Graal-Müritz

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 54 ° 15 '  N , 12 ° 15'  E
Basic data
State :	Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
County :	Rostock
Height :	5 m above sea level NHN
Area :	8.22 km 2
Residents:	4072 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	495 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	18181
Area code :	038206
License plate :	LRO, BÜZ, DBR, GÜ, ROS, TET
Community key :	13 0 72 036
Address of the municipal administration:	Ribnitzer Strasse 21 18181 Graal-Müritz
Website :	www.gemeinde-graalmueritz.de
Mayoress :	Benita Chelvier ( CDU )
Location of the municipality of Graal-Müritz in the Rostock district

The Mecklenburg Seeheilbad Graal-Müritz is an office-free municipality in the district of Rostock in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern . The town , located northeast of the city of Rostock , extends over a length of four kilometers along the Baltic Sea coast. The municipality is officially called Ostseeheilbad Graal-Müritz .

geography

Geographical location

Graal-Müritz is roughly in the middle between the Hanseatic city of Rostock and the Fischland-Darß-Zingst peninsula . Graal-Müritz borders in the north on the Mecklenburg Bay of the southwestern Baltic Sea and is surrounded on land by the forest area Rostocker Heide . To the east is the Ribnitzer Großes Moor nature reserve .

Community structure

Graal-Müritz is not divided into districts.

Neighboring communities

The municipality borders in the west on the independent Hanseatic city of Rostock , in the east on the district of Vorpommern-Rügen ( Ribnitz-Damgarten office ) and in the south on the Rostocker Heide office (in particular the places Gelbensande and Rövershagen ).

history

Graal and Müritz

Development of the two districts

Statue of Clare of Assisi , founder of the Poor Clare Monastery , at the bus turning point in Müritz

Graal and Müritz were two separate places until 1938. The older eastern part of the municipality Müritz was first mentioned in a document in 1328. It is located behind today's Tannenhof children's sanatorium. The name of the place comes from the Wendish name muryz (= place by the sea ), the name for the piece of land in the Rostock Heath that Prince Heinrich the Lion donated to the St. Claren monastery in Ribnitz in 1328. The deed of December 13, 1328 describes not only four Hufen forest but also the permission to create a yard. After the donation was confirmed by the Pope , Bishop Brunward von Schwerin informed the monastery about the donation in a further document dated December 31, 1330. The management of the monastery courtyard was taken over by a Meier until 1450 , then a Hofmeister . He administered four male servants, three maidservants, a cow, a goose and a swineherd. As payment for his work, he received u. a. eight Reichstaler , two cows and two pigs each, as well as a few bushels of grain and bales of canvas. Like the maids and male servants , he was employed for life. The main source of income for the farm was raising cattle and caring for sick animals. This economic power made it possible to buy three more Hufen land on November 29, 1352 from the knight Johannes von Plessen. This enabled a second farm to be established on the site up to the grothen river , today's Stromgraben. From 1352, the nuns of the St. Claren Monastery expanded the Müritz farm, around which a village later formed.

It is disputed whether there should have been a castle-like structure in Müritz at that time. In 1967 the Association for Local History searched near the sea dike and came across solid ground and some pottery shards at a depth of around 30 to 40 centimeters. The Graal-Müritz Claus Witt was that this acted believes the remains of a Danish castle where nobles their illegitimate children gave birth . The local researcher Werner Timm , however, considered this a legend.

The origins of the western part of the municipality Graal lie in a courtyard from 1525 (later a princely Meierhof) around which the village was formed. The name is probably derived from the Slavic locator Grail , i.e. place of the Grail . The place Graal is documented for the first time in 1567 in the customs files of the nearby Hanseatic city of Rostock .

Both places lived mainly from fishing and small-scale farming ( Büdnerei ). In the course of the Reformation , the monasteries in the country were secularized in 1549 , and the two Meierhöfe passed into the possession of the ruling house in Mecklenburg in 1569. Only the Ribnitz monastery resisted this change until the death of the last abbess Ursula. Under Duke Christian Ludwig , the land from the Graaler Hof was divided into parcels on October 21, 1752. In 1753, the first local statute for the ten Büdnereien was issued for Graal. In 1806 both places were occupied by the Napoleonic troops, who were able to recruit six locals for the French navy after their return in 1811 with the promise of material help. For their services they were each given a parcel west of the Müritzer Meierhof. The leaseholder's farm in Müritz, however, was devastated by the troops. He received the seventh parcel as compensation. In 1815 the first houses in Long Row I to XII and Büdnereien XIII to XIX were built. In 1816 Müritz became a village. Two years later, five more farmsteads settled in the area of ​​today's Strandstrasse.

