Jarmen

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Jarmen
Jarmen
Map of Germany, position of the city of Jarmen highlighted

Coordinates: 53 ° 55 '  N , 13 ° 20'  E

Basic data
State : Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
County : Vorpommern-Greifswald
Office : Jarmen-Tutow
Height : 7 m above sea level NHN
Area : 30.64 km 2
Residents: 2926 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 96 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 17126
Area code : 039997
License plate : VG, ANK, GW, PW, SBG, UEM, WLG
Community key : 13 0 75 054
City structure: 8 districts

City administration address :
Dr.-Georg-Kohnert-Str. 5
17126 Jarmen
Website : www.jarmen.de
Mayor : Arno Karp ( CDU )
Location of the town of Jarmen in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district
Brandenburg Landkreis Mecklenburgische Seenplatte Landkreis Vorpommern-Rügen Landkreis Vorpommern-Rügen Landkreis Vorpommern-Rügen Landkreis Vorpommern-Rügen Buggenhagen Krummin Lassan Wolgast Wolgast Zemitz Ahlbeck (bei Ueckermünde) Altwarp Eggesin Grambin Hintersee (Vorpommern) Leopoldshagen Liepgarten Luckow Luckow Lübs (Vorpommern) Meiersberg Mönkebude Vogelsang-Warsin Bargischow Bargischow Blesewitz Boldekow Bugewitz Butzow Ducherow Iven Krien Krusenfelde Neetzow-Liepen Medow Neetzow-Liepen Neu Kosenow Neuenkirchen (bei Anklam) Postlow Rossin Sarnow Spantekow Stolpe an der Peene Alt Tellin Bentzin Daberkow Jarmen Kruckow Tutow Völschow Behrenhoff Dargelin Dersekow Hinrichshagen (Vorpommern) Levenhagen Mesekenhagen Neuenkirchen (bei Greifswald) Weitenhagen Bergholz Blankensee (Vorpommern) Boock (Vorpommern) Glasow (Vorpommern) Grambow (Vorpommern) Löcknitz Nadrensee Krackow Penkun Plöwen Ramin Rossow Rothenklempenow Brünzow Hanshagen Katzow Kemnitz (bei Greifswald) Kröslin Kröslin Loissin Lubmin Neu Boltenhagen Rubenow Wusterhusen Görmin Loitz Sassen-Trantow Altwigshagen Ferdinandshof Hammer a. d. Uecker Heinrichswalde Rothemühl Torgelow Torgelow Torgelow Wilhelmsburg (Vorpommern) Jatznick Brietzig Damerow (Rollwitz) Fahrenwalde Groß Luckow Jatznick Jatznick Koblentz Krugsdorf Nieden Papendorf (Vorpommern) Polzow Rollwitz Schönwalde (Vorpommern) Viereck (Vorpommern) Zerrenthin Züsedom Karlshagen Mölschow Peenemünde Trassenheide Benz (Usedom) Dargen Garz (Usedom) Kamminke Korswandt Koserow Loddin Mellenthin Pudagla Rankwitz Stolpe auf Usedom Ückeritz Usedom (Stadt) Zempin Zirchow Bandelin Gribow Groß Kiesow Groß Polzin Gützkow Gützkow Karlsburg Klein Bünzow Murchin Rubkow Schmatzin Wrangelsburg Ziethen (bei Anklam) Züssow Heringsdorf Pasewalk Strasburg (Uckermark) Ueckermünde Wackerow Greifswald Greifswald Polenmap
About this picture

Jarmen is a country town in the district of Vorpommern-Greifswald in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and the administrative seat of the Jarmen-Tutow office , to which six other communities belong.

geography

Geographical location

Jarmen is located directly on the south bank of the Peene and is connected to the northern bank by the A 20 motorway bridge and directly on site by the new Peene bridge on Landesstraße 35.

North of Jarmen are Greifswald (19 km) and Grimmen (33 km), east Gützkow (6 km) and Wolgast (34 km), south Altentreptow (27 km) and Neubrandenburg (43 km), west Loitz (19 km) and Demmin (21 km).

City structure

Jarmen consists of the following districts:

  • Jarmen
  • Great Toitin
  • Little Toitin
  • Kronsberg

history

Surname

In 1269 Jarmen was named as Germin , also in 1277 as Germin and in 1290 as Jermyn . That could be translated as eager or bold . It was only called Jarmen in Low German with the ducal deed of 1340 .

