Krakow am See

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Krakow am See
Krakow am See
Map of Germany, location of the city of Krakow am See highlighted

Coordinates: 53 ° 39 ′  N , 12 ° 16 ′  E

Basic data
State : Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
County : Rostock
Office : Krakow am See
Height : 50 m above sea level NHN
Area : 87.17 km 2
Residents: 3426 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 39 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 18292
Area code : 038457
License plate : LRO, BÜZ, DBR, GÜ, ROS, TET
Community key : 13 0 72 056

City administration address :
Markt 2
18292 Krakow am See
Website : www.krakow-am-see.de
Mayor : Jörg Oppitz
Location of the city of Krakow am See in the Rostock district
Rostock Schwerin Landkreis Mecklenburgische Seenplatte Landkreis Vorpommern-Rügen Landkreis Nordwestmecklenburg Landkreis Nordwestmecklenburg Landkreis Ludwigslust-Parchim Admannshagen-Bargeshagen Bartenshagen-Parkentin Börgerende-Rethwisch Hohenfelde (Mecklenburg) Nienhagen (Landkreis Rostock) Reddelich Retschow Steffenshagen Wittenbeck Baumgarten (Warnow) Bernitt Bützow Dreetz (Mecklenburg) Jürgenshagen Klein Belitz Penzin Rühn Steinhagen (Mecklenburg) Tarnow (Mecklenburg) Warnow (bei Bützow) Zepelin Broderstorf Blankenhagen Poppendorf (Mecklenburg) Roggentin (bei Rostock) Broderstorf Thulendorf Altkalen Behren-Lübchin Finkenthal Gnoien Walkendorf Behren-Lübchin Glasewitz Groß Schwiesow Gülzow-Prüzen Gutow Klein Upahl Kuhs Lohmen (Mecklenburg) Lüssow (Mecklenburg) Mistorf Mühl Rosin Plaaz Reimershagen Sarmstorf Dolgen am See Hohen Sprenz Laage Wardow Dobbin-Linstow Hoppenrade Krakow am See Kuchelmiß Lalendorf Lalendorf Alt Sührkow Dahmen Dalkendorf Groß Roge Groß Wokern Groß Wüstenfelde Hohen Demzin Jördenstorf Lelkendorf Prebberede Schorssow Schwasdorf Sukow-Levitzow Thürkow Warnkenhagen Alt Bukow Am Salzhaff Bastorf Bastorf Biendorf (Mecklenburg) Carinerland Rerik Bentwisch Blankenhagen Gelbensande Mönchhagen Rövershagen Benitz Bröbberow Kassow Rukieten Schwaan Vorbeck Wiendorf (Mecklenburg) Cammin (bei Rostock) Gnewitz Grammow Nustrow Selpin Stubbendorf (bei Tessin) Tessin (bei Rostock) Thelkow Zarnewanz Elmenhorst/Lichtenhagen Kritzmow Lambrechtshagen Papendorf (Warnow) Pölchow Stäbelow Ziesendorf Bad Doberan Dummerstorf Graal-Müritz Güstrow Kröpelin Kühlungsborn Neubukow Sanitz Satow Teterowmap
About this picture

Krakow am See is a city in the south of the Rostock district in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania . It is the seat of the Krakow am See office , to which four other municipalities belong. Krakow has been a state-approved climatic health resort since 2000 . Krakow forms a basic center for its surroundings .

geography

Geographical location

The city is located north of the Mecklenburg Lake District on the north-west bank of the heavily indented, bay and island-rich Krakow Lake , around 80% of which is part of the urban area. The southern part of the Krakower See and other lakes (including Alter Dorfsee , Bossower See , Derliener See , Langsee and Schwarzer See ) are part of the Nossentiner / Schwinzer Heide nature reserve . Krakow am See is about 18 kilometers south of the district town of Güstrow .

Neighboring communities (clockwise, starting from the north) are: Mühl Rosin , Hoppenrade , Kuchelmiß , Dobbin-Linstow , Plau am See , Neu Poserin , Dobbertin , Reimershagen and Zehna .

