Güstrow Cathedral School

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View of the Güstrow Cathedral School (2011)

The cathedral school Güstrow was a Latin school founded in 1552 by Duke Johann Albrecht I of Mecklenburg (1525–1576) and later a grammar school in Güstrow . Its building from 1575/79 is the oldest surviving school building in Mecklenburg .

Its history began in 1236 as a collegiate school for the training of young clerics , making it one of the oldest schools in the German-speaking area and the school with the longest history in what is now Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania .

history

The cathedral school from 1579 (labeled "L", left),
Güstrow Castle and the
court church, the "Güstrow Cathedral" (labeled "F")
(Fig. 1653)
Heinrich the Friedfertige , founder of the cathedral school
Güstrow cathedral school around 1800

There has been evidence of a school for the training of young clerics in Güstrow since the foundation of the Collegiate Foundation in 1236. In 1553 the New Cathedral School was established with the merger of the old Cathedral School and the Ratsschule, a Protestant school for scholars . Its founding was ordered in 1540 by Duke Heinrich the Peaceful . However, construction was not started until 1560 by the builder Philipp Brandin . The first principal of the school, Wolfgang Leupold (1517–1583), was recommended by Philipp Melanchthon .

Despite ongoing disputes between the dukes, who wanted to run the school as a princely school based on the Saxon model, and the council of the city of Güstrow about the school supervision, the cathedral school developed into the most prestigious school in the country in the following decades.

Theatrical performances have taken place in Güstrow since 1552. The actors were exclusively students from the Güstrow Cathedral School. The ideas that were supposed to help spread the evangelical doctrine were retained until the Thirty Years' War .

In 1662 the city was granted a compatronage and extensive school supervision through the permutation comparison. At the same time, the school regulations from 1602 were revised. Latin, previously the only language of instruction, was not used until the third grade and the school was opened to citizens. However, girls continued to be excluded. Further reforms of the school regulations took place in 1752 and, under the rectorate of Adolph Friedrich Fuchs based on the model of teaching in the schools of the Francke Foundations , in 1789. Although access to the university remained the goal of teaching, an emphasis was placed on general education Should benefit students who wanted to take up a practical civil profession. The timetable provided a course system in which the students were classified according to their abilities. Only Latin and religion remained compulsory for all students.

In 1942, the cathedral school, which was threatened in its existence, was merged with the secondary school founded in 1902, which had been named after the Low German poet John Brinckman since 1934 and already had three times the number of students. The old grammar school was closed. Until 1947 the school, which had its seat at Am Wall No. 6, was called "United John Brinckman School and Cathedral School". Today's John Brinckman High School celebrated its 450th anniversary in 1983.

building

View from Kerstingstrasse to the Renaissance gable of the cathedral school

For the cathedral school, a separate building in Renaissance style was built on Domplatz from 1575 to 1579 according to plans by the builder Philipp Brandin , which is considered the oldest surviving school building in Mecklenburg. It is a three-storey post construction with tenoned ceiling beams, mortise and tenon lock, brick facing and plastering. In 1904 there was an extension. The building was used as a school until 1974 and was then the museum's magazine.

On the occasion of the 450th anniversary of the cathedral school in 2003, the outer facade of the historical school building was reconstructed according to old findings.

In September 2007 the city council commissioned the mayor to develop an overall usage and renovation concept for the vacant building complex of the old cathedral school and the former Kersting school.

Library

The historical school library at the beginning of the 20th century comprised 60,000 volumes and was the largest of its kind in Mecklenburg. At times she took over the function of the public library for Güstrow. After the First World War , large parts of the old stock were transferred to the Museum of the City of Güstrow, where they were kept as a cultural history collection. Due to relocation in April 1945 and political circumstances in the immediate post-war period, the library was largely fragmented. Remnants are in the Güstrow Museum Library, which is now part of the Uwe Johnson Library , in the library of the John Brinckman Gymnasium and in the Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania State Library in Schwerin , including 19 incunabula in 14 volumes.

From the once important Hansen's picture collection of approx. 50,000 copperplate engravings, which Senator Georg Wilhelm Hansen (1736–1819) had compiled and kept in the cathedral school library since the mid-19th century, there are also only remnants (approx. 2,400 copperplate engravings) in the Museum preserved.

