Hermann von Maltzan (explorer)

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Hermann von Maltzan

Hermann Friedrich Joachim von Maltzan , Freiherr zu Wartenberg and Penzlin (born December 18, 1843 in Rostock , † February 19, 1891 in Berlin ) was a German explorer and poet. He dedicated himself to conchology .

biography

education

Hermann von Maltzan (No. 738 of the gender census ) came from the Rothenmoor house of the Mecklenburg prehistoric noble family of Maltza (h) n . He was the youngest son of District Administrator Friedrich von Maltzan, Freiherrn zu Wartenberg and Penzlin (1783–1864) on Rothenmoor, Dahmen , Sagel and Federow. Julius von Maltzan was his brother.

Up to the age of 16 he was raised by private tutors who encouraged his keen interest in natural history at an early age. At the age of 16 he switched to the grammar school in Neubrandenburg , which he attended until graduation at Easter 1861. During a summer holiday in Trouville-sur-Mer in Normandy on the French coast of the English Channel in 1863 , the multitude of shellfish that occurred there solidified his scientific interest and fundamentally strengthened him in his later life. The studies that began at the University of Rostock in the fall of 1861 remained only a brief episode.

Collective trips

Federow manor house

As early as 1864 he gave up student life in Rostock and went on his first collecting trip through southern France, to Spain, Italy and Egypt. He returned in 1865 with thousands of exhibits, as a trained expert due to his collecting activities and recognized for his knowledge of malacoology . He enlarged his own collection by purchasing important collections such as that of the dealer Landauer in Frankfurt and in 1873 that of the consul Gruner in Bremen. In 1866 he founded the von Maltzan`sches Natural History Museum for Mecklenburg , Maltzaneum for short, and thus laid the foundation for today's Müritzeum in Waren. From 1874 to 1880 he was chairman of the Association of Friends of Natural History in Mecklenburg and was then appointed its corresponding member.

At first he also took over the management of his inherited estates Federow and Schwarzenhof (both today districts of Kargow ) near Waren, but sold them in 1877 in order to be able to concentrate fully on his natural history interests and, attracted by today's Museum of Natural History , moved to Berlin to be able to. As early as 1878 he moved to Frankfurt am Main , near the Senckenberg Natural Research Society and its important collections ( Senckenberg Natural History Museum ).

From 1879 to 1883 he undertook another major research trip, which initially took him back to the Iberian Peninsula, where in Portugal he mainly explored the Algarve , which had hitherto been largely ignored . He then traveled to West Africa, where he mainly worked in Senegal . Back in Frankfurt in 1882, he was one of the founders of the German Colonial Association . Then his path took him via Greece and Crete to the Mediterranean coast of the Asian part of Turkey.

  • Conchylia first described by Hermann von Maltzan

  • Nassarius pachychilus

  • Drillia ballista

  • Drillia tripter

He returned in 1883 and initially lived in Darmstadt, before returning to Berlin in 1885, where he also began his extensive literary work, which is less important than his natural history collecting activities. The numerous plays were mostly not published under his real name.

Works

Natural history

  • To the Cap S. Vincent. Journey through the Kingdom of Algarve. Frankfurt 1880.

Literary works

  • 1883: The Artenstein.
  • 1884: The nobility calendar. , A famous man. , The art merchants.
  • 1885: Joyful. , The association. , Melidoni.
  • 1890: The wage war.
  • 1892 (postmortem): The Messiah of the Jews.

literature

  • Carl Struck : Hermann von Maltzan, Freiherr zu Wartenberg and Penzlin. In: Archives of the Association of Friends of Natural History in Mecklenburg. 45 (1891) pp. 138-150.
  • Michalis Georgiou, Melidoni by Hermann von Maltzan (1843-1891): a German tragedy about the Cretan Question. (Initial Publication), https://12iccs.proceedings.gr/en/proceedings/category/38/34/558
  • Viktor Hantzsch :  Maltzan, Hermann Friedrich Freiherr von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 52, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1906, pp. 165-167.
  • Heidi Hecht: Hermann Freiherr von Maltzan. A biography. In: Neubrandenburg Mosaic. Local history yearbook of the regional museum Neubrandenburg. Volume 18, 1994, pp. 57-73. [With bibliography and portrait]
  • H. Crosse, P. Fischer: Obituary. In: J. de Conchyliology, 40, 1892, 115-116.
  • W. Kobelt: Obituary. In: Nachrichtenblatt der Deutschen Malakozoologische Gesellschaft , 23, 1891, 141–142.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The frequently stated information in the lit. that he was born on his father's estate Rothenmoor near Waren (Müritz) is incorrect!
  2. ↑ After the entry in the Rostock matriculation portal , matriculation took place on November 2, 1861 as stud.phil.
  3. ↑ Struck (lit.) p. 141
  4. ↑ Obituary. In: Archives of the Association of Friends of Natural History in Mecklenburg 45 (1891), endpaper
personal data
SURNAME Maltzan, Hermann von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Maltzan, Hermann Friedrich Joachim von (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German explorer and poet
DATE OF BIRTH December 18, 1843
PLACE OF BIRTH Rostock
DATE OF DEATH February 19, 1891
Place of death Berlin