1945

The title of this article is ambiguous. Further meanings are listed under 1945 (disambiguation) .

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1945
Berlin , destroyed vaudeville conservatory
That of an atomic bomb destroyed Hiroshima , with a signature of Paul Tibbets , pilot of the Enola Gay

1945 in other calendars
From urbe condita	2698
Armenian calendar	1393-1394
Ethiopian calendar	1937-1938
Badi calendar	101-102
Bengali calendar	1351-1352
Berber calendar	2895
Buddhist calendar	2489
Burmese calendar	1307
Byzantine calendar	7453-7454
Chinese calendar
- era	4641-4642 or 4581-4582
- 60 year cycle	Wood monkey (甲申, 21) - wood rooster (乙酉, 22)
French revolutionary calendar	CLIII - CLIV 153-154
Hebrew calendar	5705-5706
Hindu calendar
- Vikram Sambat	2001-2002
- Shaka Samvat	1867-1868
Iranian calendar	1323-1324
Islamic calendar	1364-1365
Japanese calendar
- Nengō (era):	Shōwa 20
- Kōki	2605
Coptic calendar	1661-1662
Korean calendar
- Dangun era	4278
- Juche era	34
Minguo calendar	34
Modern Olympics	XIII
Seleucid calendar	2256-2257
Thai solar calendar	2488

The year 1945 marks the end of the Second World War and thus the beginning of the post-war period.

In Europe, the Wehrmacht on the Eastern Front is being pushed back by the Red Army on the Oder in its winter offensive , while the Ardennes Offensive is a final advance against the Allies on the Western Front and the German cities are destroyed in the bombing war .

In February Roosevelt , Churchill and Stalin discuss the post-war order at the Yalta Conference . On the western front, the Allies succeeded in crossing the Rhine at the end of March as the last barrier before the occupation of Germany. At the end of April, the Red Army marched into Berlin . Adolf Hitler commits suicide in the Führerbunker on April 30 , the unconditional surrender of the Wehrmacht comes into effect on May 8 at 11:01 p.m. CET.

Germany and Austria are divided into zones of occupation , on June 5 the Allies formally take over government in Germany in the Berlin Declaration . The Nuremberg trial of the major war criminals begins on November 20 .

In Asia, during the Pacific War, the Japanese were pushed back by the US forces island by island to the main Japanese islands, but still hold large areas in China (see Second Sino-Japanese War ). After the atomic bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki on August 6th and 9th and the Soviet Union entered the war against Japan (August 8th), the emperor's first public address to the population led to the surrender (August 15th). The surrender ceremony on the deck of the American battleship USS Missouri on September 2nd ends the Second World War.

The signing of the Charter of the United Nations on June 26th and the Potsdam Agreement of August 2nd formed the framework for the political world order of the coming decades, shaped by the Cold War .

Events

Politics and world events

Second World War

See also : "1945" in the article Chronology of the Second World War  and End-Phase Crimes

Political and diplomatic developments

• January 16 : Adolf Hitler withdraws permanently to the Führerbunker under the Reich Chancellery.
• January 20 : The Hungarian government under the incumbent Prime Minister Béla Miklós offers the Allies surrender and declares its willingness to fight against the Germans who are occupying the west of the country.
• January 20 : Franklin D. Roosevelt is sworn in for a fourth term as US President .
• January 30th to February 2nd : The Malta Conference takes place.
• February 3 : The Soviet Union agrees to declare war on Japan after the German defeat.

Yalta Conference

• 4. bis 11. February : On the Yalta Conference place Winston Churchill , Franklin D. Roosevelt and Josef Stalin laid the broad post-war order in Europe.
• February 10 : Prince Ernst Heinrich of Saxony buries the Saxon treasure near Moritzburg Castle with two sons and a forester before he fled to Sigmaringen.
• February 12 : conclusion of the Varkiza Agreement , which provides for the disarmament and demobilization of the Greek People's Liberation Army ELAS .
• February 15 : An ordinance issued by the German Reich Minister of Justice Otto Georg Thierack leads to the formation of court courts in “enemy-threatened Reich defense districts” that are allowed to sentence civil and military personnel.
• February 24 : The Kingdom of Egypt under Faruq declares war on Germany and Japan .
• March 3 : Finland declares war on the Axis powers .
• March 8 : Josip Broz Tito forms a Yugoslav government.
• March 19 : Nero order : Hitler orders the destruction of all traffic, communications and industrial facilities that could fall into the hands of the Allies.

