Vellahn

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 53 ° 24 '  N , 10 ° 58'  E
Basic data
State :	Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
County :	Ludwigslust-Parchim
Office :	Zarrentin
Height :	35 m above sea level NHN
Area :	106.48 km 2
Residents:	2752 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	26 inhabitants per km 2
Postcodes :	19260, 19243 (Kützin, Wulfskuhl) , 19246 (Camin) , 19260 (Melkof)
Area code :	038848
License plate :	LUP, HGN, LBZ, LWL, PCH, STB
Community key :	13 0 76 142
Community structure:	7 districts
Office administration address:	Amtsstr. 4–5, 19246 Zarrentin am Schaalsee
Website :	www.amt-zarrentin.de
Mayor :	Mike Gerke
Location of the municipality of Vellahn in the Ludwigslust-Parchim district

Vellahn is a municipality in the Ludwigslust-Parchim district in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Germany). It is administered by the Zarrentin Office based in the town of Zarrentin am Schaalsee . On June 13, 2004, the previously independent communities of Banzin, Bennin, Camin, Kloddram, Melkof and Rodenwalde were incorporated into the community of Vellahn. The community is the sponsored city of the 401 Panzer Grenadier Battalion in Hagenow .

geography

Vellahn is the southernmost and largest municipality in the administrative area. The federal road 5 runs through the municipality. The Schaale and the shields flowing into it flow through the municipality in a south-westerly direction.

Districts

The districts of Banzin, Bennin (with the towns of Bennin, Schildfeld and Tüschow), Camin (with the towns of Camin, Kützin and Wulfskuhl), Kloddram, Melkof (with the towns of Melkof and Jesow) and Rodenwalde (with the towns of Albertinenhof) belong to the municipality of Vellahn , Goldenbow, Marsow and Rodenwalde).

Panoramic view of Vellahn

history

Vellahn

Around 1170, a Romanesque stone church was built in what was then called Vilan . The first documentary mention was made in 1194 in the Isfried partition contract . In 1230, after the Ratzeburg tithe register was drawn up, 14 villages belonged to the church . The water mill in Vellahn was owned by the Zarrentin Monastery in 1279 , but in 1358 it went to the Counts of Schwerin . The church fell into disrepair and was rebuilt after 1386 without a tower. From 1701 Vellahn belonged to the Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin . From 1883 to 1885 the church was rebuilt by Theodor Krüger together with Hermann Schlosser.

In the second half of the 15th century there were 146 inhabitants in Vellahn. This number increased to around 200 by 1700 and to 644 by 1905. At that time there was a three-class school in the village, a doctor, a pharmacy, five jugs, shops and craft workshops.

In 2012 the interior of the church was converted into a winter church and a community center.

Banzin

Banzin was first mentioned in 1194 in the Isfried partition contract and is also one of the villages listed in the Ratzeburg tithe register around 1170. The name Banzin comes from Polabian ("place of Bąča") and changed its spelling in the course of history. The place was called Bansin in 1194 and Bantzin in 1348. Originally, Banzin was laid out as a so-called Sackplatzdorf , a type of settlement typical of the high medieval development of the Germania Slavica , which is often found in the area and indicates an associated reorganization of the arable land.

In 1230 the place consisted of 17 Hufen and belonged to the parish Vellahn. The estate had been owned by Lützow since 1371 . In 1652 it was taken over by the Swedish colonel Markwart Ernst von Pentz . In the church visit protocol from 1653, a small half-timbered chapel with a small bell on the wooden shed was mentioned. In 1765 Banzin went to Hermann Theobald von Kurtzrock. In 1796 Georg Heinrich von Döring bought the property, who immediately ceded the purchase contract to Gotthard Wilhelm von Laffert on Dammerez. From 1800 the estate changed hands to Ernst August von Laffert , who at that time also owned the Dammereez estate .

From 1840 to 1850 the former manor house ("castle") was rebuilt. The result was a simple two-storey building with eleven axes, whereby the central projection was emphasized with a flat triangular gable. Master builder Ludwig August Johann Gottlieb Bartning from Schwerin designed the building, the bricks came from their own brick factory. Court gardener Theodor Klett helped design the park in 1840 by creating groups of elm and linden trees. In 1861 the manor house was modernized in the style of an English country house and received a square tower on the right wing. In the summer of 1862, the glass house was built, which was described in detail in the journal for building tradesmen only a year later and represented in plans. The bricklayer student A. Herr from Wittenburg is named as a draftsman. A solidly bricked annex, also serving as a balcony, divided into the garden with three high arched windows, connected the residential building with the actual, sixteen-axis glass house. Inside the glass house there was an area for warm house and one for cold house plants. The extension served as a flower room and at the same time as a boiler room. In 1897 the property became the property of the Lübeck mayor Johann Hermann Eschenburg . The estate was settled in 1931 for 45 settlers. Today the mansion is empty and in ruins. The park is overgrown.

