Individual applicants
A single candidate is a candidate for a political office who runs an election without having been nominated by a party . Individual applicants are mostly non-party . However, it also happens that party members run as individual applicants.
Bundestag elections
In order to stand as an individual applicant in German federal elections, you have to present at least 200 supporting signatures from eligible voters in the constituency. If an individual applicant achieves at least 10% of the first votes, he will be reimbursed for election costs .
1949 | 1953 | 1957 | 1961 | 1965 | 1969 | 1972 | 1976 | 1980 | 1983 | 1987 | 1990 | 1994 | 1998 | 2002 | 2005 | 2009 | 2013 | 2017 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
117 * | 6th | 2 | 6th | 2 | 19 + | 7th | 17th | 9 | 9 | 261 # | 51 ° | 37 | 105 | 60 | 60 | 166 % | 81 | 111 & |
In the first federal election , 117 individual applicants stood, partly because the expellee organizations had not received a party license. A total of 4.8% of the votes came from individual applicants. Three individual applicants entered the Bundestag: Eduard Edert (as a joint candidate of the CDU , FDP and DP ), Franz Ott (as representative of expellees) and Richard Freudenberg (later co-founder of the Free Voters Baden-Württemberg ). As early as 1953 , there were only six individual applicants - Freudenberg was unsuccessful in his renewed candidacy. 1987 joined the Peace List in almost all constituencies with individual candidates. Since reunification , the number of individual applicants has risen, but they have not been able to achieve greater success. In 2013 , individual applicants accounted for 0.17% of the first votes.
choice | Applicants | Constituency | password | be right | proportion of | comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1953 | Richard Freudenberg | 180 Mannheim-Land | Freudenberg voters' association "non-party" | 15,709 | 20.8% | Elected independent in 1949 |
1969 | Wilhelm Daniels | 63 Bonn | Action Committee "Daniels in the Bundestag" | 29,895 | 20.1% | Former Lord Mayor of Bonn (Ex-CDU) |
1983 | Helmut Palmer | 167 Goeppingen | civil rights activist | 28,456 | 19.8% | "Rems Valley Rebel" |
1987 | Helmut Palmer | 168 Waiblingen | "Citizenship" voter group | 31,625 | 19.2% | |
Franz Handlos | 213 Deggendorf | HANDLESS VOTER GROUP | 17,523 | 17.2% | since 1972 for CSU in the Bundestag, 1983–1985 chairman of the REP | |
1990 | Helmut Palmer | 193 Reutlingen | Partner Palmer | 16,148 | 11.3% | |
2005 | Martin Hohmann | 176 Fulda | Hohmann | 39,545 | 21.5% | since 1998 for the CDU in the Bundestag, excluded in 2003 |
Konrad Dippel | 236 willows | Thank you for your trust! | 17,944 | 13.6% | ||
2009 | Konrad Dippel | 235 pastures | Your free citizen candidate of the North Upper Palatinate - for referendums - thank you for your trust | 17,196 | 14.1% |
Local elections
Individual applicants are often represented in local councils, especially in smaller towns. In some places they even make up the majority of the municipal councils.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Information on participation in federal elections ( memento of the original from February 11, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , bundeswahlleiter.de, accessed on May 19, 2012
- ↑ https://www.bundeswahlleiter.de/dam/jcr/f44145b0-99b6-4e87-bec9-b8c7dd4aa79a/btw17_sonderheft_online.pdf
- ↑ a b http://wahlen-in-deutschland.de/bEZB.htm
- ↑ https://www.rf-news.de/2017/kw37/170914-kandidatenlisten.pdf