Harry S. Truman

• April 12 : Following the death of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Harry S. Truman is sworn in as the 33rd President of the United States.
• April 25 : Elbe Day , in Torgau , Soviet and American soldiers celebrate the first meeting of their combat units on German soil.
• April 27 : The provisional Renner government proclaims the Austrian declaration of independence .
• April 30th : The Red Army hoists the Soviet flag on the Reichstag building . Adolf Hitler , the dictator of the Third Reich, commits with Eva Braun suicide .
• May 2 : On April 29th, on behalf of Colonel General Heinrich von Vietinghoff and the Supreme SS and Police Leader in Italy, SS-Obergruppenführer and General of the Waffen-SS Karl Wolff from two representatives (Lieutenant Colonel Hans Lothar von Schweinitz and SS-Sturmbannführer Eugen Wenner ) in Caserta before the British Field Marshal Harold Alexander signed partial surrender of the German armed forces in Italy comes into force.
• May 2 : General Helmuth Weidling signs the capitulation of Berlin .
• May 2 : After the death of Adolf Hitler, Karl Dönitz acts as the German Reich President in Schleswig-Holstein and takes over powers as chairman of the Dönitz government . He commissioned Johann Ludwig Graf Schwerin von Krosigk to form an executive government .
• May 3 : The Schwerin von Krosigk cabinet begins work in Flensburg - Mürwik as the executive government of the German Reich until its members are arrested by Allied soldiers on May 23.

Signing of the declaration of surrender in a tent on the Timeloberg

• May 4 (6:30 p.m.): On the Timeloberg on the outskirts of Wendisch Evern , the partial surrender of the Wehrmacht for Northwest Germany, Denmark and the Netherlands is signed: This means the de facto end of all fighting in the vast majority of the territory that was at that time is still held by German troops. General Admiral Hans-Georg von Friedeburg surrenders to Field Marshal Montgomery with the consent of the Dönitz government . The request of the high command of the Wehrmacht to surrender only to the Western Allies and to continue fighting in the east is rejected by SHAEF commander Dwight D. Eisenhower .
• May 4 : Karl Scharnagl is appointed Lord Mayor of Munich by the American occupation forces. On the same day, Konrad Adenauer was appointed Lord Mayor of Cologne .
• May 5th : With the capitulation of Timeloberg coming into force, the occupation of Denmark by the Wehrmacht of the German Empire ends . It is Liberation Day in the Netherlands : Canadian General Charles Foulkes and German Commander-in-Chief Johannes Blaskowitz negotiate in the presence of Prince Bernhard as commander of the domestic armed forces in the ruins of the largely bombed Hotel de Wereld in Wageningen with regard to the surrender of the German troops in the Netherlands.
• May 6 : The Hanover local association of the Social Democratic Party of Germany , initiated by Kurt Schumacher , is brought into being and is the first nucleus for the reconstruction of the SPD.

Colonel-General Alfred Jodl signs the unconditional surrender of the Wehrmacht on May 7, 1945 in Reims

• May 7 : At 2:41 a.m., Colonel General Alfred Jodl signs the total surrender of all units of the Wehrmacht of the German Reich in Reims . A document is then signed that provides for the ratification of this surrender by the High Command of the Wehrmacht (OKW) and the Commander-in-Chief of the Army , Air Force and Navy .
• May 8th : End of the occupation of Norway by German Wehrmacht troops
• May 8 : In a medical institute in Berlin-Buch , the burned corpses of Adolf Hitler and Eva Braun after their suicide on April 30 at the instigation of the Soviet military leadership and the like. a. identified by Hugo Blaschke , Hitler's personal dentist, on the basis of the dentures preserved .
• 8 / May 9 : The unconditional surrender of the armed forces and all armed services carried out by Field Marshal Wilhelm Keitel for the High Command and the Army, General Admiral Hans-Georg von Friedeburg for the Navy, and Colonel General Hans-Juergen Stumpff for the Air Force.
• May 9 : At 12:01 a.m., the total surrender of the German Wehrmacht comes into force and is ratified by Field Marshal Wilhelm Keitel in Berlin-Karlshorst on behalf of Dönitz . The Reichsender Flensburg broadcasts the last report of the High Command of the Wehrmacht (OKW).

