Mesekenhagen

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 54 ° 9 ′  N , 13 ° 19 ′  E
Basic data
State :	Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
County :	Vorpommern-Greifswald
Office :	Landhagen
Height :	5 m above sea level NHN
Area :	25.52 km 2
Residents:	1054 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	41 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	17498
Area code :	038351
License plate :	VG, ANK, GW, PW, SBG, UEM, WLG
Community key :	13 0 75 091
Community structure:	7 districts
Office administration address:	Theodor-Körner-Strasse 36 17498 Neuenkirchen
Website :	www.mesekenhagen.de
Mayor :	Geert-Christoph Seidlein
Location of the municipality of Mesekenhagen in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district

Mesekenhagen parish hall

View from the church to the Gristower Wiek

Church, churchyard and rectory in Gristow

Gristower Wiek

Mesekenhagen is a municipality in the district of Vorpommern-Greifswald . It is administered by the Landhagen office based in Neuenkirchen . The municipality is the northernmost municipality of the office and the district of Vorpommern-Greifswald. The offshore islands Riems and Koos are exclaves of the city of Greifswald .

Geography and traffic

Mesekenhagen is located around five kilometers northwest of Greifswald, north of the Ryck River . Mesekenhagen is located on the Greifswalder Bodden and extends from the Gristower Wiek to the Kooser See . The federal road 105 , the former B 96, runs through the community from Greifswald to Stralsund. The Federal Motorway 20 can be reached via the Greifswald junction about 15 kilometers away . The Stralsund – Greifswald railway runs through the municipality, but the station on this has already been abandoned.

Districts

Brook Frätow Gristow Gross Karrendorf

Kalkvitz Kowall Mesekenhagen

Desolations and living spaces in the community Klein Karrendorf (residential area) Breseger (desert) Bucowe (desert) Hohenbrock (desert)

Kalenberch (desert) Lieps (desert) Nemelendorp (desert) Wipe (desert)

history

Mesekenhagen

At the beginning of the 14th century, the squire Johann von Slawekestorpe was the owner of the village of Mesekenhagen. In 1325 he sold four of the town's farms to local residents. In the deeds of purchase the place was named as "Mesekenhaghen", which suggests that it is a German clearing foundation. According to Manfred Niemeyer. but the name is a Slavic-German hybrid form, the name part Meseken is difficult to interpret, probably after the Slavonic bear or the middle of the clearing. In 1397 the city of Greifswald received the right to build a new country road to Reinberg via Mesekenhagen.

After the end of the Thirty Years War , Mesekenhagen belonged to Swedish Pomerania from 1648 to 1815 . After the Northern War (1700-1720) Sweden set up a new administrative structure with seven districts, and Mesekenhagen was incorporated into the Grimmen district. When Vorpommern was awarded Prussia by the Congress of Vienna in 1815, the previous structure was adopted by district ordinance of 1816, only the districts were renamed as rural districts.

On November 11, 1863, the Mesekenhagen station was opened two kilometers away with the opening of the Angermünde – Stralsund railway line . It was decommissioned in the 1970s in connection with the renewal of the second track. In 1898 the volunteer fire brigade was founded. In 1910 Mesekenhagen had 265 inhabitants. With the allocation of the so-called “Eisenbahnhaltpunkte” and “Kowall” residences, the number of inhabitants rose to 374, but fell slightly to 363 at the beginning of the Second World War. The former 100 hectare University property Mesekenhagen in Greifswald was sold in 1939 to a private manager.

After the end of the war, 1468 people lived in Mesekenhagen due to the influx of war refugees in 1946, which at that time was in the Soviet occupation zone . In 1950 the municipality of Mesekenhagen was incorporated into the Greifswald district. At the same time, the districts of Brook, Frätow, Gristow, Groß Karrendorf, Kalkwitz, Klein Karrendorf and Kowall were incorporated. In the course of the cooperativeization of agriculture in the GDR , the former Greifswald university estate was converted into the Mesekenhagen agricultural production cooperative in 1952 . In 1964 Mesekenhagen had 1026 inhabitants with its six districts.

