Demmin

The title of this article is ambiguous. Further meanings are listed under Demmin (disambiguation) .

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 53 ° 54 '  N , 13 ° 3'  E
Basic data
State :	Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
County :	Mecklenburg Lake District
Height :	4 m above sea level NHN
Area :	81.62 km 2
Residents:	10,564 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	129 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	17109
Area code :	03998
License plate :	MSE, AT, DM, MC, MST, MÜR, NZ, RM, WRN
Community key :	13 0 71 029
City structure:	11 districts
City administration address :	Markt 1 17109 Demmin
Website :	www.demmin.de
Mayor :	Michael Koch ( CDU )
Location of the town of Demmin in the Mecklenburg Lake District

The Hanseatic city of Demmin [ dɛˈmiːn ] is a small town in the eastern center of the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania . Since the district reform in 2011 , it has belonged to the Mecklenburg Lake District , but always emphasizes that it belongs to Western Pomerania . Until then , Demmin had been a district town itself since 1818 . With almost 11,000 inhabitants (2020) it is one of the 18 medium-sized centers in the country.

With its many bodies of water and the surrounding landscape, the Demmin region is a popular holiday destination , especially for nature tourists. The three rivers Peene , Trebel and Tollense converge in Demmin . The Peene flows from the nearby Kummerower See through Demmin to the Baltic Sea .

geography

Geographical location

→ Main article : Peenetal

Demmin is located in the Western Pomerania lowlands at the confluence of the Peene, Tollense and Trebel rivers, which together form a cross of water. Kummerower See and Stettiner Haff (Oderhaff) can be reached on the Peene by boat, Neubrandenburg via Altentreptow on side roads and cycle paths. The area of ​​the confluence of the Tollense and the Trebel in the Peene is popularly known as the three-stream country (based on the ancient two-stream country ).

To the north of Demmin , the forest area known as Drosedower Wald and Woldeforst extends over about 174 hectares . This is also where the 103 hectare Kronwald nature reserve is located . To the west is Devener Holz on the left bank of the Peene and Vorwerker Schweiz on the left bank. In the east of the city are the Sandberg Firs and in the southeast the Vorwerker Forest.

• 

  View over the Trebel valley to Demmin

• 

  Peeneland near Demmin

• 

  Peeneschleife in the Randow district

• 

  Tollense with wild banks

• 

  Moors in the Trebel Valley

City structure

town hall

The following districts belong to Demmin:

Demmin Deven Drönnewitz Lindenfelde	Randow Seedorf Waldberg Wotenick

The following residential areas and settlements also exist in the urban area:

• in the north: Meyenkrebs, Adolfshof, Erdmannshöhe, Wendeforst and Wotenick expansion
• in the east: Karlshof, Siebeneichen , Jägerhof
• in the south: Vorwerk , Neu Vorwerk, Klenz
• in the west: Devener Hof, settlement on Devener Holz, suburban settlement, Stuterhof , Eichholz

Neighboring communities

In the north the urban area borders on Nossendorf and Loitz , in the east on Kletzin , Siedenbrünzow and Utzedel , in the south on Beggerow , Borrentin and Schönfeld and in the west on Warrenzin .

history

Place name

The origin of the name is possible from the Slavic term timänie , which means something like "swampy area". It is also possible that the origin of the Old Polabian dym (plural dyminy ) for “smoke, haze” is due to the slash-and-burns at that time or the fog typical of lowlands. Adam von Bremen reported in 1075 about the contested Dimine Castle . The name changed from Dymine to Dimin , Latinized to Dyminium , finally to Demmyn and in 1320 to Demmin .

According to a legend it was completely different: two princesses who built the castle "Haus Demmin" vowed to each other: Dat Hus is din and min . This is said to have given rise to the name of the castle and thus the city.

prehistory

As early as 5500-4900 BC The Neolithic ceramic band culture spread or down to the area east of Demmin. 119 megalithic structures in the district are documented as evidence of the funnel beaker culture. Of these, 56 are at least partially preserved. The majority of them are 37 large dolms . The fact that 6 ancient dolmens have also survived indicates one of those regions in which the construction of these structures had its roots. The grave mounds and the bowl stones , of which twelve have been preserved in the Demmin district, are characteristic of the subsequent period . From around 1800 BC The area was settled by early Germanic population groups.

middle Ages

House Demmin

Luisentor, part of the medieval fortifications, in the background St. Bartholomaei

In the forests around Demmin there were Slavic Wilzen settlements as early as the 8th century . During the Saxon Wars in 789, Charlemagne led his army as far as the Peene against the Wilzen, allied with the Saxons . Their prince Dragowit , whose castle is said to have stood near Vorwerk (Demmin), submitted and promised tribute payments. In the struggle between the Wilzen and Franconians for this region, which was very suitable for a settlement due to the crossing of rivers and later also trade routes, a border castle was first built , which was built by the Liutizian Zirzipans at the beginning of the 10th century and later named " House Demmin ”received. This castle controlled the eastern part of Zirzipaniens , which extended in the west to Güstrow and whose main castle was Teterow .