German-Soviet War / Balkans

→ Main articles : German-Soviet war  and war crimes of the Red Army in World War II

Course of operations from January 12 to March 30, 1945

• January 12th : The Red Army begins the Vistula-Oder operation as a major offensive from the Vistula bridgeheads. Just two weeks later, it was standing in front of Breslau and Frankfurt (Oder) , thus ending the German occupation of Poland .
• January 13th : The battle for East Prussia , the bloodiest and longest battle of the year, begins.
• January 17th : The Red Army enters Warsaw .
• January 17 : Soviet Deputy Defense Minister Nikolai Bulganin orders the arrest of Swedish diplomat Raoul Wallenberg , who saved thousands of Hungarian Jews from deportation.
• January 18 : The Budapest ghetto is liberated by the Red Army.
• January 19 : The Red Army conquers the Polish city of Łódź and liberates the Litzmannstadt ghetto , in which only around 1000 of the original 160,000 inhabitants live.
• January 20 : The Red Army succeeds in conquering Tilsit .
• January 25th : With an advance of the Red Army to the Baltic Sea, most of East Prussia is cut off from the German Empire. The next day the battle of Heiligenbeil begins .

Liberated prisoners, Auschwitz-Birkenau, 1945

Photo of the gatehouse of the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp , photo taken shortly after the liberation in 1945. Photo taken by Stanisław Mucha

• January 27 : The Auschwitz concentration camp , in which up to 1.5 million people were murdered by SS members , is liberated by the Red Army . The camp complex had a double function as a concentration camp and an extermination camp and consisted of the Auschwitz I concentration camp (main camp) , the Birkenau extermination camp - Auschwitz II concentration camp , the Monowitz concentration camp and about 50 other satellite camps .
• January 31 : Königsberg is surrounded by the Red Army.
• February 10th : The Heilsberg operation begins.

Soviet soldiers in Budapest 1945

• February 13 : Battle for Hungary : The Battle of Budapest ends in World War II with the surrender of the remaining German units after an attempt to break out of the city ​​surrounded by the Red Army had failed a few hours earlier .

Poznan 1945

• February 23 : The battle for Poznan , which lasted almost a month, ends with the surrender of the last German defenders in the city's citadel.
• March 6th : The Germans undertake one of the last tactical advances of the war with the Lake Balaton offensive; it fails after just a few days. The last fighting on Hungarian territory will take place on April 4th .
• March 18th : Kolberg is captured by the Red Army. The place name has become a catchphrase for the perseverance required by the propaganda film of the same name .
• March 29th : The Red Army invades formerly Austrian territory for the first time near Klostermarienberg .
• March 29 : The Battle of Heiligenbeil ends in East Prussia . Around 50,000 German soldiers are taken prisoner by the Soviets.
• March 30th : The Red Army and Polish military units capture Danzig . Küstrin also surrenders to the Soviet troops.
• April 5 : German troops evacuate Sarajevo and withdraw to Austria.
• April 6th : The Red Army starts attacking the enclosed Königsberg . The battle for Vienna begins on the same day .
• April 9 : The battle for Königsberg comes to an end with the surrender of the German garrison commanded by Otto Lasch to Soviet troops; the German population is expelled.
• April 12 : In the course of the Vienna operation , the conquest of Vienna by the Red Army, St. Stephen's Cathedral burns down after fires started by looters spread to the building.

Soviet troops in downtown Vienna

• April 13th : Soviet troops conquer Vienna . In the Vienna Woods , the battle for Alland , which has been raging since April 4, continues between the remains of Army Group South and the 3rd Ukrainian Front .

