Rankwitz

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 53 ° 57 '  N , 13 ° 56'  E
Basic data
State :	Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
County :	Vorpommern-Greifswald
Office :	Usedom-South
Height :	2 m above sea level NHN
Area :	30.72 km 2
Residents:	571 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	19 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	17406
Area code :	038372
License plate :	VG, ANK, GW, PW, SBG, UEM, WLG
Community key :	13 0 75 114
Community structure:	8 districts
Office administration address:	Markt 1 17406 Usedom
Mayor :	Arno Volkwardt
Location of the community Rankwitz in the district of Vorpommern-Greifswald

Rankwitz is a municipality in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Germany). It is administered by the Usedom-Süd office based in the city of Usedom .

geography

The municipality of Rankwitz encompasses the entire Lieper Winkel peninsula between Achterwasser and Peenestrom, as well as a strip south of the peninsula that extends to the Usedomer city forest in the southwest of the island of Usedom . The districts of Krienke , located in the geographical border area of ​​the Lieper Winkel, and Suckow , about three kilometers to the south, can no longer be assigned to the Lieper Winkel. The small town of Usedom is about 15 km from Rankwitz.

Community structure

Grüssow Krienke Liepe Quilitz

Rankwitz Reestow Suckow Warta

Desolations and living spaces Lakenberg (living space) Lichow (desert) Rankwitz harbor (residential area) Redomi (desert)

history

After the administrative reform in 1815, Rankwitz came to the Prussian province of Pomerania and belonged to the district of Usedom-Wollin from 1818 to 1945 . From 1945 to 1952, the municipality, with the part of the district of Usedom-Wollin that remained in Germany after the Second World War , formed the district of Usedom in the state of Mecklenburg . This was in 1952 in the district of Wolgast in District Rostock on.

The community has belonged to the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania since 1990. Since 1994 Rankwitz has belonged to the district of Ostvorpommern , which was added to the district of Vorpommern-Greifswald in 2011.

Grüssow

Grüssow was first mentioned in 1310 as "Gurssow". The Slavic name is interpreted as "burn" or "hot".

Grüssow is a small fishing and farming village on the Lieper Winkel on the banks of the Achterwasser. On July 1, 1990, Grüssow was incorporated into Liepe .

Krienke

The place was first mentioned in a document in 1270 under the Slavic name “Crinisitz”.

→ Main article : Krienke

Liepe

Liepe was first mentioned in a document in 1187 as Lipa. The name is interpreted as "linden tree".

→ Main article : Liepe

Quilitz

Quilitz was first mentioned as "Quyltze" in 1317. This document was subsequently recognized as fake, like so many documents from the Pudagla monastery.

A mention from 1421 with the name "Quiltze" is to be regarded as the really first documented mention. This Slavic name is interpreted as a lamentation.

On July 1, 1950 Quilitz was incorporated.

→ Main article : Quilitz

Reestow

Reestow was first mentioned in 1270 as "Redesowe". The name is interpreted as a development from a personal name. On July 1, 1990 Reestow was incorporated into Liepe .

→ Main article : Reestow

Suckow

→ Main article : Suckow

Warta

→ Main article : Warta

Rankwitz

The place was mentioned in a document in 1317 as "Rankevytz". In it, Duke Wartislaw IV is said to have given the Pudagla monastery general confirmation. The place belonged to the Premonstratensian Canons of Pudagla , who lived in the Grobe monastery near Usedom (town) before 1309 . This document was subsequently recognized as fake, like so many documents from the monastery.

A mention from 1421 with the name "Rankeuitze" is to be regarded as the really first documentary mention.

Rankwitz was a farming and fishing village and in shape it was a rural village. It has kept the shape of the latter to this day.

Besides, there are only a few medieval sources. Rankwitz shares the history of the region under the Pomeranian dukes and under the Swedes after the Thirty Years War . An inventory of the population in Rankwitz in 1666 only counts three heads of household, two farmers and one kötter .

