Lützow (noble family)

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Family coat of arms of those of Lützow

Lutzow (formerly Lützau ) is the name of an old Mecklenburg noble family with the same name parent (now Dreilützow , district of the municipality Wittendörp in office Wittenburg the district Ludwigslust-Parchim ( Mecklenburg-Vorpommern ), northeast of the local situation of the city Wittenburg ), which in two lines - Mecklenburg / Prussia and Austria / Bohemia - is divided.

history

Mecklenburg-Prussian Line

The Mecklenburg-Prussian Lützow have their parent company in Dreilützow (today a part of Wittendbod near Wittenburg ) and are first mentioned in a document on November 5, 1287 with Dominus Johannes de Lutzowe (1287/1316), with whom the direct line of roots begins. In the division of his sons' inheritance, the Dreilützow estate fell to the youngest son Burkhard Lützow (1312/1348), who, like his father, previously served as a sovereign councilor to the Counts of Schwerin. After the County of Schwerin came to Mecklenburg in 1358, this branch of the family with Burkhard Lützow (1348/1391) and the Schwerin bailiff Gumbrecht Lützow (1389/1419) gave rise to two ducal councilors, but then lost their political importance due to insufficient affluence.

The family's old possessions also included Gut Pritzier , located in the county of Schwerin , which the middle son Johann Lützow (1312/1348) received as an inheritance. This branch of the family also owned the neighboring Schwechow estate . The political significance of this branch of the family was insignificant in the late Middle Ages, and sovereign councils did not emerge from it at all.

In contrast to his brothers who remained in the county of Schwerin, the progenitor's eldest son Wichbert Lützow (1305/1336) received the properties near Gadebusch in the neighboring lordship of Mecklenburg, including the Groß Salitz estate , which was owned from the beginning of the 14th century until 1945 the family was. The manor house there dates from the 18th century, with an extension from 1936. As Henry II's Court Marshal of Mecklenburg , Wichbert Lützow belonged to the closest circle of this aspiring sovereign. He also acted as one of its war entrepreneurs and earned the bailiwick of Grabow as a reward for his services . With this pledge, the family took over the security of a section of the state border against Brandenburg until the end of the 15th century . His son Johann Lützow (1334/1367) followed him not only as sovereign councilor, but also as Marshal Albrecht II of Mecklenburg , with which the court marshal 's office originally held by the Lützows gradually developed into a hereditary marshal 's office via the land marshal 's office . Johann's nephew Ludolf Lützow (1362/1387) was again a marshal, ducal councilor and also a successful Mecklenburg war entrepreneur, whereby the family also came into the temporary lien in the Bailiwick of Wittenburg. Further ducal councilors of this family branch were: Friedrich Lützow in Dutzow (1334/1362), Wichbert Lützow in Wittenburg (1369/1414), Johann Lützow in Grabow (1382/1414), Wichbert Lützow in Grabow (1389/1436), Ludolf Lützow in Grabow (1427/1483), Klaus Lützow in Eickhof (1471/1500). This family branch also owned estates in Dutzow , Bakendorf and Perlin .

With the exchange of the bailiwick of Grabow for the castle and bailiwick of Eickhof with Eickelberg in 1494, the hereditary marshal dignity of the knightly district of Mecklenburg, which had long been held by the Lützows, was henceforth attached to this estate. By 1918 they provided one of the three hereditary land marshals that existed in old Mecklenburg at the same time. As such, Claus Lützow signed the Union of Estates in 1523 as the first of the knighthood .

In Prussia, on August 6, 1869 for Kurt von Lützow and on January 9, 1884 for Leo von Lützow, Prussian judge of the chamber of justice, the use of the baron title was approved by the highest cabinet regulations. From the branch Dutzow, which uses the spelling Lützau , Hugo von Lützau, Danish chamberlain, was accepted into the Danish nobility on December 18, 1651.

This line includes:

Georg von Lützow was married to Katharina Elisabeth von Lüneburg , a daughter of Duke August the Elder of Braunschweig and Lüneburg (1568–1636) from the morganatic marriage with Ilsa Schmedecken.

The branch of Lützow called von Dorgelo goes back to the Prussian Colonel Ludwig Heinrich Freiherr von Lützow (1824–1899), who was only allowed to inherit the inheritance of his maternal uncle, August Wilhelm Anton von Dorgelo (1762–1855), who died childless that he took his mother's maiden name.

A civil branch of Lützow goes to lieutenant colonel a. D. Hans Lebrecht Paul von Lützow from Groß Salitz (born February 1, 1848 in Kicin near Posen ), from his relationship with Rosa Zachmann (born December 8, 1861 in Königsbach / Baden ). His granddaughter, the nurse Irene Waltraud Anna Lützow (born March 3, 1917 in Mannheim ), adopted a modified heraldic coat of arms on September 3, 1979 , with management rights for herself and her legitimate offspring in the male line, in 1990 extended to all male and female descendants of her Grandfather.