Soon a trading center developed under the protection of the castle. The chronicler Adam von Bremen described this in a report in 1075 as an “important city” ( civitas maxima ). In his description of Jumne he reported: "From that city you can take a short trip to the city of Dymin, which lies at the mouth of the Peene River, where the Rhunen ( Ranen ) also live." Because of this incorrect location, the historian Gustav Kratz suspected that Demmin was confused with Wolgast , which would be an indication that both places were known in principle.

His second missionary trip led Otto von Bamberg in 1128 to Demmin ( Timina civitas Pomeraniae ), where he met Duke Wartislaw I and stayed in an old castle ( vetus castellum ) outside the village. The Pomeranian Castle Demmin was first mentioned in a document on October 14, 1140 in the confirmation letter of Pope Innocent II for the Pomeranian diocese . During the Wendenkreuzzuges in 1147 Demmin was besieged by the German-Danish-Polish crusade army, but was able to avert a conquest by referring to the missionary work by Otto von Bamberg.

The sons of Wartislaw Bogislaw I and Casimir I , who ruled from 1156, chose Demmin as one of their residences. On July 6th 1164 there was the battle of Verchen between Lutizen and a Danish-Saxon army. The defeated Slavs set Demmin on fire and retreated inland. In the following decades, there was increasing German settlement in the course of eastern colonization. From 1178 to 1180 the Pomeranian dukes undertook three campaigns in Lausitz and the Jüterbog region , which were heavily devastated. In the late autumn of 1180 the opponents counter-attack and the Brandenburg Margrave Otto I besieged Demmin. Casimir I was probably killed in the fighting and Bogislaw I now ruled alone. After the fall of Henry the Lion in 1181, Bogislaw I became German Imperial Prince. From 1211, the area came under Danish Lehnsabhängigkeit , and after 1227 it became brandenburg fief.

Around 1236, the city was laid out according to plan with a grid-shaped road network, which was also surrounded by a wall ring and five gates. Only a little later, between 1236 and 1249, Demmin received Lübisches law .

On May 17, 1264 this line Pomerania-Demmin went out with the death of Wartislaw III. , a grandson of Bogislaw I.

At the end of the 13th century, the Pomeranian Marshal Henning von Winterfeld , master of the castles Osten and Wolde , also held Demmin Castle. The Gothic town church St. Bartholomaei in the old town was first mentioned in 1269.

Since the Peene is navigable, the city acted as a transshipment point for mostly agricultural products. In 1283 Demmin joined the Hanseatic League and was conferred by the Pomeranian dukes Wartislaw IV. And Otto I on 27 September 1320, the exemption from customs duties . In the 14th and 15th centuries, Demmin concluded close alliances with Stralsund , Greifswald and Anklam . In 1452 these cities were able to achieve great power and urban freedom through the ducal “ golden privilege ”.

In the First War of the Rügen Succession , Demmin was besieged by Mecklenburg troops in July 1327. In 1358 Demminer messengers took part in the Hanseatic Day. In 1394 Demmin, together with the other cities, provided a contingent for the fleet against the Vitalienbrüder .

More serious city fires destroyed Demmin halfway in 1407 and almost completely in 1495. In 1499 the town acquired the pledge on the village of Deven.

In 1534 the Reformation was introduced in Pomerania . In the years 1546 and 1547 the Demmin city fortifications were reinforced and additional ramparts were built.

17th century

View around 1611 from the Stralsund illuminated manuscript

View from 1617 on the Lubin map

The 17th century brought the city to almost complete ruin. Demmin was besieged five times and burned down three times.

Demmin left the Hanseatic League in 1607. Due to strong competition from England and Holland , the Hanseatic League broke up. In the period before 1618 the city had about 2400 inhabitants.

During the Thirty Years War , the imperial troops occupied the city in 1627 and the Swedes under Gustav Adolf in 1631 . The imperial rulers under Gallas besieged and conquered the city again at the end of 1637. However, through List, the Swedes under Johan Lilliehöök succeeded in taking it again in 1639.

In the Peace of Westphalia of 1648, Western Pomerania was awarded to Sweden as an imperial fief. Demmin also belonged to this Swedish-Pomeranian , which was expanded by the Swedes into the Demmin fortress .

During the Second Northern War , the fortress was initially strengthened. During the siege of 1659 by the troops of the Brandenburg Elector under Field Marshal Otto Christoph von Sparr , the Swedish occupation capitulated after 28 days and withdrew to Stralsund. The Brandenburg occupation lasted until the Peace of Oliva in 1660.

Also in the Swedish-Brandenburg War Demmin was included from September 1676 by Brandenburg troops under the Feldzeugmeister Duke August von Holstein ; the city was set on fire and three-quarters destroyed. The Bartolomäuskirche also burned down. Although the Swedish occupation withdrew, the city remained under Swedish Pomerania after the Peace of Saint-Germain on July 19, 1679. On November 13, 1679, Otto Wilhelm von Königsmarck returned to the city with Swedish troops. Brandenburg could not maintain the bitterly paid successes. Reconstruction took place slowly. At the end of the 17th century, 600 people were already living in the city again.