Development of the spa and spa business

Memorial stone for Friedrich Bunge behind the Lukaskirche

The first bathers arrived from 1819/20. You were made aware of Müritz by the chief forester Philipp von Stenglin from Gelbensande . The bathing industry grew steadily until around 1860. The two seaside resorts were first mentioned in written publications in 1840, and Müritz was first mentioned as a seaside resort in 1851. A severe storm surge in 1872 caused considerable damage to the coast. In 1873 Joachim Witt built the first bathing establishment in Müritz. During this time the pastor Friedrich Bunge promoted the seaside resort. He wanted to have a chapel built in Müritz and turned to Grand Duke Friedrich Franz II. After an intervention from Ribnitz , which feared the new competition, the project was rejected. Nevertheless, Bunge advertised Müritz as a seaside resort in order to attract more potential churchgoers to the place. In 1875 he was banned from doing this and left the community disappointed. A memorial stone behind the Lukaskirche reminds of his life and work.

After Carl von Mettenheimer , then State Medical Officer and personal physician of the Mecklenburg Grand Duke , emphasized the bioclimatic advantages of the forest, moor and the Baltic Sea on this stretch of coast in 1877 , the bathing and spa business took off considerably. On July 1, 1880, the first hotel called "Anastasia" opened in Müritz. Both places developed into popular family baths on the Mecklenburg coast. Four years later, 470 guests were counted, in 1890 over 1000. Among them were Franz Kafka (who met Dora Diamant here in 1923 ), Erich Kästner and Lyonel Feininger . To the west of the old town center, a street network with large hotels was built in Graal on Kaiser-Wilhelm-Straße (today Parkstraße).

Other points in the local history from this time are the establishment of the volunteer fire brigade (1876), the opening of the first school (1903), the construction of the road to Hinrichshagen and the construction of piers in both places (1905). Today's St. Luke 's Church was inaugurated in 1908 in the presence of Grand Duke Friedrich Franz IV of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and his wife Alexandra . The Lukaskirche was built according to drafts by the secret court building councilor Gotthilf Ludwig Möckel , who also designed the Gelbensande hunting lodge in the immediate vicinity . The beach promenade between the two districts, which still exists today, was built in 1909. The technical development did not stop at the site either. After the construction of a waterworks and tower (1913), the place was also supplied with electricity from 1921.

Numerous rest homes were opened in the 1920s. The first youth hostel in town was opened in 1929 .

Graal-Müritz

1938-1990

Beach chairs on the beach of Graal-Müritz (1987)

In 1938 Graal-Müritz was created by decree through the merger of the two localities Graal and Müritz. Heavy seas and heavy ice formation caused the destruction of the two piers and the beach promenade in 1941. A new pier was only built in the village in 1992. The Rostock University Hospital relocated the University Children's Hospital to Graal-Müritz during the bombing raids on Rostock in 1942. After Graal-Müritz was taken by the Red Army without a fight on May 2, 1945 , the first holiday guests did not come here again until 1947, now mainly through the FDGB or state- owned companies . In February 1953, some hotel owners were expropriated as part of the Rose Action .

From 1955 to 1960 the Graal-Müritz rhododendron park was laid out by the Rostock garden architect Friedrich-Karl Evert. In 1956 a campground with over 4,000 places was set up. The place has been a state-approved sea ​​spa since 1960 . The structural substance of the place, especially the historically significant buildings in the style of North German spa architecture , suffered increasingly from a lack of maintenance and repair during the GDR era.

Graal-Müritz today

With the political change of 1989/90, extensive renovation and renovation efforts followed within the framework of urban development funding, which saved a lot of historical substance. For the first time since 1941 the place has been adorned with a pier since 1993. The holiday business took off, and Graal-Müritz developed more and more into a popular place to live in the Rostock area. In 2002, for the first time, more than 4,000 inhabitants were counted. In addition to numerous new boarding houses and hotels, the place was given a “guest house” and a water and sports center called “Aquadrom”. From 2005, the 4.5 hectare rhododendron park was also renovated piece by piece.

From 1952 to 1994 Graal-Müritz belonged to the Rostock-Land district (until 1990 in the GDR district of Rostock , 1990–1994 in the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania ). In 1994 the city was incorporated into the Bad Doberan district. Since the district reform in 2011 , it has been in the Rostock district .

