Julius von Maltzan

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Otto Julius von Maltzan, Freiherr zu Wartenberg and Penzlin (born August 4, 1812 in Brustorf, † September 24, 1896 in Doberan ) was a Mecklenburg landlord and monastery captain, and as a politician and journalist a conservative advocate of the rural constitution.

Live and act

Julius von Maltzan (No. 731 of the gender census ) comes from the old and branched Mecklenburg noble family von Maltza (h) n . He was the fourth son of District Administrator Friedrich von Maltzan (1783–1864) on Rothenmoor, now a part of Dahmen , from his first marriage to Friederike, née. von Dewitz (1786–1833), the eldest daughter of the Mecklenburg-Strelitz secret council and chamber president Ulrich Otto III. from Dewitz to Miltzow . Albrecht von Maltzan was his brother, Hermann von Maltzan his youngest (half) brother. At the time of his birth, the father was a landowner on Peckatel (municipality of Klein Many ) in the knighthood office of Stavenhagen , but lived on the Brustorf subsidiary.

He received his first upbringing in his parents' house from various tutors. At Easter 1827 he went to the grammar school in Neustrelitz, at Easter 1883 he passed the final exam with difficulty and went to Berlin with his brother Albrecht to study law there at the request of his father. In the spring of 1834 he went to Heidelberg for a year, from where he made trips to Switzerland and Northern Italy. In the next two years he attended the universities in Göttingen and Rostock. After agricultural and legal studies at the University of Göttingen , Julius von Maltzan was enfeoffed in 1837 with the Klein Luckow estate, now part of Vollrathsruhe , which his father had bought for him, and was thus eligible for parliament . He managed the estate himself from 1838 to 1854 and, after his time as monastery captain in Dobbertin, from 1866 until it was sold in 1880.

As a strictly ecclesiastical and conservative-minded member of the agricultural knighthood, he took a strong part in the negotiations of the Mecklenburg state parliaments, which he regularly attended. He was considered one of the strongest advocates of the traditional state constitution of Mecklenburg against all reforms. At the state parliaments in 1866 and 1867 he was the spokesman for the first major disputes in the knighthood and at the state parliament in 1869, together with Arthur Graf von Bernstorff in Wedendorf, he supported a petition by Georg Adolph Demmler for the enactment of a liberal Mecklenburg press law. In his writings he depicts the united estates (not the Grand Duke!) As the authority appointed by God. He saw the task of the knighthood in particular to preserve the estate as a moral good entrusted to them by God for the whole country and against everyone To defend attack . In his main work, Some good Mecklenburg men , he depicts them as role models in 34 portraits of preferably aristocratic Mecklenburgers . In 1868 he was elected as a deputy of the Wendish district in the select committee of the state parliament and in 1871 he was re-elected for a further three years. For decades he was the leading focus of class life and also took an active part in regional church conferences. He also enjoyed the highest respect from political opponents.

On August 4, 1841, in Neubrandenburg, he married Freiin Anna von Bülow (born January 29, 1821), the youngest daughter of Freiherr Friedrich Ernst von Bülow († 1834), co-owner of Abbensen and owner of Göddenstedt (municipality of Rosche ). They were happily married and had six children, three sons and three daughters. The latter are: Elisabeth Magdalene, Anna Luise and Marie Auguste Ottilie. Elisabeth was a conventual in the Dobbertin monastery, Anna in the Malchow monastery. Sons were: Joachim Ludolf, Max Ferdinand and Otto-Friedrich. The house was extinguished after Max's death in 1897.

Due to poor soil conditions and several bad harvests, Maltzan sold his estate to Otto von Müller on June 26, 1880 for 825,000 marks. As a publicist and politician, more talented than a farmer, he had to sell his completely over-indebted estate in 1880 and was no longer allowed to visit the state parliaments. He left Klein Luckow with his family and spent the summer in a small fisherman's apartment in Alt-Gaarz . After that, the family lived in a spacious villa in Doberan, where the Maltzans looked after boys from befriended families in their pension who were visiting the newly founded Friderico-Francisceum . After the death of his wife, he gave up the pension in November 1883 and was looked after by his third daughter, Marie Auguste Ottilie. After a long suffering he died in Doberan on September 24, 1896 and was buried as a senior of his gender in the graveyard in Kirch Grubenhagen next to his wife's resting place.

