Lübheen
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 53 ° 18 ' N , 11 ° 5' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania | |
| County : | Ludwigslust-Parchim | |
| Height : | 15 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 119.69 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 4655 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 39 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 19249 | |
| Primaries : | 038855, 038759, 038854 | |
| License plate : | LUP, HGN, LBZ, LWL, PCH, STB | |
| Community key : | 13 0 76 088 | |
| LOCODE : | DE LBX | |
| City structure: | 18 districts | |
City administration address : |
Salzstrasse 17 19249 Lübenheen |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayoress : | Ute Lindenau ( SPD ) | |
| Location of the city of Lübenheen in the Ludwigslust-Parchim district | ||
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Lübenheen is a country town in the Ludwigslust-Parchim district in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania . It is located in the Hamburg metropolitan region and fulfills the functions of a basic center for its surroundings . It is nicknamed "Lindenstadt".
geography
Geographical location
Lübenheen is located in the Hamburg metropolitan region in southwest Mecklenburg, just under 13 kilometers from the Elbe , embedded in the Elbe river landscape biosphere reserve . The Sude and Rögnitz flow through the urban area. Cities in the area are Ludwigslust , Boizenburg and Schwerin .
City structure
The urban area of Lübenheen consists of the following districts:
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history
History of the city
From the 14th century to the present
Earlier spellings of Lübenheen were Lubbtene, Lübbetene, Lubbetin, Lipten and Lübthen . The name, which comes from Slavic , is declared either as "Place des Lubeta" or as " Lindenort ".
The place was first mentioned on August 14, 1363, when Duke Albrecht V bought the Lauenburg half of the Jabel Heath from Heinrich von der Sude. Around 1650 the remaining farms were sold, so that Lübenheen now completely belonged to Mecklenburg .
In 1683 Lübenheen received its own parish and was no longer part of the Alt Jabel parish . The first church, a half-timbered building with a tower and bell, was consecrated in 1689. In 1820 a new building was built in the classical style. The church organ, which has been extensively renovated in recent years, is particularly valuable. It is the largest surviving organ from the organ builder Friedrich Friese I from Parchim with two manuals .
In 1846 30 houses were destroyed by fire. In 1890 the Malliss – Lübenheen railway was opened, but was discontinued in 1945. In 1938 the town was granted city rights. The inner city has been completely renovated since 1991 as part of the urban development subsidy.
Hugo Sholto Graf Douglas was commissioned by the Grand Ducal Mecklenburg-Schwerin government in 1896 to develop and exploit the potash salt warehouse located under a layer of gypsum near Lübenheen and Jessenitz. The Mecklenburg Trade Union Friedrich Franz , whose main shareholder was the Grand Duke himself, was founded and in 1906 the mine (Friedrich Franz shaft) was opened. The shaft had to be closed again in 1916 due to massive water ingress. In the potash and rock salt mine Jessenitz were from 1900 to the flooding of the mine in 1912 supported 1.4 million tons of coal and potash.
In 1849 a copy of the Wendish crown was found near Lübheen . The find of the hoop differs from others of its kind by its considerable size and the manufacture in hollow casting.
With the emergence of potash mining around the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, workers began to organize here too. The miner Franz Thaele, a social democrat, who came to Lübheen from the Staßfurt potash district, oriented the miners working there to advocate for their interests and in 1902 founded a local association of the SPD . In its wake, the Veritas 03 workers' gymnastics club was founded in 1903 and the Solidarity cycling club a little later . A plaque commemorates Thaeles home at Johannesstrasse 2.
From 1952 to 1994 Lübenheen belonged to the Hagenow district (until 1990 in the GDR district of Schwerin , 1990–1994 in the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania ). In 1994 the city was incorporated into the Ludwigslust district. Since the district reform in 2011 , it has been in the Ludwigslust-Parchim district .
On June 13, 2004, the office of Lübenheen - consisting of the independent municipalities Garlitz, Gößlow, Jessenitz and the city of Lübenheen - was dissolved, the three municipalities were incorporated into the now office- free city of Lübenheen.
Potash salt deposits in and around Lübenheen
Towards the end of the 19th century began in Mecklenburg searching for potash deposits after it had succeeded in various chemists that in Staßfurter encountered mines potash processing fabrikatorisch so that the contained in these salts potassium extracted for the production of fertilizers used could be. After almost 15 years of work, the "Herzog Regent" shaft of the Jessenitz potash and rock salt mine was completed in May 1901 . In 1905, the "Friedrich Franz" shaft of the potash and rock salt mine in Lübheen went into operation . The first shaft suffered a water ingress in 1912; Schacht "Friedrich Franz" shared this fate only four years later.
