Grabow (Elde)

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Grabow
Grabow (Elde)
Map of Germany, position of the city of Grabow highlighted

Coordinates: 53 ° 17 '  N , 11 ° 34'  E

Basic data
State : Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
County : Ludwigslust-Parchim
Office : Grabow
Height : 29 m above sea level NHN
Area : 47.68 km 2
Residents: 5591 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 117 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 19300
Primaries : 038756, 038781, 038792
License plate : LUP, HGN, LBZ, LWL, PCH, STB
Community key : 13 0 76 050

City administration address : 		Am Markt 1
19300 Grabow
Website : www.grabow.de
Mayoress : Kathleen Bartels ( SPD )
Location of the city of Grabow in the Ludwigslust-Parchim district
Brandenburg Niedersachsen Schleswig-Holstein Schwerin Landkreis Mecklenburgische Seenplatte Landkreis Rostock Landkreis Nordwestmecklenburg Banzkow Plate Plate Sukow Bengerstorf Besitz (Mecklenburg) Brahlstorf Dersenow Gresse Greven (Mecklenburg) Neu Gülze Nostorf Schwanheide Teldau Tessin b. Boizenburg Barnin Bülow (bei Crivitz) Crivitz Crivitz Demen Friedrichsruhe Tramm (Mecklenburg) Zapel Dömitz Grebs-Niendorf Karenz (Mecklenburg) Malk Göhren Malliß Neu Kaliß Vielank Gallin-Kuppentin Gehlsbach (Gemeinde) Gehlsbach (Gemeinde) Granzin Kreien Kritzow Lübz Obere Warnow Passow (Mecklenburg) Ruher Berge Siggelkow Werder (bei Lübz) Goldberg (Mecklenburg) Dobbertin Goldberg (Mecklenburg) Mestlin Neu Poserin Techentin Goldberg (Mecklenburg) Balow Brunow Dambeck Eldena Gorlosen Grabow (Elde) Karstädt (Mecklenburg) Kremmin Milow (bei Grabow) Möllenbeck (Landkreis Ludwigslust-Parchim) Muchow Prislich Grabow (Elde) Zierzow Alt Zachun Bandenitz Belsch Bobzin Bresegard bei Picher Gammelin Groß Krams Hoort Hülseburg Kirch Jesar Kuhstorf Moraas Pätow-Steegen Picher Pritzier Redefin Strohkirchen Toddin Warlitz Alt Krenzlin Bresegard bei Eldena Göhlen Göhlen Groß Laasch Lübesse Lüblow Rastow Sülstorf Uelitz Warlow Wöbbelin Blievenstorf Brenz (Mecklenburg) Neustadt-Glewe Neustadt-Glewe Cambs Dobin am See Gneven Pinnow (bei Schwerin) Langen Brütz Leezen (Mecklenburg) Pinnow (bei Schwerin) Raben Steinfeld Domsühl Domsühl Obere Warnow Groß Godems Zölkow Karrenzin Lewitzrand Rom (Mecklenburg) Spornitz Stolpe (Mecklenburg) Ziegendorf Zölkow Barkhagen Ganzlin Ganzlin Ganzlin Plau am See Blankenberg Borkow Brüel Dabel Hohen Pritz Kobrow Kuhlen-Wendorf Kloster Tempzin Mustin (Mecklenburg) Sternberg Sternberg Weitendorf (bei Brüel) Witzin Dümmer (Gemeinde) Holthusen Klein Rogahn Klein Rogahn Pampow Schossin Stralendorf Warsow Wittenförden Zülow Wittenburg Wittenburg Wittenburg Wittendörp Gallin Kogel Lüttow-Valluhn Vellahn Zarrentin am Schaalsee Boizenburg/Elbe Ludwigslust Lübtheen Parchim Parchim Parchim Hagenowmap
About this picture
Historic town hall on the market

Grabow (also: Grabow (Meckl) ) is a town in the Ludwigslust-Parchim district in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Germany). It is the seat of the Grabow office , to which another twelve communities belong. The city is a basic center and part of the Hamburg metropolitan region .

geography

Geographical location

The city is located on the Elde in southwest Mecklenburg about 40 km southeast of the state capital Schwerin . The city center is located about seven kilometers southeast of the city of Ludwigslust and about seven kilometers northwest of the state border with Brandenburg .

The area around the city is very wooded, around 2,500 hectares of the city area are forest.

City structure

Grabow includes the districts of Bochin , Fresenbrügge , Heidehof , Steesow , Wanzlitz , Winkelmoor and Zuggelrade .

