Heinrich Zander

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Pastor Heinrich Zander 1864

Heinrich David Friedrich Zander (born December 2, 1800 in Lohmen (Mecklenburg) , † May 22, 1876 in Grabow (Elde) ) was a German pastor and ornithologist .

Life

Heinrich Zander was born as the son of the Protestant theologian and church councilor (Dethlev Hartwig Diederich) Heinrich Zander (* 1763 in Güstrow; † 1845 in Badendiek) and his second wife, the landlord's daughter Auguste (Gustina Friederike Georgine Elisabeth), née. Müller (* 1772 in Alt Rehse; † 1829 in Lohmen), born. Father Heinrich Zander was pastor in Alt Rehse from 1788 and pastor in Lohmen from 1796 to 1838. The first marriage had five children, including Christian Ludwig Enoch Zander (* 1791 Alt Rehse; † 1872 Ratzeburg). From the second marriage there were four children, in addition to Heinrich Johann Christoph Carl Zander (* 1802 in Lohmen; † 1881 in Rostock) and Conrad Friedrich Zander (* 1805 in Lohmen; † 1871 in Güstrow).

Heinrich grew up in Lohmen and was tutored by his father along with his brothers. From 1814 he attended the cathedral school in Güstrow , which he left at Easter 1820 with the school leaving certificate . The successful completion of high school is confirmed by an assessment by the Rector of the Güstrower Anstalt, Johann Friedrich Besser. It says: Heinrich David Friedrich Zander a. Lohmen in Mecklenburg Schwerin for 2 years in Prima has earned our satisfaction through morality and hard work. Since he intends to visit the university to study theology, we dismiss him as a result of the proper examination with the certificate of maturity & our best wishes and hopes accompany him.

At his father's request, he began to study Protestant theology with his younger brother Carl Zander (1802–1881) at the University of Rostock . In Rostock, Zander devoted himself not only to studying theology, but probably also received initial suggestions for studying botany from the theologian (Heinrich) Gustav Floerke (1764–1835) as professor of natural history.

At Easter 1822 he moved with his brother to the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin , where he finished his studies in August 1823. Zander returned to Mecklenburg and initially took up a position as private tutor with the magistrate Grantze in Grabow .

On November 30, 1825, the theological examination finally took place with the court preacher Konsistorialrat Moritz Passow (1753-1830) in Ludwigslust . In the report of the superintendent Kleiminger zu Sternberg to the Grand Duke, one can read about the theological candidate, Heinrich Zander, among other things: ... showed excellent insight, ability and proficiency ... he demonstrated an excellent oral exam Knowledge not only of the basic language of the Bible, but also of theological sciences and of the exposition and defense of the truth of Christianity. However, it was also noted: He is not musical and can neither play the organ nor lead the church singing.

In the same year he founded a small private school in Grabow. Through his friendship with the dentist Friedrich Ludwig Christian Madauss , Zander also got to know his sister, his future wife.

On January 8, 1830, he married Henriette Marie Madauss (born September 5, 1806 in Parchim ; † April 4, 1899 in Grabow), daughter of the goldsmith and silversmith Johann Christian Georg Madauss .

From 1830 Zander was assistant preacher and rector of the city school in Lübz . The years in Lübz were very difficult for Zander in professional terms. He had to teach during the week and preach every Sunday and twice on holidays.

From February 12, 1843, Zander, now 42 years old, began to work for the next 32 years as a pastor in the village church of Barkow near Plau . After his retirement to Michaelis (September 29th) 1875 he moved back to Grabow with his wife, where he died at the age of 75.

The theologian Christian Zander was an older half-brother .