18th century

City map from 1758

Demmin: Surrender of the Swedes to the Prussians January 1759 (copper engraving)

During the Great Northern War 1700–1721, the city came under Russian occupation for eight months (1712/1713) . Personalities such as Peter the Great and Catherine I resided here at times . Occupied by Prussian troops at the beginning of the Pomeranian Campaign in June 1715 , it has belonged to Prussia since the Peace of Stockholm in 1720. The land on the left bank of the Peene , however, remained Swedish until 1815 . In 1732 King Friedrich Wilhelm I visited the city. Demmin received a Prussian garrison for a Fusilier regiment that fought against the French on the Rhine in 1733 and in the Silesian Wars from 1740 .

The Eugenienberg colony was established in the city forest in 1748 . At the beginning of the Seven Years' War (1756–1763) the undefended Demmin was occupied by the Swedes under General Hans Heinrich von Lieven on September 13, 1757 . The Prussian troops under General Field Marshal Johann von Lehwaldt recaptured the city from December 29 to 31, 1757. In 1758 Demmin, like Anklam, was given up as a permanent place by the Prussians. The Swedish army under Count Hamilton moved in. A coup on September 22, 1758 failed. After Captain Lehwaldt's attack on Loitz on October 4, the Swedes also withdrew from Demmin, which they recaptured on October 18 under Colonel Stierneld . Demmin was taken again by the Prussians on November 7th. On December 5, 1758, the Prussian troops under General von Manteuffel advanced from Stettin towards Demmin and Anklam. The siege began on January 4, 1759. On January 18, 1759, the Swedes capitulated at Demmin; 1275 men of the "Graf Spens" regiment were taken prisoner in Prussia.

On August 17, 1760, the Prussians under Rittmeister von der Schulenburg defeated the Swedish avant-garde of General Fredrik Axel von Fersen with the Belling Hussars . On December 6, 1761, the Prussians under Colonel Wilhelm Sebastian von Belling occupied the city again. On December 15th, the Meyenkrebs ski jump was also stormed by the Prussians under Captain Arnould de la Perière. In total, Demmin was conquered by the Swedes eight times during the war and just as often was recaptured by the Prussians. On February 11, 1759, Frederick the Great ordered that the fortifications of the city of Demmin "should be completely removed and shaved". The outer fortifications were removed by the citizens and the area of ​​the former ramparts was given to them as gardens free of charge.

In the Peace of Hamburg (1762) the Peene was confirmed as the border between Swedish Pomerania and Prussia. A quiet time began for Demmin, although it was to remain a border town until 1815.

The work Description and History of the ancient, formerly solid, large and famous Hanseatic city of Demmin, as well as the attached and famous castle Haus Demmin named by Wilhelm Carl Stolle , was published in Greifswald in 1772 with the support of Johann Carl Dähnert .

19th century

In the Fourth Coalition War , the French occupation took place on April 16, 1807, and in the Sixth Coalition War in 1812, Napoleonic troops moved through Demmin on their way to Russia.

It was not until 1815 that all of Western Pomerania was granted Prussia and in 1818 there was a regional reform. In the administrative district of Stettin twelve circles were formed - one of which was Demmin. In 1825 the first Jewish cemetery was built at Luisentor , in 1848 a new Jewish cemetery in front of Anklamer Tor (today Bergstrasse 5 with 31 tombstones) and a synagogue . In 1848, eight merchant ships were based in Demmin. Even in the late 19th century, the port city of Demmin was regularly called by smaller seagoing vessels. Demmin became a garrison of the 2nd Pomeranian Uhlan Regiment No. 9 in December 1860 .

In 1877 the Berlin - Demmin - Stralsund railway line was built and in 1897 the "Ost" small railway line to Jarmen, among other places. In 1894 the imposing post office on Anklamer Strasse was inaugurated.

Around 1900 there were two lime kilns, three metal foundries, a sugar factory, two soap factories, two tanneries, two breweries (Demminer Bockbrauerei), a distillery, a margarine factory and two dairies in Demmin. The port was expanded and the Peene deepened. The gas station and fixed roads with a water pipe system were built.

1900 to 1945

Uhlan monument , destroyed in 1946

A disaster occurred on May 15, 1900 with the collapse of the railway bridge in the Peene. During work, some bolts were loosened too much, so that the iron bridge bent under the weight of the passenger train and sank with the locomotive into the depths. Engine drivers and stokers were able to save themselves by jumping off, the supervisory bridge construction fitter died.

At the beginning of the First World War in 1914, the 2nd Pomeranian Uhlan Regiment No. 9 was solemnly marched on the market square on the western front. The troops arriving here on November 19, 1918 after the armistice were demobilized at the end of December.

In the Weimar Republic, Demmin was a stronghold of the DNVP and the Stahlhelm, Union of Frontline Soldiers . The District Home Museum was opened on February 11, 1932.

In the last free Reichstag election in March 1933 , the proportion of votes for the National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP) was higher in Demmin than in the rest of the country. The NSDAP gained 53.7% (4429 votes) in the city of Demmin. In the local elections on March 12, 1933, it was 49.2%. The synagogue was sold to a furniture company in June 1938. That is the only reason why the building has been preserved until today. On November 11, 1938, thousands gathered on the market square for an anti-Semitic rally.