The area of ​​the city consists of two non-contiguous parts. The districts of Bochin, Steesow and Zuggelrade are located about 15 kilometers south of the city center directly on the border with Brandenburg and are separated from it by the area of ​​the municipalities of Gorlosen and Milow .

history

Surname

The Old Polish name contains the noun grab , which means beech or hornbeam . The name occurs more frequently in Mecklenburg. It was only slightly changed as Grabowe (1186, 1252, 1275) and Grabow (1189, 1298).

Middle Ages to the 18th century

Pope Urban III. first mentioned Grabow Castle in a letter dated February 23, 1186. The town was granted in 1252 by the Earl of Dannenberg the city charter . After the Dannenbergs became extinct (1306), the town and state of Grabow initially fell to the Margraviate of Brandenburg and after the Ascanians had virtually died out there with the death of Margrave Waldemar - his adolescent cousin Heinrich II died at the age of only twelve the following year - 1319/20 to the Principality of Mecklenburg . Grabow became a country town in Mecklenburg and was represented on state parliaments as part of the towns of the Mecklenburg district until 1918 .

In 1450, the Hornwald forest west of Karstädt was donated to the city by Duke Heinrich IV . In 1499 a fire destroyed the city. From 1603 the Duchess Anna converted the castle into a palace.

Friedrich , the son of Adolf Friedrich I , chose the place as his residence as an apanaged prince in 1669. His three sons were all reigning dukes of Mecklenburg.

On June 3, 1725, another large city fire destroyed the castle, town hall, church and large parts of the city. The castle was not rebuilt. After that, the current cityscape was essentially created. The inner city is characterized by an almost closed core of half-timbered houses from the 18th century. The oldest surviving house in the city is dated May 23, 1702. By 1726 the town hall was rebuilt in its present form. In 1734 the "Altar by Master Bertram von Minden" came to the Grabow Church. In 1903 the community sold the Grabower Altar to the Kunsthalle Hamburg , where it can still be seen today. The construction of the church tower was financed with the proceeds of over 65,000 marks.

Jews had lived in the city at least since the end of the 18th century , and around this time they set up their cemetery on today's Neu Karstädter Weg, which was used until 1936. Both the cemetery and the synagogue (which had already been sold in 1932) were desecrated and damaged in the November pogrom in 1938. A memorial site has been created since 1952 and the cemetery was restored as a memorial site in 1988.

1800 until today

Russian and American soldiers in Grabow (1945)

In 1827 the road between Ludwigslust and Karstädt (former federal highway B 5, today state road 072) was built. From 1831 to 1837 the Elde was straightened , and in 1868 the Elde was further expanded and the port expanded. In 1833 the city lost 44 barns in a fire. In 1846 the Berlin-Hamburg railway line was opened. Since 1853, in the Rose Brewery Grabow Porter brewed .

The school on Kanalstrasse was completed in 1857, the “Higher Citizens School” in 1870, the district court in 1879, the post office building in 1884 (both on Kiesserdamm) and in 1892 the gym near the Schützenhaus. The aqueduct and the waterworks followed in 1906/07, the sewerage system in 1908 and the city's electrification in 1922. Lively construction activity followed from 1922 to 1939.

In 1926 the Grabow office was dissolved.

The city ​​survived the Second World War almost unscathed. The war ended for the city with the occupation without a fight by the Red Army - according to other information by US troops - on May 3, 1945. Before that, the respected doctor of the place, Dr. Willy Havemann, publicly opposed the pointless defense of the place in front of the Nazi giants, including the mayor. It was looted and many women and girls were raped. The local poet Gustav Ritter was among the numerous residents who committed suicide between May 1st and May 10th . The entrepreneur Walter Heinsius, who had still tried to have the Americans enlisted in Grabow before the Red Army, was taken to the Soviet special camp No. 9 Fünfeichen and died there in 1946.

From 1952 to 2011 Grabow belonged to the Ludwigslust district (until 1990 in the GDR district of Schwerin , then in the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania ). Since the district reform in 2011 , the city has been in the Ludwigslust-Parchim district .

On June 17, 1953 , work in the Grabower vehicle factory was stopped. In the evening around 250 residents came to the market square to represent political claims against the GDR and the Soviet occupying power. There were even demonstrations against Soviet troops. In the end, the spokesmen were handed over to the Stasi .

In 1956 the renovated old rifle house became a district culture house. In 1971 and 1982 the housing estates Schillerplatz and Lassahner Straße were built.

After the political change, the historic town center of the half-timbered town with the town hall (1997/98) was fundamentally renovated as part of urban development funding. 1995 was u. a. the harbor wall, until 1998 the town hall was renovated. In 1999 a pedestrian bridge was handed over over the Müritz-Elde-Wasserstraße , and in 2001 the new Rehberger bridge was built as a lift bridge . Until 2010, the western old town could be built on, partly on a former factory site.

