Lieper Winkel
The Lieper Winkel is a peninsula belonging to the island of Usedom . It is located between Achterwasser and Peenestrom . The peninsula belongs to the Rankwitz municipality , which includes eight villages. The community consists of the core town of Rankwitz with a harbor, plus Grüssow , Krienke , Quilitz , Reestow , Suckow , Warthe and the eponymous town of Liepe .
Krienke is located on the southern edge of the Lieper Winkel. Suckow, three kilometers to the south, no longer belongs to the peninsula in a geographical sense. Opposite on the mainland side is the Lassaner Winkel .
history
The Lieper Winkel peninsula was settled early on. Before the Christianization of Usedom by Otto von Bamberg from 1128, Slavs were resident on the entire island, as the place names documented in the earliest documents attest. It is believed that they belonged to the Liutizen tribe . The Lieper Winkel was first mentioned in a document in 1187 . Anastasia, the widow of the Duke of Pomerania Bogislaw I. donated by the act of the area with its village (lat. Villulae ) the in the city of Usedom located Norbertine - Usedom Abbey .
However, it took more than a century for this donation to be implemented across the peninsula. In 1275 there was talk of impenetrable forests that the canons had to clear for development. The first church is noted for 1216 in Liepe. All other villages in the current Rankwitz community are only mentioned in later years. In 1309, when the monastery moved to Pudagla , other names are documented.
The towns of Krienke and Suckow, which belong to the Kammin Monastery ( Kamień Pomorski ) on the mainland, are located south of the peninsula and were transferred to Grobe Monastery in 1270 through an exchange act initiated by Duke Barnim I of Pomerania .
From 1534 the Reformation was introduced in Pomerania, the monastery Pudagla like all other monasteries on the island were abolished and converted into ducal offices. Under Philip I of Pommern-Wolgast , the first count of the heads of households in the villages of the Lieper Winkel took place in 1541. 51 farmers and kotters were named, with an average of six to ten people per household. With 14 names, Grüssow was the largest village community, but is now one of the three smallest.
During the Thirty Years War , the Lieper Winkel was plundered several times and also plagued. After the end of the war, a preliminary inventory in 1666 determined a population decrease to 33 families. The systematic survey of the land carried out by the Swedish authorities in 1693, with 57 families registered, almost again documented the pre-war situation.
After the Second Northern War ( Great Northern War ) in 1720, Lieper Winkel, like all of Usedom, fell to Prussia . The Prussian tax authorities carried out comprehensive censuses for the individual villages every six years. The names from the Swedish records were corrected and the lower classes of the population ( servants ) were recorded. A locally active research group is still busy evaluating these files in collaboration with a homeland association and has already published the first results. As a result, almost 1200 inhabitants were reached in the mid-19th century, the highest number on the peninsula. From a comparison of different data it can be concluded that few families with many children lived in the villages. Most of the children died at a young age.
The two world wars and emigration to urban areas resulted in a population decline of almost 50%. As of June 30, 2005, the current (overall) community of Rankwitz still has 656 people.
Until the middle of the 19th century, the Lieper Winkel was the only uniform area on the island of Usedom with a traditional costume . Medieval traditions have been around for a long time. At the Municipal Museum coffee grinder from Wolgast yet a complete women's costume is on display, which was found in 1948 in an attic in Warta.
Until the fall of the Berlin Wall, there were (especially) organized holiday accommodations. Since then tourism has slowly been developing. The character of the peninsula remained rural and close to nature, so the area is preferred by guests who are looking for this character.
Transport links
There was no road through this remote area until the end of the 19th century. Because of the large swamp area , the villages could only be reached by water. From 1896 to 1898 the main road, designed as an avenue, was built, which includes Suckow, Krienke, the core town and port of the municipality of Rankwitz and Liepe and ends in Warthe. This road goes from the federal highway 110 to the north. The other villages could only be reached via concrete slab paths until 2006; these connecting roads have since been expanded as solid roads.
tourism
The entire Lieper Winkel is not yet actively involved in the organized tourism of the seaside resorts of Usedom. The region relies on individual visitors who are looking for peace and quiet. The peninsula can be explored by bike, on foot or by boat. Some villages have been upgraded with renovated, thatched-roof houses since the fall of the Wall , colored facades and flower gardens reinforce the friendly impression.
Typical for the region are the waiting shelters at the bus stops in half-timbered buildings with thatched roofs. Small shops and several restaurants are suitable for day-trippers from the seaside resorts. There are also a large number of holiday homes owned by private landlords and commercial holiday properties.
The historical main occupations of fishing, agriculture and forestry as well as traditional rural life in Lieper Winkel are presented in the museum "Heimathof Lieper Winkel" in Rankwitz with a comprehensive collection of authentic equipment, pictures and documents.
literature
André Leichsenring: The official villages of the Lieper angle and their residents around 1738. In: Hans Warnke (Hrsg.): The Lieper angle on Usedom. Usedom-Wolliner Blätter 6, Störr-Verlag, Ostklüne 2004, ISBN 3-937040-09-9 .
See also
Web links
Individual proof
- ↑ Marlis Heinz: Peninsula near Usedom: Holiday home with fish flat rate on: Spiegel Online from April 27, 2013.
Coordinates: 53 ° 58 ' N , 13 ° 56' E