Lignite deposits around Lübenheen
In 1928, diatomaceous charcoal was first encountered at Lübenheen. This type of lignite is a brown-black deposit at depths of 40 to 400 meters that formed about six to eight million years ago. The resulting during the combustion of the ash is Diatomeenkohle impure kieselguhr . The coal has a very low calorific value (approx. 50 percent compared to the comparison coal) and an extremely high ash content.
The exploration of the deposit was already well advanced in the GDR, an open-cast mine development was postponed until 2010 (project "Objekt22"). By 1989 the research had cost over 30 million GDR marks.
1994 presented MIBRAG an application for exploration of the deposit, issued in 1997, the Mining Authority Stralsund MIBRAG permission for geological studies. The Schwerin Chamber of Industry and Commerce sought to advance the exploration of the deposits with the symposium “Diatomaceous Coal Deposits Lübheen” (1996, revised 2005). There it was stated: "The conditions of the deposit require a large open-cast mine with a production rate that far exceeds the requirements of a factory [...] alone".
The information on the size of the occurrence fluctuates. At the IHK symposium there was talk of 15 billion tons for the entire occurrence around Lübenheen, this size increased to 19 billion tons. The Schwerin Chamber of Commerce and Industry named the value of 300 million tons for the technically and economically minable deposit, while the Schweriner Volkszeitung reported a value of 1.8 billion tons (on 42 km²).
Since April 2005 loose associations, initiatives and associations like the citizens' movement “Braunkohle-kein e. V. ”against the further advancement of the mine project.
Former military training area
The German Armed Forces maintained a military training area on the Lübheener Heide until the summer of 2013 . In June 2015, the Lübenheener Heide with an area of 6,280 hectares was placed under nature protection. At the end of June 2019, the biggest fire in the history of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania occurred there.
History of the districts
Quassel was a fief of the von Lützow family until 1721 . The estate was then owned by the Eickstedt von Peterswaldt families (until 1755), von Paepcke (until 1901), Gustav Aufschläger (until 1934) and Fritz Homann (until 1945). Then an LPG ran the farm. The renovated Quassel manor was built in 1857 and received its neo-Gothic facade in 1886 . After 1945 it was a party school of the SED , then a district agricultural school and is now an office and residential building.
Volzrade was settled around a tower hill in the former manor park around 1200. The von Pentz family owned the estate from 1363 to 1945 . The knight's castle was destroyed in the 16th century, and Lewin von Pentz built a mansion in 1592, which burned down in 1618. Around 1640 Curd von Pentz built the second manor house as well as a windmill and a sheep farm. In 1827 the house burned down, and in 1838 the third mansion was rebuilt in the neo-renaissance style according to plans by JH Gottfried Krug and in 1863 an additional floor was made. After 1945 the building was a community center with a sales point. It was privatized and renovated in 1994.
Incorporations
The formerly independent municipalities of Garlitz, Gößlow and Jessenitz were incorporated into the city of Lübenheen on June 13, 2004.
Population development
The population increase in Lübenheen was interrupted by the Thirty Years War . The population figures have been declining since 1990 and there has been a labor migration and a surplus of men, in the 2010s, however, a recovery has been recorded, which also results from the integration into the metropolitan region of Hamburg .
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Source from 1990: Statistical report "Population status of the districts, offices and municipalities in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania" from the Statistical Office of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
* In 1431 the farmers Benedict Hase, Hennicke Polleck and Pellatze lived in the village.
politics
City council
2014: individual applicant Müller 2.3%; Selchhorn 1.9%
The city council of the city of Lübenheen consists of 17 elected representatives. Since the local elections on May 26, 2019 , it has been composed as follows:
| Party / applicant | Share of votes | Seats |
| SPD | 37.4% | 7th |
| CDU | 28.4% | 5 |
| FDP | 19.3% | 3 |
| NPD | 11.0% | 2 |
| Others | 3.9% | - |
Jürgen Sahs (CDU) was elected mayor by the city council in June 2019. He is the chairman of the city council.
mayor
- since 2001: Ute Lindenau (SPD)
In the mayoral election on October 11, 2015 (voter turnout 36.2%), Lindenau was confirmed in office without an opposing candidate with 84.2% of the valid votes.
coat of arms
The coat of arms was established on October 28, 1880 by the Grand Ducal Mecklenburg-Schwerin Ministry of the Interior and, after being redrawn on December 18, 1995, was approved by the Ministry of the Interior and registered under the number 90 of the coat of arms of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.