Natural history work

Zander's gray woodpecker in the Müritzeum
Mecklenburg Bird Book

Heinrich Zander was born with a love for ornithology. Even the father, pastor in Lohmen, enjoyed bird watching and owned a bird collection. As a child and adolescent he was interested in nature and especially in the bird world. During my studies in Rostock I was also interested in botany . During his time as a private tutor in Grabow , he continued his natural history studies and made friends with the dentist Friedrich Ludwig Christian Madauss, the son of the court gold worker Johann Christian Georg. With this he shared a passion for ornithology and botany. In Grabow he also dealt with collecting and dissecting birds and began to systematically study the bird world. Before moving from Grabow to Lübz, he sold part of his bird collection. There he began to complete and expand his collection with around 2000 specimens. He had already learned how to prepare birds under the guidance of his father.

Zander was a co-founder of the Association of Friends of Natural History in Mecklenburg (1847), the German Ornithological Society, and a member of the ornithological section of the association founded by Hartwig von Preen in 1860. He was in correspondence with leading ornithologists such as Eugen Ferdinand von Homeyer , August Carl Eduard Baldamus and Christian Ludwig Brehm . He was a corresponding member of the Natural Research Society in Rostock . In 1837, Zander began to publish a natural history of Mecklenburg's birds . By 1853 eight deliveries of this commendable work had appeared. For reasons unknown, the work was not completed.

One of the first prehistoric finds from Barkow comes from Heinrich Zander. In 1854 he left the fragment of a Bronze Age hand mountain to the Association for Mecklenburg History and Antiquity .

Heinrich Zander's scientific achievements were recognized in 1858 with the award of an honorary doctorate from the Philosophical Faculty of the University of Rostock. The doctoral certificate was issued on January 30, 1858 by Grand Duke Friedrich Franz II of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.

For his ornithological studies, Zander had put together a collection of bird hides, which in 1861 comprised around 2000 specimens. Forty years later, only 32 copies of this important collection were left. In 1906, Enoch Zander handed this over to the von Maltzan Natural History Museum for Mecklenburg , which is now the Müritzeum , which was founded in 1866 by Hermann von Maltzan in Waren . 22 bird preparations and two bird eggs have been preserved to this day.

In reference to the "Thuringian bird pastor" Christian Ludwig Brehm , Renate Seemann described Zander as a "Mecklenburg bird pastor". Founder of Ornithology in Mecklenburg is Adolph Christian Siemssen (1768-1833). The Caminer pastor Gustav Clodius (1866–1944) also emerged as an ornithologist.

Honors

  • Honorary doctorate from the University of Rostock (1858)
  • Heinrich Zander-Straße (formerly Barkower Dorfstraße) in Barkhagen (decision January 2015, valid from April 1, 2015)

Fonts

  • Natural history of the birds of Mecklenburg , 8 deliveries. Wismar 1837-1853. 640 p.
  • Something about the modifications of Motacilla alba, L. and Budytes flavus, Cuv. In: Naumannia . tape 1 , no. 4 , 1851, pp. 53-60 ( online [accessed April 20, 2012]).
  • Systematic overview of the birds of Mecklenburg . In: Archives of the Friends of Natural History in Mecklenburg . tape 15 , 1862, p. 44-150 .

literature

  • ZANDER ARCHIVE, NEWS from our ancestors, collected in 1859 by Prof. Dr. Christian Ludwig Enoch ZANDER, Director of the Lauenburg School of Academics in Ratzeburg. The original manuscript was in the possession of Prof. Dr. Enoch Ludwig Dethlev Hartwig ZANDER as professor of zoology at the University of Erlangen. Copy made by Paul-Rene ZANDER in Kirchzarten im Breisgau, autumn 1953.
  • Gustav Willgeroth : The Mecklenburg-Schwerin Parishes since the Thirty Years' War. Vol. 1. Wismar 1924. pp. 313, 435.
  • Walter Kintzel, Wolfgang Mewes: The bird world of the Lübz district. Schwerin 1983, pp. 6-7.
  • Zander, Heinrich David Friedrich. In: Grete Grewolls: Who was who in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania? A dictionary of persons. Bremen 1995, ISBN 3-8310-8282-0 .
  • Walter Kintzel; Wolfgang Mewes: Dr. Heinrich David Friedrich Zander, the most important ornithologist in Mecklenburg. In: 725 years of Barkow. A little chronicle 1274–1999. Barkow 1999. pp. 10-12.
  • Renate Seemann: Heinrich David Friedrich Zander (1800–1876) - pastor and ornithologist in Mecklenburg. In: Archives of the Friends of Natural History in Mecklenburg . Vol. 44 (2005), pp. 5-64.
  • Renate Seemann: Heinrich David Friedrich Zander (1800–1876), the Mecklenburg bird pastor. In: Yearbook for Mecklenburg Church History. Vol. 13 (2010). ISBN 978-3-941917-03-3 , pp. 119-165.
  • Renate Seemann: Zander, Heinrich 1800–1876 pastor, ornithologist. In: Biographical Lexicon for Mecklenburg. Vol. 6 (2011). ISBN 978-3-7950-3750-5 . Pp. 302-304.

