4500 to 1700 BCE). In 1968, during excavations in one of the three mounds, a three-bay burial chamber with numerous grave goods and bone fragments was uncovered with red sandstone paving. A castle wall exists from the younger Bronze Age (1700 to 600 BCE) and the early Iron Age (600 to 0 BCE). The castle was a hilltop castle with an interior space of one hectare. In 1958 an excavation cut was made through the wall. The archaeologists established that there were fortifications made up of a 3 meter wide and 1.80 meter deep trench, a 1.50 meter wide berm and wood embedded in clay. A settlement layer was discovered behind the wall. Dating ceramics and a bronze needle were found. The castle wall is located in the forest area between Basedow and Seedorf. There are many Bronze Age barrows throughout the municipality, which supplement the evidence of settlement.

To the north of Basedow on both sides of the Dahmer Canal - the outflow of the Malchiner See - lies the two-part castle wall of the "Kniepenburg". According to ceramic finds, the complex dates from the early Slav period to the early German period, from 600 to 1500.

These soil monuments clearly show the almost continuous settlement of the municipality.

Basedow Castle

Baroque organ loft in the Basedow church

In connection with the consecration of Malchin by the Bishop of Cammin, Basedow was first mentioned on January 14, 1247. The church of Basedow is subordinated to that of Malchin as a subsidiary church. The place was then owned by the knight Theoderich or Dietrich Luch.

In 1337 Prince Johann von Werle enfeoffed four Hahn brothers with the villages of Basedow, Gessin and Sandliepen. From then until 1945 Basedow was the main estate and ancestral seat of the Hahn family, who in 1802 were elevated to the rank of imperial count as von Hahn .

In 1467 a medieval castle was mentioned, which in the first half of the 16th century is described as derelict. The remains of the ruins are still a protected ground monument a few meters north of the current castle. In the middle of the 16th century, the landowners built the three-storey Basedow Castle on and next to the remains of the castle. Construction was completed in 1552.

In the Seven Years' War the place became a secondary theater of war in 1761. Many houses burned down. There was looting.

The theologian Georg Matthias Wüstney (1756–1822), pastor for 39 years in Basedow, made a contribution to the upbringing and education of young people and founded the Wüstneyì Institute .

In 1828 Friedrich von Hahn received the famous English racing rider Charles James Apperley on Basedow, who described the place and meeting in his travelogue "Nimrod's hunting tours" (1835).

In the 19th century, Friedrich August Stüler erected a number of buildings in the village - such as the south wing of the palace (burned down in 1891, rebuilt from 1892–95), a gatehouse (1837/38, burned down in 1945), the four-wing stables (1838, currently under reconstruction) , the country house (1842) as well as the brewery (1850) and the head forestry (1865).

In 1835/52 Peter Joseph Lenné designed the palace gardens in the style of an English landscape garden. He laid out a baroque garden in front of the castle. In the park there is a memorial stone for Friedrich Franz Graf von Hahn (born February 5, 1921 in Rostock ; fallen on December 11, 1941 near Taganrog ). He was the last male offspring of the Hahn-Basedow family. From 1933 until his death in 1946, the former regional bishop Gerhard Tolzien worked as a pastor in Basedow. In his chronicle he describes the invasion of the Red Army in 1945. At that time the count's family fled, the castle was looted and served as the first accommodation for many refugee families. In 1946 the land reform was carried out and in 1960 an LPG was founded. After 1945 the refugees removed the baroque garden in front of the castle, and vegetables were grown there instead. Cattle sheds and other sheds were built behind the castle in the park. Numerous apartments were built into the palace until the 1980s.

Since the 1980s, the main parts of the palace park have been gradually restored. Numerous buildings on the former estate have been restored and some of them are used for gastronomic purposes, such as the former blacksmith's shop and a stable building.

In the 1990s, the exterior of the castle was repaired and sold by the Treuhandanstalt . However, the first investor did not hold out and the trust had to offer the castle and the facilities again in an auction. The von Hahn family also took part in the auction, but was subject to Swiss investors. The current owners are renovating the interior of the castle in small steps. The hall in the south wing and some living rooms with preserved ceiling designs are worth seeing. The removal of many post-war installations, such as partition walls, heating systems, etc. was essential. The external protection with windows, doors and fences was also important.