Soviet artillery off Berlin (April 1945)

• April 16 : The battle for Berlin begins with the attack on the Seelow Heights .
• April 25th : The battle for East Prussia comes to an end with the remaining remains of the German Wehrmacht units in Samland by the Red Army .
• April 25th : The last technician leaves the passing point of the German shortwave transmitter in Königs Wusterhausen for fear of the approaching Red Army .
• April 26 : Last major German tank attack of the Second World War : In the Battle of Bautzen is Bautzen recaptured.
• April 26th : The Red Army conquers the city of Szczecin .
• April 30th : The Red Army hoists the Soviet flag on the Reichstag building .
• May 5 : Beginning of the Prague uprising against the German occupation forces
• May 6th : The city of Wroclaw surrenders to the Red Army after the Battle of Wroclaw .
• May 9 : The Stutthof concentration camp in Poland is the last of the concentration camps of the German Reich to be liberated.
• May 12th : Final surrender of the remaining German formations in embattled Prague , which thus represents the last major theater of war in Europe during World War II.
• May 15 : The last Wehrmacht units fight against Yugoslav troops near Poljana in Slovenia.
• June 12th : Yugoslav troops evacuate the city ​​of Trieste , which they have occupied since May 1st, under international pressure .

The war in the west / Italy

→ Main articles : German Western Front 1944/1945  and Allied war crimes in World War II

• January 1 : The Chenogne massacre is an Allied war crime in World War II in which several dozen Wehrmacht prisoners of war are shot by US Army soldiers near the village of Chenogne in Belgium.
• January 14th : British forces begin Operation Blackcock . Within 12 days they conquer the 'Rur triangle' between the cities of Roermond, Sittard and Heinsberg .
• January 19 : In retaliation for the death of the German officer Fritz von Brodowski in French captivity in the previous year, the French prisoner of war and Major General Gustave Mesny is shot by members of the SS.
• January 24 : In Aachen appears with the Aachener Nachrichten , the first German post-war newspaper to which the Nazis have no influence.
• February 23 : Operation Grenade begins: American troops cross the raging Rur and form bridgeheads in Düren, Jülich and Linnich.
• March 7 : US troops under the command of Karl H. Timmermann take the Ludendorff Bridge in Remagen , making it possible to cross the Rhine for the first time .
• March 23rd : American troops cross the Rhine near Oppenheim and attack Darmstadt , which is surrounded and capitulated.
• March 24th : The Allies start the largest airborne operation in history to cross the Rhine between Emmerich and Wesel with Operation Varsity .
• March 29 : US troops occupy the city of Mannheim .
• April 1st : The Ruhr basin is closed by Allied troops.
• April 5 : Würzburg is captured by American troops .

Play media file

Recordings of the Special Film Project 186 shortly after the liberation of the Buchenwald concentration camp

• April 11th : While the US Army reached Buchenwald concentration camp , members of the resistance in the camp succeeded in disarming and capturing the SS guards who were still present.
• April 12 : At 02:59 am, Braunschweig is handed over to the US Army without a fight .

Liberated prisoners carry the dead out of the barracks, Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, April 17, 1945

• April 15 : British troops free the approximately 60,000 prisoners of the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp who are still alive .
• April 16 : American troops under the command of John W. O'Daniel reach Nuremberg . The battle for Nuremberg begins. It ends on April 20th with the capture of the city by the Allies.
• April 21 : The last German units capitulate in the Ruhr basin
• April 22nd : French troops enter Stuttgart

The corpses field at Lorenzkirch, Torgau, April 25, 1945

• April 23 : Heavy fighting on the Verden-Aller / Stade-Elbe line
• April 25 : British invade southern and southeastern parts of Bremen .
• April 26th : British troops take the city of Bremen .
• April 27th : In Bremen only the northeast of the city is held by the Wehrmacht.
• April 27 : Rupprecht Gerngroß founds the Bavarian Freedom Campaign . Their uprising and the attempt to surrender Munich without a fight were bloodily suppressed the next day by Gauleiter Paul Giesler with the help of the SS.
• April 28 : The Augsburg freedom movement succeeds in handing Augsburg over to the US troops without a fight.
• April 28 : The Dachau uprising in Dachau is led by the former prisoners of the Dachau concentration camp Georg Scherer and Walter Neff .
• April 29th : The liberation of the Dachau concentration camp and its satellite camps by American troops leads to the Dachau massacre after the death train from Buchenwald is found .
• April 29 : Liberation of the SS hostages in South Tyrol
• May 1 : The Americans move into Munich
• May 3 : British conquer Hamburg .
• May 4th : The 2nd French Panzer Division under Major General Leclerc reaches Hitler's Berghof on the Obersalzberg in Berchtesgaden .