swell

Printed sources

Unprinted sources

  • State Main Archive Schwerin (LHAS)
    • LHAS 2.21-1 Government 1748–1848.
    • LHAS 5.12-7 / 1 Mecklenburg-Schwerin Ministry for Education, Art, Spiritual and Medical Matters.
      • No. 3541 Lübz City School Fasc. II.
  • State Church Archives Schwerin (LKAS)
    • LKAS, OKR Schwerin, Personalia and Examina Z 25 HDF ​​Zander
    • Files Preacher Lübz, Barkow
  • Archive of the Müritz Museum Waren
    • Natural History State Collection 1905/06.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Paul-Rene Zander: Das Zander'sche Familienbuch. Kirchzarten 2002, VIII / 2007.
  2. ↑ So the main form of name documented according to pastors directory by Gustav Willgeroth. Also in 1819, at the census in Mecklenburg-Schwerin , Zander only gave his first name as Heinrich . He and his brother Carl can be found in the counting lists from Güstrow (p. 960, No. 620 and 621), where both were high school students.
  3. ↑ Zander Archive 1859, PRZ VIII / 2007.
  4. ^ Renate Seemann: Heinrich David Friedrich Zander, the Mecklenburg bird pastor. 2010. p. 120.
  5. ↑ Link to the data on Zander's matriculation in the Rostock matriculation portal
  6. ^ Renate Seemann: Heinrich David Friedrich Zander, the Mecklenburg bird pastor. 2010, p. 121.
  7. ↑ after Willgeroth: 1826 as a private teacher.
  8. ↑ Information and name spelling follow Gustav Willgeroth : The Mecklenburg-Schwerin Parishes since the Thirty Years War . Wismar, 1925. p. 485. - Other sources give the year of marriage and name of the bride differently.
  9. ↑ Walter Kintzel, Wolfgang Mewes: Dr. Heinrich David Friedrich Zander. In: Eine kleine Chronik 1274–1999. 725 years of Barkow. 1999, p. 10.
  10. ↑ Grete Grewolls: Who was who in Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania. The dictionary of persons . Hinstorff Verlag, Rostock 2011, ISBN 978-3-356-01301-6 , p. 11117 .
  11. ↑ Hans Hentschel: On the settlement history of the Barkower Flur in prehistoric times . In: Eine kleine Chronik 1274–1999. 725 years of Barkow . 1999, p. 8.
  12. ↑ MJB 19 (1854), p. 316
  13. ↑ Renate Seemann: Zander, Heinrich. Biographical Lexicon for Mecklenburg, 2011 p. 304.
  14. ↑ Gustav Clodius - old master of ornithology in Mecklenburg (mecklenburg-natur.de)
personal data
SURNAME Zander, Heinrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Zander, Heinrich David Friedrich (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German pastor and ornithologist in Mecklenburg
DATE OF BIRTH December 2, 1800
PLACE OF BIRTH Lohmen (Mecklenburg)
DATE OF DEATH May 22, 1876
Place of death Grabow (Elde)