Bennin

Bennin was first mentioned as Benin in 1158 with regard to the initial equipment of the Ratzeburg diocese . It is one of the oldest villages in the state of Boizenburg in the Ratzeburg tithe register .

The church, built in 1503 by Bishop Johannes von Parkentin on the outskirts of the village, was destroyed in the Thirty Years War. Today's rectangular half-timbered building with an octagonal choir was built in 1682 and consecrated to St. Dionysius. The low, wooden tower with a pointed pyramid dome was placed in front of the west wall in 1868. The small bronze bell has an inscription from 1660. The interior is closed with a flat wooden beam ceiling. A late Gothic carved altar in the choir depicts the Coronation of the Virgin, underneath there are saints and on the wing paintings are John the Baptist and Moses. The simple, simple furnishings include the wooden pulpit and the remains of a patronage chair from 1744.

In June 1964, a Bronze Age barrow near the site was archaeologically examined and documented on behalf of the Museum of Prehistory and Early History in Schwerin.

From 1987 the church roof was renewed and re-covered with plain tiles. After the interior restoration in 1991, the wooden tower was renovated in 1997 and fitted with a ball and weather vane .

Camin

Camin stone church

Camin was first mentioned in a document in 1194 in the Isfried partition contract . According to the information in the Ratzeburg tithe register of 1230, the church in Camin formed its own parish , to which the villages Goldenbow, Vietow , Kogel and Dodow as well as the villages Doddin and Holthusen belonged. The name is derived from the Wendish word kamy, kameni stone and means Steinort. In 1246 Ludolf , Bishop of Ratzeburg , exchanged the tithe of four hooves in Molzahn for the knight Bernhardus de Camin for the same in Camin. His successor, the Ratzeburg bishop Friedrich, confirmed this exchange in 1257 and the transfer of further villages to the cathedral chapter.

In the Middle Ages the streams stood at the confluence Motel and shields the Oll Borg those of Züle . In 1291 a Volrad von Züle was mentioned. At that time they were robber barons and their castle was destroyed by Lübeckers in 1349. In 1591 Camin belonged to the von Halberstadt family. In 1615 they sold the estate to Hartwig von Pentz on Toddin . Camin was also devastated in the Thirty Years War and the von Pentz family could no longer hold the estate. In 1664 it finally passed to Berend Joachim von Bülow. It is not known when the first mansion was built. Certainly such a thing already existed at the time of Hartwig von Pentz. The house was rebuilt several times, ultimately facing with the red bricks. The stepped gable has disappeared and an additional storey was added. The von Bülow Allianz coat of arms from 1786 is still located above the entrance door .

In 1852 a new stone church was built on the hill in the village in the style of English Tudor Gothic. In 1855 it was consecrated to St. George, as reported in the visitation protocol from 1653. The parish was rich at the time and even founded a poor house. The core of the drawn-in brick tower in front of the west gable still has medieval remains. It was changed after a fire in 1920. The cross-shaped floor plan in the two-bay nave with two simple star vaults ends with an octagonal choir. The different window shapes are striking, for example in the choir made of chamfered stone with shoulder arches, on the nave as a pointed arch group of two and in the tower with cast iron tracery. In the choir windows there are depictions of saints, the crucifixion window was donated in 1901 by sexton Adolf Burgdorf. Defects were caused by vandalism and extensive losses due to extensive repairs.

In 1934 the settlement took place and in 1937 the Chamberlain von Bülow bought the remnants. In 1945 Camin was expropriated and the manor house was cleared out by the Red Army. The house was later leased to the Protestant church, which set up an old people's home there and called it Helenenheim. Helene von Bülow was born on January 14, 1816 as the third of twelve children from Bernhard von Bülow to Camin and Elise, née. von der Lühe was born in Camin and enrolled in Dobbertin Monastery on January 18, 1816 under the number 923 . She founded as a deaconess in 1847 Kleinow, now Ludwigslust the pin Bethlehem , which she ran for forty years as superior.