Blazon : "Split, in front a silver mallet and a silver iron crossed diagonally in front, behind in silver on a half green hill a half green fir tree at the crack, on the trunk of which a red lion is erected."
Mallets and irons as symbols of mining are reminiscent of the Lübenheen gypsum open-cast mine and the mining of potash . The upright red lion on the green fir tree is the talking coat of arms for the Counts of Dannenberg, who were the former rulers of the area.
The coat of arms was redrawn in 1995 by the Schwerin heraldist Heinz Kippnick .
flag
The flag of the city of Lübenheen is evenly striated across from green, white and red. In the middle of the white stripe, one third of the green and red stripes overlap, the city coat of arms. The length of the flag is related to the height like 5 to 3.
Town twinning
Lübenheen's twin cities have been Tuchola in Poland and Grove City (Ohio) in the USA since 1992/93 .
Sights and culture
Buildings
- City church from 1820 in the classical style, single-nave plastered building with tower, double gallery and important organ, Christ altar painting (1826) by Rudolph Suhrlandt
- Old sexton's house in Schulstrasse 2 with a local museum. Above the front door of the restored half-timbered building there is the inscription "To honor God is built dis house 1812". The museum opened on October 7, 1959. The subject areas of the exhibition include the history of Lübheen, fire brigade, mining and railways, historical cuisine, agriculture, blacksmithing, rope and saddlery.
- Community center “Dat olle Amtsgericht” on Ernst-Thälmann-Platz, built in 1802/03 as the main post office, with a city library and a historic post office
- Manor houses
- Garlitz: two-story plastered building
- Jessenitz: two-storey, eleven-axis brickwork building with a central risalit , built in 1889 in the neo-renaissance style according to plans by Johannes Lange from Berlin in a park for Carl Friedrich Beßler, today (2015) residential building
- Quassel : two-story plastered building from 1857
- Volzrade: renovated three-storey plastered building from 1838 according to plans by J. H. Gottfried Krug in neo -renaissance style
- Old watermill in Brömsenberg
Historical monuments
- Memorial plaque from the 1950s in memory of the Jewish doctor Bernhard Aronsohn who was murdered in Auschwitz on his home at 15 Stellingstrasse
- Stumbling blocks for the murdered Jewish Wolf family, ancestors of the former Hamburg mayor Ole von Beust
- Memorial for those who fell in the war of 1870/71 south of the town church
- Memorial to the fallen of World War I north of the town church
Monument to Friedrich Chrysander
Lübenheen war memorial 1870/71
Lübenheen war memorial 1914/18
Garlitz war memorial
Theater Kulturkate
There are open-air theater performances in summer, mobile children's theater in the run-up to Christmas, studio productions and guest performances, and youth work is carried out. In May 2007 the theater was honored with the title “Ambassador of Tolerance” for its “imaginative and imaginative commitment”. This award is given by the Alliance for Democracy and Tolerance , a foundation of the Federal Ministries of the Interior and Justice, on the proposal of the state governments. In July 2007, Federal President Horst Köhler and his wife visited the Kulturkate together with Prime Minister Harald Ringstorff and other guests.
nature
- Nature reserve Rögnitzwiesen near Neu Lübheen and Togerwiesen near Garlitz
- Lübheen reed adventure trail
- Lübenheener hedge landscape
Economy and Infrastructure
economy
The city's economic situation is characterized by small and medium-sized businesses as well as agriculture. After 1950, VEB Fahrzeugwerk Lübenheen was built on the site of the former potash mine . Trailers for tractors and trucks were manufactured here. After privatization and the start-up of the company in 2003, Brüggen Fahrzeugwerk & Service GmbH is the city's largest employer.
To the north of the city is the “Der Heidkamp” industrial park.
traffic
Lübenheen is located on Landesstraße 06 between Pritzier and Vielank . The federal highway B 5 Berlin – Hamburg runs about 9 km north. The nearest motorway junction is Wittenburg on the A 24 (Berlin-Hamburg) around 24 km away.
