Ujście
| Ujście | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Greater Poland | ||
| Powiat : | Cutting mill (Piła) | ||
| Gmina : | Ujście | ||
| Area : | 5.78 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 53 ° 4 ' N , 16 ° 44' E | ||
| Height : | 50 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 3695 (June 30, 2019) |
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| Postal code : | 64-850 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 67 | ||
| License plate : | PP | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | DK 11 : Kolberg-Köslin-Posen- Bytom ( Kołobrzeg - Koszalin - Posen - Bytom ) | ||
| Rail route : | no more rail connection in passenger traffic | ||
| Next international airport : | Poznan-Ławica | ||
| Gmina | |||
| Gminatype: | Urban and rural municipality | ||
| Gmina structure: | 16 localities | ||
| 8 school offices | |||
| Surface: | 125.98 km² | ||
| Residents: | 7965 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Population density : | 63 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Community number ( GUS ): | 3019073 | ||
| Administration (as of 2007) | |||
| Mayor : | Henryk Kazana | ||
| Address: | pl. Wiosny Ludów 2 64-850 Ujście |
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| Website : | www.ujscie.pl | ||
Ujście (German name: Usch ) is a small town in Poland and the seat of an urban and rural municipality in the Greater Poland Voivodeship .
Geographical location
Ujście is located on the south bank of the Netze opposite the mouth of the tributary Gwda (Küddow) . The distance to the city of Piła (Schneidemühl) in the north is around ten kilometers. The small town is surrounded by ridges on almost all sides, and its buildings are quite close to the nets.
history
The small town of Usch is one of the oldest places in Netzebruch , a border area between the historic Duchy of Pomerania and Poland. The place name, which occurs in numerous similar variants, is of Slavic origin and means something like mouth . The place was mentioned in a document as early as the 11th century. A fortified castle used to stand on the Schlossberg near the city, of which hardly any traces were visible by the end of the 18th century. It is said to have existed as early as the 11th century and was owned by the Polish dukes at the beginning of the 12th century. A small settlement was built next to the castle complex. In 1108 the castle was taken by the Pomeranians, but by Duke Boleslaw III. Wrymouth recaptured. The castle then served as the seat of the Starosts . During the quarrels between the Polish dukes, Władysław Odonic conquered the castle on October 9, 1223 with the help of the Pomeranians. Although then besieged his uncle Władysław III. Dünnbein acquired the castle with the power of Wielkopolska , but Władysław Odonic managed to keep the fortress. The castle had belonged to the Silesian dukes for several decades from 1296.
In 1376 Friedrich von Wedel was in the possession of the Usch (then Uszcze ) rule . In 1413, King Władysław II Jagiełło put the city of Usch on a par with other cities - especially Poznan - and granted it Magdeburg law . A Vogt , who was also subject to Magdeburg law, judged criminal matters . Ush was a free city, but it could be pawned by the king. Usch came into lien possession from Peter Kordebok. In 1430 Martin von Slawsko received from King Władysław permission to buy the liens from Kordebok and in turn to take possession of Usch. In 1469 Stanislaus Wantrobka was the pledge holder and owner of the city and bailiwick of Usch. In 1489 the Poznan palatine Matthias von Bnin, a descendant of the Górka family , received part of the bailiwick. In 1518, King Sigismund I the Elder promised Hieronymus von Bnin, also a Górka, to leave him in the possession of Usch for life and also gave him permission to acquire the rest of the bailiwick from the children of the Bailiff Matthias Krywods. The Górka family was still in the possession of Usch until the middle of the 16th century, and probably until it died out. Subsequently, Ush was the seat of a starost.
During the Second Northern War , a Polish army of 15,000 men camped in Usch in July 1655 to prevent the Swedes from crossing the nets. On July 14th, the Swedish military leader began to take measures to force the passage over the nets at the Battle of Ujście . In view of the military superiority of the Swedes, however, the commanding Polish nobles surrendered on July 25 without major fighting and submitted to the Swedish King Charles X Gustav . A site plan for the battle, which also contains a sketch of the town of Usch ( Oppidum Oustzie ), was given by Samuel von Pufendorf . After the Swedish victory, a larger Swedish army camped in Usch.