Until the political change in 1990 , the community Mesekenhagen was assigned to the GDR district of Rostock . After new federal states had been formed in the area of ​​the GDR in 1990, Mesekenhagen was in the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. In the course of the district reform of 1994 , the municipality of Mesekenhagen was incorporated into the newly formed district of Ostvorpommern . Mesekenhagen had already joined the Landhagen office in 1992, which took over the administrative business for the municipalities involved, and whose headquarters have been in Neuenkirchen since 1999. With the second district reform in 2011 , Mesekenhagen became part of the Vorpommern-Greifswald district. After the LPG was dissolved in 1990, the community changed from a purely agricultural character to a residential area. Only one cattle breeding company continued the agricultural tradition. From 2003 until it moved to Greifswald in 2018, the pharmaceutical company Ceplapharm had its headquarters in Mesekenhagen and at that time was the largest employer in town.

Brook

Brook was first mentioned in a document in 1326 as Duvelsbrueke . Other very different names were also used until the name Brook appeared in 1696. The name means "Devil's Break" because the place on the Greifswalder Bodden lies in a wet meadow environment with a broken forest.

Around 1880 (MTB) there was a small estate in the village and a forester's house a bit out of the way. To the south of Brook there were four archaeologically proven Slavic settlements and to the east on the coast two entrenchments from the 18th century, which were supposed to protect the entrance to Greifswald.

Frätow

Frätow was first mentioned in a document in 1320 as Vretokowe . The current name was first mentioned in 1692, but then also in different spellings. The Slavic founding name means something like "ulcer", but also "spindle". Next to the place there was a late Wendish settlement reaching into early German, which has been archaeologically proven. In 1342 the Pomeranian dukes Bogislav V , Barnim IV and Wratislav V donated the Vretekow estate to the city of Greifswald. During the storm surge of January 17, 1396 part of Frätow was flooded and the Gristower Wiek was created north of the village. During the Thirty Years' War Frätow was completely destroyed during the Wallenstein occupation between 1627 and 1631. During that time, the young Greifswald poet Sibylle Schwarz stayed several times on her father's Frätower estate. She called the estate her "place of joy" and dedicated many poems and a tragedy to it. In 1678 Frätow was again devastated by acts of war, the agricultural areas had to be cultivated from Karrendorf. In the 19th century the manor district of Frätow consisted of the manor, three cottages and the Lieps Dutch factory . In 1851 a dike was built to protect against storm surges, but it could not withstand the storms of 1872 and 1874. A new dike was not built until 1910. At the end of the 19th century a new manor house was built, formerly a two-storey, massive eaves house with pilasters and a main cornice decorated with a tooth cut . It has a half- hip roof with interlocking tile roofing . Later, the part with the utility rooms and the veranda was demolished, the entrance area with bay protrusion, arched lattice windows and the staircase at the rear were significantly changed. After 192 inhabitants had been determined for the Frätow manor district in 1910, the city of Greifswald sold the estate in 1911 to enable settlement. As a result, the number of inhabitants rose to 213 by 1939. After the end of the Second World War, the manor park was cleared and built over with new farmers. From 1953 the agricultural areas were cultivated by the LPG Mesekenhagen, from 1960 the place was fully cooperative. In 1964 Kurt Tetzlaff shot a film in the Frätow district about young workers in oil production with Manfred Krug as the spokesman. The film was never shown in the GDR. The Frätow pumping station was built in 1984 to further expand flood protection. After the reunification, Frätow lost its agricultural character and developed into a holiday home area.