City structure

Krakow am See includes the following districts:

  • Klein Grabow
  • Marienhof
  • Möllen
  • New Sammit
  • Steinbeck

history

History of the city

Krakow am See, an old Mecklenburg country town , was first mentioned in a document on May 21, 1298. The name is of Slavic origin, could mean "place of the crows" or derived from krk ("neck"), based on the shape of the Krakow lake. In the Middle Ages, the city was the seat of the Werle-Güstrow line and occasionally the meeting place for the Mecklenburg princes. Today only the name "Castle Square" in Krakow reminds of the former castle. The first host desecration process in Mecklenburg took place here in 1325 , when Prince Johann II (Werle) let several local Jews cycle. A chapel was built there and attracted pilgrims. The mountain on which this happened is now called "Jörnberg" (from "Judenberg").

Belonging to Mecklenburg from 1436, Krakow was eligible for a state parliament in the country and was one of the towns in the Wendish district that were represented on the Mecklenburg state parliaments of the 1523 unified states until 1918 . The inhabitants of Krakow lived from trade, handicrafts, crafts, fishing, agriculture and wool weaving. The city experienced several major fires - the last one in 1759. Today's city complex hardly shows any structures from the time before this event. In 1842 a Dutch windmill was built on the Mühlenberg , which burned down in 1975 after a lightning strike.

synagogue

A Jewish cemetery was laid out in 1821 and the last burial took place in 1936. It was damaged in the November pogrom in 1938 and restored in 1950. In 1866, the Krakow Jewish community built a synagogue on the school square. It is one of the few Jewish places of worship in Mecklenburg that survived the destruction of 1938. The reason was that it had already been sold to the city in 1920, which made it available to the “Fichte” workers' gymnastics and sports federation as a gym, which was used until 1986. Since 1986 it has been used as a cultural center or as Krakow am See information center.

A volunteer fire brigade was founded in 1874, the town hall on Markt was built in 1875, and in 1882 Krakow was connected to Güstrow and Plau by rail .

In 1905 the first bathing establishment was opened below the Jörnberg, which was moved to its present location a little further south in 1935. In 1908 the Kurhaus Schützenhof (now the Seehotel) opened. A memorial stone for Fritz Reuter was set on the Lehmwerder in 1910 .

In 1935 the city of Krakow was given the current name Krakow am See. In 1939 the Krakow Obersee was declared a nature reserve .

During the Second World War from 1943 to 1945 there was a subcamp of the Ravensbrück concentration camp at Altdorfer See , in which 150 to 200 female prisoners lived who had to do forced labor in the grain halls in the production of aircraft parts for the Rostock Heinkelwerke . From 1945 to 1946 the Ehmk- and Lehmwerder served as a Soviet prison camp; up to 12,000 people were housed in the area around the Jörnberg.

From 1952 to 2011 Krakow am See belonged to the Güstrow district (until 1990 in the GDR district of Schwerin , then in the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania ). Since the district reform in 2011 , the city has been in the Rostock district .

From 1955 to 1958 the boathouses were built on Krakow City Lake. In 1956 Krakow am See became a health resort by decision of the council of the Güstrow district. After the end of the GDR, the historic city center was redeveloped as part of urban development funding from 1991 . Since 2000 Krakow am See has been a "state-approved climatic health resort ".

History of the districts

Bellin

Bellin village church

In Bellin , the late Romanesque built in 1230 is the village church Bellin with a stone sarcophagus , a Taufsteinbecken, carvings and wall and ceiling paintings, it also has excellent acoustics . The Bellin Hunting Lodge was built for the Hamburg shipowner Henry B. Sloman . The Sloman family was expropriated in 1945 and repurchased the property after reunification in 1990.

In the 1980s, children from South West Africa who were placed in the GDR by SWAPO were in a children's home in Bellin. Before being returned to Namibia , which became independent in March 1990, 134 preschool children were in Bellin. The return transport in August 1990 took place on the basis of a government agreement between the new GDR government and Namibia.

Charlottenthal

Former Charlottenthal manor house

In 1843 a mansion in the Tudor Gothic style was built here by master builder Theodor Krüger for the Engel family. From 1898 the property was owned by General von Schmidt-Pauli. After 1945 the building was used for residential purposes until 1998. A Brazilian steak house has been located there since 2005. Large parts of the building were destroyed in a fire on the night of April 11, 2016. The south facade is still largely preserved.