Mass suicide in 1945

Demmin city map

In the spring of 1945 Demmin experienced an inferno . In order to make the rapid advance more difficult for the enemy, the withdrawing Wehrmacht blew up the two Peene bridges and the Tollense bridge behind them at the end of April 1945. Although the city was handed over to the Red Army without a fight on April 30, 1945 , when Red Army soldiers from the 65th Soviet Army of the 2nd Belarusian Front marched in with units of the 1st Guards Armored Army , massive attacks on the civilian population occurred, in particular rape and arson . This was u. a. an act of revenge for the co-poisoning of invited Soviet officers in the Adler pharmacy of the Müller family, who committed suicide in this way. One of the officers died after ingesting poisoned drinks. Fear of atrocities and the vengeance of the winners often led to mass suicide in Demmin in advance , in which residents and refugees - almost exclusively women with their children - hanged themselves or drowned themselves in the Peene and Tollense . In total, around 900 to “well over a thousand people died - every 17th inhabitant”. The exact number of deaths could not be determined because there were countless refugees in the city and many bodies were drifting away in the rivers. In the “goods receipt book” of the cemetery office, acquaintances and all the nameless people of all ages were recorded on 35 pages. The remains of burned people were recovered from the rubble until well into the 1950s. Demmin's mass suicide is known to be one of the largest in German history. The documentary “ About Life in Demmin ” from 2017 is about it.

Demmin: destroyed areas in 1945 (exhibition in St. Bartholomew Church)

Most of the historical inner city, especially the city center around the market square, was set on fire by the Red Army and thus deliberately destroyed. Only two houses remained in Frauenstrasse.

From 1945

In the GDR , Demmin was largely rebuilt and remained a district town in the Demmin district , which belonged to the Neubrandenburg district from 1952 to October 3, 1990 . From 1990 to 2011 Demmin was the district town of the district of the same name in the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Since the district reform in 2011 , the city has been in the Mecklenburg Lake District .

Since 1991 the inner city and the church have been completely renovated as part of the urban development subsidy. In 1995 the Demmin town hall , which was destroyed in the war , was rebuilt in the historical style in the middle of the market square.

Due to Demmin's proven membership in the Hanseatic League , the city joined the Hanseatic League of Modern Times in 1992 . Since January 21, 1994 the city has had the additional name " Hanseatic City ".

Incorporations

Seedorf was incorporated on April 1, 1942, Wotenick on June 1, 2004.

population

Population development of Demmin from 1740 to 2017 according to the adjacent table

Year / date	population	Evangelical	Catholic	Other Christians	Jews
1740	1,773				-
1782	2,229				-
1794	2,586				-
1812	3,843	3,804	39		-
1816	3,915	3,890	25th		-
1831	4,923	4,867	20th		36
1843	6,825	6,714	12		99
1852	7,757	7,633	38		86
1861	8,016	7,833	91		92
1875	9,784
1880	10,507		293		103
1890	10,852	10,370	322		60
1900	12,079 including garrison		294
1901	12,452
1905	12,536
1925	12,787	12,254	416	19th	27
1933	14,292	13,779	377	3	8th
1939	15,534	14,297	608	13	3
1950	17,715
1971	17,149
1981	17.181
1988	16,723
1990	16.094
1995	14,557
2000	13,529
2005	12,806	2,313	307
2010	11,890
2015	11,269
2016	11,052
2017	10,865
2018	10,657
2019	10,564

since 1990: as of December 31 of the respective year

Districts and residential areas

	12/2012	6/2013
Deven	38	38
Drönnewitz	218	215
Erdmannshöhe	13	13
Karlshof	14th	11
Lindenfelde	65	66
Randow	104	98
Seedorf	93	91
Seven oaks	12	13
Vorwerk	417	414
Waldberg	22nd	19th
Woldeforst	1	2
Wotenick	210	211
Demmin (total)	11,650	11,574

religion

In the 2011 census survey, 18.7% of Demmin's residents belonged to the Protestant Church and 2.8% to the Roman Catholic Church .

Provost Demmin

The Propstei Demmin is one of three provosts of the Pomeranian Evangelical Church District in the Northern Church . It has 46 parishes and around 30,000 parishioners.

Catholic parish

The Catholic parish Maria Rosenkranzkönigin in Altentreptow, Demmin and Grimmen has around 2000 Catholics. Together with the parishes in Stralsund and Bergen auf Rügen, it has formed the parish of St. Bernhard Stralsund - Rügen - Demmin within the Archdiocese of Berlin since 2020 .

politics

Local elections 2019

Turnout: 43.0% (2014: 33.7%)

 %

40

30th

20th

10

0

33.0%

24.9%

21.4%

19.0%

1.8%

CDU

UWG

IVD

AfD

FDP

Gains and losses

compared to 2014

 % p

 25th

 20th

 15th

 10

   5

   0

  -5

-4.2  % p

-0.8  % p

+ 21.4  % p

+ 19.0  % p

+ 0.2  % p

CDU

UWG

IVD

AfD

FDP

City council

Since the local elections on May 26, 2019, the 25 seats of the city council have been distributed among the individual parties or groups of voters as follows:

Party / list	CDU	Independent voter community Demmin (UWG)	Interest group Demmin (IVD)	AfD	FDP
Share of votes	33.0%	24.9%	21.4%	19.0%	1.8%
Seats	8th	6th	5	5	1

mayor

• 1894–1913: Johannes Knitter
• 1913–1920: Werner Mensching
• 1920–1932: Georg Münter
• 1932–1934: Albert Luckow
• 1934–1945: Ernst Braatz
• 1945: Horst Sieloff
• 1945: Willi Brille
• 1945–1946: Gustav Schwantz
• 1946–1958: Franz Müller
• 1955–1958: Heinz Quast
• 1958–1961: Heinz Wesch
• 1961–1970: Franz Weisheitel
• 1970–1990: Günter Scheel (SED)
• 1990–2012: Ernst Wellmer (CDU)
• since 2012: Michael Koch (CDU)

Koch was elected in the mayoral election in May 2012 with 64.3 percent of the valid votes for a term of nine years.

coat of arms

Blazon : "In gold, a red castle with a larger open, black begatterten Middle Gate and two smaller open side gates in the battlements, two pointy roofed and with one half silver lily besteckten tin towers whose two floors are equipped with three betagleuchteten windows; between the towers hovers a leaning silver shield with a raised red griffin armed with gold. On the shield there is a sideways swept, golden crowned blue spangenhelm with red and silver covers and a natural peacock bump. " The coat of arms and the flag were redrawn in 2000 by the Schwerin heraldist Heinz Kippnick after a coat of arms drawing by Prof. Otto Hupp (1898). It was confirmed together with the flag on January 31, 2001 by the Ministry of the Interior and registered under number 23 of the coat of arms of the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.

Justification of the coat of arms: The coat of arms, based on the oldest town seal - handed down as an imprint from 1265 - had been modified several times in the past, both in terms of the design of the coat of arms and the tinging. So it probably always showed the coats of arms in the silver shield until 1945. From 1939 to 1945 the pinnacle wall had only one open, mated gate, the emblem of the Pomeranian dukes was reduced to the simple griffin shield. In the second half of the 20th century, contrary to heraldic principles, the city ran the castle floating in the golden field. The coat of arms, which has now been restored based on a drawing by Prof. Otto Hupp , combines an urban symbol with a symbol of power. While the castle is supposed to mark a strongly fortified town that emerged from a castle settlement, the full coat of arms of the dukes of Pomerania reminds of the town's founder and lord, who preferred to reside in the castle. In the Middle Ages, the lilies adorning the towers were the symbol of the city and the city's court seal. They underlined the high status of the city as a princely seat. According to the city chronicle, the tinctures red and yellow are the traditional Demmin city colors.

flag

The flag is evenly striped lengthways in red and yellow. In the middle of the flag, two thirds of the height of the red and yellow stripes, is the city coat of arms. The length of the flag is related to the height as 5: 3.

Official seal

The official seal shows the city coat of arms with the inscription "HANSESTADT DEMMIN".

Town twinning

The city maintains partnerships with the German cities of Bad Bevensen ( sponsored city ), Lünen and Porta Westfalica as well as with the Polish city of Bublitz / Bobolice .

Sights and culture

St. Bartholomew

Kahlden Bridge and Harbor

See also : List of architectural monuments in Demmin  and tourism in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania

Buildings

• The St. Bartholomew Church was first mentioned in 1269 and is the main church of the provost of the Demmin parish. The church was built as a three-aisled hall church in the brick Gothic style in the 14th century and destroyed in 1676 except for the surrounding walls. After it was restored from 1684 to 1706, it received new vaults in 1734. Between 1853 and 1867, the restoration by Friedrich August Stüler and Weber gave it what it is today, essentially neo-Gothic . With a height of 92.5 m, the filigree church tower, which was raised on the occasion of this restoration, is a remarkable neo-Gothic building.
• The Marienhain is a small city park and former churchyard , which owes its name to the Marienkirche , which stood there until it was destroyed in 1630. Instead of the church, a small octagonal central building was built in 1799, which has been used as a gallery since 1976.
• The Catholic church Maria Rosenkranzkönigin was built at the beginning of the 20th century.
• The only preserved city gate is the Luisentor in the brick Gothic style from the 15th century with a stepped gable richly structured on the field and city side. Until 1821 it was called the Kuhtor.
• The round powder tower made of brick (mentioned as early as 1546) is a remnant of the medieval city fortifications.
• The 19th century “Lübecker Speicher” is located at the harbor. The adjacent larger granaries were built around 1940.
• The Demminer Rathaus is a new construction of the building that was destroyed at the end of the Second World War and later demolished. An attempt is being made to reconstruct the market square redevelopment in historical form.
• House Demmin : Ruins of an early German castle on the site of a Pomeranian prince's castle mentioned in 1128 and a manor house of the von Rohr family built in 1840 in the classicist style and burned down in 1998 on an island at the confluence of the Peene and Tollense rivers.