Early history

City plan of Jarmen in 1760

Stone and Bronze Age finds were made during the construction of the A20 motorway . Among them are a settlement and one dating back to 830 BC. Dated fireplace site . Slavic colonization of the area began from 690 AD. The area around Jarmen was first mentioned in a document in the 8th century. From 1186 to 1227 Pomerania with Jarmen was under Danish suzerainty . After 1250 a planned urban complex was built at the old Peene crossing. On August 13, 1269, the city was first mentioned as Germin in a document. Around 1277 the town and country of Germin with the districts Bentzin , Zemmin, Müssentin, Zarrenthin and Toitin belonged to the diocese of Cammin . The episcopal representation based in Germin received an annual load of seven pounds of salt from the Eldena monastery . In 1290 the place was named as an oppidum . In 1305, Duke Otto I of Pomerania received Jarmen from Bishop Heinrich von Cammin as a fief .

In 1631 Jarmen became the official city of the Pomeranian Office of Ueckermünde . Jarmen developed due to its location on the Peene ferry to a traffic and trade hub. After the Thirty Years War Jarmen belonged to Swedish Pomerania from 1648 to 1720 . With the end of the Great Northern War in 1720 Jarmen became a Prussian border town. It was not until 1815 that the areas of Western Pomerania north of the Peene also belonged to Prussia.

In 1777 Jarmen had 532 inhabitants. Several city fires, including in 1742 and 1839, destroyed part of the historic housing stock.

From 1800

In 1816 Jarmen had 615 inhabitants. The Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm IV. Visited Jarmen in 1856, where he handed over 2000 thalers for the new building of the city church. A ferry across the Peene near Jarmen was first mentioned in 1368. The ferry service was stopped in 1863 after the construction of a wooden bascule bridge .

In 1862 Jarmen had 1695 inhabitants, a church, two schools, a poor house, a town hall, 172 houses and 308 farm buildings.

In 1893 the port of Jarmen was connected with Friedland and Anklam by the Mecklenburg-Pomerania Narrow Gauge Railway (MPSB) . From Schmarsow , Jarmen was connected to the Demminer Kleinbahn Ost (DKBO) in 1897 , whose route ran from Demmin to Treptow (today: Altentreptow) . The DKBO shared the station and workshop in Jarmen with the Greifswald – Jarmener Kleinbahn (GJK). Greifswald and Züssow could be reached via the GJK, which had its own railway bridge over the Peene . The first concrete arch bridge over the Peene was completed in 1910.

The railway lines were shut down in 1945 and track systems and rolling stock were delivered to the Soviet Union as reparations .

Jarmen belonged to the Demmin district in the Prussian province of Pomerania until the end of World War II , which was then incorporated into the state of Mecklenburg . In the GDR, the Demmin district belonged to the Neubrandenburg district , and since 1990 to the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Since the Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania district reform in 2011 , Jarmen has been in the Western Pomerania-Greifswald district .

The inner city has been completely renovated since 1991 as part of the urban development subsidy. The federal highway 110 , which previously ran through the city, was led via a bypass.

History of the districts

Plötz Castle from 1860
Hereditary funeral of the Heyden family in Plötz
Suddenly

Plötz was mentioned in a document for the first time in 1249. There was the Plossekenburg or Plötzenburg , the seat of the state of Plote . Henning von Winterfeld and then Martin von Winterfeld held the castle as early as the 13th and 14th centuries (cf. Kneschke and Ledebur) . At times the province with the Plötzenburg belonged to the Gützkow castellanei . The Plötzenburg was also named as the seat of the Sword Knights of Appeldorn.

Plötz became a feudal manor and in the first records it belonged in part to the von Speckin and von Maltzahn families , then the von Mardefeld families followed. Government councilor Gustav von Mardefeld sold the estate to Hans Gotthilf von Kirchbach in 1701. In 1719 the property passed to Friedrich Ehrenreich von Ramin , who bequeathed it to his three sons, who one after the other handed it over to their youngest brother. He had three daughters as offspring. Two later waived with severance payments, it remained Charlotte Elisabeth Christine von Ramin, who was married to Colonel Hans Friedrich Wilhelm von Trebra. Their children received the fief on Plötz in 1793, but then gave it up.

From 1793 the von Heyden family with Wichard Wilhelm von Heyden owned the goods. He was followed by the youngest son Carl Ludwig Wilhelm Wichert von Heyden (born November 16, 1823), who, according to Heinrich Berghaus, was still the owner in 1865. In 1865, Plötz had 142 inhabitants with five fireplaces and a windmill. Altogether Gut Plötz had three administrators, 52 rabble men and 41 day laborers in addition to the owner.