Green hunter

In the south of the present city area, on the border of several forest areas and highways, one developed after the establishment pitcher the border town Grüner Jäger , whose importance, however, decreased with the construction of paved roads and the railway line in the second half of the 19th century and 1945 waste fell .

Marienhof

Marienthal was mentioned for the first time in 1807 in the Mecklenburg state calendar as a "pertinence" (ancillary property) of the Bellin estate. The renaming in Marienhof took place in 1822. The estate belonged u. a. the families von der Osten-Sacken (from 1806), von Behr (from 1850) and Bronsart von Schellendorff (from 1877). It was relocated in the 1930s. The Marienhof manor house was built around 1880, was owned by the municipality after 1945 and was converted into a hotel and event location after 1995.

Incorporations

Alt Sammit, Bossow and Möllen were incorporated on July 1, 1950. Charlottental was added on January 1, 2002. Bellin followed on January 1, 2005.

Population development

year Residents
1990 3495
1995 3200
2000 3111
2005 3626
2010 3294
year Residents
2015 3509
2016 3501
2017 3472
2018 3461
2019 3426

Status: December 31 of the respective year

The population increase between 2000 and 2005 is due to the incorporation of Charlottenthal and Bellin.

politics

Allocation of seats in the city council
3
3
2
2
4th
4th 
A total of 14 seats
  • Left : 3
  • SPD : 3
  • HV CH : 2
  • UWK : 2
  • CDU : 4th

HV CH = Heimatverein Charlottenthal UWK = Independent voters Krakow

City council

The city council of Krakow am See has consisted of 14 members and the mayor since the local elections on May 26, 2019 . The distribution of seats is shown on the diagram opposite.

town hall

mayor

Krakow has had a mayor since the 16th century.

  • 1968–1980: Günter Klemmer (SED)
  • 1980–1990: Dieter Fischer (SED)
  • 1990–1991: Dieter Lehnert (CDU)
  • 1991–1994: Horst Erny (CSU)
  • 1994–2019: Wolfgang Geistert (independent)
  • since 2019: Jörg Oppitz (Heimatverein Charlottenthal)

Oppitz was elected in the mayoral election on June 16, 2019 with 68 percent of the valid votes.

Coat of arms, flag and official seal

Krakow am See has had its coat of arms since 1516. The coat of arms was established on April 10, 1858 by Friedrich Franz II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and registered under No. 157 of the coat of arms of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.

Description of coat of arms
"The coat of arms shows in gold a looking, gold-crowned black bull's head with a closed mouth, a knocked out red tongue and silver horns."

The coat of arms was redrawn in 1997 by the Schwerin heraldist Heinz Kippnick .

Flag description
“The flag of the city of Krakow am See is evenly striped lengthways in black and yellow. In the middle of the flag, spanning two thirds of the black and yellow stripes, is the city coat of arms. The length of the flag is related to the height like 5 to 3. "
Official seal

The official seal shows the city coat of arms with the inscription CITY OF KRAKOW ON THE LAKE.

Town twinning

Attractions

City Church
Altar of the city church
  • City church, brick building in the Romanesque-Gothic transition style from the 13th century, later redesigned several times, with a carved wooden altarpiece and a wooden sermon pulpit decorated with carvings
  • Town hall, neo-Gothic building from 1875
  • Old school with book printing museum and demonstration workshop, home parlor and city library
  • Synagogue from 1866, used by the “Old Synagogue” cultural association in Krakow am See
  • Jewish cemetery , laid out in 1821, repaired from 1947–1950 and 2003–2006
  • Nebel breakthrough valley northeast of Krakow am See
  • Krakower Obersee Nature Reserve (southern part of the Krakower See)
  • Observation tower on the Jörnberg , built in 1897 as a wooden tower, in its place a Bismarck tower in reinforced concrete was built in 1907 , blown up at the end of the war in 1945, new tower since 1995, height 27.7 m

Districts

Economy and Infrastructure

economy

Smaller wood and metal processing companies as well as construction and other craft businesses determine the economic life of Krakow am See. A new industrial park was created in the Möllen district .