Population development

date Residents January 1, 1939 1466 1st January 1971 3262 December 31, 1981 4156

year Residents 1990 4079 1995 3696 2000 3901 2005 4235 2010 4236

year Residents 2015 4154 2016 4161 2017 4093 2018 4079 2019 4072

from 1990: as of December 31 of the respective year

religion

Lukas Church

Most of the Christians traditionally belong to the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Mecklenburg .

• The main church in Graal-Müritz is the Evangelical-Lutheran St. Luke Church . It was designed by Hofbaurat Gotthilf Ludwig Möckel from 1905 on behalf of the Mecklenburg Grand Duke in neo-Romanesque style and consecrated on October 18, 1908. The community belongs to the Rostock parish.
• The Catholic Church of St. Ursula is located on the grounds of the Catholic family holiday resort of St. Ursula and, together with Ribnitz-Damgarten and Marlow, belongs to the parish of Maria Hilfe der Christians in the Archdiocese of Hamburg .

politics

Community representation

Since the local elections on May 26, 2019 , the 15 seats in the municipal council have been distributed as follows:

town hall

Party / list	be right	Seats
Economic Association Graal-Müritz (WV)	22.5%	3
The left	22.2%	3
CDU	18.0%	3
SPD	14.3%	2
Individual applicant Thomas Kröppelien	08.0%	1
Friends of home Graal-Müritz	03.4%	1
Alliance 90 / The Greens	03.3%	1
Individual applicant Dieter Zenker	03.2%	1

mayor

• 1994–1997: Mathias Löttge (CDU)
• 1997–2018: Frank Giese (independent)
• since 2018: Benita Chelvier (CDU)

Chelvier was elected in the mayoral election on May 6, 2018 with 57.8% of the valid votes for a term of seven years.

badges and flags

Flag with the coat of arms of the municipality Graal-Müritz

The coat of arms was adopted by the municipal council on July 10, 1955 and is registered under No. 30 of the coat of arms of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. The coat of arms was designed by the Graal-Müritzer Walter Gutknecht. Blazon : “Split; in front in blue a vertical, outward-facing, silver fish, behind in gold a green, upright oak leaf. "

The flag of the municipality of Ostseeheilbad Graal-Müritz shows the colors silver (white), blue, gold (yellow), green and silver (white) in five longitudinal stripes. The two outer stripes each take up a third, the middle stripes each a ninth of the flag height. In the middle of the flag cloth, halfway across the silver (white) stripes, is the municipal coat of arms. The length of the flag is related to the height as 5: 3.

Town twinning

There is a partnership with the Schleswig-Holstein community of Barsbüttel .

Sights and culture

Buildings and monuments

→ See also the list of architectural monuments in Graal-Müritz

Pier and beach

The architecture of the place is - as in many other spa and bathing resorts on the Mecklenburg Baltic Sea coast - characterized by numerous buildings in the style of the North German spa architecture .

• Pier, 350 m long, 3 m wide and has a bridgehead at the end with a width of 12.5 m. At this point the water depth averages 4.2 m. The foundation piles are made of 2.5 cm thick ST 52 steel with a length of 11 to 17 m and a diameter of 76.2 cm. As wooden superstructure was larch used the berthing made of oak . The bridge was built from October 1992 to March 1993 with funds from the joint task “Improvement of the regional economic structure” and funds from the European Regional Development Fund from the Graal-Müritz municipality and spa administration based on a design by b & o engineers from Hamburg . From April to October Baltic cruises to Warnemünde and Darß are offered from the pier .

There were already several piers before that, most of which were destroyed by storm surges or heavy ice drifts. The owner of the first hotel ("Anastasia") built a jetty in Graal-Müritz as early as 1882 to offer his guests steamboat connections to Warnemünde . A year later, in November 1883, the bridge was destroyed by a storm surge, as was the bridge that was subsequently renewed. It was so badly damaged in the winter of 1890/1891 that it too had to be demolished. In 1905, a 320 meter long sea landing bridge near the river ditch was financed by a private individual. Five years later, the builder Thiel , who was also responsible for the municipality's water tower, built another 225-meter-long bridge. Both were destroyed in a New Year's Eve storm surge in 1913. The new superstructures lasted until 1940/1941, when heavy ice drift again caused severe damage to the bridges, which led to the demolition. Another, short jetty was torn down by the Red Army, as they feared attempts by vacationers to flee across the Baltic Sea.