The manor house in Tudor style was built in 1866, the square tower is a special feature. The builder was Carl Ludwig Wilhelm Wicherd von Heyden (1823–1882).

The last owner of the 1000 hectare Plötz estate was Detloff von Heyden until 1945. Like almost all landlords, he was expropriated after 1945 through the land reform .

After 1945 the manor house was used as a residence for emigrants ; later it was used as a home for apprentices. Pulled empty in 1990, like many of the manor houses, it was left to decay. It was not privatized until many years later and has been restored since then.

New Plötz and Wilhelminenthal

Both places were laid out as preliminary works for Gut Plötz around 1800. The Vorwerk was formed from six laid farms.

Neu Plötz is located south of Plötz and in 1865 had 78 inhabitants with four campfire sites. In Wilhelminenthal (north of the estate) there were 70 residents with four fireplaces.

Great Toitin

The place was named in 1305 as "German Toyemtin". The place was probably settled in early German times, as indicated by a tower hill castle just west of the place. The Groß Toitin estate also had some farm buildings there in older times, but these were then relocated to the main estate east of the village. The property belonged to the von Heyden-Linden family on Tützpatz, but moved within the family to the Heyden branch on Kartlow in 1846 . Kartlow with the pertinence Groß Toitin had 4500 ha and was one of the largest estates.

In 1865 the village had 73 inhabitants and five campfire sites, a church, a school and a Peene fishery. At the time, the estate belonged to General Landschaftsrat Woldemar von Heyden on Kartlow. It was managed on site by an inspector.

Around 1897 Groß Toitin received a connection to the small railway, which ran slightly west of the town coming from Jarmen. Like all others in the region, the line was dismantled in 1945 and delivered to the Soviet Union as a reparation payment .

In 1939 Groß Toitin then went to a community of heirs with the tenant Meiering.

In the 1970s, a bypass road for the B 110 was built, so the place was relieved.

In 1995, the towns of Jarmen and Gützkow jointly built a larger wastewater treatment plant northwest of the town.

Little Toitin

Little Toitin was also referred to as Slavic or Wendish Toitin around 1305. In 1515 "Lütken Toitin" belonged to Henning von Parsenow , who also sat on Bentzin . After the family died out, the knightly fiefdom fell to the state, but the state renounced it and sold it to von Heyden.

Klein Toitin had 93 inhabitants in 1865 with five fireplaces. Klein Toitin was demolished between 1835 and 1880 and rebuilt between 1843 and 1846 about 1000 meters further west on the Feldmark . A completely new modern estate with 357 hectares of usable area was created.

Like Groß Toitin, the estate belonged to Woldemar von Heyden auf Kartlow in 1865, but was managed on site by an inspector.

Kronsberg

The place was Vorwerk zum Gut Kartlow and belonged to the von Heyden family. In 1835, Kronsberg was just a sheep farm with a stable building and was only expanded as a complete Vorwerk with an estate including a manor house and a small park until 1865.

In 1865 the place had 96 inhabitants in five residential buildings, including the manager with his family and 14 day labor families. At the time, the owner was General Landschaftsrat Wichert Wilhelm Woldemar von Heyden on Kartlow.

Must be

According to Kneschke and Ledebur, the place was already in the possession of the Lords of Winterfeld at the beginning of the 14th century and probably earlier, who may have brought the place name from their property Müssenthin in the Altmark to Pomerania, which is why the place was also named in the older documents Must be done. Müssentin was later a feudal manor. Then a Hasse von Schulenburg became the owner, Henning von Parsenow followed around 1515. In 1523 it was the von Horn family and then the von Mardefeld family. Until 1793, the von Parsenow family were again owners. In that year the von Heyden family bought the estate, which then also acquired the Feldmark at what would later become Kronsberg in 1836.

In 1865 Müssentin consisted of the aristocratic farm, five farmers, a schoolmaster and a sheep farm on the Feldmark (Kronsberg). It had a school, 12 residential and 10 farm buildings, and a windmill. 142 inhabitants lived there in 28 families, including 12 day laborers with their families.

South of the village there was later a forester's house on the so-called Heyden-Holz, which belonged to the place. The mill farm existed until 1945, but the mill disappeared before the First World War.

After 1990, a large gravel deposit just northwest of the village was used by the Zarrentin gravel works.

