Tüschow mansion

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Herrenhaus Tüschow in 2017

The manor house Tüschow is a listed building in Tüschow , a district of the municipality Vellahn , in the district of Ludwigslust-Parchim in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania . The manor house is on the edge of the Schaalelauf nature reserve .

history

Coat of arms of the von Stern and von Scheiter families

Gut Tüschow was initially owned by the von Bieswang and von Züle families . At that time, Tüschow already had a sizable manor house and ancillary buildings. In 1624 the noble family von Scheiter from Lower Saxony acquired the property. One hundred years later, the estate came into the possession of Wilhelm Boye (1670–1746), who was married to Qwädel Scheiter (1672–1694) until 1694. Wilhelm Boye later married a daughter of the Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel major Rabe Ludwig von Scheiter, who was raised to the nobility in 1703. In a relatively short time the owners of the property changed, so the von Overbeck family, von Lützow family and again the von Scheiter family followed.

In 1779 Ferdinand III bought it in 1645 . The von Stern family of printers from Lüneburg, raised to the nobility, acquired the allodial property . In 1802, the printing company owner Ludolf von Stern (1730–1807) transferred the Tüschower estate to his son Johann Georg von Stern (1763–1835). Landowner von Stern, who was appointed Mecklenburg-Schwerin Drost in 1789 and Hofjägermeister in 1808, commissioned the construction of the Tüschow manor in 1830. Shortly after the completion of the new manor house, he died on September 14, 1835 in Lüneburg. Then Ludolph Dethloff Heinrich von Stern (1806-1858), who was accepted into the Mecklenburg nobility in 1839, inherited the paternal estate and managed it until his death in 1858. His son Georg Paul Friedrich Carl Ludolph von Stern ( 1833-1890). Like his father, he was a member of the Masonic Lodge Vesta at the three towers in Boizenburg and from 1860 until his death its master of the chair . His eldest son Heino von Stern (1864–1935) inherited the family estate in 1890. He was the last heir to the von Stern family on Tüschow.

In 1913 Heino von Stern sold the 901 hectare estate to Rittmeister Ewald Julius von Hennig (1868–1937). The new owner was the son of the West Prussian landowner and politician Heinrich von Hennig , whose family was raised to imperial nobility in 1806. Major a. D. von Hennig was later involved in the Kapp Putsch in Mecklenburg, which made Gut Tüschow a meeting place for like-minded people. The agricultural workers' strikes of the same year also led to sometimes violent conflicts on the estate. Landlord von Hennig was organized in the Mecklenburg Patriotic Association and from 1924 to 1926 a member of the German National People's Party in the state parliament of the Free State of Mecklenburg-Schwerin . The property remained in his possession until 1935.

In 1935 Heinrich Gustav Mangels, who came from Pröbsten , took over the 315 hectare remnants and manor house. The Mangels family expanded the farm yard to include a large field barn, which was supposed to be useful for expanding cattle breeding. In addition to a milker, three farm employees, four forest workers, an apprentice and a farmer worked on the farm in 1936.

The estate remained in the possession of the Mangels family until 1945. In autumn 1945 the Soviet occupation forces expropriated it . In the course of 1945 the building was used to accommodate displaced persons from the eastern German territories. In the decades that followed, the manor house served as a residence.

In 1998 a new owner and investor was found for the manor house. Thanks to existing documents from the construction phase 1830–35, the manor house was renovated from 1998 to 2002 in accordance with the preservation of historical monuments.

The listed mansion is now privately owned.

Successful ownership until 1945

  • Von Bieswang family (1500–1555)
  • Von Züle family (1555–1689)
  • Scheiter family (1624-1724)
    • Bernhard Scheiter and heirs
  • Boye family (1724–1756)
    • Wilhelm Boye and heirs
  • Families von Overbeck, von Lützow and von Scheiter (1775–1779)
  • Stern family (1779–1913)
    • Ludolf von Stern
    • Johann Georg von Stern
    • Ludolph Dethloff Heinrich von Stern
    • Georg Paul Friedrich Carl Ludolph von Stern
    • Heino von Stern
  • Ewald von Hennig (1913-1935)
  • Heinrich Gustav Mangels (1935–1945)

The mansion

Tüschow manor house in 1858
Tüschow mansion

Building description

Herrenhaus Tüschow has a floor space of 30 × 15 meters and was designed in the style of late classicism . The nine-axis and two-storey building with two short side projections was built on the foundation walls of the previous building made of yellow brick. The manor house was designed by the Schwerin architect Ludwig Bartning .