The entire village center with castle, park, stables and church as well as other architectural monuments are under regional monument protection. In the demarcated area, buildings erected after 1945 are to be removed or dismantled as far as possible. Some still cause problems, e.g. B. the prefabricated building from the GDR era to the east of the castle, because it now contains condominiums.

Basedow height

Basedow-Höhe was developed from a road caretaker's house at the junction to Wendischhagen according to MTB 1920 ( measuring table sheet ) after 1920. At the moment it is unclear whether the place was founded in the 1930s or not until the land reform in 1945 as a chessboard-like complex of individual farms. Since then, only the access roads and the farmsteads have been modernized.

Gessin

The fate of the village of Gessin is closely linked to that of Basedow. Before it passed into Hahn's possession, Bishop Wilhelm von Kamin united it with Basedow by confirming the foundation and dedication of the parish in Malchin and its daughter church in Basedow and among the villages of the latter also "Jacin “Enumerates. Ninety years later, on May 3, 1337, Johann III. von Werle-Goldberg gave the brothers Nikolaus, Eckhard, Mathias and Nikolaus von Hahn besides Basedow also the villages of Gessin and Liepen to hereditary fiefdoms. From then on, Gessin remained in constant contact with Basedow. In the last few centuries, a peasantry of its own developed, which was only obliged to provide certain spy services to Basedow Castle . Gessin had not been a manor village since that time. Eight of the former eleven courtyards have been preserved in their structure.

The chapel and the village pond form the center of the village, which is located in a small valley floor in Mecklenburg Switzerland. The old farm and day laborer's houses with their farm buildings are all in good condition. The village street is lined with an avenue of lime trees. Today two families can earn their income from farming with the agricultural land in the neighborhood. Gessin is not a church village, which is why the village chapel is of cultural and historical significance. It is the only medieval chapel in the country with its original structure.

In 2006, the village of Gessin won first place in the “Network Neighborhood” competition - an initiative by BHW .

New Basedow

Neu-Basedow is located in the middle of a wooded area south of Basedow. According to the measurement table from 1880, the place was probably laid out as a forest workers' settlement. Since then, the structure of the place on the southern edge of the municipality has not changed.

Neuhäuser

This settlement is not far south-west of Neu-Basedow but on the edge of the larger forest area on the southern edge of the municipality. Like the place mentioned above, Neuhäuser was created as a forest workers' settlement connected with the somewhat detached forester's house before 1880. After 1945 the settlement was used more for agriculture.

Seedorf

To the northeast of Seedorf is the Bronze Age castle wall described by Basedow and to the southwest some large stone and tumulus graves. Seedorf is an old settlement of agricultural and forest workers as well as fishermen directly on the Malchiner See, whose location gave rise to the name. Today the village is more of a collection of bungalows and other leisure buildings. Before 1880, according to MTB, the fishermen's houses existed south of Seedorf, and today a campsite dominating the area is located there. According to MTB, there was a lime kiln to the east in the direction of Stöckersoll between 1880 and 1920, which together with the sawmill at Teerofen and the brickworks at Christinenhof supplied the building materials for Hahn's goods. Around 1880, a gamekeeper house in the southeast belonged to Seedorf, because the eastern forest areas of Seedorf were listed as a so-called "zoo", which is a fenced-in area with the von Hahn family's game.

Stöckersoll

Stöckersoll is located southeast of Basedow and was called MTB 1880 and 1920 until then "Stäckersahl". It contained some farm buildings and farm workers' houses of the Basedow estate, but was not directly designated as a Vorwerk. After the land reform of 1945, some new farmer settlements were created in and around the village in the early 1950s, which was significantly expanded as a result.

Tar stove

The place got its name after the tar furnace established there before 1880, in which tar was obtained from the surrounding pine forests by burning / charring. A larger sawmill was built to the west of the village, which processed the wood for Hahn's goods and also supplied the tar stove. Today the place consists of only a few scattered buildings. To the north and west of the village there are larger gravel pits as raw material suppliers. To the southeast of Teerofen is the Basedow train station from 1879, which belongs to Teerofen. The buildings are still there, but the Malchin - Waren railway line was closed in 1996, but has been dismantled since around 2008, with the exception of a few kilometers of trolley routes.