Incorporations

On July 1, 1950, the previously independent municipalities of Fresenbrügge and Wanzlitz were incorporated. On January 1, 2016, the community of Steesow was incorporated into Grabow, although there was no common border. Steesow, Bochin and Zuggelrade thus form an exclave of Grabow, which is around six kilometers from the rest of the municipality.

Population development

Population development of Grabow from 1877 to 2017 according to the adjacent table
year Residents
1877 4200
1910 5500
1939 5900
1946 8900
1970 8500
1984 8600
1990 8098
1995 7240
year Residents
2000 6741
2005 6231
2010 5859
2015 5556
2016 5684
2017 5701
2018 5633
2019 5591

politics

Oldest house in town
Date on the oldest house in town

City council

Grabow's city council consists of 17 members and the mayor. The local elections on May 26, 2019 led to the following result:

Party / list proportion of Seats
SPD 35.0% 6th
CDU 24.6% 4th
Strong Grabow 18.5% 3
Alternative for Grabow 12.0% 2
The left 09.8% 2

mayor

  • 1995–2013: Ulrich Schult
  • 2013–2018: Stefan Sternberg (SPD)
  • since 2018: Kathleen Bartels (SPD)

Bartels was elected in the mayoral election on October 21, 2018 with 54.8 percent of the valid votes.

coat of arms

The coat of arms was approved by the Ministry of the Interior after a change of coat of arms on June 20, 1991 and registered under number 4 of the coat of arms of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.

Blazon : “In blue a left-facing, faced, golden crescent moon with three six-pointed golden stars in front of the curve. On the shield rests a red wall crown, which consists of a tinned wall with a closed golden pointed arched gate and three tin towers. "

In the course of the Reformation, St. George, the patron saint of Grabow Church, was removed from the original coat of arms and replaced by a crescent moon and a star above it. The coat of arms can be traced in its current form since 1667. From 1940 to 1945 St. George graced the Grabow coat of arms again. From 1945 to 1990 the moon and stars were silver.

flag

Flag of the city of Grabow

“The flag of the city of Grabow is striped in blue, yellow and blue across the longitudinal axis of the flag cloth. The blue stripes each take up a quarter, the yellow stripe takes up half the length of the flag cloth. In the middle of the yellow stripe is the city coat of arms, which takes up two thirds of the height of the flag. The length of the flag is related to the height like 5 to 3. "

Town twinning

Sights and culture

Buildings

Old town
  • Historic city center of the half-timbered town
  • City church St. Georg , Gothic brick building , the oldest part of which, the two-bay choir , was first mentioned in 1291. The three-aisled nave was built in the 14th century and the mighty rectangular west tower in the 15th century. The vaults burned out in 1725 and were replaced by wooden vaults (choir) and a flat ceiling in the nave.
  • Town hall from 1727, as a successor to the medieval building that burned down in 1725, two-storey half - timbered house with a mansard roof
  • Half-timbered houses mostly from the 18th and 19th centuries, the oldest house (Steindamm 52) dates from 1702
  • Ratsapotheke, warehouse on the horse market, pastor's house on the church square, Großer Wandrahm 20
  • Bolbrüggesche Mühle, built as a grain, oil and fulling mill, is one of the largest mill complexes in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
  • Jewish Cemetery
  • Memorial from 1985 next to the town hall to commemorate the liberation of the city in 1945 by the Red Army. In 1991 the memorial wall was torn down and the plaque handed over to the local museum.
  • Memorial plaque from 1945 on the former home of KPD functionary Willi Fründt in the street of the same name, who was murdered in Neuengamme concentration camp in 1944
  • Hecht Forth lock , five kilometers northeast of the city with a listed Elde - power plant of 1920

  • Panorama of Grabow

  • St. George Church

  • Church square

  • Horse market 5 with a cantilevered dwelling and crane

  • Horse market

  • Half-timbered houses in Grosse Strasse

  • Bolbrüggesche Mill

Culture

  • Grabow local history museum, Marktstrasse 19
  • Grabow City Library, Kießerdamm 19 A
  • Grabow City Archives, Am Markt 1
  • Punk rock band Debil

Economy and Infrastructure

Companies

The Grabower Confectionary GmbH (in the GDR : VEB Dauerbackwaren Grabow) is the manufacturer of "Grabower kisses" marshmallows from beaten egg with chocolate coating.

Tourism plays a major role in the city's economy. This includes water hiking on the Elde, for which there is a place to lie down in the city harbor. There is a water hiking rest area in the Fresenbrügge district .