The Swedish survey of 1693 mentions a mayor who was now head of the community and reports on the difficult conditions for farmers to feed their families on the poorest soil in the entire Lieper Winkel as the population grows and at the same time to bear a high tax burden. In 1711, the Swedish government pledged a farm to the widow Sophie Juliane von Borcke at Krienke Castle ; the proceeds will be used to finance the Second Northern War ( Great Northern War 1700–1721).

After the Treaty of Stockholm on February 1, 1720, Rankwitz, like all of Usedom, fell to Prussia . The only street (cobblestone street) that was built through the Lieper Winkel in 1896–98 includes Rankwitz.

Before 1880 Rankwitz had two Dutch windmills, one north and one south of the town. The northern one was still in operation in 1920.

Today the focus is on tourism with holiday apartments and gastronomy.

Housing areas and desertification

Lakenberg (living space)

Lakenberg was first mentioned under the name in 1925.

Lichow (desert)

Lichow was first mentioned in 1241 as Lichou and 1251 as Lichow. The Slavic name is interpreted as "bad" or "wretched". The place can no longer be localized, it was only mentioned that it was in Lieper Winkel.

Rankwitz harbor (residential area)

Although this residential area was already on the maps in 1880 and already had a landing stage, the place with the name "Rankwitz-Hafen" was only listed in the TK 10 maps of the GDR and in the current maps after 1945. The port was modernized after 1990 and serves as a marina, but fishing is also still active, with a small fish processing facility in the port area.

Redomi (desert)

Redomi was first mentioned by the name in a document in 1261. According to this document, Duke Barnim I sells the village of Redomi and the adjacent fields to the Grobe monastery for 120 marks. After not being mentioned after 1267, it was assumed to be part of Dewichow in 1319. The name is interpreted as a derivation from a personal name.

politics

coat of arms

Blazon : “Under a blue shield head, in it a silver fish; in silver over a green angular shield base, in it a silver linden leaf, a brown cart plow with a black draw hook, black hub and black bill. " The coat of arms was designed by Jens Kuhle from Reestower . It was approved on March 25, 1992 by the Ministry of the Interior and registered under No. 15 of the coat of arms of the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.

Justification of the coat of arms: In the coat of arms, the angle shield base and the linden leaf in it are supposed to create a visual reference to the Lieper Winkel (lipa = linden tree). With the fish and the cart plow, the main occupations of the inhabitants, fishing and agriculture, are symbolized. The tinging of the cart plow in brown does not correspond to the heraldic design principles.

flag

The municipality does not have an officially approved flag .

Official seal

The official seal shows the municipal coat of arms with the inscription "GEMEINDE RANKWITZ * LANDKREIS VORPOMMERN-GREIFSWALD".

economy

During the GDR era, an LPG was founded in Rankwitz , the Rankwitz harbor was built around 800 meters south of the town center in 1951 and the fish production cooperative “20. Anniversary of the GDR ”for carp and trout farming. In 1980, together with the VEB Fischwirtschaft Rostock, the ZBE Feinfischproduktion Rankwitz was founded, which was merged into the VEB Fischfang Saßnitz in 1987 . The fine fish production employed almost 40 people and produced table trout until 1990. This part was then privatized and has continued to exist under the name Usedomer Feinfisch GmbH to date.

In the mid-1990s the harbor was renovated and turned into a resting place for water hikers . Usedomer Feinfisch began producing smoked fish in 1992 and increasingly developed gastronomic activities. From the year 2000, more and more holiday homes and apartments were built, making tourism the most important pillar of the region.