Gristow and the Gristower Wiek

The district Gristow was first mentioned as Cristogh in 1248 . His name could not be etymologically clarified until today whether the Slavonic meant "cross" or "baptism". Gristow emerged as a small Slavic village and had been in the possession of a sideline of the princes of Rügen , the von Gristow family , since the 13th century . In the 14th century, these country nobles gradually sold their lands to the city of Greifswald.

The name Gristower Wiek , a small, shallow bay on the west coast of the Greifswald Bodden , is also derived from the village . The triangular bay is only 2.7 km² in size and has depths of less than two meters to a maximum of four meters. In front of it are the island of Riems , which became internationally known through the research center for animal diseases "Friedrich Loeffler" located on it , and the nearby Holme Großer Werder , Kleiner Werder , Reffbrinks , Brinkenberg and the Fahrenbrink, which is already connected to the mainland, as bird sanctuaries .

This section of the flat lagoon coast with the Gristower Wiek has been exposed to storm floods for centuries . The storm surges in 1298 and 1306 are said to have created the Wiek in its present form. At that time, the old country road between Stralsund and Greifswald was impassable due to the flooding and the customs collection point at the bridge there was also destroyed. In the following year (1397) the city of Greifswald was granted the right by the sovereign to build a new country road via Mesekenhagen and Kowall to Reinberg . This section of the road thus became one of the historical forerunners of the later part of the long-distance or federal road 96 . Storm floods repeatedly changed the inner part of the Wiek due to destruction. B. in the years 1904, 1914, 1949 and 1954, whereby the coastal dynamic processes are not completed. In the western section of the coast of Greifswald Bodden including the Gristower Wiek, special weather phenomena are important and must be observed:

“Most of the time the storms blow ... from the south to the west and, especially in the western Bodden, create a North Sea-like mudflat for hours or days with up to 1 m ... below sea level . If they come from north to east, the water level rises and storm surges are the result. Especially the exposed, flat coastal sections in the southwest of the Bodden are then flooded by the Baltic Sea "

- R. Bendt 1995, p. 4

In Gristow, agriculture and fishing have been an important source of income for the population since the beginning. In 1955, the Greifswald district council therefore planned a port, which was completed in 1957 using anchored wooden sheet pile walls . However, the execution was inadequate, so that the municipality had to have a second, upstream wall installed after a short time. The edges were attached with natural stone and concrete. In 2015, the bulwark was renovated again, in which the community drew a back-anchored steel sheet pile wall. The port is managed by Hafenverein Gristow eV. The old Pomeranian custom of the annual barrel cutting in May or on Thanksgiving has been preserved there until recently , with the three best riders being crowned “floor, rod and barrel kings”. This custom is said to date back to the Thirty Years War (1618–1648), when the Swedes occupied Pomerania and the local fishermen had to pay their tribute in this form.

The community Gristow was divided on July 1, 1950. The island of Riems became an independent municipality. The place Gristow came to Mesekenhagen.

Kalkvitz

Kalkvitz was first mentioned in a document in 1229 as Virtiz Calicowiz . In 1313 the name Kalkeviz appeared, similar to the current name . The name of Slavic origin is interpreted as "swamp". [2] West of Kalkvitz there are four archaeologically proven Slavic settlements, which also prove the early Slavic settlement. In 1375 the village, together with the island of Riems and other areas, came from the Lords of Dotenberg to the city of Greifswald and was run as a municipal estate. In the 17th century Kalkvitz had the character of a fishermen's village that was laid out in the form of a sack village. The residents were Kossa , who went fishing in addition to the small farm . At the end of the 17th century, five families lived there, each cultivating four acres of fields. Two courtyards were in desolation at that time. By the middle of the 18th century, the number of kossas had dwindled to three, each of which now farmed seven acres. From 1811 on, the Kossäts were hereditary tenants, and in 1850 they became owners of their farms. Since Kalkwitz is located directly on the Greifswalder Bodden, the place has always been exposed to flooding. The Gristow-Kalkvitz flood dike was not built until 1902. At the 1910 census, Kalkvitz was still an estate district with 30 residents. In the mid-1950s, a boiler house for the Riemser Ort housing estate was built on the northeast bank of the local area. After the reunification, the population of Kalkvitz increased steadily. In Kalkvitz there is a large allotment garden that is larger than the actual town center. For years there have been conflicts with garden users, many of whom have converted their plots into recreational properties.