Public facilities

  • Grabow Office, Am Markt 1
  • Voluntary fire brigades in Grabow and in all municipalities and youth fire brigades in seven municipalities

traffic

Street

Grabow is on the state road 072 between Ludwigslust and the state border with Brandenburg. With the release of the A 14 between the Grabow and Groß Warnow junctions and the associated decrease in traffic volume on the almost parallel section of federal highway 5, this was rededicated as a state road between the Grabow junction and the state border with Brandenburg. The bypass of the former trunk road F 5 was opened to traffic in September 1966, because the increasing traffic clogged the streets of the small town and threatened the old half-timbered houses.

The state road 08 between the state border with Brandenburg and Marnitz also runs through Grabow.

The city has been accessible via the Grabow junction since December 21, 2015 and, since December 20, 2017, also via the Groß Warnow junction on the A 14 motorway ( Wismar - Schwerin - ( Magdeburg , under construction)).

Railroad and bus

The Grabow (Meckl) station, opened in 1846, is on the Berlin – Hamburg line . It is served by the regional express line RE 2 ( Wismar - Berlin - Cottbus ) every two hours. The line has been operated by ODEG since December 2012 .

Regional buses run almost every hour to Ludwigslust on weekdays, and the Ludwigslust transport company also offers a few trips to Lenzen .

education

Fritz Reuter memorial plaque on the town hall
  • Elementary school "Eldekinder" (formerly "Am Hufenweg"), Hufenweg 2
  • Regional school "Friedrich Rohr", Prislicher Straße 23

From the 1990s to 2005 three Grabower schools were closed, including the Friedrich-Rohr-Gymnasium , whose building is now used by the regional school, the Fritz-Reuter-Schule and the Geschwister Scholl-Schule.

Social facilities

  • ASB social station
  • Assisted living
  • three day care centers

Personalities

Grabow's sons and daughters

Personalities who lived and worked in Grabow

  • Friedrich, Duke of Mecklenburg (1638–1688), resided in Grabow from 1669 until his death
  • Franz Floerke (1811–1889), lawyer, 1839–1889 mayor of Grabow.
  • Mann (family) , the origins of the Mann family of writers can a. trace back to Grabow
  • Heinrich Zander (1800–1876), theologian and ornithologist, lived in Grabow
  • Friedrich Johann Meyer [-Malchow] (1814–1882), lawyer, mayor, parliamentarian and Mecklenburg-Schwerin Minister, grew up in Grabow
  • Carl Calsow (1851–1912), lawyer, 1889 Mayor of Grabow
  • Oskar Kurz (1885–1945), teacher and local historian in Grabow
  • Volkwin Marg (* 1936), architect and university professor, lived in Grabow from 1949 to 1957
  • Bastian Reinhardt (* 1975), soccer player, played for Empor Grabow / Grabower FC from 1983 to 1988 and 1990 to 1992

literature

  • Christian Madaus: Grabow, past and present ; Stock & Stein Verlags-GmbH, Schwerin, 1998, ISBN 3-932370-49-X

Web links

Commons : Grabow  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Statistisches Amt MV - population status of the districts, offices and municipalities 2019 (XLS file) (official population figures in the update of the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ^ Regional Spatial Development Program West Mecklenburg (2011) , Regional Planning Association, accessed on July 12, 2015
  3. ^ Main statute of the city of Grabow. (PDF; 116 kB) Read version with incorporated 1st amendment statute of July 28, 2014. City of Grabow, July 28, 2014, p. 1, § 2 , accessed on May 12, 2016 .
  4. ↑ Ernst Eichler and Werner Mühlmer: The names of cities in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Ingo Koch Verlag, Rostock 2002, ISBN 3-935319-23-1
  5. ^ Alfred Harendt: Denunciation in the Café , in: Die Stunden Null, Berlin 1966, p. 151
  6. ↑ Original reports from contemporary witnesses. In: Joachim Schultz-Naumann Mecklenburg 1945 . Universitas-Verlag, Munich, 2nd edition 1990. pp. 270-272. ISBN 3-8004-1215-2
  7. ^ Agreement on the incorporation of the community of Steesow into the city of Grabow. (PDF; 527 kB) Archived from the original on December 21, 2015 ; accessed on May 12, 2016 .
  8. ^ Result of the election of the city council on May 26, 2019
  9. ^ Sternberg new mayor. In: Schweriner Volkszeitung , March 10, 2013.
  10. ^ Result of the mayoral election on October 21, 2018
  11. ↑ a b main statute of the city of Grabow. (PDF; 116 kB) Read version with incorporated 1st amendment statute of July 28, 2014. City of Grabow, July 28, 2014, p. 1, § 1 , accessed on May 12, 2016 .
  12. ↑ Bolbrüggesche Mill
  13. ↑ Willi Fründt memorial plaque