Trzcianka
| Trzcianka | |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||
| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Greater Poland | ||
| Powiat : | Czarnków-Trzcianka | ||
| Gmina : | Trzcianka | ||
| Area : | 18.25 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 53 ° 2 ' N , 16 ° 28' E | ||
| Residents : | 17,159 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
||
| Postal code : | 64-980 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 67 | ||
| License plate : | PCT | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Ext. 178 : Wałcz ↔ Czarnków - Oborniki | ||
| Ext. 180 : Piła ↔ Kocień Wielki (- Wieleń ) | |||
| Rail route : | PKP line 203: Kostrzyn nad Odrą ↔ Tczew | ||
| Next international airport : | Poznań-Ławica | ||
| Gmina | |||
| Gminatype: | Urban and rural municipality | ||
| Gmina structure: | 37 localities | ||
| 20 school offices | |||
| Surface: | 375.00 km² | ||
| Residents: | 24,317 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
||
| Population density : | 65 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Community number ( GUS ): | 3002073 | ||
| Administration (as of 2013) | |||
| Mayor : | Krzysztof Czarnecki | ||
| Address: | ul.Sikorskiego 7 64-980 Trzcianka |
||
| Website : | www.trzcianka.pl | ||
Trzcianka [ ˈʧʨanka ] ( German Schönlanke ) is a town with 17,228 inhabitants in Powiat Czarnkowsko-Trzcianecki in the Polish Voivodeship of Greater Poland . The city is the seat of an urban and rural municipality with a total of 24,000 inhabitants.
Geographical location
The village is located on the Schönlanker Mühlenfließ, 22 kilometers southwest of the town of Piła ( Schneidemühl ).
history
The first demonstrable settlement at the site of today's city, eight kilometers west of the Netze , dates back to 1245. The place has not been continuously settled since 1565, when Schönlanke was part of the voivodes with the manors of Czarnikau and Schloppe was pledged by Rawa . In 1581 the village was owned by Hedwig Charnkowska and in 1586 there was talk of a newly established village that grew into a market town. In the 17th century the place grew and on July 31, 1671 Michael I granted the privilege for further annual markets , although it was only a village. Schönlanke, which has been called a town since 1679, was elevated to town with Magdeburg law on March 3, 1731 by August II .
Above all, the cloth making trade , whose guild privilege dates back to 1679, determined the economic development of the city, alongside which the village of Schönlanke and a Vorwerk also existed. In 1762 the town was enlarged and the new town was created. In 1764 the construction of a second dye works began. In 1773 there were 216 cloth makers in Schönlanke, and the town had become the center of cloth manufacturing on the Netze. In the village of Schönlanke a Protestant church was built in 1775, in which the town was also parish. The parish church, built in 1716, belonged to the Catholics.
Since 1739 Jews settled in Schönlanke , who were granted the right to practice their beliefs here. They made the city a hub for the wool trade.
During the first partition of Poland , Schönlanke came to Prussia in 1772 . In 1790 King Friedrich Wilhelm II bought the Schönlanke estate from its owner Swinarski, kept it as a private property and had it administered from Schloppe . Between 1807 and 1815 the city was part of the Duchy of Warsaw and after its dissolution it became part of the Prussian Province of Posen .
In the first third of the 19th century, the textile industry began to decline. While in 1816 more than 200 looms were still in operation, the punitive tariffs imposed by Russia in 1822 on the import of textiles meant the end of most of them. The adherence to traditional handicraft production and the compulsory guild led to its demise against the competition of mechanical looms in the western parts of the country. The city became impoverished and many of the master drapers emigrated to the then Russian cities such as Łódź or Kiev . In 1888 the guild of cloth makers and linen weavers in Schönlanke decided to dissolve it.
After the evangelical village church burned down in 1829, a new classical church was built on the town's market square between 1843 and 1847 , largely financed by Friedrich Wilhelm IV .
The forest offices Schönlanke and Behle, which were set up to manage the large fiscal forests in the vicinity of the city, had their headquarters in Schönlanke.
The Ostbahn, inaugurated in 1851 (today the Tczew – Küstrin-Kietz border line ) brought the city an economic boom. In 1879 Schönlanke became the seat of a local court . The Jewish community built a synagogue in 1883 . In 1905 the village and Vorwerk were incorporated into the town of Schönlanke. Between 1914 and 1916, the town's Catholic Church was renovated in the neo-baroque style.
Because of the abundance of forests, wood processing companies settled in the city. There were seven sawmills in Schönlanke, and there were also the same number of cigar and cigarette factories, as well as a matzo factory .
During the first Polish usurpant uprising under Wojciech Korfanty , there were also skirmishes near the city in 1919, which supported the German border guards with their vigilante groups.
Schönlanke, which had belonged to the district of Czarnikau since 1818 , became the seat of the newly established network district in 1920 in the Prussian province of Grenzmark Posen-West Prussia, which was newly created in 1921/1922 .
When the city was occupied by the Red Army on January 27, 1945 , after the fighting ended, looting and arson took place. Parts of the market with the Protestant church, the main street and the southern suburb were destroyed.
