Marienhain (Demmin)

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Pavilion in Marienhain

The Marienhain is a grove and a former churchyard in the Hanseatic city of Demmin . It owes its name to the old St. Mary's Church , which stood there from the Middle Ages until it was destroyed in the Thirty Years' War .

history

The Marienkirche, which existed at the latest from the 14th century east of the Demmin city fortifications , was surrounded by a cemetery. After a church visit in 1626, the city council had "a good part of the stone wall raised by the city farmers". To enlarge the churchyard, the city council gave "quite a bit of space from freedom".

In the Thirty Years' War was Federico Savelli , field marshal of the imperial troops in Demmin, St. Mary's Church for military reasons grind and sometimes the cemetery in the Demminer fortification include. In further wars in Swedish Pomerania and sieges of Demmin in the 17th and 18th centuries, the cemetery wall was completely destroyed.

In the cemetery, which was surrounded by a new enclosure from 1795 , burials took place again from 1800 to 1846 . Although school gardens had already been included, there was no longer enough space afterwards . Therefore a new cemetery was created on the road to Jarmen . Of the old grave sites , the tomb of the Demmin merchant Jürgen Peter Lobeck and his wife Salome Charlotte, as well as the Muhrbeck stele , designed by Johann Gottfried Schadow in 1815, have been preserved. Ketil Johann and Julius Gustav Lorenz Muhrbeck were doctors who did their best to fight cholera in the 18th century .

The octagonal pavilion, built in 1797 as a burial chapel , serves as the central point of the Marienhain . In 1937 the painter Karl Rumpel designed the interior walls of the chapel with historical paintings on the city's history on behalf of the Demmin magistrate. The visitors to the Marienkapelle were looking into a history book, as it were, because in the middle of the room there was a large plaster city model in a glass box and between the history pictures were the coats of arms of the four most important Demmin patrician families . The four wall paintings had the following titles:

  • " Heinrich the Lion ": Demmin Fortress opens its gates to Heinrich the Lion in 1177; with the coat of arms of the duke in the upper right corner of the picture.
  • " Hanseatic period ": port events from the Hanseatic era in 1283; with the coat of arms of the Hanseatic city of Lübeck at the top right in the picture.
  • " Swedish period ": Swedish guard and customs house on the Meyenkrebsbrücke ; with the Swedish royal coat of arms in the top right of the picture. After Sweden had conquered all of Western Pomerania in 1648 , they withdrew to the area "left of the Peene" in 1720 in favor of Prussia . As so often, Demmin became a border fortress.
  • “Preussenzeit”: The royal carriage in front of the city; with the coat of arms of the Prussian king at the top right in the picture. During the Prussian era, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, Philipp Otto von Grumbkow, came to Demmin several times to check economic development. In 1733, the "Soldier King" Friedrich Wilhelm I visited the city himself in order to promote the vaulting of the St. Bartholomew Church . After its re- inauguration , the following inscription was to be read on the south pillar of the chancel of the church: "Through Friedrich Wilhelm's grace this house has achieved that it is emblazoned with a safe deck and other decorations ".

Only black and white photographs of the wall paintings have survived. All the pictures and the plaster model were irretrievably destroyed in 1945 - after less than eight years - when the Marienkapelle burned out completely.

It has been used as a gallery every now and then since 1976 . The Italian columnar poplars planted during the GDR era were felled in 1998. In 2007, the redesign of the Marienhain, planned in the previous year, began after a storm had damaged numerous trees. The old stock of trees was largely replaced by new linden trees. Historically correct, the central appearance of the pavilion should be emphasized in particular by the widened pathways. On June 30, 2008 the city of Demmin opened the renovated facility to the public.

literature

  • Karl Goetze: History of the city of Demmin edited on the basis of the Demmin Council Archives, the Stollesche Chronik and other sources . Demmin 1903, reprint 1997, ISBN 3-89557-077-X

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Heinz-Gerhard Quadt: Demmin as it used to be . tape 2 . Wartberg Verlag, Gudensberg-Gleichen 1995, ISBN 3-86134-258-8 , p. 34-37 .
  2. ↑ Thoralf Plath : Demmin's “new” Marienhain should be ready in spring .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Demminer Zeitung . Supplement to Nordkurier , December 11, 2007@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.landkreis-demmin.de  
  3. ↑ Hanseatic City of Demmin The Mayor (Ed.): Citizen brochure Demmin . 1st edition. Linus Wittich, Sietow 2012, p. 28 .

Coordinates: 53 ° 54 '18 "  N , 13 ° 2' 26.3"  E