Well-known students of the cathedral school and the secondary school

Detail of the sculpture by Uwe Johnson in front of the John Brinckman High School

Known teachers

Adolf Friedrich Fuchs

literature

  • Johann Friedrich Besser: News from the Güstrow Cathedral School. Eleventh piece, Güstrow 1823 (list of all teachers at the cathedral school up to 1670)
  • Johann Friedrich Besser: News from the Güstrow Cathedral School. Twelfth piece, Güstrow 1823 (list of all teachers at the cathedral school from 1670 to 1824)
  • Peter Lack: The cathedral school in Güstrow. In: Güstrower Jahrbuch 2005, pp. 81–85 ISBN 3-00-014827-2 .
  • (Gustav Carl) Heinrich Raspe: School news from the cathedral school in Güstrow. 1853.
  • Heinrich Schnell: The education system of the Grand Duchies of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Strelitz. Berlin: A. Hofmann & Co. 1909 (Monumenta Germaniae Paedagogica), Volume 3, p. 382ff.
  • Steffen Stuth: From the Princely School to a modern educational institution. On the history of the cathedral school. In: Güstrower Jahrbuch 2005, pp. 85–91 ISBN 3-00-014827-2 .

Web links

Commons : Domschule Güstrow  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Cf. Joachim Kremer: The cantorate of the Baltic Sea region in the 18th century . S. 127 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  2. ↑ Cf. Joachim Kremer: The cantorate of the Baltic Sea region in the 18th century . S. 127 ( limited preview in Google Book search). , P. 127, footnote 2 with further references.
  3. ↑ Leupold had initially accompanied the administrator of Ratzeburg Christoph von Mecklenburg to Paris as a teacher in 1552 , where he had been sent as a hostage at the age of 15. See title. (No longer available online.) In: www.lexicus.de. Formerly in the original ; accessed on March 31, 2020 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.lexicus.de ; Reinhard Kade: Wolfgang Leupold, a Freiberg child, the educator of Duke Christoph von Mecklenburg . In: Mitteilungen des Freiberg Altertumsverein (1891) 27, pp. 49–54.
  4. ^ Architectural Guide GDR, Schwerin District, 1984, p. 75
  5. ↑ title. (No longer available online.) In: www.guestrow.de. Güstrower Stadtanzeiger, November 2007, formerly in the original ; accessed on March 31, 2020 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.guestrow.de
  6. ↑ Handbook of the historical book inventory , edited by Bernhard Fabian, digitized by Günter Kükenshöner, quoted here from the library of the Museum of the City of Güstrow. In: www.b2i.de. Göttingen State and University Library, accessed on March 31, 2020 .
  7. ↑ See also H. Maruardt: Die incunabeln der Domschulbibliothek zu Güstrow. School Program Easter 1907, p 24 -37
  8. ↑ life data. (No longer available online.) In: www.stadt-laage.de. Archived from the original on September 21, 2013 ; accessed on March 31, 2020 .
  9. ↑ Otto Becker. In: www.catalogus-professorum-halensis.de. Accessed March 31, 2020 .
  10. ↑ To the school chronicle and school statistics - Abitur certificate. (pdf; 1.6 MB) In: digital.ub.uni-duesseldorf.de. Retrieved March 31, 2020 (digitized version of a book, Chapter II, title not recognizable).
  11. ↑ Some of the prisoners held in special camp 11. In: www.camp198.fsnet.co.uk. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016 ; accessed on March 31, 2020 (CV up to 1945).
  12. ↑ Article in: New historical lexicon. In: www.haff-verlag.de/. Archived from the original on January 30, 2010 ; accessed on March 31, 2020 .
  13. ^ Superintendent Adolf Friedrich Fuchs. In: kenfuchs42.net. Retrieved on March 31, 2020 (English, fox life data).
  14. ↑ Peter Heßelmann, “Gereinigte Theater” , Frankfurt am Main 2002, p. 175, fn. 63 - ISBN 3465032160
  15. ↑ General Repertory of Literature . Volumes 3 and 4, 1823, pp. 466 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

Coordinates: 53 ° 47 ′ 29.8 "  N , 12 ° 10 ′ 25.9"  E