Goldenbow

Gut Goldenbow belonged to the possessions of the Lützow family . It was the seat of a part of the family who remained Catholic. In the 19th century, the estate initially belonged to the von Schilden family before it came to Jaspar Friedrich von Bülow and his descendants as a family fideikommiss . The manor house Goldenbow , a stately looking Renaissance building of two floors was built in 1696, probably as a moated castle, and rebuilt after 1852. The existing round water tower was part of the estate.

Jesow

On July 1, 1950, the community of Jesow was incorporated into Melkof.

Marsov

Field stone church

Burial chapel

In 1230 Marsow was mentioned as an estate in the Ratzeburg tithe register . The Marsowe Wernerus are said to have owned the village as early as 1194. Before 1360 the property went to the Züle families , who also owned the Zühr . The von Züle remained on Marsow until 1726. Lieutenant General Friedrich von Züle auf Zühr sold Marsow to Hofmeister Freiherrn Kurt von Lützow auf Goldenbow. In 1797 the von Schilden family followed , who in 1798 formed the new Rodenwalde estate from parts of the Marsow and Goldenbow fields. Marsow inherited by marriage in 1852 to von Bülows .

The single-nave stone church with a retracted rectangular choir in Marsow was built in the second half of the 14th century. The von Bülow family had held the church patronage since 1860 . The von Bülows initially had a burial chapel added to the west and the church was completely rebuilt in 1911/1912. The entrance porch and the lattice tower above the west gable with an eight-sided lantern and a Welscher hood were created . The west gable is decorated with staggered brick arches. The interior of the church with the two arches was painted with biblical scenes, figures and ornaments by the Parchim painter Wilhelm Schomann .

The nave was vaulted with a groin vault . Inside a patron stalls were a gallery , a font gray marble of 1834, a, donated by the General Major Friedrich of Züle 1725 baroque Altaraufsatz with crucifix, a baroque wooden pulpit and a the organ builder Friedrich Friese III manufactured organ added. The colored stained glass windows were designed by Wilhelm Schomann (1881–1917) and Fritz Geiges (1853–1935). Three bells hung in the roof.

On July 1, 1950, the Marsow community was incorporated into Rodenwalde.

The church was renovated from 2001 with the support of the Association for the Preservation of the Field Stone Church Marsow eV . With the support of the Oetker Foundation, a major area of ​​the choir painting was preserved and restored in 2005 by the restorer Heiko Brandner. Due to structural defects that had existed for years and a furnace heating with corresponding sulfur dioxide pollution and soot, the damage in connection with the high moisture pollution was great and had already led to extensive losses on the wall paintings, especially in the plinth areas. In 2008, the restoration of the vaults with tendril paintings on a red background based on the original, colored designs found in the Parchim City Museum was successfully continued.

A little off the beaten track is the burial chapel built in 1871 by the court building officer Hermann Willebrand for the von Bülow family . On the east and west sides of the portals are hexagrams , the north portal has a relief with the coat of arms of the noble family . The wooden doors are decorated with decorative fittings.

Melkof

Melkhof mansion from the time of the von Pentz family

Melkof Castle

Manor Church

Around 1230 Melkhof belonged to the parish of Vellahn. It stayed that way until the manor church was completed in 1870. The lords of Pentz von Pentz sat on the old manor, today's Melkof Castle , for almost 400 years (1471–1819) . From 1819 Melkhof went to the von der Betten family . The original name of the place Melkhof was changed to Melkof before 1890 by a sovereign order at the request of the owner.

The Gutskirche in Melkhof from 1870 was built as a new building according to designs by Hermann Willebrand in outwardly late Classicist forms. It consists of the tower with a slate-covered pointed spire , the nave covered with a flat gable roof , also covered with slate , and the polygonal crypt annex to the east. All components are finely designed with an antique decor in the plastering. In the horizontal division of the high, arched, closed windows, the outer longitudinal walls point to the gallery church inside. The classicist architecture is continued in the wall piece and the color of the interior walls with pilasters , cornices and friezes . The wooden galleries on three sides and the organ prospect on the east side as well as the bench stalls, all covered with fine wood imitation, correspond to this form of good. In contrast to this, the room is spanned by a wooden ceiling in the form of Tudor Gothic. The altar in the east is again characterized by a neo-baroque design. In the altarpiece by W. Schütze from Berlin in 1869, Christ standing up, flanked above on pillars and pilasters by two angels, saints stand on two bases on both sides. The organ (II / P / 10) was set up around 1869 by the Berlin organ builder Carl August Buchholz , it is not playable today.
The renovation was carried out from 2008 to 2012.

Rodenwalde

The estate was formed as Neuhof after 1752 from parts of the Goldenbow and Marsow field marks and belonged to the von Schilden family. The mansion with thatched roof dates from 1715.