Tourism has a long tradition in Krakow am See. At the beginning of the 20th century, a swimming pool infrastructure typical of the time was created with the bathing establishment, observation tower and Kursaal. In the GDR, thanks to the good rail connections, many companies and authorities operated rest homes and holiday homes for their employees. After the reunification, the accommodations went into private hands. Today tourism plays an economically important role for the city. Because of its location in the lake area, there are hotels, guest houses, holiday homes and a campsite available.

The restaurant I know a house on the lake has had a Michelin star since 1996 .

Krakow am See train station

traffic

The state road L 37 (until the end of 2015 as B 103 ) leads through the city from Güstrow to Karow . The L 11 leads to the Krakow am See motorway junction eight kilometers away on the A 19 ( Berlin - Rostock ) and on to Teterow .

The city has no rail connection. Passenger traffic on the Güstrow – Meyenburg railway line to Krakow am See (Meckl) station was discontinued in 2004. The closest train station is Güstrow .

education

  • Nature park school, regional school with elementary school, Dobbiner Chaussee 7

Personalities

Honorary citizen

  • 1998: Bruno Hellmich (1921–2007), teacher in Krakow am See, painter
  • 2010: Wolfgang Neubauer (1935–2013), teacher in Krakow am See, environmental and nature conservationist

sons and daughters of the town

Personalities associated with Krakow am See

Panoramic view from the observation tower on the Jörnberg

literature

Web links

Commons : Krakow am See  - Collection of images
Wikivoyage: Krakow am See  - travel guide

Individual evidence

  1. Statistisches Amt MV - population status of the districts, offices and municipalities 2019 (XLS file) (official population figures in the update of the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. Regional Spatial Development Program Central Mecklenburg / Rostock 2011 - Central locations and perspective development, planning region MMR, accessed on July 12, 2015
  3. a b c d Main Statute of the City of Krakow am See. (PDF; 573.46 kB) May 29, 2015, accessed on June 22, 2017 .
  4. Article: Krakow am See; in: Irene Diekmann (ed.), Guide through the Jewish Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Potsdam 1998, p. 142
  5. Ulrike Puvogel, Regina Scheer: Memorials for the victims of National Socialism . tape 2 . Federal Agency for Civic Education, Bonn 1999, ISBN 3-89331-391-5 , p. 425 ( Online [PDF; 23.9 MB ]).
  6. City Chronicle Working Group: Chronicle of the City of Krakow am See . Sutton Verlag, 2012, ISBN 3-95400-080-6 , p. 115 .
  7. City Chronicle Working Group: Chronicle of the City of Krakow am See . Sutton Verlag, 2012, ISBN 3-95400-080-6 , p. 136 .
  8. ^ Eckhard Rosentreter: Urban redevelopment Krakow am See: typical small town image preserved. In: svz.de. February 21, 2017. Retrieved February 24, 2017 .
  9. "18. December 1979: Ossis from Namibia "in" classified. The greatest secrets of the GDR ”by Jan Eik and Klaus Behling. Verlag Neues Berlin, Berlin 2008. ISBN 978-3-360-01944-8 .
  10. Municipalities 1994 and their changes since January 1, 1948 in the new federal states , Metzler-Poeschel publishing house, Stuttgart, 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 , publisher: Federal Statistical Office
  11. StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2002
  12. StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2005
  13. Population development of the districts and municipalities in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Statistical Report AI of the Statistical Office Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania)
  14. City Council Krakow am See at www.stadt-krakow-am-see.de, accessed on January 9, 2020.
  15. The mayors of the city of Krakow am See
  16. Krakow am See: Jörg Oppitz moves into the town hall. In: Schweriner Volkszeitung , June 16, 2019
  17. Bismarck Tower Krakow am See on bismarcktuerme.de
  18. Lookout tower on the Jörnberg on krakow-am-see.de
  19. Camping ground at Krakower See
  20. Bruno Hellmich's biography
  21. Biography of Wolfgang Neubauer
  22. Biography of Joseph Nathan