The outside staircase is flanked by lions resting on the side field stone plinths. The flanking stair plinths with their field stones form a nice contrast to the predominantly yellow brick used in the building. The entrance is accessible via the large outside staircase and after passing through the portico , which in turn is divided by pilasters .

In front of it is the high portico with its four Ionic columns on which the entablature and the sweeping roof of the gable triangle rests, which was decorated with the coat of arms of the respective owner. The portico is closed at the side by two high, colorful glass walls that are decorated with decorative glazing. There is also ornate colored glazing in the high entrance doors. The flanking rectangular windows on the ground floor are crowned by cornices and blind bezels, which are filled with gold-colored vegetable and geometric stucco work. Further decorative elements can also be found on the biforias of the side elevations. The fan-shaped windows on the basement are also remarkable.

On the body of the building there are also structured cornices and friezes , which were designed in various shapes and forms.

A flat hip roof covered with roof tiles forms the top towards the top. The apparent there dormers are a modern addition.

Also noteworthy is the terrace on the east side, which is framed by an ornate balustrade in white . From there, there is a wonderful view of the park.

Color design

The window frames, the pilasters and the imposing Ionic columns are painted in white and form an ornate contrast to the yellow brick. The lightening from the base to the main cornice was a typical feature of classicism.

Interior decoration

Stucco ornamentation and paintings form an ornate ensemble inside. Thanks to some original templates, it was possible to restore the interior to its original state. In the rooms, palmette friezes and other decorative elements decorate the ceiling cornices and the entablature resting on Ionic wall columns . The structure of the pilasters is also continued inside. Noteworthy is the fireplace, with its white marble made fireplace is that provided with a resting on fluted pilasters mantel. The fireplace is flanked by ornate flower columns, made of black marble, with Corinthian capitals set in gold. Also noteworthy is the baroque fireplace, in a round shape, which ends at the top with a crowned dome. The tiles of the stove were decorated with colored paintings. Here you can find stylized hunting motifs, forest motifs and bird motifs as well as surrounding ornamental images.

The representative rooms are equipped with crystal chandeliers . In the fireplace room, the fireplace is also flanked by wall chandeliers. This equipment continues throughout the house and underlines the appealing ambience of the interior.

Doors and door frames are white in color and have coffered surfaces. The richly decorated brass fittings of the doors complete the beautiful appearance.

Interior painting

For the interior decoration, an ocher color tone as well as a bright white was chosen.

The ceiling paintings commissioned during the renovation from 1998–2002 show depictions of angels making music and dancing, surrounded by clouds and a light blue sky. There are also depictions of angels scattering flowers from heaven.

Park and estate

Park (2017)

Generously laid out lawns and colorful plantings once formed the surroundings of the manor house. The park, which was laid out in the 19th century, was criss-crossed by walking paths and is flanked by the Schaale River not far from the south side of the building . The park was based on the style of the landscaping of an English country estate. Today's three hectares large park , with the eastern park lake is, of trees and ornamental trees surrounded. In the middle of the lake is the artificial island, accessible via a bridge, the center of which is a small garden pavilion .

The mansion and the surrounding property are demarcated by a high wrought iron fence. The driveway is closed with a gate, which was anchored in large pillars made of hewn field stones. The driveway that opens up behind it is flanked by white cast iron candelabra . Nothing can be seen of the circular lawn that once existed .

It should be noted that the property in the immediate vicinity of the existing since 1982 nature reserve at Schaaletal Schildenfeld is that for today the nature reserve Schaalelauf belongs.

Complementary

Stern burial chapel

Burial chapel

On the Kirchhof of Granzin the left patronage family of star a grave chapel built. The crypt to the southwest of St. Martin's Church is designed in the neo-Gothic style. Noteworthy are the figural stained glass in the ogival windows and the artistically executed family coat of arms above the entrance portal. The burial chapel, which is under monument protection, still houses the remains of some family members.

