Prerow

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 54 ° 27 '  N , 12 ° 34'  E
Basic data
State :	Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
County :	Western Pomerania-Ruegen
Office :	Darß / Fischland
Height :	3 m above sea level NHN
Area :	11.33 km 2
Residents:	1463 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	129 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	18375
Area code :	038233
License plate :	VR, GMN, NVP, RDG, RÜG
Community key :	13 0 73 067
Office administration address:	Chausseestr. 68a 18375 Born a. Darß
Website :	prerow.darss-fischland.de
Mayor :	René Roloff (Prerow's Future)
Location of the municipality of Prerow in the district of Vorpommern-Rügen

The Ostseebad Prerow [ ˈpreːroː ] ( listening ^{? / I} ) is a municipality of the Darß / Fischland office with its seat in Born a. Darß in the district of Vorpommern-Rügen in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania . The greater part of it is located on the Darß , a smaller part is on the Zingst peninsula , both parts of the Fischland-Darß-Zingst peninsula .

Prerow is a seaside resort on the Baltic Sea between the cities of Rostock and Stralsund . The Ostseebad Prerow is surrounded by the National Park Vorpommersche Boddenlandschaft .

The name Prerow means something like "ditch" or "breakthrough", is derived from the Slavic word prerova and initially applied to the Prerow Current , which played an important role as a waterway between Barth and the Baltic Sea as early as the 14th century .

geology

The municipality of Prerow is located in a geologically very young landscape, the process of which began with the end of the Vistula Ice Age around 12,000 years ago. This left a young moraine landscape here . The thawing inland ice lifted the land below, and the hollows were filled with water; the predecessor of the later Baltic Sea, the Ancylussee , was created. So only the protruding ridges remained as islands. The large forms of the coasts in the southern part of the Baltic Sea were formed by the Littorina transgression about 7000 to 2500 years ago.

About 5000 years ago the sea level reached its present level, the cores of today's Darß and Zingst became islands. 4,500 years ago, the influx of salt water from the North Sea was severely restricted. The Baltic Sea has been slowly sweetening since then. Due to coastal erosion (land erosion , drifting and sedimentation), the islands of that time acquired their present shape over time. About 1500 years ago, the increasingly longer spits cut off the bays behind them, so that the Darß-Zingster Boddenkette was created. At the end of the 14th century, the Darß became a peninsula when the estuary south and north of the Fischland was closed. In 1874 the Prerower Strom between the Darß and the Zingst was artificially closed. The land formation process continues today. Prerow lies between the landfall areas Darßer Ort and Bock . As a result, sediment is transported in a west-east direction and the beach in front of Prerow loses land every year. The loss was mostly caused by storm floods, so that this process has been weakened today by coastal protection measures.

history

Prerow, aerial photo 2006

Prerow pier

The fishing and seafaring village Prerow was first mentioned in the 12th century. To the east of Prerow, on what is now the Zingst peninsula, the remains of a medieval castle, called the "Hertesburg" , can be found on the Prerower Strom . The Hertesburg is in the reign of the Rügen Prince Wizlaws III. mentioned for the first time in writing and during the 14th century was the scene of armed conflicts between Mecklenburg, Pomeranian and Rügen troops several times. As part of Pomerania, Prerow was Swedish from the Thirty Years' War to the Congress of Vienna and came to the Prussian province of Pomerania on October 23, 1815 as "New Western Pomerania" . From 1715 to 1720 Prerow belonged to the Kingdom of Denmark until the end of the Great Northern War .

Since the 17th century the Prerower operated seafaring. Three sailing shipyards were also built in the village . Were built schooner , yacht , Briggs , barges and other types of ships. In 1872 the heavy storm flood of the Baltic Sea put all of Prerow under water. As a result, it was decided to close the Prerower Strom , which connected the Baltic Sea with the Bodstedter Bodden east of Prerow .

With the decline of sailing at the end of the 19th century, Prerow became an important bathing and health resort. The seclusion of the place and the wide, flat beach of white, stone-free sand made an important contribution to this.

In the 19th and 20th centuries, artists of regional and then supra-regional importance settled: Marianne von Werefkin and Alexej Jawlensky , who belonged to the Neue Künstlervereinigung München , lived in the "Villa Seestern" in Waldstrasse in the summer of 1911. At the same time, the Brücke painter Erich Heckel was only a short distance away with the dancer Sidi Riha in the “Landhaus Dorneneck” on Grünen Strasse. These three expressionist painters made Prerow known to an international art audience.