Monuments, fountains and sculptures

Memorial above mass graves from May 1945 in the city cemetery

Memorial stone for people who died in May 1945 in the city cemetery

• A large boulder , originally in the city center on the old Bartholomaei cemetery in front of the church of the same name, is now in the city cemetery as a reminder of the approximately 1,000 women and children who died under the impact of the fighting and attacks during the occupation of the city in 1945 . Inscription: "Freed dead, lost in the meaning of life".
• War cemeteries for those killed in the First World War and the Second World War in the city cemetery
• Remains of the Ulan memorial destroyed by Soviet troops in 1946 , rider beheaded
• Hansebrunnen in front of the town hall; a redesign based on the original built in 1936 with a Hanseatic merchant holding a cog in his hands
• Memorial from 1971 on Ernst-Barlach-Platz for the victims of fascism
• Soviet military cemetery from 1945 (redesigned in 1995) for 103 Soviet soldiers, prisoners of war , forced laborers and one child
• Grave site in Woldeforst northwest of Demmin for 20 unknown Soviet forced laborers who had to work in an ammunition factory
• Graves of 45 Eastern workers from Poland and the Soviet Union in the cemetery of the Vorwerk district , who were used on the von Rohr family estate
• Graves of at least 54 forced laborers, their children and prisoners of war in the main cemetery , recognizable by 18 grave mounds and a memorial stone
• Commemorative plaque in Baustraße (in GDR times Karl-Köthen-Straße) to the communist city ​​councilor Karl Köthen, who died in 1937 as a result of National Socialist terror . The tablet disappeared after 1989 and has been lost ever since.
• Memorial plaque on the corner of Mühlenstrasse and Clara-Zetkin-Strasse in memory of the anti-fascist resistance fighter Franz Streit, who was murdered in Brandenburg-Görden in 1944 as a member of the Saefkow-Jacob-Bästlein group . This tablet disappeared after 1992 and has been lost ever since.

museum

The "Hanseviertel", an open-air museum with adventure offers for adults and children, is located on the fishing island at the city harbor. It is open from May to September.

The Demmin Regional Museum was located at the city harbor until 2015 . It is uncertain whether and where it will be continued. Some of the exhibits were digitized by the Demmin "9. Ulanen" eV garrison association and are available as a digital museum .

In the middle of the small city park ( Marienhain) is the so-called "Small Gallery" in the former burial chapel of the cemetery, which has long since become too small. Exhibitions are held there from time to time.

There are also changing exhibitions in the town hall and in the Bartholomaeikirche on the market square, as well as in the bank buildings of the Volksbank, the Sparkasse and the Deutsche Bank.

movie theater

The redesigned Filmsck in August-Bebel-Strasse is one of the few cinemas still in existence in this region.

Regular events

One of the annual events is the Demminer Peenefest in June at the city harbor. In addition, the Demmin Art Night has been held every year since 2005 at the beginning of May .

Economy and Infrastructure

Established businesses

• Lithonplus plant and sand-lime brick plant from HeidelbergCement
• Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Transport Company
• E.DIS , energy supplier
• DMT Demminer Maschinenbau Technik GmbH
• Peene Werkstätten GmbH, workshop for disabled people

traffic

The federal road 110 between Rostock and Anklam runs through Demmin in a west-east direction and crosses the Peene here on the Kahldenbrücke . In a north-south direction, the federal road 194 between Stralsund and Stavenhagen , which is part of the Deutsche Alleenstrasse here , crosses the Peene on the Meyenkrebsbrücke . The Bundesautobahn 20 (Rostock – Neubrandenburg) can be reached via the Jarmen junction 24 kilometers to the east or the Ticino junction 38 kilometers to the west .

The Demmin station is located on the railway line Berlin-Stralsund . It is served by the regional express line RE 5 ( Stralsund- Berlin- Wünsdorf -Waldstadt). From 1895 to 1945 Demmin was also the starting point for one and, since 1913, two narrow-gauge small railways . These were called after the war reparations to the Soviet Union spent.

Demmin has its own city ​​bus that runs every hour on weekdays . Other regional lines open up the surrounding area, individual journeys run continuously to Rostock , Greifswald or Stavenhagen . Local transport is primarily carried out by the district's own transport company MVVG , which has its headquarters in Demmin.

The nearest airport is Neubrandenburg Airport , which is about 45 kilometers away. Demmin owns a commercial harbor on the federal waterway Peene.

education

The city of Demmin has several schools, including the Goethe-Gymnasium Demmin , in which a music high school is integrated, and the Fritz-Reuter-Schule , which was built between 1894 and 1895 as a city boys ' school . The water tower (Demmin) was converted into an astronomy station with a planetarium from 1978 to 1981 .

Health facilities

On the southern edge of the city center is the Demmin district hospital, which was greatly expanded and modernized after reunification, with 203 beds and a helicopter landing pad. Due to the modern equipment, it has become a teaching hospital for the University Medical Center Greifswald . Since the district reform in 2011, the Mecklenburg Lake District has been responsible . A new extension was built for an outpatient center. Around thirty specialists and general practitioners are already providing medical care in the outpatient sector.