Monastery captain in the Dobbertin monastery

Office building of the monastery captain in the Dobbertin monastery
Monastery church, view of the choir

Maltzan was from 1854 to 1866 monastery captain of the Dobbertin monastery . On November 16, 1853, he was elected monastery captain at the state parliament in Sternberg. There was strong opposition to his election in the state parliament because he was too strongly ecclesiastical. After accepting the election, Maltzan wrote: “The Lord grant me that I really carry out my office in His name, without him I am quite incapable of doing so. I know that for sure. ”The official inauguration took place in Dobbertin on June 26, 1854 by means of an oath by the two provisional vice-land marshal Johann Heinrich Carl von Behr and district administrator Hans Dietrich Wilhelm von Blücher in the presence of the outgoing monastery captain Johann Carl Peter Baron von le Fort and handshake. In the 12 years of his tenure he headed the large monastery administration with skill and success. His signet ring said: For truth and right.

There was also no lack of recognition, especially for his tireless personal commitment in organizing and leading the internal restoration of the church. This also included personal contacts to and with the Mecklenburg builders and artists involved, such as the court building officer Georg Adolph Demmler , the building officer Theodor Krüger , the private builder Heinrich Thormann , the secret senior building officer Georg Daniel , the court painter Gaston Lenthe , the history painter Prof. Gustav Stever , the glass painter Ernst Gillmeister , the Dobbertiner sculptor Gustav Willgohs , the local mason Johann Retzloff, also from Dobbertin, and the secret archivist Dr. Georg Christian Friedrich Lisch from Schwerin.

The dignified inauguration of the fully restored double-towered monastery church took place on October 11, 1857. When his successor in office, Drost Bogislaw Wilhelm Theodor von Liebherr, died after just two years, he rejected an election for the third term.

He was one of the sponsors of the von Maltzan's Natural History Museum for Mecklenburg founded by his brother Hermann, today's Müritzeum in Waren (Müritz) . After the death of his brother Albrechts, one of the co-founders of the Association of Friends of Natural History in Mecklenburg , he kept his natural history estate and later handed it over to the museum, as well as his own collectibles and those of his son Max.

Heinrich Klenz sums up his description of Maltzan in the Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie as follows: M. was a Mecklenburg nobleman in the best sense of the word. Because of his quite honest character, he enjoyed the highest respect from his political opponents. Standing on positive Christian soil, he believed in the estates as an authority by the grace of God, whose rights he saw as part of his life's work, but whose duties he was just as well aware of.

Works

  • The class basis. Stiller'sche Hof and university bookstore (Hermann Schmidt), Rostock 1874. (digitized version)
  • Feudal replicas. 1878.
  • Some good Mecklenburg men. Hinstorff, Wismar 1882.
  • On the confessional practice in Mecklenburg: from an old Lutheran. 1888.
  • In memory of the Deputy Land Marshal von Dewitz on Cölpin. Ludwigslust 1889.
  • Memories and thoughts of a Doberan swimmer. Rostock 1893. (Reprint: Hinstorff, Rostock 1997, ISBN 3-356-00725-4 )
  • In memory of District Administrator Josias von Plüskow on Kowalz. Ludwigslust 1894.
  • Old memories of the state parliament. Ludwigslust 1896.

literature

  • Heinrich Klenz:  Maltzan, Julius von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 52, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1906, pp. 167-169.
  • Grete Grewolls: Who was who in Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania. The dictionary of persons . Hinstorff Verlag, Rostock 2011, ISBN 978-3-356-01301-6 , p. 6231 .
  • Berthold Schmidt: History of the family of Maltzan and Maltzahn. Section II, Volume IV, Schleiz 1926 in the chapters Das Haus Grossen Luckow and Das Haus Klein Luckow.
  • Wera Bollmann: Letters to Johann Dettloff Prochnow (1814–1888) from Maltzan's house. In: Nova Monumenta Rerum Megapolensium. Volume 3, Wismar 2008, ISBN 978-3-933771-02-8 .

Unprinted sources

  • State Main Archive Schwerin (LHAS)
    • LHAS 3.2-3 / 1 Provincial Monastery / Monastery Office Dobbertin.
    • LHAS 5.11-2 Landtag assembly, Landtag negotiations , Landtag minutes and Landtag committee.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ today part of the small community
  2. ↑ He became a member of the Corps Vandalia Göttingen in 1835 ( Kösener Korps lists 1910 , 87, 308, together with his brother Albrecht; Kösener Korpslisten, 87, 309.)
  3. ↑ Bernd Kasten: The Mecklenburg State Parliament 1866-1918. In: Mecklenburgische Jahrbücher. Volume 127, Schwerin 2012, pp. 191-254.
  4. ↑ Quoted from ADB (Lit.)
  5. ↑ Catalog of the bird collection (PDF; 499 kB), accessed on February 24, 2012.
personal data
SURNAME Maltzan, Julius of
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Maltzan Freiherr zu Wartenberg and Penzlin, Otto Julius von (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Mecklenburg squire, politician and publicist
DATE OF BIRTH 4th August 1812
PLACE OF BIRTH Brustorf, today part of the small community
DATE OF DEATH September 24, 1896
Place of death Doberan