In the course of the first partition of Poland in 1772, the city became part of Prussia . She was in poor shape at the time; of 103 fireplaces, ten were desolate. The village church was available to the Catholics. Evangelicals used a room in the town hall as a prayer room. A Prussian garrison with a squadron of hussars was stationed in a barracks on the opposite side of the nets at the mouth of the Küddow . In 1788 there were 112 houses in Usch.
In 1818 Usch was assigned to the Prussian district of Chodziesen , which existed beyond the end of the First World War until 1919. Due to the provisions of the Versailles Treaty , most of the district, including Usch, had to be ceded to the Second Polish Republic in 1920. In October 1939 the German Wehrmacht occupied the region and the district was incorporated into the German Reich in violation of international law . Towards the end of World War II , the Red Army occupied the area and the city of Ush was handed over to Polish administration. Unless the German residents had fled before the arrival of the war front, they were subsequently expelled by the local Polish administrative authorities .
Population numbers
- 1783: 580 (excluding military personnel), including 65 Protestants and 19 Jews
- 1788: 693
- 1816: 613 (according to other sources 755), including 477 Catholics, 79 Evangelicals and 59 Jews
- 1837: 1,397
- 1861: 2,269
- 1875: 2.144
- 1880: 2.130
- 2014: 3,816
Town twinning
Since 1996 there has been a town partnership with the Mecklenburg spa town of Krakow am See .
sons and daughters of the town
- Hugo Simon (1880–1950), German banker and politician
- Konrad Skrentny (1894–1955), German politician
Economy and Transport
The city is one of 22 Ardagh Glass Group locations for the manufacture of container glass in Europe. Ujście had a few train stations and still has connections to the Bzowo Goraj – Piła railway, which is only used for freight traffic .
Gmina Ujscie
The urban and rural municipality of Ujście has 8,000 inhabitants who live in an area of 126 km². The area corresponds to 9.94% of the total area of Powiat Pilski and 29% is used for forestry and 62% for agriculture.
Neighboring municipalities are: Chodzież ( Kolmar in Posen ), Czarnków ( Czarnikau ), Kaczory ( Erpel ), Trzcianka ( Schönlanke ) and the town of Piła ( Schneidemühl )
The following smaller villages belong to the municipality of Ujście (* = Schulzenamt ):
| Surname | German name (1815-1920) |
German name (1939–45) |
|---|---|---|
| Bronislawki | Oberhof | Oberhof |
| Byszki * | Byschke | Bishke |
| Khrustovo * | Chrostowo 1901-20 Hohendorf |
Hillside meadow |
| Hajzdry | ||
| Jabłonowo * | Jablonowo |
1939–43 Waldau 1943–45 Gabelnau |
| Kruszewo * | Kruszewo | Kruschendorf |
| Ługi Ujskie * | Usch Hauland ** | |
| Miroslaw * | Miroslaw | Buschhagen |
| Nowa Wieś Ujska * | Usch Neudorf | Uschneudorf |
| Nowie | Nowen | Nauen |
| Śluza Nowe | ||
| Ujście Notecki | ||
| Ujście-Łęg | German Usch ** | |
| Węglewo * | Kahlstädt | Kahlstädt |
| Wilanowiec | Wilhelmshöhe | Wilhelmshöhe |
| Żłobki |
to **: Usch Hauland and Deutsch Usch belonged to the German Empire until 1945
literature
- Heinrich Wuttke : City book of the country Posen. Codex diplomaticus: General history of the cities in the region of Poznan. Historical news from 149 individual cities . Leipzig 1864, pp. 463-465.
- Johann Friedrich Goldbeck : Complete topography of the Kingdom of Prussia. Second part, which contains the topography of West Prussia . Kantersche Hofdruckerei, Marienwerder 1789, p. 111, no. 4).
Web links
- Official website of the city (Polish)
Footnotes
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Heinrich Wuttke : City book of the state of Posen. Codex diplomaticus: General history of the cities in the region of Poznan. Historical news from 149 individual cities . Leipzig 1864, pp. 463-465.
- ^ A b c Johann Friedrich Goldbeck: Complete topography of the Kingdom of Prussia. Second part, which contains the topography of West Prussia . Kantersche Hofdruckerei, Marienwerder 1789, p. 111, no. 4).
- ^ Samuel von Pufendorf : De rebus a Carolo Gustavo Sueciae rege gestis commentariorum . Nuremberg 1696, pp. 64-65.
- ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. pos_kolmar.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