In 1852 the heir daughter Elisabeth von Schilden married Jaspar Friedrich von Bülow . The son and heir Alexander von Bülow became Minister of State in Schwerin under Friedrich Franz II .

In 1930 the German-South African geologist Dr. Hans Merensky Rodenwalde with one of the best hunting grounds in Mecklenburg from Chamberlain Henning von Bülow. The estate consisted of a farm house, cowshed, barns, sheep and horse stables and thatched half-timbered buildings. Merensky's Description: The manor house, although it had 40 rooms, was quite simple compared to Goldebow. It was a simple brick building with a steep thatched roof and mansard windows. The main wing was already 200 years old, but the wing with the bedrooms had only been built by the father of the current owner, Alexander von Bülow, who had been Prime Minister of the Grand Duchy. The manor park with its splendor of flowers on the back of the house was delightful. A pergola stretched along the bedroom wing, which was dotted with dark red roses all summer long. Ancient oaks provided shade in the huge park. The paths were covered with thick carpets of moss and lichen. And again and again wide lawns opened up between the trees on which rhododendron groups bloomed.

From 1937 Merensky had the estate relocated and the farm buildings were rebuilt by Parchim architect Werner Cords according to the agricultural requirements of the time . Workshops and a granary were added. During the short time that Merensky owned Rodenwalde, he only stayed there six to eight weeks a year. Nevertheless, he invested 400,000 marks in the refurbishment of the manor house and in the renovation of the farm workers' houses.

Shield field

On July 1, 1950, the community of Schildfeld was incorporated into Bennin. The Forest and Game Foundation in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania is based in Schildfeld and has a training and meeting place in the former horse stable of the Schildfeld Forestry Farm.

Tüschow

Tüschow mansion

Tüschow was first mentioned in 1230 in the Ratzeburg tithe register as a village in the Boizenburg region. Landowners were u. a. the families von Bischwang (1500–1555), von Züle (until 1624 or 1689), von Scheither and von Boye (until 1775), von Stern (1779–1913) and von Hennig (until 1930 or 1935). The property was then settled and a remnant remained until 1945. The classicistic two-storey mansion with the striking portico dates from 1835. After 1945 it was used for residential purposes. It was renovated until 20005.

On July 1, 1950, Tüschow was incorporated into Bennin.

politics

Coat of arms, flag, official seal

The municipality has no officially approved national emblem, neither a coat of arms nor a flag. The official seal is the small state seal with the coat of arms of the state of Mecklenburg. It shows a looking bull's head with torn neck fur and crown and the inscription "GEMEINDE VELLAHN".

Attractions

See also : List of architectural monuments in Vellahn

• Neo-Gothic church in Vellahn
• Late Gothic half-timbered church from 1682 with a wooden west tower in Bennin
• Gothic stone church in Marsow from the 14th century with a half-timbered tower with eight-sided lantern and Welsche dome
• Neo-Gothic Melkof Castle with a late classical manor church
• Castle park in Banzin
• Goldenbow mansion and water tower
• Kloddram Manor
• Tüschow mansion from 1835 with courtyard and park

• 

  Vellahn village church

• 

  Church in Melkof

• 

  Camin village church

• 

  pent-up shields in shield field

Sports

The Mamalon riding stables were established in Melkof in 1997 and are used by riders and local youth. At the beginning of 2006 a riding hall was built on the property.

Personalities

• Bernhard Joachim von Bülow (1747-1826), Mecklenburg-Schwerin diplomat and court marshal
• Carl Alexander Bolten (1805–1899), born in Kloddram, lawyer and notary, honorary citizen of the city of Rostock
• Helene von Bülow (1816–1890), born in Cammin, founder and first superior of the deaconess mother house, Bethlehem Abbey in Ludwigslust
• Friedrich Chrysander (1826–1901), Handel researcher, editor of the Handel Complete Edition, lived temporarily in Vellahn; died in Bergedorf, he was buried in Vellahn
• Julius von der Betten (1827–1867), landlord on Melkof, member of the Mecklenburg parliament
• Karl Klaus von der Betten (1833–1865), a traveler to Africa, grew up on Melkof
• Eilert Tantzen (1929–2012), born in Marsow, forester, genealogist, local historian, conservationist and local politician
• Karl-Ludwig Schmaltz (* 1932), born in Vellahn, artist
• Hans-Jürgen Hinrichs (1933–2015), born in Rodenwalde, manager, handball player and sports official

