Johann Georg Barca

Johann Georg Barca (born June 4, 1781 in Schwerin ; † May 3, 1826 in Ludwigslust ) was a German architect and Mecklenburg construction clerk in the royal seat of Ludwigslust. In his buildings he was mostly a representative of classicism . He also used early neo-Gothic forms on individual buildings .

biography

Marstall Ludwigslust

As the son of master mason Johann Cornelius Christoph Barca, who later rose to become court building inspector, he lived at Schweriner Ritterstrasse 14 in a house designed by Johann Joachim Busch . Little is known about his youth and education. His father may have taught him the purely manual work of his profession. The family of craftsmen came from Italy and entered the service of the dukes of Mecklenburg.

In 1802, Duke Friedrich Franz I granted him a scholarship. Barca attended lectures at the Berlin Bauakademie for a year . His teachers there were David Gilly , Heinrich Gentz and Carl Gotthard Langhans . Long study trips with the support of the sovereign took him to Vienna in 1804, where he met numerous personalities of the Viennese court in the house of the Prussian ambassador Wilhelm von Humboldt . In Rome in 1807 and in Paris in 1808, the sovereign ordered him back to Mecklenburg and commissioned him to design a mausoleum for his wife, Duchess Louise, who died in 1808.

In 1809 he succeeded Johann Christoph Heinrich von Seydewitz as court architect at the Mecklenburg court, who at that time resided in Ludwigslust. In 1810 he was given the duties of a master builder for the Ludwigslust district and he was the administrator of the entire construction industry in the Ludwigslust ducal residence. In addition to Busch, who created the baroque core of the place with its urban structures, it was Barca who carried out the classicist expansion and shaped the image of the residence for decades.

He designed the two stables on the later Alexandrinenplatz (1816/21, demolished around 1950) and on the Schloss Freiheit (1821/22), completed the work by v. Seydewitz started the Catholic Church of St. Helena and Andreas in the castle park in 1803 (1809) and created its bell tower (1817 with consecration), provided the design for the syringe house next to the castle (1815) and designed numerous residential buildings, including his own house at Kanalstrasse 20 and the neighboring house of the court painter Rudolph Suhrlandt (1817/18).

In addition, he managed the economically troubled cardboard box factory in Ludwigslust, which was also known nationwide for its high-quality paper maché products, but whose products ("Ludwigsluster Carton") were hardly in demand.

Portal of the Parchimer town hall

In addition to his work in Ludwigslust, he made designs for some town halls in the classical style. After the Wismar town hall had become largely ruinous in 1816, the order for the new building was awarded to Barca. The building, which was erected from 1817 to 1819, in which parts of the predecessor building were incorporated with the Gothic court arbor and the old cellars, is still the scale-building structure of the very large market square. Barca's design for the Ribnitz town hall was not carried out until after his death in the years 1831–35.

Barca had rebuilt the medieval Parchim town hall in 1818 for the newly established court of appeal . While largely preserving the Gothic brick building, he added a representative neo-Gothic main entrance to the north-western two-storey long side. He separated the three medieval axes with superimposed colossal half-columns and closed them off with an acute-angled gable with superimposed ribs.

Barca had designed only a few buildings in Schwerin. Demmler rebuilt the Schwerin justice office, which he set up in Schelfstrasse in 1813, in 1835. A plan for the redesign of the interior of the shelf church in 1821 remained a draft.

Buildings (selection)

• 1808: Louisen Mausoleum , Ludwigslust
• 1809: St. Helena and Andreas , furnishings, Ludwigslust
• 1813: State superintendent, Parchim, Lindenstrasse 1
• 1813: Schwerin Law Office
• 1814/15: Spritzenhaus, Ludwigslust, Schloss Freiheit 21 (today 3b)
• 1815: Schwerin Cathedral , interior decoration
• 1817: House Barca, Ludwigslust, Kanalstrasse 20
• 1818: Parchim town hall , Schuhmarkt 1, renovation
• 1819: Wismar town hall , renovation, Am Markt 1
• 1820: Presidential House, Parchim, Blutstr. 5/6, later high school and lyceum , today a town house
• 1821: Prinzenstall Ludwigslust, Clara-Zetkin-Straße, renovation, now a residential building
• 1822: Great Marstall, Ludwigslust, Schlossstrasse, demolished
• 1822: Small Marstall, Ludwigslust, Schloss Freiheit 10
• 1824: Quadruple officer's house, Ludwigslust, Schweriner Strasse
• 1825: Six-fold officer's house, Ludwigslust, Schweriner Straße 29, heavily rebuilt
• 1834: Ribnitz town hall

literature

• Friedrich Schlie : The district court districts of Wismar, Grevesmühlen, Rehna, Gadebusch and Schwerin . In: The art and historical monuments of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin . tape II . Stock & Stein-Verlag, Schwerin iM 1992, ISBN 3-910179-06-1 , Rathaus, p. 176 ff . ( Text archive - Internet Archive - first edition: Bärensprung, Schwerin iM 1898, reprint).
• Friedrich Schlie: The district court districts of Hagenow, Wittenburg, Boizenburg, Lübenheen, Dömitz, Grabow, Ludwigslust, Neustadt, Crivitz, Brüel, Warin, Neubukow, Kröpelin and Doberan . In: The art and historical monuments of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin . tape III . Bärensprung, Schwerin in 1899, Louis Chapel, p. 262 and 268 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
• Hans Vollmer: Barca . In: Ulrich Thieme , Felix Becker (Hrsg.): General Lexicon of Fine Artists from Antiquity to the Present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker. tape 2 : Antonio da Monza-Bassan . Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig 1908, p. 481 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
• Johann Georg Barca . In: General Artist Lexicon . The visual artists of all times and peoples (AKL). Volume 7, Saur, Munich a. a. 1993, ISBN 3-598-22747-7 , p. 14.
• Gerhard Steiniger: Master builder in Mecklenburg from eight centuries unknown and well-known architects in cities and villages in the country. Thon, Schwerin 1998, ISBN 3-928820-88-5 , pp. 114-118.
• Katharina v. Pentz: Johann Georg Barca (1781-1826). Court architect in Ludwigslust. Reflections on life and work. Diss. Hamburg 2010 uni-hamburg.de (PDF; 786 kB)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Horst Ende: The architect between Busch and Demmler. Johann Barca left behind a no-frills architecture. SVZ Schwerin, MM 2006, No. 23.

Web links

Commons : Johann Georg Barca  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Literature about Johann Georg Barca in the state bibliography MV
• Kathrin Neumann: Architecture in Ludwigslust: An avid Barca fan. In: svz.de. Retrieved October 18, 2016 .