Rudolph Suhrlandt

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Rudolph Suhrlandt. Self-Portrait in Rome, 1810

Rudolph Friedrich Carl Suhrlandt (born December 19, 1781 in Ludwigslust , † February 2, 1862 in Schwerin ) was a German portrait painter and lithographer .

biography

Rudolph Suhrlandt was born as the son of the Mecklenburg court painter Johann Heinrich Suhrlandt (1742–1827) and his wife Christina Luisa, b. Schmidt (1753–1793) born. The birth mother had died early and so his stepmother Elisabeth Marie Kramel (1748–1827), a strictly religious preacher's daughter, tried to bring her up. He received his school education at the Ludwigslust Rector School, where the lessons were poor and corporal punishment was part of everyday life, as the artist later recalled.

The young Suhrlandt began his artistic training under the guidance of his father and from 1799, on the recommendation of Christian Daniel Rauch and supported with a princely scholarship, attended the art academy in Dresden. There were among others Johann Eleazar Zeissig , called Schenau, Jakob Crescenz Seydelmann , Johann David Schubert (1761-1822) and Josef Maria Grassi his teachers.

In 1803 he stayed in Vienna to study further at the local academy under Heinrich Friedrich Füger and Hubert Maurer . He got to know the writings of Johann Joachim Winckelmann , drew from ancient statues, made the acquaintance of Antonio Canova and turned to a classical understanding of art. He twice won the academy's drawing competition. With numerous portraits of Russian and Polish aristocrats living in Vienna , he made a reputation for himself as a portrait drawer .

In 1808 Suhrlandt went to Rome , where he became a member of the Lukasgilde . During this time he also made friends with some German Romans , including Johann Christian Reinhart and Bertel Thorvaldsen . 103 of his portrait drawings from this period were acquired by Max Jordan in 1880 for the Kupferstichkabinett Berlin . In 1812 he went to Naples , where he stayed until 1815.

In 1816 Suhrlandt returned to Mecklenburg. There Grand Duke Friedrich Franz I hired him as court painter and on September 5, 1817, he became the first Mecklenburg artist to be professor . At court he enjoyed a privileged position, as was stipulated in an employment contract, he was able to undertake educational trips every two years for 6 to 8 months, which included him in 1828 to Stockholm , 1830 to Saint Petersburg , 1832 to London and 1834 to the Netherlands led.

He also stayed in Bremen from 1822 to 1824, 1827, 1830, 1832, 1836 and 1844 . A large number of hand drawings and oil portraits were created there , including by Wilhelm Olbers , Georg Treviranus , Gesche Gottfried , Jacob Ephraim Polzin and Ludwig von Kapff .

family

Suhrland house in Ludwigslust

In 1824 Suhrlandt married the lithographer Wilhelmine Skoglund (1803–1863) from Ludwigslust . The marriage had four children, a son and three daughters. The eldest daughter Franziska and her husband died early in a shipwreck on Lake Michigan in North America. They left behind a daughter who was taken in and raised by her grandparents in Mecklenburg. The son Carl August , born in 1828 , was artistically gifted like his father and became a history painter. The daughters Pauline Alexandrine and Helene had inherited the artistic talent and dedicated themselves mainly to portrait painting.

Suhrlandt and his family lived in a spacious house on Ludwigsluster Kanalstrasse, which the court architect Johann Georg Barca had built in 1818 on behalf of the Grand Duke. But after he retired on December 21, 1849 at the age of 68, he moved to Schwerin , where he first moved into an apartment on Alexandrinenstrasse and later on Heinrichstrasse.

Suhrlandt and his wife Wilhelmine were buried in a family grave on the south side of the old cathedral cemetery in Schwerin.

Works (selection)

Theseus and Ariadne
Portrait of Friedrich Franz I (1817), gift for Minister Leopold von Plessen
Second portrait by Wilhelmine Suhrlandt

Numerous pictures from Mecklenburg's creative period are now in the possession of the Schwerin State Museum .

painting

Hand drawings

  • 1807 - walk in the park (chalk)
  • 1813 - Designs for large wall paintings to be made in the Caserta summer palace , commissioned by the King of Naples
  • 1815 - Portrait of Capecelato Arcivescovo di Taranto (chalk)
  • 1839 - fall of Jerusalem (pen and ink drawing)
  • undated - Sagittarius and Aquarius ( gouache )

Lithographs

  • 1819 - View of the bathhouse and the New Saale near Doberan
  • 1829 - Portrait poisoner Gesche Margarete Gottfried , b. Timm; Drawing on stone, created on October 3, 1829 in the Bremen criminal prison
  • 1839 - Jeremias on the ruins of Jerusalem

Copies

Titles and awards

  • 1805/06 - Academy of Fine Arts Vienna; First prize in the class of draftsmen based on antiques. Whereupon Friedrich Franz I not only extended the artist's grant , but also increased it significantly.
  • 1810 - Honorary member of the Accademia di San Luca . Honorary membership was in recognition of his work Theseus and Ariadne . Friedrich Franz I then awarded him the title of court portrait painter in absentia on June 23, 1810 and appointed him court painter on October 31 of the same year.

Fonts

  • Aphorisms on the visual arts, illustrated by examples. Printed by AW Sandmeyer, Schwerin 1841.

Memorial culture

Today the house at Kanalstrasse 22 in Ludwigslust is a listed building . The house is named Suhrlandthaus in honor of Rudolph Suhrlandt .

literature

  • Suhrlandt, Rudolph Friedr. Car . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 32 : Stephens – Theodotos . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1938, p. 280-281 .
  • Hela Baudis: Rudolph Suhrlandt. In: Sabine Pettke (Ed.): Biographical Lexicon for Mecklenburg. Volume 4. Schmidt-Römhild, Rostock 2004, ISBN 978-3-7950-3741-3 , pp. 277-282.
  • Hela Baudis: Rudolph Suhrlandt (1781–1862). Crossing the border between classicism and Biedermeier. Life and work of a German court painter and portraitist of the bourgeoisie . Inaugural dissertation. Greifswald 2008 ( digitized version ).
  • Wulf Schadendorf: Museum Behnhaus . The house and its rooms. Painting, sculpture, handicrafts (= Lübeck museum catalogs . 3). 2nd expanded and changed edition. Museum for Art and Cultural History of the Hanseatic City, Lübeck 1976, p. 119 f.

Web links

Commons : Rudolph Suhrlandt  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ In the 1819 census in Mecklenburg-Schwerin, he himself gives December 21, 1782 as his birthday. A church book entry , however, shows December 23, 1781 as the day of Rudolph Suhrlandt's baptism. This speaks for the day of birth, which is generally used in Mecklenburg historical literature. Sculptor Rudolph Kaplunger acted as a baptism witness .
  2. ↑ Grossherzoglich Mecklenburg-Schwerinsches officielles Wochenblatt 1817. Eighth and Thirtieth Pieces, September 20, 1817. p. 4.
personal data
SURNAME Suhrlandt, Rudolph
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Suhrlandt, Rudolph Friedrich Carl (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German portrait painter and lithographer
DATE OF BIRTH December 19, 1781
PLACE OF BIRTH Ludwigslust
DATE OF DEATH February 2, 1862
Place of death Schwerin