Web links

Commons : Vellahn  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Literature about Vellahn in the state bibliography MV
• Homepage of the municipality of Vellahn
• Website via Bennin

Literature and Sources

literature

• Friedrich Schlie : The art and history monuments of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. III. Volume The district court districts of Hagenow, Wittenburg, Boizenburg, Lübenheen, Dömitz, Grabow, Ludwigslust, Neustadt, Crivitz, Brüel, Warin, Neubukow, Kröpelin and Doberan. Schwerin 1899. Reprint 1993 ISBN 3-910179-14-2
• Georg Christian Friedrich Lisch : The church and parish to Vellahn. In: Yearbooks of the Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology. Vol. 41, 1876, ISSN  0259-7772 , pp. 177-194, here p. 188.
• Agricultural soil maps: Containing the goods of the von derecken-Melkofer Fideikommiss: Melkof, Langenheide and Jesow. With three colored floor maps. Published by the Agricultural Research Station in Rostock. Stuttgart: Ulm 1910.
• Wolf Lüdeke von Weltzien: Families from Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania. Volume 3, Nagold 1992.
• Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Munich, Berlin 2000. ISBN 3-422-03081-6
• ZEBI eV, STAERT eV: Village and town churches in the Parchim parish. Bremen, Rostock 2001, ISBN 3-86108-795-2
• Hugo von Pentz: Album of Mecklenburg goods in the former knighthood of Wittenburg. Schwerin 2005.

Printed sources

• Mecklenburg record book
• Mecklenburg yearbooks

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Statistisches Amt MV - population status of the districts, offices and municipalities 2019 (XLS file) (official population figures in the update of the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2004
3. ↑ § 1 of the main statute (PDF; 51 kB) of the municipality
4. ^ Paul Kühnel: The Slavic place names in Meklenburg. MJB Vol. 46 (1881) ISSN  0259-7772 , pp. 3-168, here p. 39.
5. ^ Paul Kühnel: The Slavic place names in Meklenburg. MJB Vol. 46 (1881) ISSN  0259-7772 , pp. 3-168, here p. 39.
6. ^ Friedrich Schlie: The estate and branch church village Banzin. 1899 p. 93.
7. ↑ Katja Pawlak, Marcus Köhler: Orangeries and historical glass houses in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. 2009 p. 231.
8. ↑ MUB I. (1863) No. 65 online
9. ↑ Friedrich Schlie: The Filialdorf Bennin. 1899 pp. 136-137.
10. ^ Homeland GDR. Adventures. Considerations. Findings. Documents, including Siegfried Spantig: "Kulturland Deutsche Demokratische Republik", ed. Horst Jäkel, GNN-Verlag Schkeuditz 2015, pp. 221ff., ISBN 978-3-89819-416-7
11. ↑ MUB I. (1863) No. 154.
12. ↑ MUB I. (1863) No. 574.
13. ↑ MUB II. (1864) No. 800.
14. ^ Hugo von Pentz: Album of Mecklenburg goods in the former knighthood office in Wittenburg. 2005 p. 26.
15. ^ Friedrich Schlie: The church village of Camin. 1899 p. 95.
16. ^ Reinhard Kuhl: Glass paintings of the 19th century, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Leipzig 2001, p. 60.
17. ↑ Axel Attula: Networks of Mercy. Mecklenburg's deaconesses. Ribnitz-Damgarten 2013, pp. 6-9.
18. ↑ Wolf Lüdeke von Weltzien: On the property of the von Züle. 1992, p. 250.
19. ^ Hugo von Pentz: Album of Mecklenburg goods in the former knighthood office in Wittenburg. 2005 p. 77.
20. ↑ Friedrich Schlie: The estate and branch church village Marsow. 1899 p. 92.
21. ^ Elke Kuhnert: Marsow, district Ludwigslust, village church. In: KulturERBE ​​in Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania. Volume 1, year 2004/2005, Schwerin 2006, p. 121.
22. ↑ MUB I. (1863) No. 375.
23. ^ Von Meyenn: History of the von Pentz family. Pp. 145-147.
24. ^ History-of-the-family-von-Pentz-Volume-1-S.145 / 146
25. ↑ Jens Amelung: Melkhof, district Ludwigslust-Parchim, village church. In: KulturERBE ​​in Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania . Volume 8, year 2012, Schwerin 2014 p. 193.
26. ^ Hugo von Pentz: Album of Mecklenburg goods in the former knighthood office in Wittenburg. 2005 pp. 103-104.
27. ↑ Main Statute, Section 2, Paragraph 1