From 1921 onwards, the pedagogue Fritz Klatt founded the Prerow primary school in several steps . There he called his group together at the turn of the year 1924/25 to write a memorandum on teacher training , as he was part of the advisory group to the Prussian Minister of Education, Carl Heinrich Becker . In 1931 the “Prerower Formula” for free adult education was finally adopted. In 1934 he had to rename the elementary school home to “Leisure and Recreation Home”, which was allowed to exist until 1939, dispensing with political issues.

After 1949, the seaside resort of Prerow was considered the GDR's Mallorca . The beaches were filled in six rows over several kilometers. In summer, 20 times as many vacationers as residents populated the place. The campground alone , today's Rainbow Camp Prerow, temporarily accommodated over 10,000 guests. Prerow was known throughout the GDR for its numerous discos such as the traditional Dünenhaus , Helgoland and Seestern .

During the GDR era, VEB Walzwerk Hettstedt maintained a tent camp as holiday accommodation for the children of its employees . There was also a warehouse of the Society for Sport and Technology (GST) in the village . The Volkswerft Stralsund also operated the pioneer holiday camp “ Kim Il Sung ” in Prerow .

Prerow was originally a scattered settlement . The starting point for settlement was the "Drümpel" located at the harbor. The districts adjoining it in the west are more recent and initially followed the highest dune ridges of the new land formation, which is still clearly visible further west in the Darß Forest. The old trees of oak, beech, ash, sycamore and other trees that have been preserved to this day are typical of the place, as well as the villages of Wieck and Born, and give the settlements a park-like character. As tourism grew in importance, vacant lots were built with tourist infrastructure step by step. The municipality of Prerow hopes to become a thermal bath through deep drilling .

On February 28, 2014, the offshore rescue helicopter Air ambulance 02 operated by the DRF Luftrettung crashed into the Baltic Sea during a winch exercise with the DGzRS rescue cruiser Theo Fischer in front of the community. Three crew members were killed, only the copilot survived slightly injured.

politics

Since the local elections on May 26, 2019, the ten municipal representatives have been divided as follows:

list	2014
WG trade association	3
WG Prerow's future	7th

René Roloff (WG Prerow's Future) has been re-elected as mayor.

Coat of arms, flag, official seal

The municipality has no officially approved national emblem, neither a coat of arms nor a flag . The official seal is the small state seal with the coat of arms of the region of Western Pomerania . It shows an upright griffin with a raised tail and the inscription "GEMEINDE OSTSEEBAD PREROW".

tourism

Tourist information at the parish square

Prerow's harbor in the evening (spherical panorama) Show
as spherical panorama

Tourism plays an important role in Prerow even today. Directly on the spot is a five-kilometer-long and up to 80-meter-wide, fine sandy beach with only gradually sloping banks. One of the largest nudist beaches in Germany is located here. To the west of Prerow lies the unspoilt Darßwald with the west beach, which is less frequented by bathers. Prerow has a sports boat harbor on the Prerower Strom with access to the Saaler Bodden . From this deep-sea protected port on the eastern edge of the village, excursion boats regularly go out for Bodden tours. The resting places of the cranes between Zingst and the island of Bock are also used during the season.

Attractions

Seemannskirche Prerow

Prerower electricity

→ See also the list of architectural monuments in Prerow

• The Seemannskirche Prerow , built in 1728, has a brick nave and a wooden tower. Here the visitor will find numerous model ships ( votive ships ), which were mostly donated to the Prerowers by rescued ship crews.
• Old captain's graves from around 1800 can still be found in the associated cemetery.
• The place is - like the Darß villages Born and Wieck - characterized by many old, mostly thatched captains' houses. These often adorn carved and brightly painted Darßer front doors with symmetrical, mostly floral motifs.
• The Darß Museum presents the geology, flora and fauna of the peninsula as well as the history of sailing and fishing. Old fishing boats are exhibited in the museum garden. Boat builders also instruct holidaymakers there in old craft techniques.
• To the west of Prerow is Darßer Ort with the old lighthouse and the Natureum nature exhibition .
• The painter Theodor Schultze-Jasmer lived in the Eschenhaus from 1779 at number 8 Grünen Strasse
• The 394 meter long and 3.5 meter wide Prerow pier was built in 1993.
• Tower Hill Prerow - field name: "Hertesburg" (old castle wall), early German with double moat, 3.3 km east - on the Prerow river
• Vogels Warte: eye-catching house with a tower at Heinestrasse 2, which the Berlin court administrator Vogel had built in 1910 as a summer residence and guesthouse and named after his family name.