Württemberg line

Friedrich von Lützow (* 1759 in Schwerin, † 1833 in Stuttgart) founded the Württemberg line. He was Württemberg Real Privy Councilor and Chamberlain , Chief Forester and Chief Hunter, and Grand Cross of the Civil Merit Order . He was married to Friederike Charlotte von Franquemont , a natural daughter of Duke Carl Eugen von Württemberg († 1793) and the Italian singer Franchini. Both their son, Friedrich Carl Franz Christian von Lützow (* 1791 in Urach, † 1850 in Cannstatt), were Württemberg chief forest master in Urach and on February 16, 1843 he was accepted into the personal register of the non-wealthy nobility in the Kingdom of Württemberg with the title of baron . Baron Maximilian Philipp von Lützow (1832-1870), killed in the Second Battle of Villiers , came from his marriage to Karoline von Ellrichshausen, daughter of Freiherr Karl Gottfried von Ellrichshausen, Lord of Jagstheim, and Luise von Falkenhausen . He was a Württemberg captain and company commander in the 1st Infantry Regiment "Queen Olga" . The Knight of Honor of the Order of St. John , Baron Alfred Maximilian von Lützow (1867-1924) , came from his marriage to Eugenie Stiefel, daughter of Karl von Stiefel (1813 Württemberg nobility as a knight of the Order of Military Merit ), Württemberg major and battalion commander in the 8th Württemberg Infantry Regiment , Württemberg colonel, commander of the Landwehr Regiment No. 122 in World War I and deputy leader of the 54th Landwehr Brigade, who was married to Anna Federer, daughter of Adolf Federer, banker and honorary consul of Argentina. Both sons were the bank clerk Maximilian Alfred Freiherr von Lützow, born in Stuttgart in 1900, who died in Bad Godesberg in 1970. His son Konrad Freiherr von Lützow married into the von Mühlen family in 1958, which is why he was accepted into the Frankfurt patrician society Alten Limpurg in 1961 .

Austrian-Bohemian Line (Dreilützow-Seedorf)

At the time of the Reformation, part of the family (named after Gut Seedorf am Schaalsee ), who did not want to give up the Catholic faith in Mecklenburg, which is now strictly Protestant, emigrated to the imperial hereditary lands in Bohemia .

On February 13, 1692 she was raised to the rank of imperial count for the imperial chamberlain Gottfried Freiherr von Lützow, landlord on Tuppau (Duppau) and Sachsengrün ( Duppau mountains ).

This line includes:

coat of arms

Family coat of arms

The original coat of arms shows a four-lobed black ladder diagonally to the right in gold (oldest known seal from June 23, 1313). The related Mecklenburg noble family Goldenbow carried the same coat of arms . A seal of Johannes Lützow zu Grabow from 1456 shows a simple flight of birds as a helmet ornament . The origin of the three natural peacock feathers , namely three feathers, maybe heron feathers appear on the crowned helmet for the first time in 1483 . In the following period, instead of the three peacock feathers, tombstones, seals, glass paintings and other pictorial representations sometimes have a single-row peacock frond with up to eight eyes, sometimes even a double peacock frond consisting of two rows; More rarely, three ostrich feathers take the place of the peacock feathers. Lisch mentioned in 1846: "The von Lützow also have a wide peacock feather on their helmets."

Towards the end of the 16th century, the representation of a slanting four-rung black scaling ladder (with bent ends to hook into the fortress wall to be stormed) became common. On the helmet with black-gold (also black-gold-red) covers a low, three times tinned red wall (probably as a supplement to the scaling ladder), from which three natural peacock feathers between (1578) two scaling ladders; later grow between two pendent silver (also black) lilies on green stems. The lilies are probably a historical misinterpretation of an elevation or a sculptural work from 1578, which were actually helmet tops, which then became part of the coat of arms as a new element. In 1612, as an ingredient that was only matched in 1802, two gold-black split buffalo horns were shown on the trunk helmet.

Count's coat of arms

The increased imperial coat of arms (survey 1692) of the line to Drei-Lützow and Seedorf is crowned and squared with a crowned heart shield : Field 1: in gold a crowned black double-headed eagle, field 2 and 3: in blue a red, jointed battlement wall, the middle one The pinnacle of three is covered with a peacock plume (indicative of the trunk helmet ornament), field 4: in gold a silver armor, holding a sword in the right hand, in the left a red, gold-framed shield, heart shield: in gold a slanted four-lobed black scaling ladder (trunk coat of arms ). Three crowned helmets: Helmet 1 (middle): Between two half (vertically split) outwardly inclined four-branched black scaling ladders a natural peacock whisk (trunk helmet variant), helmet 2 (right): a black double-headed eagle, helmet 3 (left): a silver armor, in holding a sword in the right hand, a red, gold-framed shield in the left, between two buffalo horns divided across black and gold. Black and gold helmet covers.

