Heinrich Wuttke

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Heinrich Wuttke, photography by August Brasch, Leipzig
Heinrich Wuttke

Johann Karl Heinrich Wuttke (born February 12, 1818 in Brieg , Silesia , † June 14, 1876 in Leipzig ) was a German historian .

Life

The father, mayor of the city of Brieg, sent his only child, Heinrich Wuttke, to the Maria-Magdalenen-Gymnasium in Breslau in 1829 . After graduating from high school in 1836, Heinrich Wuttke studied at the University of Breslau . His friendship with Hoffmann von Fallersleben came from this time . In 1838 he did his doctorate with Gustav Adolf Harald Stenzel in Breslau with a thesis on Thucydides . From 1841 he held lectures at the University of Leipzig after he was also habilitated under Wilhelm Wachsmuth with a thesis on Thucydides. After the death of Friedrich Christian August Hasse , who held the chair for historical auxiliary sciences at the University of Leipzig, he was appointed full professor in 1848 and succeeded him. He had good relations with the then Saxon Minister of Education, Ludwig von der Pfordten .

In 1848 Wuttke was a member of the preliminary parliament and the Frankfurt National Assembly , belonging to the moderate left and the Greater German direction, closely associated with Robert Blum . He belonged to the so-called Württemberger Hof and the Greater German Constitutional Committee and voted against Friedrich Wilhelm IV. Later he was close to Ferdinand Lassalle at times .

He represented a large German view of history. He endeavored as far as possible to prevent the appointment of professors from the so-called “Berlin directions”, who represented a decidedly small-German-Prussian view of history, for example in the case of the historian Georg Voigt . Wuttke also tried to avoid the appointment of the art historian Anton Springer , again without success. The same applies to the Germanist Friedrich Zarncke . That brought him into tension and a certain outsider role among his colleagues in the faculty. Heinrich von Treitschke also sat in his “historical seminar”, a seminar-like event, as a student. Treitschke had also recognized that Wuttke was an outstanding scholar, but his historical point of view later deviated from Wuttke's.

Wuttke was a member of numerous clubs, especially in Leipzig. He was in the Association for the History of Leipzig , where he took over the literary section, in the Leipzig Schiller Association, in the German Association , Speech Practice Association , Leipzig Fatherland Association in the Leipzig Literary Association of 1840 and others. As a member of the board of directors of the Schiller Club, he played a small part in the fact that the Schillerhaus (Leipzig) , which was threatened with demolition in 1856 , could be purchased and its preservation secured.

He had also emerged as a reformer in the history of the university , although his efforts to re-regulate the fee system for doctorates in Leipzig were initially blocked by his colleagues. It struck him that the customs-like procedure for doctorates had no relation to the university statutes. However, such a regulation came about later due to pressure from the Saxon royal family. In addition, together with other professors, he had campaigned for the preservation of Gustav Friedrich Klemm's ethnological collection , which forms the basis for the Museum of Ethnology in Leipzig. However, he was unable to persuade the university to buy the collection.

Wuttke was an honorary member of the Leipzig fraternity Germania .

Wuttke's successor, combined with the renaming of the chair for auxiliary historical sciences to that of Middle and Modern History, was Carl von Noorden .

In 1854 he married his cousin, the writer Emma Biller ; one son from this marriage was the economist and folklorist Robert Wuttke .

plant

As a historian, he made a name for himself primarily with his history of writing . He left this work as a torso , because he only described the non-alphabetic writing systems from tattoos to cuneiform scripts and hieroglyphs to Japanese and Chinese characters . He no longer described the alphabetical writing systems. According to the preface, he had refrained from doing so, not least for reasons of cost. In the manuscript department of the Leipzig University Library there is an estate from Wuttke, which attests to the existence of a material collection for this volume as well. A lack of material can therefore be ruled out. He also provided numerous publications on the history of Silesia up to Frederick II.

He was critical of Polish historiography and, in his historical and scientific treatise Poles and Germans , tried to shed light on the historical relationship between the two peoples. He was against changing the partitions of Poland-Lithuania made by Prussia, Austria and Russia and pleaded for the maintenance of the new European peace order agreed at the Congress of Vienna . He pointed out that in the reliable historiography of the changeable neighborly relationship between Slavs and Germans, it was first the Slavs - in the first third of the 7th century and again in the last quarter of the 8th century - who appear as "attackers" who worry the neighboring peoples.

In 1866, Wuttke also wrote critically about the newspaper and press, which, in his opinion, was under the predominance of "money power and state authority", whereby he also attacked the so-called reptile fund. The newspapers were "wrested" from the hands of the writers, a foreign element had intervened and had mastered the newspapers. “What should be literature is wrong for mere business and the individual who should stand up for himself is nullified.” Wuttke also wrote about geography in the Middle Ages .

The publication of Christian Wolff's own biography with a treatise is of particular value for the history of the Enlightenment and Wolffianism because of the fact that the manuscript , which was then in Görlitz, is considered lost . He also edited a large treatise by Pavel Jozef Šafárik on Slavic antiquities and Slavic folklore, together with his student Mosig von Ährenfeld, who had arranged the translation from the Czech . There is also a document book about the city of Posen from him as well as about the Battle of the Nations near Leipzig . However, this is only a selection from a large number of his writings.