The nearest train station is Pritzier on the Hamburg-Schwerin railway line . It is served by the regional express line RE1 Hamburg – Schwerin – Rostock. The former Malliss – Lübenheen railway , opened in 1889, was dismantled in 1945 as a reparation payment to the Soviet Union .
education
There is a regional school with a primary school in Lübenheen:
- Lindenschule Lübenheen, Rudolf-Breitscheid-Straße 30
Sports
The Waldbad Probst Jesar is located on the east bank of the Probst Jesar lake . There is also a rental of rowing and pedal boats.
The wrestlers from RV Lübenheen fight in the season 2019/20 in the relay Northwest of the Ringer Bundesliga . The spring tournament for young wrestlers has been held in the multi-purpose hall in Lübheen for over 40 years.
The football club Lübenheener SV Concordia plays in the regional league West Mecklenburg in the 2019/20 season.
Personalities
Honorary citizen
- 2005: Friedrich Mielke (1887–1960), civil engineer
sons and daughters of the town
- Moritz Christian von Paepcke (1776–1857), landowner, born in Quassel
- Friedrich Flügge (1817–1898), grand-ducal post office director
- Ludwig Karl Flügge (1819–1906), lawyer
- Friedrich Chrysander (1826–1901), musicologist
- Karl Puls (1898–1962), author of homeland-related or Low German texts, born in Lank
- Hans Oldag (1901–1978), German-American long-distance runner
- Eckhard Bibow (* 1930), GDR diplomat, born in Quassel
Personalities associated with Lübheen
- Adam Christian Mengebier (1777–1854), head climber in the Lübenheen plaster mine
- Carl Heinrich Wünsch (1779–1855), architect of the town church in Lübenheen
- Hans Sivkovich (1881–1968), senior teacher at the teacher training college in Lübenheen
- Adolf Kegebein (1894–1987), architect of the Catholic Church in Lübenheen
- Udo Pastörs (* 1952), politician (NPD), lives in Lübenheen
- Andreas Theißen (* 1972), politician (NPD), city representative in Lübenheen
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Statistisches Amt MV - population status of the districts, offices and municipalities 2019 (XLS file) (official population figures in the update of the 2011 census) ( help ).
- ^ Regional Spatial Development Program West Mecklenburg (2011) , Regional Planning Association, accessed on July 12, 2015.
- ↑ Main statute of the city of Lübenheen , § 12
- ↑ Siegfried Spantig: Remembering Franz Thaele, in: RotFuchs January 2014, p. 14.
- ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2004
- ^ Otto Fiedler: Diatomaceous coal - raw materials for new materials. (PDF; 213 kB) In: Ita. University of Rostock, p. 6 , accessed on November 12, 2012 .
- ↑ Markt Zeitung 11/1995
- ↑ Schweriner People's Newspaper of March 1, 2005
- ↑ Brown coal no e. V. Diatomaceous Charcoal. (No longer available online.) Formerly in the original ; Retrieved November 12, 2012 . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Base of armed forces: Lübenheen military training area
- ^ Andreas Mihm: Instead of tanks goat milkers. Back to nature for 62 Bundeswehr properties . In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, June 19, 2015, p. 8.
- ↑ SVZ, June 30, 2019
- ↑ Manor houses and castles in MV: Manor Volzrade
- ↑ § 12 of the main statute (PDF; 77 kB) of the city.
- ↑ Cathrin Schmiegel: "We talk 60 percent about cars and 40 percent about women." Der Spiegel, November 15, 2019, accessed on November 19, 2019
- ^ Result of the local election on May 26, 2019
- ^ Result of the local elections on May 25, 2014
- ↑ You always have to reckon with me. In: Schweriner Volkszeitung , January 16, 2018
- ↑ Lindenau remains mayor. In: Schweriner Volkszeitung , October 11, 2015
- ↑ a b § 1 of the main statute (PDF; 77 kB) of the city.
- ^ Website of the city - partnerships , accessed on January 25, 2018
- ↑ Gernot Knödler: NPD does not want to stumble ; Article in the taz from June 17, 2006.
- ↑ The Lindenstadt in the Griesen area on www.luebtheen.de
- ↑ "Der Heidkamp" industrial park
- Jump up ↑ Spring tournament Lübenheen
- ↑ Timeline: History of the city of Lübenheen at www.luebtheen.de
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