Economy and Infrastructure

economy

The dominant economic factor in Prerow is tourism . With the construction of numerous holiday homes and a few hotels, the number of overnight stays has increased steadily since the fall of the Wall . There are two campsites on the peninsula.

In 1998 the “Barmer Ostseeklinik” of the Barmer Ersatzkasse was opened on the site of the former international pioneer camp “ Kim Il Sung ” . The specialist clinic for diseases of the respiratory tract, the skin, the musculoskeletal system, allergies and sleep disorders is a not insignificant economic factor for Prerow.

Formerly very important branches of the economy, such as agriculture and fishing, only play an insignificant role. Jobs were also lost as a result of the closure of the “Kim Il Sung” children's holiday camp.

traffic

Prerow aerial view from the west 2017

On the road, Prerow can be reached via Landesstraße 21. This runs from Ribnitz-Damgarten via Prerow along the Fischland-Darß-Zingst peninsula chain to Barth . The town of Ribnitz-Damgarten is 38 kilometers and the town of Barth 14 kilometers from Zingst.

The Baltic Sea Cycle Route runs through Prerow . The dike along the Baltic Sea or in its rear position is designated as a footpath and cycle path. Cycle paths lead to Darßer Ort with the old lighthouse and the associated nature exhibition " Natureum ".

Prerow can be reached via the regional bus route 210 (Ribnitz-Damgarten - Born a. Darß - Barth - Stralsund) of the North Western Pomerania Transport Association . In the summer months, long-distance buses from various major cities in Germany also run to Prerow. From 1911 to 1947 Prerow was connected to the railway network via the Darßbahn . The station building still exists, but the tracks were dismantled as reparations after the Second World War . In 1954 a pioneer railway operated in Prerow between the Bernsteigweg and the Dünenhaus . The closest train connection is made by the RB 25 , which runs from Barth every two hours to Velgast train station . There is a connection to long-distance trains on the ICE 26 and IC 30 lines .

From the small port on the Prerower Strom , shipping lines to Vitte ( Hiddensee ), Ahrenshoop , Barth and Stralsund are operated. A new port on the Baltic Sea side with a marina for 400 berths at the Prerower Hohen Düne was rejected by the municipal council on September 16, 2010. He should as an alternative to the under constant silting suffering port of refuge Darßer Ort serve in the National Park.

As a replacement for the Darßer Ort emergency port, the pier in Prerow is to be extended to 530 meters in length, at its northern end an "island port" protected by stone walls with a berth for the rescue cruiser and up to 13 berths for sports boats is to be created. The cost was initially mentioned as twelve million euros. A residents' meeting held in April 2015 approved the construction project with 52.5%. In January 2018, costs of 20–28 million euros were then mentioned, also because the number of pleasure craft berths is to be increased to up to 30.

Barth Airport is located near Barth .

Culture

education

In Prerow there is an integrated comprehensive school with a gymnasium upper level and elementary school part independently sponsored. It comprises a day care center, elementary school, comprehensive school and a grammar school.

language

West Pomeranian - also known today as Western Pomeranian - is spoken in Prerow , a dialect of the East Low German language . The West Pomeranian shows some West Slavic influences. A hard, concise pronunciation is typical. Examples can be found in German-language literature in particular in the two fairy tales by the Brothers Grimm "Von dem Fischer un syner Fru" and "Von dem Machandelboom" as well as in the poem "Mine Heimat", which was later set to music (Where the Baltic waves hit the beach ...) , in which the Barther poet Martha Müller-Grählert describes her homeland in Western Pomerania.

Personalities related to the place

• Johann Segebarth (1833-1919), community leader and Low German local poet, lived in Prerow from 1861 onwards
• Erich Heckel (1883–1970), painted in Prerow in the summer of 1911
• Theodor Schultze-Jasmer (1888–1975), painter and photographer, lived in Prerow from 1921
• Albert Schaefer-Ast (1890–1951), draftsman, lived in Prerow until 1945
• Jo Schulz (1920–2007), writer, poet and cabaret artist, lived in Prerow for many years
• Gerhard Vontra (1920–2010), painter and graphic artist, lived and painted in Prerow during the summer months
• Volker Noth (* 1941), graphic artist, spent his childhood in Prerow
• Jürgen Bohmbach (* 1944), historian, was born in Prerow
• Dietmar Bartsch (* 1958), politician (Die Linke), lives in Prerow
• Sebastian Hämer (* 1979), singer, grew up in Prerow