Karrendorf

The distinction between large and small Karrendorf was made after the Second World War, when a settlement for new farmers was built 1.5 km west of the old village , which was given the place name Klein Karrendorf. When Karrendorf is mentioned in the following, what was later known as Groß Karrendorf is meant until 1945.

Groß Karrendorf was first mentioned in 1301 as de Kerndorp. In 1313 the place name was transferred to Karrendorf. At that time the village belonged to the Slawestorpe family. Karrendorf later became the property of the Slavic Principality of Rügen . On October 28, 1322 Wizlaw III. von Rügen the Karrendorf estate as a foundation for the Greifswald hospitals of the Holy Spirit and St. Georg. In Karrendorf agriculture was always practiced, four farmers and eight kossats were given for 1670. In 1788 six farmers leased their farms from the city of Greifswald, which in the meantime administered the hospital assets. In 1805 the Karrendorfer schoolhouse was built. Presumably as a result of arson, several farms burned down, so that in 1828 only four large farms were left. According to the 1910 census, the Karrendorf manor district had 103 inhabitants. In 1934, the city of Greifswald signed an exchange contract with Greifswald University, with which Karrendorf went to the university in exchange for Ladebow .

As part of the land reform, the estate was dissolved in 1945 and the agricultural land was given to new farmers. The demolition material from the Brook manor was also used to build the new courtyards. The resulting new settlement was called Klein Karrendorf, while the old village was called Groß Karrendorf in future. Since Karrendorf has always been at risk of flooding, the flood protection system "Ryck-Ziese Karrendorf pumping station" was built east of Groß Karrendorf in 1959 and the 3000 m long dike Leist I - Karrendorf was renewed in 1966. In 1970 a dam was built to the neighboring island of Koos, which was replaced by a bridge after the fall of the Wall.

Kowall

Kowall was mentioned in a document in 1325 as "Dancwarde de Kowal". The name Kowall comes from Old Slavonic and means something like forge. A Yugoslav castle wall, the guardsman, is located approx. 1600 m west of Kowall. When a flood destroyed Gristow in 1396, Kowall temporarily became a customs post on the Greifswald - Stralsund trade route. After the virological research institute was founded on the island of Riems in 1910, a quarantine stable was built for the institute in Kowall. The 1910 census found 99 residents in the Kowall Manor. In 1944, a Junkers 88 launched in Ladebow for a training flight crashed into a piece of bog near Kowall and sank with three crew members. The aircraft was not discovered until 1978 during renovation work, but was not recovered. The site was declared a ground monument

Breseger (desert)

Breseger was first mentioned in a document as bresegher in 1356. The name means something like "Birkenberg" in Slavic usage. In 1582 it was last named as Breßegere . After that it was desolate. The exact position of the desert has not yet been determined, the documents only indicate the location near Mesekenhagen and Kowall.

Bucowe (desert)

The place near Gristow in the municipality of Mesekenhagen was mentioned in a document in 1313 in villa Bucowe . The place became desolate soon after. Only the field name "Bukowberg" mentioned on property maps refers to the desert town.

Lieps (desert)

North-east of Frätow was a small place, which was mentioned in a document in 1335 with Lypeze , the Slavic name means linden tree . This place in Lieps was destroyed around 1630 except for a farm and after 1821 it was completely desolate. The field mark fell to Frätow, today only a field name testifies to the place.

Hohenbrock (desert)

Around 1835, halfway between Mesekenhagen and Karrendorf, there was a small residential area called Hohenbrock . Until 1880, according to MTB, it fell again desolate. There was a post mill there, which was probably the reason for this settlement. It may have burned down, as so often, and not been rebuilt, making the settlement superfluous.