Mauthausen concentration camp after liberation

• May 5 : The Mauthausen concentration camp with the Gusen subsidiary camp is liberated by US troops.
• May 5 : In the Battle of Itter Castle , soldiers of the United States Army and the Wehrmacht fight together against units of the 17th SS Panzer Grenadier Division "Götz von Berlichingen" and free prominent French prisoners of war interned at Itter Castle. The German officer and resistance fighter Josef Gangl is killed in the battle.

Final phase crime on large German soil

→ Main article : Final phase crimes  and war crimes of the German Reich in World War II

• January 19 : The Fürstengrube concentration camp death march begins. The last remaining survivors will be shipped to the Cap Arcona in Lübeck at the beginning of May .
• February 2 : The breakout of 419 Soviet prisoners of war from Mauthausen concentration camp leads to the “ Mühlviertel hare hunt ”. Only 11 officers survived the human hunt, in which the SS and the civilian population took part.
• 24 / March 25 : At the Rechnitz massacre will probably be around 200 Hungarian Jewish forced laborers near the castle Rechnitz at Rechnitz in Burgenland murdered.
• Probably March 21 : During the Nazi murders in Burgholz , 30 people are killed by members of the Gestapo and the Wuppertal criminal police in the Wuppertal state forest in Burgholz .
• March 29th : In the massacre of German riflemen in southern Burgenland, around 60 Hungarian Jews who were used as forced laborers are murdered in one of the numerous final phase crimes .
• April 6 : Near Krems on the Danube , 60 released political prisoners are murdered by members of the Waffen SS during the massacre in the Stein prison. Another 500 to 600 people are murdered in the subsequent "Krems rabbit hunt".
• April 7th : The evacuation train from Buchenwald initially leaves the Buchenwald concentration camp for the Flossenbürg concentration camp . Several thousand prisoners died during the journey, which ended on the night of April 28 in the Dachau concentration camp .
• April 8th : Celle massacre
• April 13th : Over a thousand survivors of death marches from concentration camps are murdered in a barn near Gardelegen .
• April 20 : To eliminate witnesses, the Jewish children on whom Kurt Heissmeyer carried out human experiments in the Neuengamme concentration camp , including Jacqueline Morgenstern and Eduard Reichenbaum , are murdered together with their carers in the basement of the Hamburg school on Bullenhuser Damm .
• April 28 : Shortly before the end of the war, Nazi henchmen murdered 16 civilians around the former mayor Hans Rummer on the night of murder in Penzberg , who prevented the destruction of the city and a massacre of prisoners of war.

Bomb war in Europe

→ Main articles : Air war in World War II  and list of Allied air raids on the German Reich (1939–1945)

• January 2nd : Nuremberg is largely destroyed in an Allied air raid and the historically valuable old town is completely destroyed.
• January 13 : A heavy air strike by the British Royal Air Force with 274 aircraft is aimed against Saarbrücken .
• January 16 : Large parts of Magdeburg are destroyed by an air raid ; 2,680 people die and tens of thousands become homeless. The old town is 90% destroyed.