Incorporations

Around 1900 the village of Klinkenberg , located southeast of the city, was incorporated into Jarmen. Müssentin has been part of Jarmen since March 23, 1970. Groß Toitin joined on July 1, 1973. On June 13, 2004 Plötz was incorporated.

Population development

year Residents
1990 3510
1995 3234
2000 3180
2005 3457
2010 3202
year Residents
2015 3015
2016 2981
2017 2948
2018 2942
2019 2926

Status: December 31 of the respective year

The increase in the number of inhabitants between 2000 and 2005 is due to the incorporation of Plötz in 2004.

politics

Historic coat of arms of Jarmen 1850
Aerial photo of Jarmen around 2002
Jarmen sugar factory 1900

City council

The Jarmen city council consists of 13 members and the mayor. Since the local elections on May 26, 2019 , it has been composed as follows:

Party / group of voters Seats
Free community of voters 6th
CDU 4th
The left 2
SPD 1

mayor

  • since 1990: Arno Karp (CDU)

Karp was confirmed in office for another nine years in the mayoral election on April 22, 2012 with 65.7 percent of the valid votes.

coat of arms

Jarmen coat of arms
Blazon : “In silver, a red castle with a closed golden gate in the blue-roofed central building with three skylights and two outer blue-roofed dome towers, each with a round arched window, the right dome tower decorated with a golden patriarchal cross and a golden weather vane underneath, the left decorated with a golden Latin cross and a golden weather vane underneath; between the domed towers an erect, golden armored red griffin. "

The coat of arms was redrawn in 2001 by the Schwerin heraldist Heinz Kippnick and registered under the number 130 of the coat of arms of the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.

Justification for the coat of arms: The coat of arms, designed after the seal image of a council seal from 1842, combines an urban symbol, a castle, with a symbol of power, the coat of arms of the Dukes of Pomerania. The latter is intended to illustrate the affiliation of the city to the former Duchy of Pomerania.

flag

The city does not have an officially approved flag .

Official seal

The official seal of the city is the city coat of arms with the inscription "STADT JARMEN".

Town twinning

Since 1997, Susz has been Jarmen's partner municipality in the Powiat Iławski in Poland in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship .

Sights and culture

Buildings

St. Mary's Church in Jarmen
Jarmen Town Hall
  • Neo-Gothic St. Mary's Church , consecrated in 1863; its construction was supported by a donation from Friedrich Wilhelm IV of Prussia. Friedrich August Stüler is said to have revised the building plans. The choir has three windows with remarkable stained glass.
  • Town hall with city chronicle on the gable, built at the beginning of the 19th century and renovated around 1966
  • Triangular old market near the church, represents a contemplative small town ensemble. Until 1967, all traffic of the former F 96 from the Peene Bridge ran through it.
  • Memorial to those who fell in the wars of 1866 and 1870/71 in the middle of the triangular Neuer Markt
  • Waterstraat house on Neuer Markt 5 from 1912 with unmistakable Art Nouveau elements . The HO department store was once here , today the Volksbank is housed in the building.
  • Old rectory with a four-pillar portico on the Neuer Markt, now changed
  • Nursing home in the former rural outpatient clinic. The building was erected in 1923 as the headquarters of the Agricultural Purchasing and Sales Association (LEVV).
  • Oldest fountain in the city, today in the dining room of the hotel zum Brunnen
  • City park with the memorial for the fallen of the First and Second World War and the Motoball Stadium at the western exit of the town towards Demmin
  • Church Plötz , rectangular hall building made of field stone with brick inclusions. The furnishings date from 1841.
  • Groß Toitin Chapel , field stone building in neo-Romanesque forms, built in 1860 instead of an older building

Culture

Since 2016, the "Wasted in Jarmen" music festival with regional and national artists has been taking place regularly in August.

Economy and Infrastructure

Companies

The Jarmen art mill at the harbor, built in 1907, is the last large mill in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania to be in operation. The old harbor storage facilities and the newer grain silos are also located on Peenekai.

One of the most important operations was the sugar factory, which was the city's largest employer for over 100 years. It was closed after 1990 and has been almost completely demolished since then.

From 1897 to 1945 the central workshop and the locomotive shed for the three small railway companies in the Anklam, Greifswald and Demmin districts were also located here. Now only relics are recognizable.