Mill in Graal by Willibald Leo von Lütgendorff-Leinburg

• Local history museum, has a permanent exhibition entitled “From the fishing village to the seaside spa”. The first period describes the founding period from 1328 to 1880, the second the time of the community in the Third Reich . The last section deals with the development of Graal-Müritz since 1945. There is also a gallery by the painter Joachim Weyrich . There is also a Galerieholländer windmill, which was built in 1852 and has served as a residential building since the 1960s.
• Lukaskirche , named after Saint Luke , built in the neo-Romanesque style and consecrated on October 18, 1908 in the presence of Grand Duke Friedrich Franz IV of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and his wife Alexandra.
• St. Ursula Church , named after Ursula , the ninth and last abbess of the Poor Clare Monastery in Ribnitz . The interior was designed by the Berlin sculptor Paul Brandenburg , the leaded glass windows by the Nettetal artist Johannes Beeck .

Portrait bust of Richard Assmann

• Memorial stone for Richard Assmann , who was murdered by SA men during the Köpenick Blood Week in 1933 , on the premises of the rehabilitation clinic (since 1951). Since 1978 a bust created by the sculptor Wolfgang Eckardt also commemorates him .
• Water tower in the street Am Wasserturm , completed in 1913, 32 meters high. The master builder was Wilhelm Piehl, who was later given honorary citizenship of the community. The tower supplied the community with drinking water until 1988 and held around 150 m³. It has been privately owned since 2005.
• Villa at Fritz-Reuter-Straße 17, the writer Rudolf Presber wrote the novel Haus Ithaka about it in 1926 .

nature

Rhododendron Park

Entrance to the Ribnitzer Großes Moor nature reserve

Graal-Müritz, as a seaside spa, is a classic bathing and health resort. The place has a 4 km long, natural sandy beach along the southwest coast of the Baltic Sea and is surrounded by the forest area " Rostocker Heide ". The mixture of lake and forest air creates a natural healing climate, which has established several health clinics in addition to numerous hotels and guest houses.

To the east, Graal-Müritz borders the Ribnitzer Großes Moor nature reserve , where natural history tours are offered on a nature trail.

The Graal-Müritz rhododendron park in the west of the village is unique in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and one of the largest of its kind in Germany with a size of 4.5 hectares and around 2500 shrubs.

Regular events

Regular musical events take place on an open-air stage in the forecourt of the pier, in the concert pavilion of the Rhododendron Park and in a beach shelter.

Event highlights of the year are:

• New year fire at the pier (January 1st)
• Craft market at the beginning of spring (March)
• Easter fire at the pier (March / April)
• Rhododendron Park Festival in the Rhododendron Park (May)
• Midsummer Eve Festival (June)
• Pier festival with fireworks (July)
• Summer party with summer party (August)
• Festival of the Bog Spirits (September)
• Snail run (November), each participant in the run receives a crumble snail at the finish, which is sponsored by the local bakers
• Christmas market (December)

Economy and Infrastructure

economy

Rehab clinic

Solar powered DLRG water rescue station

The economy of Graal-Müritz is characterized by small and medium-sized companies from the craft and tourism sectors . In addition, are especially more rehab - hospitals , hotels and numerous pensions of economic importance. In the tourism sector, the health resort has specialized primarily in active holidays and health offers.

traffic

Graal-Müritz is located on the L 22 state road between Rostock and Ribnitz-Damgarten . The closest motorway junction is Rostock-Nord on the A 19 (Rostock-Berlin).

The station Graal-Müritz is on the Mecklenburg Spa Railway . It is served by the regional train line RB 12 ( Rostock Hauptbahnhof - Graal-Müritz).

The closest airport is Rostock-Laage .

education

• primary school
• special school
• Greenhouse School, integrated all-day and comprehensive school with upper secondary school in non-profit, private sponsorship

Sports

• TSV Graal-Müritz sports field
• "Aquadrom" adventure swimming pool with additional spa, health and sports options

Personalities

Honorary citizen

• 1928: Rudolf Presber (1868–1935), writer
• 2005: Hans-Joachim Vergin (* 1926)
• 2011: Walter Gutknecht (1931-2020)

Sons and daughters of the place

• Eckhart Lewering (* 1943), politician (SPD)
• Horst Freese (* 1944), speed skater
• Susann Uplegger (* 1971), actress