Wuttke's estate, mainly in Dresden, of works that were intended for printing, could not find an editor or publisher. Scientific inadequacies are likely to have been a secondary cause. Only his story about Bartholomew's Night was published from the estate of his student Georg Müller-Frauenstein .

Honors

  • A street in the Schönefeld district of Leipzig has been named after Heinrich Wuttke.

Works (selection)

  • About the house and diaries of Valentin Gierth and the Duchess Dorothea Sibylla of Liegnitz and Brieg, born Margravine of Brandenburg. An investigation . Breslau 1838 ( e-copy ).
  • About Christian Wolff the philosopher. A treatise . In: Christian Wolff's own biography . Published by Heinrich Wuttke. Leipzig 1841, pp. 1–106 .
  • Attempts to found a university in Silesia . Breslau 1841 ( e-copy ).
  • Yearbook of the German Universities .
    • Volume 1: Summer half year 1842 . Leipzig 1842 ( e-copy ).
    • Volume 2: Winter half year 1842/43 . Leipzig 1842 ( e-copy ).
  • King Frederick the Great took possession of Silesia and the development of public relations in this country up to 1740 .
    • Part I: The development of public relations in Silesia from the Habsburgs .
      • Volume 1: Leipzig 1842 ( e-copy ).
      • Volume 2: Leipzig 1843 ( e-copy ).
  • The latest Polish Insurrection in the Duchy of Poznan . Leipzig 1848 ( e-copy ).
  • Germany's unity, reform and the Reichstag . Leipzig 1848 ( e-copy ).
  • Poles and Germans. Second edition. Leipzig 1848 ( e-copy ).
  • The state of the German constitutional question. Memorandum to Mr. Löwe, deputy of the city of Leipzig to the Saxon state parliament. Leipzig 1850 ( e-copy ).
  • The cosmography of the Istrian Aithikos in the Latin extract of Hieronymus from a Leipzig manuscript . Leipzig 1853 ( e-copy ).
  • About geography and maps of the Middle Ages . Leipzig 1853 ( e-copy ).
  • The Battle of Nations near Leipzig . Third edition. Leipzig 1863 ( e-copy ).
  • Pro patria! Delegates, parliament, imperial constitution . Leipzig 1863 ( e-copy ).
  • About the certainty of history . Leipzig 1865 ( e-copy ).
  • City book of the country of Poznan. Codex diplomaticus. General history of the cities of Poznan. Historical news from 149 individual cities . Leipzig 1864 ( e-copy ).
  • German magazines and the emergence of public opinion. A contribution to the history of the newspaper industry . Hamburg 1866 ( e-copy ).
  • On the history of geography in the last third of the Middle Ages . Dresden 1871.
  • The origin of writing, the different writing systems and the literature of the non-alphabetically writing peoples . Leipzig 1872 ( e-copy ).
  • Illustrations on the history of writing . Issue 1, Leipzig 1873 ( e-copy ).

literature

Web links

Wikisource: Heinrich Wuttke  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Federal Archives: Members of the Pre-Parliament and the Fifties Committee (PDF file; 79 kB).
  2. ↑ Johannes Roessler: Poetics of Art History. Anton Springer, Carl Justi and the aesthetic conception of German art history . Berlin 2009 , ISBN 978-3-05-004451-4 , p. 98.
  3. ↑ Markus Huttner : Discipline development and appointment as professor. History at the University of Leipzig in the 19th century. In: New archive for Saxon history. Vol. 71, 2000, pp. 171-238. Reprinted in: Markus Huttner: Gesammelte Studien zur Zeit- und Universitätsgeschichte , Münster 2007, pp. 397–481.
  4. ^ House purchase and maintenance , German Digital Library , accessed on July 2, 2016.
  5. ↑ Supported the purchase of the house on November 11, 1856 , Europeana , accessed on July 2, 2016.
  6. ↑ Cf. on this Wolfgang Wippermann : The 'German urge to the east'. Ideology and reality of a political catchphrase , Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt 1981, p. 39 f.
  7. ↑ Poland and Germans (1846), p. 6 .
  8. ^ H. Wuttke: The German magazines and the emergence of public opinion . Рипол Классик, ISBN 978-5-87260-181-4 ( google.de [accessed April 29, 2017]).
  9. ↑ MDZ reader | Band | The German magazines and the emergence of public opinion / Wuttke, Heinrich. P. 141 , accessed April 29, 2017 .
  10. ↑ The double name is explained by the place of origin Frauenstein, from which this Georg Müller came. UAL: doctoral file 03449 Georg Müller-Frauenstein; UAL: Pro Cancellar Book B. 128 b for Müller's doctorate in 1873 No. 86: Georg Müller from Frauenstein near Freiberg.
  11. ↑ Wuttke Strasse , Leipziger Strasse name university professors, site of the University of Leipzig, accessed on July 2 2016th
personal data
SURNAME Wuttke, Heinrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Wuttke, Johann Karl Heinrich (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German historian
DATE OF BIRTH February 12, 1818
PLACE OF BIRTH Brieg , Silesia
DATE OF DEATH June 14, 1876
Place of death Leipzig