After the end of the Second World War, the city was placed under Polish administration and was given the name Trzcianka. Until 1975 the city was the seat of a powiat .
Population numbers
- 1773: 2.071
- 1783: 2,016 (excluding garrison members), including 1,362 Protestant Germans and 289 Jews
- 1788: 1,964, including 253 Jews
- 1800: 3.623
- 1816: only 2,789 (according to other data 2,977), including 1,579 Protestants, 610 Catholics and 600 Jews
- 1837: 3.745
- 1861: 3.781
- 1875: 4.089
- 1905: 7.304
- 1925: 8,626
- 1933: 9.284
- 1939: 9,620
- 2004: 16,776
- 2016: 17,228
Twin cities
Trzcianka maintains city partnerships with
- Berwick-upon-Tweed in Northumberland, UK
- Duszniki-Zdrój in Lower Silesia, Poland
- Husum in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
- Taught in Lower Saxony, Germany
Gmina Trzcianka
The urban and rural municipality Trzcianka covers an area of 375.33 km² with 24,000 inhabitants. Its territory lies between the border with the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in the north-west and the Netze in the south-east.
Neighboring municipalities to Gmina Trzcianka are:
- Czarnków ( Czarnikau ) and Wieleń ( Filehne ) in the powiat Czarnkowsko-Trzcianecki ,
- Szydłowo ( Groß Wittenberg ) and Ujście ( (German) Usch ) in the Powiat Pilski ( Schneidemühl district ), as well
- Człopa ( Schloppe ) and Wałcz ( Deutsch Krone ) in the powiat Wałecki ( Deutsch Krone district ) (already located in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship ).
Gmina Trzcianka includes - in addition to the city of Trzcianka - the following localities (* = Schulzenamt ):
| Polish name | German name |
|---|---|
| Biała * | Behle |
| Biernatowo * | Ashtray |
| Dłużewo | Karlshorst |
| Ginterowo | Günterhof |
| Górnica * | Gornitz |
| Kadłubek | |
| Karcze | |
| Kępa | cap |
| Kochanówka | |
| Łomnica * | Lemnitz |
| Łomnica Druga | |
| Łomnica-Folwark | (Vorwerk Lemnitz) |
| Łomnica-Młyn | (Lemnitz mill) |
| Łomnica Pierwsza | |
| Niekursko * | Niekosken |
| Nowa Wieś * | Neudorf |
| Ogorzałe | |
| Osiniec | |
| Pańska Łaska | |
| Pokrzywno * | Krumfließerhütte |
| Przyłęki * | Ivenbusch |
| Radolin * | Radolin |
| Rudka | hut |
| Runowo * | Runau |
| Rychlik * | Carolina |
| Sarcz * | Zaskerhütte |
| Siedlisko * | goldfinch |
| Smolarnia * | Theerofen |
| Smolary | |
| Stobno * | Gulls |
| Straduń * | Straduhn |
| Teresin * | Theresia |
| Teresin-Karczma | |
| Wapniarnia Pierwsza * | |
| Wapniarnia Trzecia * | |
| Wrząca * | Grumpy |
Sons and daughters of town and country
- Adolf von Wittich (1836–1906), Prussian Colonel General
- Karl Vanselow (1877–1959), German writer and magazine editor of the life reform movement
- Max Raphael (1889–1952), German art historian and philosopher, wrote under the pseudonym MR Schönlank after his birthplace
- Alfred Jante (1908–1985), German professor for automotive technology
- Gerhard Stöck (1911–1985), German Olympic champion
- Siegfried Wollgast (1933–2017), German professor for the history of philosophy and intellectual history from the 16th to 18th centuries (early enlightenment)
- Hartmut Saenger (1940-2013), German politician (CDU), spokesman for the Pomeranian Landsmannschaft
- Günter Graf (* 1941), German politician (SPD), member of the German Bundestag
- Werner Kriesel (* 1941), German professor for automation and communication (born inkap, today the village of Kępa in the urban and rural community of Trzcianka).
literature
- Heinrich Wuttke : City book of the country Posen. Codex diplomaticus: General history of the cities in the region of Poznan. Historical news from 149 individual cities . Leipzig 1864, pp. 443-444.
- Johann Friedrich Goldbeck : Complete topography of the Kingdom of Prussia. Second Part, which contains the topography of West Prussia . Kantersche Hofdruckerei, Marienwerder 1789, pp. 113–114, no. 8).
Web links
- Website of the city of Trzcianka (Polish, English, German)
- Unofficial site of the city, residents forum (Polish)
- Website about the history of the city (Polish, German)
- Description of the town of Schönlanke
Footnotes
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
- ↑ a b c d e f g Heinrich Wuttke : City book of the state of Posen. Codex diplomaticus: General history of the cities in the region of Poznan. Historical news from 149 individual cities . Leipzig 1864, pp. 443-444.
- ^ A b Johann Friedrich Goldbeck: Complete topography of the Kingdom of Prussia. Second Part, which contains the topography of West Prussia . Kantersche Hofdruckerei, Marienwerder 1789, pp. 113–114, no. 8).
- ↑ a b c d Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. netzekreis.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