Personalities associated with Graal-Müritz

• Carl von Mettenheimer (1824–1898), physician, founder of the first children's hospital
• Carl Malchin (1838–1923), landscape painter; the works "Torfbrücke" (1901) and "Teerofen bei Müritz" (1906) come from him
• Karl Lorenz Rettich (1841–1904), painter, lived in the "Villa Antonie" since 1897 in the summer
• Georg Kaulbach (1866–1945), painter, lived in the village
• Lyonel Feininger (1871–1956), painter and graphic artist, lived temporarily in the village
• Paul Schreiber, (1873–1921), painter, designed the painting of the Protestant church, lived in the house "at home"
• Franz Schreker (1878–1934), composer, spent the summer of 1923 in Graal and composed parts of his opera " Irrelohe " here
• Franz Kafka (1883–1924), writer, met Dora Diamant in July 1923 in Graal-Müritz
• Hans Vollrath Kirsch (1886–1953), poet and landscape painter, lived in the village
• Severa Dennstedt (1893–1971), painter, lived in the village
• Herbert Bartholomäus (1910–1973), graphic artist and illustrator, created drawings of the place, such as the rhododendron park
• Werner Timm (1927–1999), art historian, grew up in Graal-Müritz
• Paul Brandenburg (* 1930), sculptor, designed the interior of the Catholic Church of St. Ursula
• Herbert Nachbar (1930–1980), writer, lived in the village
• Heino Kleiminger (1939–2015), soccer player, lived in the village
• Joachim Weyrich (* 1945), head of the Graal-Müritz Local History Museum
• Mathias Löttge (* 1958), former mayor of the town

See also

• List of architectural monuments in Graal-Müritz
• List of streets and squares in Graal-Müritz

literature

• Uwe Gerig (Ed.): Graal-Müritz . Ruth Gerig, Königstein / Ts 1994, ISBN 3-928275-36-4 , p. 48 .
• Dorothea Puttkammer, Joachim Puttkamer: Ostseeheilbad Graal-Müritz. Pearl by the sea . Geiger, Horb am Neckar 2005, ISBN 3-86595-005-1 , p. 96 .
• Joachim Puttkamer: Visual artists in Graal-Müritz . 1st edition. Klaschmohn Verlag, Bentwisch / Rostock 2003, ISBN 3-933574-28-5 , p. 52 .

Web links

Commons : Graal-Müritz  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikivoyage: Graal-Müritz  - travel guide

• Website of the Graal-Müritz community
• Website of the Graal-Müritz tourism and health resort
• Gravestones from the Graal-Müritz cemetery

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Statistisches Amt MV - population status of the districts, offices and municipalities 2019 (XLS file) (official population figures in the update of the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ↑ Main statute of the municipality of Ostseeheilbad Graal-Müritz, § 2
3. ↑ ^{a b c d} Joachim Puttkamer: Baltic spa Graal-Müritz. Pearl by the sea . 2005
4. ^ Paul Kühnel: The Slavic place names in Meklenburg . In: Yearbooks of the Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology . Vol. 46, 1881, ISSN  0259-7772 , pp. 3-168, here p. 55
5. ↑ Population development of the districts and municipalities in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Statistical Report AI of the Statistical Office Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania)
6. ^ Result of the local election on May 26, 2019
7. ^ Application for entry in the Graal-Müritz community's book of honor for Frank Giese
8. ↑ Main statute of the municipality of Ostseeheilbad Graal-Müritz, § 8
9. ^ New mayor in Graal-Müritz. In: Ostsee-Zeitung , May 6, 2018.
10. ↑ How Graal-Müritz got its coat of arms. In: Community courier Ostseeheilbad Graal-Müritz , August 4, 2014, p. 9.
11. ↑ Uwe Gerig (Ed.): Graal-Müritz . 1994, p. 6
12. ↑ tourism and Kur GmbH: Graal-Müritz: The Baltic resort with tradition, A-Z . 2012–2013, p. 11
13. ↑ Tourismus und Kur GmbH: Accommodation directory . 2012, p. 13
14. ↑ Tourismus und Kur GmbH: Accommodation directory . 2012, p. 15
15. ↑ Annual event highlights
16. ^ Greenhouse School Graal-Müritz
17. ↑ 25 years of library in the house "Ithaka". In: Community courier Ostseeheilbad Graal-Müritz , October 5, 2015, p. 7.
18. ↑ ^{a b} Moor and sea and vacationers ... Festival of the moor spirits - a thankful look back. In: Community courier Ostseeheilbad Graal-Müritz , October 5, 2018, p. 6.