Sports

In addition to football ( Demminer SV 91 ), boxing, handball, wrestling, badminton (PSC Demmin), bike ball ( Demminer RV 1929 ), riding, sailing and table tennis (SV Einheit Demmin) are traditionally strongly represented sports in Demmin. In addition to the youth stadium with an artificial turf pitch, the city also has an outdoor swimming pool (Biberburg) and an indoor tennis center. There is also a riding arena and several smaller sports fields.

Personalities

→ Main article : List of personalities of the city of Demmin

literature

• Wilhelm Karl Stolle : Description and history of the Hanseatic city of Demmin. Greifswald 1772 ( online version ).
• Johann Ernst Fabri : Geography for all classes. Part I, Volume 4, Leipzig 1793, pp. 367-369 ( online version ).
• Gustav Kratz : The cities of the province of Pomerania - an outline of their history, mostly according to documents. Sendet Reprint Verlag, Vaduz 1996, ISBN 3-253-02734-1 , pp. 114–124 (unchanged reprint of the 1863 edition; online version ).
• Karl Goetze: History of the city of Demmin edited on the basis of the Demmin Council Archives, the Stollesche Chronik and other sources. Demmin 1903 (Reprint: 1997, ISBN 3-89557-077-X ).
• Mike Hartmann: Hikes to the archaeological monuments of the Demmin district , Society for Local History, Demmin 1988
• Heinz Gerhard Quadt: Demmin - as it used to be. Volume 2. Wartberg-Verlag, Gudensberg-Gleichen 1993
• Wolfgang Fuhrmann: The Hanseatic City of Demmin in old and new views. GEROS Verlag, Neubrandenburg 1998, ISBN 3-935721-00-5 .
• Henning Rischer: The district of Demmin, history of the cities at a glance. khs-Verlag, Stavenhagen 1998, ISBN 3-933541-02-6 .
• Heinz Gerhard Quadt: Demmin - A Hanseatic City in Western Pomerania. Sutton-Verlag, Erfurt 1999, ISBN 978-3-89702-115-0 .

Web links

Commons : Demmin  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikisource: Demmin in the Topographia Electoratus Brandenburgici et Ducatus Pomeraniae (Matthäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