Stern family coat of arms

Until 1913, the colorful family coat of arms adorned the gable triangle of the mansion at the height of the eaves. Today the family coat of arms can be found in the gable triangle of the grave chapel in Granzin and in the Stern'schen grave chapel in the north aisle of St. John's Church in Lüneburg.

Blazon : In the blue field three black pyramids rising from the edge of the shield next to each other, of which the higher central one is decorated with a seven-pointed star, the other with a gold star; above it a silver moonlight. On the crowned helmet a cloud mixed with white and blue, out of which a right arm, clad in gold with a silver flap and holding a nine-pointed star, grows between an eagle flight divided by blue and black across the corner. Blue, gold and black helmet covers .

Star's rest

The naming of the place Sternsruh and its connection to the family von Stern is remarkable. The farm in the Granzin field, with its six leaseholds, was part of the Tüschow estate. On December 23, 1845, the place Sternsruh was founded here, as can be seen from an official announcement in January 1846. The place name is unmistakably derived from the family name of the owner of the Tüschow estate.

Literature and Sources

literature

  • Marcus Köhler (Ed.): Orangeries. Glass houses, greenhouses, winter gardens in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Aland-Verlag, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-936402-05-1 , p. 140.
  • Hugo von Pentz: Album of Mecklenburg goods in the former knighthood of Wittenburg. Thomas Helms Verlag Schwerin 2005, ISBN 3-935749-81-3 , p. 120 ff.
  • Regional planning association West Mecklenburg (Hrsg.): Mansions in West Mecklenburg: Tüschow. Schwerin 2008, p. 38 f.
  • Ministry for Economy, Labor and Tourism Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Hrsg.): Tüschow. Not just a dream, but the realization of your dreams. Schwerin 2009, p. 48.
  • Hans Maresch, Doris Maresch: Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania's palaces, castles & mansions. Husum Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft, Husum 2010, ISBN 978-3-89876-495-7 , p. 253.
  • Wolf Karge: Castles and mansions in Mecklenburg. Hinstorff Verlag, Rostock 2011, ISBN 978-3-356-01395-5 , p. 220.
  • Bernd Kasten: Herren und Knechte: Social and political change in Mecklenburg-Schwerin 1867-1945. Edition Temmen, Bremen 2011, ISBN 978-3-8378-4014-8 , p. 359 ff.

Printed sources

Unprinted sources

  • State Main Archive Schwerin
    • Holdings: (05.12.03 / 01) 5511/2, Mecklenburg-Schwerin Ministry of the Interior, rural community Tüschow, duration: 1921–1938.
    • Inventory: (05.12.04 / 03) 833, 834, 836, Ministry of Agriculture, Domains and Forests, Settlement Office Department, duration: 1920–1934, 1934–1943, 1947–1950, 1933–1939.
    • Inventory: (5.12-9 / 2) 8521, 8522, District Office Hagenow, settlement matter, running time: 1935.
    • Inventory: (5.12-4 / 2) 4126, Ministry of Agriculture, Domains and Forests, suspension of communion between the Domanium and the Gute Tüschow on the village of Granzin, duration: 1818.
    • Holdings: (3.1-1) Article Varia 77, Mecklenburg Land estates with the narrow committee of the knight and landscape of Rostock, certificate requested by the Hofjägermeister von Stern auf Tüschow about his residence in the local country.
    • Inventory: (3.1-1) Article XXII 448, Mecklenburg Land estates with the narrow committee of the knight and landscape of Rostock, request of Mr. von Stern because of allodification of the zr. his Allodialgut Tüschow leasable share in Gramzin.