The discounter Aldi Nord operates a large central warehouse in the Jarmen-Ost industrial park and another logistics center next to it. Both use the favorable traffic situation.

traffic

Jarmen Peene Bridge

Jarmen is on the federal road B 110 between Demmin and Anklam and on the state road L 35 between Greifswald and Altentreptow (until 2006: B 96 ), which intersect at Jarmen. The Jarmen motorway junction on the A 20 federal motorway ( Rostock - Neubrandenburg ) is about two km from the city center.

The L 35 and the parallel A 20 ( Peenebrücke Talbrücke ) crossing while the Peenebrücke . Here is the narrowest part of the Peene Valley . This is why this point was chosen for the crossing of the river via the A20. In 1967 a steel bridge was built over the Peene and at the same time the route of the former F 96 was relocated from the city to the east. The bridge had to be renovated several times because the foundation foundation in the peat was not deep enough. That is why the Jarmen Peene Bridge of the L 35 was completely demolished in 2011, removed and rebuilt as a steel arch bridge in 2012 and connected to the old road layout from 1967 with concrete ramps.

Jarmen has no rail connection. The nearest train stations are Greifswald and Züssow on the Angermünde-Stralsund railway line . They are served by the regional express lines RE 3 ( Stralsund –Berlin– Falkenberg (Elster) ) and RE 10 (Stralsund – Züssow). Also ICE - and IC trains stop at both stations.

The Jarmen harbor, which was extensively renovated in 1996, serves primarily as a transhipment point for grain.

Sports

The motoballsport club MSC Jarmen was multiple GDR champions. He plays in the Motoball Bundesliga North.

SV Blau-Weiß 21 Jarmen will play in the Vorpommern-Greifswald regional football league in the 2019/2020 season.

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

Personalities associated with Jarmen

  • Michael Sack (* 1973), politician (CDU), grew up in Groß Toitin

literature

  • Gustav Kratz : The cities of the province of Pomerania - an outline of their history, mostly according to documents . Berlin 1865, pp. 237–239 (full text)
  • Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Duchy of Pomerania and the Principality of Rügen , Part II - Volume I., The districts of Demmin, Anklam, Usedom-Wollin and Ückermünde, Anklam 1868, pp. 36 ff., 102 f.
  • Karina Albrecht : Plötz 1249–1999. History (s) of a community in Western Pomerania. Plötz 1999

music

Web links

Commons : Jarmen  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Statistisches Amt MV - population status of the districts, offices and municipalities 2019 (XLS file) (official population figures in the update of the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. § 12 of the main statute of the city of Jarmen
  3. ^ Ernst Eichler : City name book of the GDR. Leipzig 1988, p. 140.
  4. a b Friedrich Salis : Research on the older history of the diocese of Kammin. In: Society for Pomeranian history and antiquity (ed.): Baltic studies . New volume 26, Léon Saunier's bookstore, Stettin 1924, pp. 148–149.
  5. Pommersches Urkundenbuch, Volume I, 786 - 1253, Cologne and Vienna 1970, No. 519a
  6. ^ Hubertus Neuschäffer: Western Pomerania's castles and mansions . Husum Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft 1993, ISBN 3-88042-636-8 , p. 148.
  7. Hubertus Neuschäffer, Vorpommern Schlösser und Herrenhäuser, Verlag Husum, 1993, p. 74.
  8. Demmin district. In: Municipal directory Germany 1900. Retrieved on February 14, 2015 .
  9. a b Municipalities 1994 and their changes since January 1, 1948 in the new federal states , Metzler-Poeschel publishing house, Stuttgart, 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 , publisher: Federal Statistical Office
  10. ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2004
  11. Population development of the districts and municipalities in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Statistical Report AI of the Statistical Office Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania)
  12. Jump up : CDU loses top position . In: Nordkurier , May 26, 2019.
  13. Arno Karp is the new district council president. In: Ostsee-Zeitung , September 25, 2018.
  14. Karp confirmed as mayor of Jarmen. In: Ostsee-Zeitung , April 22, 2012.
  15. Hans-Heinz Schütt: On shield and flag production office TINUS, Schwerin 2011, ISBN 978-3-9814380-0-0 , p. 285.
  16. Main Statute § 1 (PDF).
  17. Main Statute § 1 (PDF).
  18. ^ Rosenberg - History of the City , East Prussia Cultural Center, Ellingen 2010.
  19. Nordland mills Jarmen. Retrieved April 3, 2017 .
  20. Fine cream fish fillet: Stories from Jarmen (Official Video). Accessed January 31, 2020 .