The destroyed town center of Engelskirchen

• February 2 : With an attack on Ehreshoven begin until March 28 continuous air raids on Engelskirchen where are more than 300 people dead. Parts of Loope are also affected by the bombing.
• February 3 : Berlin is the target of an Allied air strike. Roland Freisler is also among the 3,000 fatalities .
• 13. bis 15. February : The Allies take a heavy air raid on Dresden , which calls for an estimated 25,000 to 35,000 deaths. Dresden city center is completely destroyed.
• February 15 : An American attack destroys large parts of the city of Cottbus. The station area and the districts of Sandow, Madlow and Branitzer Siedlung are particularly affected.
• February 23 : Pforzheim's city ​​center is almost completely destroyed by a British air raid with 379 bombers - around 20,300 dead within 22 minutes; Pforzheim thus loses almost a third of its population and is therefore the city with the highest percentage of casualties in the aerial warfare.
• February 23 : The center of Ellingen is attacked by two squadrons of the US Air Force, with parts of the palace garden being completely destroyed, the town hall , the Weißenburger Tor and the parish church being considerably damaged. The real target of the attackers should have been Bamberg .
• February 27 : An air strike on Mainz kills 1,209.
• March 3 : Allied planes accidentally drop bombs on Basel and Zurich .
• March 3 : Allied planes accidentally drop bombs on a residential area of The Hague during World War II . Around 500 people are killed in the air strike .
• March 12th : Serious air raid on Vienna : the State Opera burns out, St. Stephen's Cathedral , the Natural History Museum , Burgtheater , Hofburg and Volkstheater are also severely damaged . The Gestapo headquarters on Morzinplatz and the Philipphof near the Albertina are destroyed. A total of 1547 people died in the 17 air raids on Vienna in March 1945.
• March 14 : The city of Two Bridges is in World War II by a bomber squadron of the Royal Air Force destroyed 98%. During an air raid on the Schildesche railway viaduct near Bielefeld, the British used the heaviest conventional bomb Grand Slam for the first time .
• March 16 : 75% of Würzburg is destroyed by an air raid. The attack kills around 5,000.
• March 18 : Berlin : 1,250 American bombers launched an attack.
• March 19 : The Hessian city of Hanau is largely destroyed by an Allied air raid ; around 2000 people are killed, 382 dead cannot be identified.

Aerial view of Hildesheim after the destruction on March 22, 1945.

• March 22nd : The historic half-timbered old town in Hildesheim is almost completely destroyed in an Allied bombing raid , including the famous bone carving office and the cathedral .
• 3. / April 4 : Two British air raids destroy the city Nordhausen to 74%, with more than 8,800 people are killed and another 20,000 are homeless.
• April 7th : In an Allied air raid on Northeim , the important and representative train station is completely destroyed. The rest of the city is largely spared.
• April 11 : The last of the air raids on Bayreuth destroys large parts of the city center.

The destroyed city center of Potsdam

• April 14th : Large parts of the historic old town are destroyed in the air raid on Potsdam by the Royal Air Force .
• April 18 : 63 people are killed in the air raid on Cham .
• April 20 : The railway line of the Lübberstedt air ammunition plant is destroyed in several places by a British air raid.
• April 25 : The train stations in Freilassing and Bad Reichenhall as well as Obersalzberg near Berchtesgaden are bombed in a coordinated action . Over 200 people die in the air raid on Bad Reichenhall .
• May 1st : Particularly strong low-flying activity in all of Northern Germany
• May 3 : British air raids drown the Cap Arcona , the Thielbek , the Deutschland and other ships in the Bay of Lübeck. A total of around 7,000 people, mostly concentration camp prisoners, were killed in the bombing . The Athen and the Elmenhorst survived the bombardment relatively unscathed.

Submarine war in the Atlantic

→ Main articles : Atlantic battle  and submarine warfare # Fifth phase: June 1943 to May 1945

• From January to May, 153 submarines were sunk in the Atlantic.
• January 30th : The steamer Wilhelm Gustloff is sunk by a Soviet submarine . Of around 10,000 people (refugees from East Prussia) on board, only around 1,200 survive; it is the greatest shipping disaster in world history.
• February 9 : The German passenger ship Steuben with over 4,000 refugees on board is torpedoed by the Soviet submarine S-13 off the Pomeranian Baltic coast and sinks. The attack kills around 3,500.
• April 16 : The refugee ship Goya is sunk in the Baltic Sea .
• May 1st : The last German submarine of the Second World War is put into service.

Southeast Asia and Pacific War

→ Main articles : Pacific War  and war crimes committed by the Japanese armed forces in World War II

• January 6 : Curtis LeMay replaces Haywood S. Hansell as head of XXIth Bomber Command because Henry H. Arnold , Commander in Chief of the United States Army Air Corps (USAAC), is dissatisfied with the precision bombing of Tokyo .
• January 9th : The battle for Luzon begins. US troops land on the coast of the Gulf of Lingayen in northern Luzon .
• January 28 : As a result of the British advance into Burma , the Burma Road to supply China with Allied supplies be reopened.
• February 3 : Kobe is bombed with napalm by USAAC .
• February 10th : The Japanese operation Kita begins. It will be successfully completed on February 20th .