Attractions

→ See: List of architectural monuments in Rankwitz

in Rankwitz

• The “Heimathof Lieper Winkel” museum includes over 2000 authentic exhibits from the main historical occupations of fishing, agriculture and forestry, traditional tools from home, farm and handicrafts, as well as images and documents from almost 250 years. The exhibits were made available to the museum by families from all parts of the community. Open three days a week from May to October and by appointment from November to April.
• The thoroughfare, designed here as an avenue, goes through the town center . There are two restaurants, one of which is in the premises of a former carpentry that is documented in 1920.
• The port is the main tourist attraction for day-trippers. At the beginning of the 21st century only a few fishing trawlers left; above all, sailboats used by holidaymakers moor. In front of the Fischerquai there is a meadow with a rest area and a fish snack stand, a fish smokehouse and a fish restaurant.
• At 18 m, the Jungfernberg is the highest "mountain" in the Lieper Winkel. According to a Pomeranian folklore, four virgins are buried under him, who were punished by God for their Sunday dancing instead of going to church. The hill is a popular vantage point over the Peene River .

in the districts

• Between Suckow and Krienke there is an at least 700 year old oak base on a burial mound from the Bronze Age .
• The swampy landscape with a dense belt of reed beds on Lake Krienker is rarely visited because it is difficult to access .
• Quilitz is a historic fishing village in the west of the peninsula on the Peenestrom .
• The St. Johannis Church in Liepe is the oldest documented location of a church on the island of Usedom (1216).
• Grüssow is a settlement consisting of only a few houses in the northeast of the Lieper Winkel on the Achterwasser , which can only be reached via a concrete slab path from Liepe. It was mentioned in a document in 1310 as Gurssow owned by the Pudagla monastery . In 1541 Grüssow was the largest village community in Lieper Winkel with nine farmers and five köttern . Even after the population decline in the Thirty Years' War , the Swedish inventory of 1693 still counted 15 families who were resident, half-farmer, tailor and cowherd by profession; a mayor presided over the community. Today, however, along with Reestow and Quilitz, it is one of the smallest places on the peninsula. In 2005 there is a holiday home colony consisting of a few log cabins for guests looking for peace and quiet. The marshland in the extreme northeast of the peninsula with dense bank reed beds, which is only accessible by boat, is called Grüssower Ort . A hiking trail south of Grüssow (about three to four kilometers) leads through swamps and dense forests to the Kreuzer Ort and the northern areas of the Krienker See.
• Reestow is a hamlet consisting of a few houses, some of which are protected by hedges, in the interior of the Lieper Winkel peninsula. Concrete slab paths connect it with Liepe , Grüssow and a small swimming area on the north bank of the peninsula on the Achterwasser . In 1270 it was mentioned in a document as Redesowe owned by Grobe Monastery (from 1309 Pudagla ). The inventory of 1666 mentions only three heads of household, two farmers and one kötter . The Swedish registration list of 1693 lists five names (a full farmer, two half-farmers, a cowherd and a kötter). Since 2005, there is a small cottage colony with thatch homes, sports facilities and restaurants. White stork and sea ​​eagle are reported to be seen more frequently.
• Warthe has a restored historic town center and a fisherman's beach on the backwater .

Transport links

The only connection to Rankwitz and the Lieper Winkel peninsula is the country road to federal highway 110 ( Anklam - Heringsdorf ), which runs about five kilometers to the south . The closest access to the national train service to Berlin and Stralsund is at the Anklam train station , which is around 30 kilometers away .

Sons and daughters of the church

• Stephan Tanneberger (1935–2018), doctor

Web links

Commons : Rankwitz  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Rankwitz community

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Statistisches Amt MV - population status of the districts, offices and municipalities 2019 (XLS file) (official population figures in the update of the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i} Manfred Niemeyer: Ostvorpommern. Collection of sources and literature on place names. Volume 1: Usedom. (= Greifswald contributions to place name studies. Volume 1). Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Institute for Slavic Studies, Greifswald 2001, ISBN 3-86006-148-8 , p. 19 ff.
3. ↑ Hans-Heinz Schütt: On shield and flag production office TINUS, Schwerin 2011, ISBN 978-3-9814380-0-0 , p. 371/372.
4. ↑ ^{a b} main statute § 1 (PDF).