Kalenberch (desert)

Kalenberch was first mentioned in a document as Kalemberghe in 1313 . The place was mentioned several times until 1383. In 1351 catenary sites are described and from 1381 to 1383 the city of Greifswald acquired ownership of the Feldmark there. The village fell desolate. It can only be localized by the field name “Kalenberg” in the old property maps.

Archaeologically, several late Slavic settlement areas have been found west of Kalkvitz, with which the Kalenberch desert could be connected.

Nemelendorp (desert)

Nemelendorp was first mentioned in a document in 1342 according to the PUB. The location cannot yet be determined exactly. It is said to have been near a cemetery in Mesekenhagen. The name interpretation goes back to the Slavic syllable "Nemil" = "not dear".

Wipe (desert)

The place was first mentioned in 1697 as "Wisch". Later it is called "Wipe". It was a farm in the parish of Gristow, which belonged to Greifswald and fell desolate in 1782. Wische means “the meadow” in Low German.

politics

Coat of arms, flag, official seal

The municipality has no officially approved national emblem, neither a coat of arms nor a flag . The official seal is the small state seal with the coat of arms of the region of Western Pomerania . It shows an upright griffin with a raised tail and the inscription "GEMEINDE MESEKENHAGEN * LANDKREIS VORPOMMERN-GREIFSWALD".

Attractions

See also : List of architectural monuments in Mesekenhagen

• Gristow Church from the 14th century, with school and rectory
• Lagoon coast
• Gristow nature adventure park
• Karrendorfer Wiesen / Koos Island, bird sanctuary

Sons and daughters of the church

• Rudolf Asmis (1879–1945), German lawyer and diplomat
• Walter Asmis (1880–1954), German association official

literature

• Greifswald and its surroundings (= values ​​of the German homeland . Volume 14). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1968. DNB 456799842 .
• Lutz Mohr : Between Danish and Gristower Wiek. The Greifswald suburb of Wieck, the Great Stubber and the Greifswalder Bodden in the past and present . ( Neue Greifswalder Museumhefte , No. 4). Greifswald 1978, DNB 790676729 .
• R. Bendt: Between the island of Riems and the seaside resort of Lubmin. A regional study of the southern Greifswald Bodden. Published by the Environment Agency of the Hanseatic City of Greifswald. Greifswald around 1995, OCLC 255479842 .
• Manfred Niemeyer: East Western Pomerania. Collection of sources and literature on place names . Vol. 2: Mainland. (= Greifswald Contributions to Place Nomenclature, Vol. 2). Ernst Moritz Arndt University Greifswald, Institute for Slavic Studies, Greifswald 2001, ISBN 3-86006-149-6 , pp. 71, 82, 89.

Web links

Commons : Mesekenhagen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Mesekenhagen municipality on the Landhagen office website
• Mesekenhagen municipality

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Statistisches Amt MV - population status of the districts, offices and municipalities 2019 (XLS file) (official population figures in the update of the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l} Manfred Niemeyer: Ostvorpommern . Collection of sources and literature on place names. Vol. 2: Mainland. (= Greifswald contributions to toponymy. Vol. 2), Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University of Greifswald, Institute for Slavic Studies, Greifswald 2001, ISBN 3-86006-149-6 . P. 14 ff
3. ↑ Information board : On the history of the Gristow harbor , set up at the Gristow harbor , inspection in July 2015.
4. ^ The property of the city of Greifswald, Werner Herde, 1921
5. ^ Ostseezeitung from November 25, 1916: dispute over allotment gardens
6. ^ German biography: Wizlaw III., Prince of Rügen
7. ↑ Ostseezeitung from April 10, 2014: Dead pilots have been lying in the bog for 70 years
8. ↑ Main Statute, Section 1, Paragraph 1 (PDF).