Burned down Tokyo district after the March 10, 1945 air raid

• February 10 to May 29 : In phase two of the air strikes on Tokyo , the US Army Air Corps tactics shift from precision bombing of industrial targets to area bombing with incendiary bombs on the city's residential areas.
• February 16 : The Americans land on Corregidor Island , which controls the entrance to Manila Bay. The conquest of the island will be completed on February 26th .
• February 19 : With the landing of US troops, the Battle of Iwojima begins , one of the bloodiest of the Pacific War .

The photo of the hoisting of the first flag was hardly known.

• February 23 : Marines hoist the US flag on the summit of Suribachi during the Battle of Iwojima . The photo Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima by Joe Rosenthal , which was recreated hours later , became an award-winning symbolic image.
• March 3 : In the Battle of Manila , the US and Filipino armed forces end their last fighting with Japanese troops, culminating in the Allies taking the heavily destroyed city.
• March 9 : The US undertakes a night raid on Tokyo ; the bombing kills over 100,000, making it the heaviest air raid in history.
• March 19 : A US air strike destroys Nagoya .
• March 26th : The Battle of Iwojima ends with the American conquest of the island.
• April 1 : The Battle of Okinawa begins . The fighting lasts until the end of June.

Pacific War after the end of the war in Europe

Burning Tokyo on May 26, 1945

• May 23 : The heaviest of the air strikes on Tokyo dropped 583 tons of AN-M47, 796 tons of AN-M50, 1,276 tons of AN-M69, 298 tons of AN-M76 incendiary bombs and 3.6 tons of AN-M41 fragmentation bombs . The badly decimated fire brigade can do nothing to counteract the wildfires that have gotten out of control and so a further 44 km² of urban area burn down. In no other air raid in history, a large area of ​​the city is destroyed.
• June 10 : Phase three of the air raids on Tokyo begins. Precision attacks on industrial targets will resume until August 15th .
• June 21 : The Americans victoriously end the Battle of Okinawa against the Japanese.
• July 5 : The US declares the liberation of the Philippines complete; in fact, individual pockets of Japanese resistance hold up until the final surrender.
• July 21 : Allied troops complete the conquest of Borneo .
• July 26th : Potsdam declaration : Japan is asked to surrender unconditionally, otherwise there is a threat of "immediate and complete annihilation".
• July 28 : Japanese Prime Minister Suzuki Kantarō stated in a press conference that his government found “no significant news” in the Potsdam declaration.

The mushroom cloud over Hiroshima

• August 6 : The American bomber Enola Gay with pilot Paul Tibbets drops Little Boy , the first atomic bomb ever used in a war , over the Japanese city of Hiroshima . Eleven square kilometers of the big city are completely destroyed, 20,000 to 90,000 people are instantly dead.
• August 8 : The Soviet Union declares war on Japan and immediately begins Operation August Storm , the invasion of Manchukuo , Japanese-occupied Manchuria .

Fat Man explosion over Nagasaki

• August 9 : Due to heavy cloud cover, the second atomic bomb of World War II , Fat Man , is not dropped over the original target Kokura , but over the Mitsubishi arms factory near Nagasaki . 70,000 people died instantly. The survivors of the atomic bombings on Hiroshima and Nagasaki are known as Hibakusha in Japan .

Japanese prisoners of war at Tenno's surrender speech

• August 15 : VJ-Day : The Shōwa-tennō Hirohito announces on the radio ( Gyokuon-hōsō ) Japan's unconditional surrender in the Second World War . Immediately after the surrender, the Japanese provinces of Formosa (Taiwan) and Chōsen (Korea) become independent from Japan.
• August 15 : The battle for Luzon ends with a truce.
• August 17th : The (last) German submarine U 977 arrives in Argentina after fleeing Germany
• September 2 : The Japanese surrender is signed aboard the USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay . Also Tomoyuki Yamashita , commander of the Japanese forces on Luzon , surrendered that day.
• September 8 : US troops occupy south Korea after Soviet troops have already occupied the north; the 38th parallel serves as the demarcation line between the occupation zones.
• September 9 : After Japan's formal surrender on September 2, the Japanese China Army formally surrenders to Chiang Kai-shek . This ended the Sino-Japanese War .
• September 12 : The last Japanese units in Singapore surrender.
• December 15 : General Douglas MacArthur , as Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers, bans State Shinto under the aspect of the separation of church and state in a directive addressed to the Japanese government .