Web links

Commons : Herrenhaus Tüschow  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ NSG Schaalelauf | Foundation for the Environment and Nature Conservation MV. Retrieved September 8, 2016 .
  2. ↑ Pen and ink drawing (around 1587) by the Lüneburg painter and cartographer Daniel Frese . see. Felix Lüdemann: Castles, manor houses and domain tenant houses in the Ludwigslust region and the Neuhaus office: Contributions to the monument topography of Mecklenburg and Pomerania. Part 2. Inaugural dissertation, Hamburg 2013, p. 745 (Figure No. 2).
  3. ^ Announcement about the sale and pledging of the Tüschow estate, owner of the governor of Zarrentin von Boye. In: Mecklenburgische Nachrichten. Volume 6, issue October 2, 1756, p. 367.
  4. ↑ The family was not raised to the nobility until 1749. see. Gustav von Lehsten: The nobility of Mecklenburg since the constitutional hereditary comparisons (1755). Printed and published by JG Tiedemann, Rostock 1864, p. 34.
  5. ^ Stiftung Deutsches Adelsarchiv (Hrsg.): Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels. Volume XIV. CA Strong. Limburg 2003, p. 99.
  6. ^ Ernst Heinrich Kneschke: The German Adelslexikon. Volume 9. Friedrich Voigts Buchhandlung, Leipzig 1870, p. 18.
  7. ^ Karl August Böttiger: New Nekrolog der Deutschen. Volume 2. Verlag Bernhard Friedrich Voigt, Weimar 1837, p. 760.
  8. ↑ Promotions and ducal circular regulations. In: Monthly by and for Mecklenburg. 7th piece, Julius 1789, p. 717.
  9. ^ Calendar for the Provincial Lodge of Mecklenburg and the lodges belonging to their district. Hinstorffsche Hofbuchhandlung, Ludwigslust / Parchim 1841, p. 136 ff.
  10. ↑ Uwe Wieben: People in Boizenburg: Their work in politics and culture, in handicrafts, in the shipyard and in the record factory in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Akademische Verlagsanstalt Leipzig, Leipzig 2013, ISBN 978-3-931982-80-5 , p. 53.
  11. ↑ Otto Titan von Heffner: Large general book of arms, The nobility of the Kingdom of Saxony. Volume II. Verlag von Bauer and Raspe, Nuremberg 1857, p. 32.
  12. ^ A b Martin Polzin: Kapp-Putsch in Mecklenburg, publications of the Schwerin State Archives. Volume 5. Hinstorff Verlag, Rostock 1966, p. 180.
  13. ^ Simone Constantin: Social Relations in the Estate Villages of Mecklenburg c.1880-1924. Routledge, London 2016, ISBN 978-1-351-89932-1 , p. 26 (digitized version )
  14. ↑ In 1935 the Tüschow estate comprised 90 hectares of arable land and 225 hectares of forest area.
  15. ^ Mario Niemann: Mecklenburg large estates in the Third Reich: social structure, economic position and political significance (= Central German research. Volume 116). Böhlau, Köln / Weimar 2000, ISBN 3-412-04400-8 , p. 35.
  16. ↑ The Mangels family was relocated from Pröbsten in 1935 because the Wehrmacht set up a military training area in this area. The family received compensation.
  17. ↑ Wedemark Chronicle. Mohlfeld farm. P. 11.
  18. ^ Hans Maresch and Doris Maresch: Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania's palaces, castles & mansions. Husum Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft, ISBN 978-3-89876-495-7 , p. 253.
  19. ^ Felix Lüdemann: Palaces, manor houses and domain tenant houses in the Ludwigslust region and the Neuhaus office: Contributions to the monument topography of Mecklenburg and Pomerania. Part 1. Inaugural dissertation, Hamburg 2013, p. 123.
  20. ^ Ernst Heinrich Kneschke: The German Adelslexikon. Volume 9. Friedrich Voigts Buchhandlung, Leipzig 1870, p. 18.
  21. ↑ Lebrecht Jeschke: The nature reserves in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Demmler Verlag, Schwerin 2003, ISBN 3-910150-52-7 .
  22. ↑ Monuments in Granzin near Boizenburg. (PDF; 1.8 MB) In: List of monuments of the Ludwigslust-Parchim district. October 2016, p. 44 , accessed on October 16, 2017 .
  23. ↑ The burial chapel was restored in 2001/2002 on behalf of Henning and Thomas von Stern. The project was funded by the German Foundation for Monument Protection .
  24. ^ Gustav von Lehsten: The nobility of Mecklenburg since the land constitutional hereditary comparisons (1755). Printed and published by JG Tiedemann, Rostock 1864, p. 261 f.
  25. ↑ Decree of the Grand Duke Friedrich Franz II, place name Sternsruh. In: Grand Ducal Mecklenburg-Schwerinsches official weekly paper. No. 1, Schwerin 1846, p. 7.

Coordinates: 53 ° 27 '22  .7 " N , 10 ° 54' 23.7"  E