Wartislaw I.
Wartislaw I (* around 1100 ; † before 1148 in Stolpe ) was a prince in Pomerania . He is considered to be the progenitor of the Griffin dynasty and founder of the Pomeranian ducal house . He significantly promoted the introduction of Christianity in Pomerania.
Life
Nothing is known about the origin of Wartislaw. According to one conjecture, he could have been the son of Suatopolk (Swantopolk), known as the "Oderherzog" ( Latin dux Odrensis ) . Around 1112/1113 he had to send his eldest son to the Polish court as a hostage . An alleged Saxon captivity of Wartislaw is not proven.
In 1121/1122 the Polish Duke Bolesław III conquered . Schiefmund the estuary of the Oder and the city of Stettin . He forced Wartislaw to submit to Polish sovereignty, which included annual tribute payments and armed support in the war. Furthermore, Bolesław III conquered. an area of the Lutizen west of the Oder . As Bolesław III. withdrew there again, Wartislaw took over the rule in this area.
Wartislaw had to commit himself to the Christianization of Pomerania. When this made no progress, the Bishop Otto von Bamberg undertook at the request of Bolesław III. and supported by Wartislaw a missionary trip through eastern Pomerania in 1124 and a second one in 1128, this time under the protection of King Lothar of Supplinburg and Margrave Albrecht the Bear , to the former Lutizen area and the lower Oder region. In the presence of Otto and Wartislaw, the nobles of the state of Pentecost decided in 1128 at a state parliament in Usedom to adopt Christianity.
It succeeded Wartislaw, since 1135 by the recognition of the feudal sovereignty of Lothar III. over Pomerania by Bolesław III. After vasall of the emperor, to take advantage of the not clearly regulated legal position of his territory, the western part of which was subject to the Count of Nordmark and his eastern Poles, and to consolidate and expand his rule.
According to various sources, Wartislaw died between 1135 and 1148. He is said to have been slain near Stolpe (Peene) , where a pagan place of worship was possibly located, by a turn that opposed Christianization. His brother Ratibor later donated a church at the place where Wartislaw was probably buried, and in 1153 the Stolpe Monastery with Wartislaw's sons .
Wartislaw I was married twice. His first wife was named Heila, her connection to the Welfenhaus is not documented. His second wife Ida was allegedly a Danish princess and is believed to be the mother of his sons Bogislaw I and Casimir I , who were probably born after 1124. His brother Ratibor, founder of the sideline of the Ratiboriden , took over the guardianship of the children after Wartislaw's death.
Commemoration
The Wartislawstein on Bundesstraße 110 near the Stolper district of Grüttow is intended as a mark of atonement to commemorate the alleged location of Wartislaw's murder. Over the centuries, the stone, which is also interpreted as a border mark between ducal and monastic property, has been moved to another location several times.
In Stolpe, the Wartislaw Memorial Church was inaugurated in 1893 , which was built in place of the old, destroyed monastery church based on plans by the church builder Theodor Prüfer . There are two memorial plaques in the entrance area of the church. One of them is dedicated to the church consecration in 1893, the other commemorates the first Christian Pomeranian Duke Wartislaw I, known as the Confessor . It bears the following inscription: "The first Christian Pomeranian Duke Wartislaw I was murdered for his faith in Stolpe an der Peene 1136".
literature
- Gottfried von Bulow : Wartislaw I . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 41, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1896, pp. 207-209.
- Lutz Mohr : What the "Wartislaw stone" between Stolpe and Grüttow in East Western Pomerania tells. Stone Cross Research (SKF). Studies on German and international land monument research. Row B (anthologies). Edited by Rainer H. Schmeissner. Anthology No. 23 (NF 8). Regensburg 1996, pp. 85-89.
- Dirk Schleinert : Pomeranian dukes. Portrait of the griffins. Hinstorff, Rostock 2012, ISBN 978-3-356-01479-2 , pp. 35-36.
- Roderich Schmidt : The historical Pomerania. People - places - events. 2nd edition, Böhlau, Cologne 2009, ISBN 978-3-412-20436-5 , pp. 48-61. ( Google Books ).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Roderich Schmidt: The historical Pomerania. Cologne 2009, p. 52 ( Google Books ).
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Wartislaw I. |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Prince in Pomerania |
| DATE OF BIRTH | around 1100 |
| DATE OF DEATH | before 1148 |
| Place of death | Stumble |