Wikivoyage: Demmin  - travel guide

• Literature about Demmin in the state bibliography MV
• Historical views and history of the city and the district of Demmin
• Demmin - April 30, 1945 ( Memento from July 28, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Manuscript of a radio feature of the WDR , April 24, 2005 (PDF; 120 kB)
• Lost in the meaning of life (NDR.de archive: The mass suicides in Demmin from 1945)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Statistisches Amt MV - population status of the districts, offices and municipalities 2019 (XLS file) (official population figures in the update of the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ↑ Website: "Demmin in Vorpommern"
3. ↑ Page no longer available , search in web archives: Georg Wagner, Nordkurier from January 11, 2011.
4. ↑ § 13 of the main statute of the Hanseatic city of Demmin
5. ↑ The name Demmin - legend about naming. In: The folk tales of Pomerania and Rügen. 1840, p. 171.
6. ^ Karl Goetze: History of the city of Demmin. P. 3.
7. ^ Gustav Kratz: The cities of the province of Pomerania. Berlin 1865, p. 114.
8. ^ Karl Goetze: History of the city of Demmin. P. 4.
9. ^ Robert Klempin : Pomeranian document book . Vol. 1, 1st section, p. 12.
10. ↑ Hans-Peter Richter: On the power-political background and goals of the Pomeranian migrations from 1178 to 1180 to Lausitz and the Jüterbog region. In: Yearbook for the History of Feudalism. Berlin 1987, 11, pp. 83-104.
11. ↑ Heinrich Gottfried Philipp Gengler : Regesten and documents on the constitutional and legal history of German cities in the Middle Ages. Erlangen 1863, p. 735.
12. ^ Norbert Buske: Churches in Demimin . 1st edition. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt GmbH Berlin, Berlin 1989, ISBN 3-374-00910-7 , p. 54 .
13. ^ Lothar Höbelt: From Nördlingen to Jankau. Imperial strategy and warfare 1634-1645 . In: Republic of Austria, Federal Minister for National Defense (Hrsg.): Writings of the Army History Museum Vienna . tape 22 . Heeresgeschichtliches Museum, Vienna 2016, ISBN 978-3-902551-73-3 , p. 174 f .
14. ↑ Historical view from 1729: Demminum á foederatorum Casareanorum, et Brandenburgentium Exercitibus d. October 15. A. 1659 obseßum, et Nov. 4. deditione captum ( digitized version ).
15. ^ Norbert Buske: Churches in Demmin . 1st edition. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt Berlin GmbH, 1989, ISBN 3-374-00910-7 , p. 54 .
16. ^ Heinrich Adalbert Johann v. Keyserlingk: Memories for the Prussian Army. Berlin 1852, pp. 19, 85, 123, 133, 136, 143 ( online ).
17. ^ Norbert Buske: Churches in Demmin . 1st edition. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt GmbH, Berlin 1989, ISBN 3-374-00910-7 , p. 55 .
18. ^ E. Wendt & Co. (Ed.): Overview of the Prussian Merchant Navy . Stettin January 1848, p. 9 ( online [accessed June 4, 2015]).
19. ↑ zsgest. and edit by Heinz-Gerhard Quadt: Demmin as it used to be . Wartberg Verlag, Gudensberg-Gleichen, ISBN 3-86134-118-2 , p. 52 .
20. ↑ Ulrike Nimz: When a city wanted to extinguish itself. Süddeutsche Zeitung , April 2, 2015, accessed on August 25, 2017 . 
21. ↑ Thomas Scheck: Real German and national. The small town of Demmin in Western Pomerania in 1933. In: Contemporary history regional. 4/4 (2000), pp. 14-23.
22. ↑ Article Demmin. In: Irene Diekmann (Ed.): Guide through the Jewish Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Potsdam 1998, p. 99 ff., Especially p. 111 f.
23. ↑ Jan Sternberg: May 1945: The end of the world by Demmin RND , May 8, 2020
24. ↑ zsgest. and edit by Heinz-Gerhard Quadt: Demmin - as it used to be . Wartberg-Verlag, Gudensberg-Gleichen 1993, p. 19 .
25. ↑ Elke Scherstjanoi: The capture of the city of Demmin by the Red Army on April 30, 1945. In: The end of the war in Demmin. Dealing with a Difficult Legacy. Demminer Regionalmuseum , Demmin 2013, ISBN 978-3-00-041820-4 , p. 44.
26. ↑ Florian Huber : "Child, promise me that you will shoot yourself". The downfall of the common people 1945. Berlin Verlag, Berlin 2015, ISBN 978-3-8270-1247-0 .
27. ↑ Norbert Buske (Ed.): The end of the war in Demmin 1945. Reports, memories, documents. Regional studies booklets. State Center for Political Education Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Schwerin 1995.
28. ↑ Beate Lakotta: Bury it deep, don't touch it . SPON . March 5, 2005. Retrieved August 16, 2010.
29. ↑ Fact of September 22, 2003 ( Memento of December 22, 2003 in the Internet Archive )
30. ^ Heinz-Gerhard Quadt: Demmin A Hanseatic City in Western Pomerania . 1st edition. Sutton Verlag GmbH, Erfurt 1999, p. 112 .
31. ^ Heinz-Gerhard Quadt: Demmin A Hanseatic City in Western Pomerania . Sutton Verlag GmbH, Erfurt 1999, ISBN 3-89702-115-3 , p. 111 .
32. ↑ main statute
33. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i} The cities of the province of Pomerania. Kratz, Berlin 1865, pp. 121-122.
34. ↑ Christian Friedrich Wutstrack (Ed.): Short historical-geographical-statistical description of the royal-Prussian duchy of Western and Western Pomerania. Stettin 1793, overview table on p. 736.
35. ↑ Christian Friedrich Wutstrack (Ed.): Addendum to the short historical-geographical-statistical description of the royal Prussian duchy of Western and Western Pomerania. Stettin 1795, p. 134.
36. ^ Topographical-statistical manual of the Prussian state (Kraatz, ed.). Berlin 1856, p. 115.
37. ^ Meyers Konversations-Lexikon. 6th edition. Volume 4, Leipzig and Vienna 1908, p. 629.
38. ↑ ^{a b} https://results.zensus2011.de/
39. ↑ Population development of the districts and municipalities in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Statistical Report AI of the Statistical Office Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania)
40. ↑ ^{a b} Kirsten Gehrke: Resident descent somewhat slowed down. In: Nordkurier . January 15, 2014, accessed January 20, 2016 . 
41. ↑ Demmin, Hanseatic City. Population in regional comparison by religion (in detail) -in% -. Census database 2011 Census of the Federal and State Statistical Offices, accessed on October 29, 2017 . 
42. ^ Pomeranian Evangelical Church District. Provost Demmin. Evangelical Church in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, accessed on October 29, 2017 . 
43. ↑ Anja Goritzka: From the Tollense to Rügen. Demmin, Stralsund and Bergen on the way to the first pastoral room in Western Pomerania. In: Day of the Lord . Special edition: Where faith gains space. February 2016, p. 5 ( Online , PDF).
44. ^ Result of the election on May 26, 2019 for the city council of the Hanseatic city of Demmin. (PDF) (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on August 24, 2019 ; accessed on September 1, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
45. ↑ https://geoport-lk-mse.de/geoportal/pictures/wahlen_2019/13071029_GVW.pdf
46. ↑ Caffier also congratulates on the election victory. In: Nordkurier , May 8, 2012.
47. ↑ Hans-Heinz Schütt: On shield and flag - the coats of arms and flags of the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and its municipalities . Ed .: production office TINUS; Schwerin. 2011, ISBN 978-3-9814380-0-0 , pp. 282-284 .
48. ↑ ^{a b} main statute § 1 (PDF).
49. ↑ "Lost in the meaning of life"
50. ↑ Demmin Hanseatic League
51. ↑ Peenefest Demmin 2017 ( Memento of the original from April 22, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
52. ^ Art Night 2017 in Demmin: All stations , Nordkurier , May 5, 2017