Gustav Stever

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Gustav Kurt Stever (born May 16, 1823 in Riga , † March 18, 1877 in Düsseldorf ) was a German church, history and portrait painter.

Life

Aaron Levy Lamm (1821–1877) , 1852

Gustav Stever was born in Riga on May 16, 1823 as the son of the Rostock lawyer and writer Heinrich Kurt Stever . After the death of the father, the mother moved to Greifswald in 1827 , where Gustav attended school.

After training at the Berlin Academy from 1847 to 1850, Stever went to Stockholm , where he mainly painted portraits for the royal court and Uppsala University . In 1854 Stever moved to Paris , where he took lessons from Thomas Couture . In 1859 he moved to Hamburg , in 1865 he followed a call to the painter metropolis in Düsseldorf , the center of the Düsseldorf School of Painting .

Stever was particularly active as a church and history painter . For a while he lived and worked at Basthorst Castle near Crivitz and received commissions from the Mecklenburg ducal house , for example for the painting The Assassination of the Wenden King Gottschalk on the altar of the church in Lenzen ( State Museum Schwerin ). For the church in Wustrow he created the altarpiece with the rescue of the sinking Peter.

On July 25, 1860, Gustav Stever married Anna Helene Albertine von Sprewitz from Rostock in the Dobbertiner monastery church . The pastor was the Dobbertiner Friedrich Plessmann. Helene von Sprewitz was born on May 28, 1827 in Rostock and died on January 12, 1914. Her father Karl Ernst von Sprewitz was born on December 4, 1794 in Naarden . He was regimental quartermaster in Holland and was raised to the nobility for his services. Helene's mother was Dorothea Eleonore Caroline Johanna Sophie von Below . She was born on March 31, 1799 in Rostock and died there on April 30, 1856.

Altar painting for the predella in the Dobbertiner monastery church
Dobbertiner monastery church, Augustine and Luther

Since the Schwerin court painter Gaston Lenthe had died in 1860, Stever, as a Hamburg church and history painter, was commissioned by the monastery captain Julius von Maltzan in 1862 to submit designs for the four choir windows and for the predella under the altar painting of the Dobbertiner monastery church. These were put on hold at the consecration of the church in 1857 for cost reasons and were only commissioned again at the request of the 82-year-old Frau Domina Hedwig Elisabeth von Quitzow , as the space between the altar table and the main altar sheet seemed too sober . In 1864, the glass painter Ernst Gillmeister made the first two leaded glass windows with Peter and Paul and with David and Elias based on Stever's designs . In 1866 the last two glass paintings with Abraham and Moses and with Augustine and Luther were happily installed. Gaston Lenthe had drafted a sketch for the Last Supper in the predella of the winged altar as early as 1855, but it was not until 1864 that Gustav Stever instituted the Holy Communion and added it. The Lord's Supper is basically based on Leonardo's Milanese fresco, but not copied, but implemented in recent times. Signed in the lower right corner with Stever 1864.

In 1865 Stever went to Düsseldorf, where he became the teacher of Paul Spangenberg and from 1873 professor. The cardboard boxes for the five choir windows of the Schwerin Paulskirche , which the glass painter Ernst Gillmeister masterfully implemented in 1868, were made here. Because the choir windows in the Schwerin Paulskirche were faded over, the transept window also received glass paintings of Christ on the Mount of Olives and the Crowning of Thorns based on designs by Gustav Stever.

On June 29, 1869, Friedrich Franz II awarded him the Gold Cross of Merit from the House Order of the Wendish Crown . Stever was a member of the Hamburg Artists' Association from 1832 .