Barons coat of arms

The increased baronial coat of arms (survey 1786) is four-sided with a heart shield: Field 1 and 4: in gold a slanted four-branched black scaling ladder (main coat of arms), Field 2 and 3: in silver a red mill wheel, heart shield: in silver a four-branched black scaling ladder in stake . Two helmets: Helmet 1 (right): Above a red battlement wall, a natural peacock's tail between two black lilies hanging from curved silver stems (trunk helmet), Helmet 2 (right): a growing silver bracke between a golden flight. Helmet covers on the right black and gold, on the left red and silver.

This coat of arms is assigned to the elevation of Lieutenant Colonel Sigismund von Lützow to the imperial baron status on February 10, 1786.

  • Coat of arms of the von Lützow family (16th century)

  • Coat of arms of Helene von Lützow, prioress in the Dobbertin monastery

  • Imperial coat of arms

  • "Coat of arms of Schleswig-Holstein, Danish and other noble families"

Bastard coat of arms

The bastard coat of arms (1979) designed by the heraldist Ottfried Neubecker shows a golden-black shield, which is divided diagonally to the left, and a scaling ladder placed diagonally to the right in confused colors . On the helmet with black and gold covers a black battlement wall, on it three natural peacock feathers between two green-stemmed silver heraldic lilies hanging down.

Irene Waltraud Anna Lützow (* on March 3, 1917 in Mannheim ), granddaughter of the retired Lieutenant Colonel, took this coat of arms similar to the noble family coat of arms . D. Hans Lebrecht Paul von Lützow from the house of Groß Salitz (born February 1, 1848 in Kicin near Posen ) from his connection with Rosa Zachmann (born December 8, 1861 in Königsbach / Baden ), new on September 3, 1979 Management authorization for themselves and their legitimate offspring in the male line, extended in 1990 to all male and female descendants of their grandfather.

literature

Web links

Commons : Lützow  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Mecklenburg record book No. 1929
  2. ↑ Tobias Pietsch, Leading Groups in the Late Medieval Lower Nobility of Mecklenburg, Kiel 2019, pp. 228–242.
  3. ^ Genealogical handbook of the nobility . Volume F XVI, p. 175, CA Starke-Verlag, Limburg, 1992, ISBN 3-7980-0700-4 .
  4. ^ Genealogical handbook of the nobility. Volume A XXI, p. 274, CA Starke-Verlag, Limburg, 1990, ISBN 3-7980-0700-4 .
  5. ↑ Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of noble houses . 2nd year, Justus Perthes , Gotha 1901, p. 587.
  6. ^ Bernhard Peter: Coat of arms in the case of illegitimate connections between the royal houses
  7. ^ Jan Derk Dorgelo: The Genealogical History of the Family Dorgelo. (PDF; 306 kB), 2003, p. 11f.
  8. ↑ a b Coat of arms of the Lützow family (Mannheim) ( Memento of the original from December 10, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , registered under No. 80030, published in the Allgemeine Deutsche Wappenrolle in Volume III (1981), p. 172 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.eherold.org
  9. ↑ a b Coat of arms of the Lützow family (Groß-Salitz / Mecklenburg) ( Memento of the original from December 10, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , registered under no. 89181, published in the Allgemeine Deutsche Wappenrolle in Volume XII (1990–1992), p. 145 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.eherold.org
  10. ^ The Frankfurt patriciate: Lützow
  11. ↑ a b c d e f Henning Freiherr von Lützow, thoughts on our coat of arms , in the Lützow family sheet 1st year, no.1, July 1922 ( digitized version ( memento of the original from May 3, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.vonluetzow.de
  12. ↑ Friedrich Crull, The coats of arms of the genders of the team, which occurred up to 1360 in today's Mecklenburg borders, in: Yearbooks of the Association for Mecklenburg History and Antiquity 52 (1887), pp. 34–182, here p. 88.
  13. ↑ a b c d e Bernhard Peter: Ex-libris by A. Hildebrandt - Henning Freiherr von Lützow
  14. ^ Georg Christian Friedrich Lisch , The von Lewetzow and von Lowtzow. In: Yearbooks of the Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology, Volume 11 (1846), pp. 476–481, especially 477 ( digitized version )
  15. ↑ Gotha. Genealogy. Paperback of the barons houses . Part A, year 90, 1940, p. 356 ( digitized version )
  16. ↑ Gotha. Genealogy. Paperback of noble houses. 2nd year 1901, p. 584 ( digitized version )
  17. ↑ Coat of arms of Schleswig-Holstein, Danish and other noble families . dibiki.ub.uni-kiel.de. Retrieved April 9, 2020.