Wargentin (desert)

The desert lies west of Basedow towards Malchiner See. Slavic and early German sherds, rubstones and wall foundations were found in the desert of Wargentin. Especially the foundations of a church are there. The place was destroyed in the Seven Years' War and not rebuilt afterwards.

politics

coat of arms

	Blazon : "In red a left-facing silver rooster with a black beak, black feet and two black feathers in the tail." The coat of arms and the flag were designed by the Schwerin heraldist Karl-Heinz Steinbruch . It was approved on January 30, 1998 by the Ministry of the Interior and registered under number 150 of the coat of arms of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.
	Justification of the coat of arms: In the coat of arms, the rooster, which comes from the family coat of arms of those of Hahn, which shows a red rooster in silver, is supposed to remind in a changed position and swapped tinging of the noble family, which determined the development of the place for centuries.

flag

The flag was approved by the Ministry of the Interior on September 22, 1999.

The flag consists of two thirds of the length of the flag cloth from a red field and one third, which is evenly striped lengthways of red, white, red, white, red, white and red. The center of the red field is with the figure of the municipal coat of arms occupied: with a white cock with a black beak, black feet and two black feathers in the tail, looking towards the flight border. The figure is six sevenths the height of the flagcloth. The relation of the height of the flag cloth to the length is like 3: 5.

Official seal

The official seal shows the municipal coat of arms with the inscription "GEMEINDE BASEDOW".

Attractions

→ See also list of architectural monuments in Basedow (Mecklenburg)

• Basedow village as a "decorated country estate" from the 19th century with the landscape park from 1835 to 1852 based on plans by Peter Joseph Lenné .
• Basedow Castle , one of the most important castle complexes in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, which was built for the von Hahn family from 1552 in the Renaissance style . By 1839, the manor house and then part of the commercial and residential buildings were redesigned in a classicist or neo-Gothic style based on plans by Friedrich August Stüler . Until 1895, the east wing was rebuilt according to plans by Albrecht Haupt in the neo-renaissance style with Mecklenburg-style influences.
• Gothic village church Basedow from the 13th century, with rarely homogeneous and unusually splendid furnishings from the late Renaissance period. After a fire in 1766, the neo-Gothic tower with its saddle roof and ridge turret was designed in 1853 according to plans by Friedrich August Stüler . The baroque organ from 1683 is one of the oldest organs in the country.
• Gessin village church : Small Gothic , two- bay, towerless field stone church from around 1400 with ribbed vaults and three-sided choir closure .
• Half-timbered barn in Gessin with thatched hipped roof and Utlucht .
• Large stone graves and stone boxes from the Neolithic, tumuli and bowl stones from the Bronze Age, as well as many rare district boundary stones from the 19th century, are scattered throughout the municipality.

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  Main building of the Marstall

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  Farm buildings

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  Basedow village church

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  Hun grave in the castle park

Transport links

The community is located on the road connecting Malchin to Malchow . The B 104 ( Güstrow - Neubrandenburg ) leads through Malchin, six kilometers away , and the nearest train station is also in Malchin. Basedow station was on the Waren – Malchin railway line opened in 1879, traffic on this was stopped in 1996 and the line was shut down two years later.

societies

• Mittelhof Gessin e. V. - weekly events in the Gessin village house
• SV Blau Weiss 48 Basedow e. V.

literature

• Basedow and the counts Hahn achieved literary fame as Klevenow in the trilogy of novels by Helmut Sakowski

[Vol. 1] The swans from Klevenow. (1993)

[Vol. 2] Black wedding on Klevenow. (1994)

[Vol. 3] The heirs of Klevenow. (2000)

• Stefan Pulkenat: Park, Basedow. In: Bund Heimat und Umwelt in Deutschland (Ed.): White paper on historical gardens and parks in the new federal states. 2nd revised edition, Bonn 2005, ISBN 3-925374-69-8 , p. 77 f.

Web links

Commons : Basedow (Mecklenburg)  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Literature about Basedow (Mecklenburg) in the state bibliography MV
• Basedow on orte-in-mv.de
• Official website of the municipality of Basedow at the Malchin office on Lake Kummerower
• Gessin village

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Statistisches Amt MV - population status of the districts, offices and municipalities 2019 (XLS file) (official population figures in the update of the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ^ German edition and T. "From ancient times (Nimrod's diary)" (1909)
3. ↑ Hans-Heinz Schütt: On shield and flag production office TINUS, Schwerin 2011, ISBN 978-3-9814380-0-0 , p. 280/281.
4. ↑ ^{a b} main statute § 1 (PDF).