Works (selection)

The sinking Peter , altarpiece church Wustrow
  • The death of the Wenden king Gottschalk , Museum Schwerin
  • Abisag von Sunam and King David , Museum Schwerin
  • Transfiguration
  • Adoration of angels
  • Last Supper , altar, predella 1864 in the Dobbertin monastery church
  • Abraham and Moses as well as David and Elias as Old Testament figures and Peter and Paulus as well as Augustine and Luther as representatives of the New Testament in the four side windows in the choir of the Dobbertin monastery church
  • The four evangelists , preliminary drawings for the glass windows in the Schröder mausoleum in Hamburg
  • Resurrecting Christ , altarpiece 1870
  • Christ and Peter on the Sea , altarpiece 1873 for Wustrow
  • Adam and Eve on Abel's corpse , 1874
  • Jean Mabuse paints his sleeping child
  • Adam van Noord surprises his student PP Rubens while painting the painful mother
  • Van Dyk at the easel
  • Dutch family scene
  • Old German noble lady

literature

  • Stever, Gustav Kurt , in: Wilhelm Neumann: Lexicon of Baltic artists. Riga 1908, p. 157
  • Art Chronicle. Supplement to the Zeitschrift für Bildende Kunst, Vol. XII, No. 27, April 12, 1877, Col. 433/434
  • Thieme-Becker : General Lexicon of Fine Artists , Volume 32, Leipzig 1938, p. 31
  • Reinhard Kuhl: 19th century stained glass, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. The churches. Leipzig 2001, ISBN 3-361-00536-1 , pp. 67-68.
  • Ingrid Lent: high altar and choir window of the monastery church. In: Dobbertin Monastery. History - building - living. Schwerin 2012, Volume 2, Contributions to Art History and Monument Preservation in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. ISBN 978-3-935770-35-4 , pp. 229-241.
  • Ingrid Lent: Gaston Lenthe. A Schwerin court painter. Schwerin 2012, ISBN 978-3-940207-33-3 , pp. 94, 150, 152, 153.

swell

Unprinted sources

  • State Main Archive Schwerin (LHAS)
    • LHAS 3.2-3 / 1 Provincial Monastery / Monastery Office Dobbertin.
    • LHAS 5.11-2 Landtag negotiations , Landtag assemblies , Landtag minutes and Landtag committee.
    • LHAS 10.9-L / 6 personal estate Lisch, Friedrich. No. 1114 History painter Gustav Stever from Hamburg, production of the picture of Goschalk's death in the church in Lenzen, November 1860 – November 1966.
  • State Museum Schwerin
    • Kupferstichkabinett

Web links

Commons : Gustav Stever  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Church register of the Dobbertin community 1805–1905. Marriage Register 1860, No. 3.
  2. ↑ LHAS 5.11-2 Protocol of the State Parliament of November 19, 1862 on Dobbertin Monastery, No. 14.
  3. ↑ LHAS 5.11-2 Protocol of the Landtag of November 15, 1861 on the Dobbertin Monastery, No. 19 Sub. 17th
  4. ^ State Museum Schwerin, Kupferstichkabinett, Klosterkirche Dobbertin, watercolor figure fields in the choir. Inv. No. 2478 Hz Petrus, Inv. No. 2481 Hz Paul.
  5. ^ State Museum Schwerin, Kupferstichkabinett, Klosterkirche Dobbertin, watercolor figure fields in the choir. Inv. No. 2479 Hz David, Inv. No. 2480 Hz Elias.
  6. ^ State Museum Schwerin, Kupferstichkabinett, Klosterkirche Dobbertin, watercolor figure fields in the choir. Inv. No. 2483 Hz Abraham, Inv. No. 2482 Hz Moses.
  7. ^ Ingrid Lent: high altar and choir window of the monastery church. 2012, pp. 235-236.
  8. ↑ Bernd Konrad: Ernst Gillmeister (1817–1887) - his life and work. In: III. Report colloquium in Schwerin, September 30, 1997. Working place for glass painting research at CVMA, Potsdam.
personal data
SURNAME Stever, Gustav
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Stever, Gustav Kurt; Stever, Gustav Curt
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German painter
DATE OF BIRTH May 16, 1823
PLACE OF BIRTH Riga
DATE OF DEATH March 18, 1877
Place of death Dusseldorf