literature

History and culture

• Gerta Anders, Käthe Miethe (ed.): The Darß and Zingst peninsula . Hinstorff, Rostock, ISBN 3-356-00860-9 .
• Heinz Kiecksee, P. Thran, H. Kruhl: The Ostseesturmflut 1872 . Writings of the German Maritime Museum. Vol. 2. Westholstein. VA, Heide, ISBN 3-8042-0116-4
• Daniel Nösler: The Hertesburg near Prerow, district of North Western Pomerania, and the order of the New Temple . Ethnographic-Archaeological Journal 47, 2006, 103–116
• Friedrich Schulz : Prerow on the Darss. A West Pomeranian Baltic seaside resort and its neighboring villages Wieck and Born . Ahrenshoop 1992
• Konrad Billwitz, Haik Thomas Porada on behalf of the Leibniz Institute for Regional Geography and Saxon Academy of Sciences in Leipzig (ed.): The Fischland-Darß-Zingst peninsula and the Barther Land . A geographical inventory in the area of ​​Wustrow, Prerow, Zingst and Barth (=  landscapes in Germany. Values ​​of the German homeland . Volume 71 ). Böhlau Verlag, Cologne 2009, ISBN 978-3-412-09806-3 .
• Antje Hückstädt, René Roloff: The cemetery in Prerow . Association for the Promotion of Home Care and the Darß Museum eV 2012, ISBN 978-3-9810791-8-0 .

cards

• Fischland, Darß, Zingst (double card ), 1: 30,000, green heart , Ilmenau / Ostseebad Wustrow. ISBN 978-3-929993-33-2 .

nature

• Harald Benke (Ed.): The Darß-Zingster Bodden. Monograph of a unique coastal landscape . Sea and museum. Vol. 16. German Oceanographic Museum, Stralsund 2001
• Günter Schlungbaum, Henning Baudler, Mathias Krech, Bernd Kwiatkowski: The Darß-Zingster Bodden. A study . Corrected 2nd version. Series of publications by the State Office for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Geology Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, State Office for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Geology Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Güstrow 2001.1, ISSN  0944-0836

Travel guides and illustrated books

• Frank Thamm: Darß, Fischland and Zingst . Ellert and Richter, Hamburg, ISBN 3-89234-815-4 .
• Roland Buchwald: Fischland, Darß and Zingst. Landscape and travel guide for hikers, water sports enthusiasts, cyclists and motorists . green heart , Ilmenau, ISBN 3-929993-52-X .
• Horst Prignitz, Thomas Grundner: Fischland, Darß, Zingst . Carl Hinstorff, Rostock 2004, ISBN 3-356-01056-5 .

Web links

Commons : Prerow  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikivoyage: Prerow  - travel guide

• Official homepage of the municipality of Prerow

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Statistisches Amt MV - population status of the districts, offices and municipalities 2019 (XLS file) (official population figures in the update of the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ^ Ostseebad Prerow - Darß - Geschichte & Tradition - Prerow's history In: ostseebad-prerow.de , accessed on April 17, 2018.
3. ↑ Friedrich Schulz: The Darß and Zingst peninsulas . Ahrenshoop 1998, p. 125
4. ↑ Bernd Fäthke: Marianne Werefkin . Munich 2001
5. ↑ Bernd Fäthke: Jawlensky and his companions in a new light . Munich 2004
6. ↑ Team www.rth.info: rth.info | Review: Investigation report by the BFU on the crash near Prerow (added). Retrieved November 2, 2017 . 
7. ↑ Accidents and disruptions in the operation of civil aircraft. (PDF) In: February 2014. Federal Bureau of Aircraft Accident Investigation, March 1, 2014, accessed on November 3, 2017 . 
8. ↑ Main Statute, Section 1, Paragraph 1 (PDF).
9. ^ Gerta Anders: The Prerower Heimatmuseum . In: Darß, Zingst, Fischland. Our little hiking booklet . Leipzig 1955, p. 32 f.
10. ↑ Final end for the Marina Prerow ( Memento from September 18, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
11. ^ Citizens' decision in Prerow: Port can be built. April 26, 2015. Retrieved October 18, 2017 . 
12. ↑ Wolfhart Fabarius: Prerow island port will be significantly more expensive than planned · Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania's Ministry of the Environment now estimates costs of 20 to 28 million euros . In: Daily port report from January 5, 2018, p. 3