United Nations

The original version of the Charter (PDF; click for the entire version)

• June 26 : The United Nations Charter is signed by representatives of the 50 founding members in San Francisco . This establishes the United Nations as the successor organization to the League of Nations . Due to the fact that the formation of a government in Poland has not yet been completed, a margin is left for this country in the document. The associated signature will be given on October 15th . Poland becomes the 51st founding member.

FAO logo

• October 16 : The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) is founded in Québec .
• October 24 : The United Nations Charter comes into force.
• October 24 : Argentina , USA , Great Britain , Turkey , Ukraine , Syria , Saudi Arabia , New Zealand , Nicaragua , Paraguay , Philippines , Poland , Soviet Union , Cuba , Lebanon , Luxembourg , Iran , Dominican Republic , El Salvador , France , Haiti , Brazil , Chile , China , Denmark , Belarus , Egypt become members of the United Nations
• October 25 : Greece becomes a member of the United Nations
• October 30th : India joins the United Nations
• October 31 : Peru becomes a member of the United Nations
• November 1st : Australia becomes a member of the United Nations
• November 2nd : Liberia and Costa Rica join the United Nations
• November 5th : Colombia becomes a member of the United Nations
• November 7th : South Africa and Mexico join the United Nations
• November 9 : Canada joins the United Nations
• November 13th : Panama and Ethiopia join the United Nations
• November 14 : Bolivia becomes a member of the United Nations
• November 15 : Venezuela becomes a member of the United Nations
• November 15 : Harry S. Truman , Clement Attlee and Mackenzie King speak out in favor of the formation of an atomic energy agency.
• November 16 : In London, 37 countries sign the UNESCO founding treaty.
• November 21 : Guatemala becomes a member of the United Nations
• November 27 : Norway joins the United Nations
• December 4 : The US Senate approves the United States' accession to the UN by 65-7 votes .
• December 10 : The Netherlands becomes a member of the United Nations
• December 17th : Honduras joins the United Nations
• December 18 : Uruguay joins the United Nations
• December 21 : Iraq and Ecuador join the United Nations
• December 27 : Belgium becomes a member of the United Nations

IMF logo

• December 27 : The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is founded.

Germany after the surrender

• May 9 : Hermann Göring surrenders to US troops in Austria.
• May 17 : Arthur Werner is appointed Lord Mayor of Berlin by the Soviet troops .
• May 23 : Karl Dönitz is arrested with the members of the "provisional Reichsregierung" in the special area Mürwik and presented to the world press in the back yard of the police headquarters in Flensburg .
• May 23 : Heinrich Himmler commits suicide after being arrested by the British.
• May 28 : In the American zone is Fritz Schaffer as Prime Minister of Bavaria used. He also heads the Ministry of Finance .

Play media file

English-language film about the signing of the Berlin Declaration

• June 5 : With the signing of the Berlin Declaration , the Allied Control Council takes over governance in occupied Germany .
• June 9th : Marshal Georgi Konstantinowitsch Schukow sets up the Soviet Military Administration in Germany (SMAD) in Berlin-Karlshorst , the de facto government in the Soviet occupation zone . The military commander-in-chief also becomes their “supreme boss”.
• June 10 : Marshal Zhukov orders in his Order No. 2 in the Soviet zone of occupation "to allow the formation and activity of anti-fascist parties".
• June 11 : The “ Ulbricht Group ” re-establishes the Communist Party of Germany in Berlin .
• June 14 : The fraternization ban is relaxed. As a result, British occupation soldiers in Germany are given permission to speak to young children.
• June 15 : The SPD is re-founded in Berlin , a second SPD nucleus emerges.
• June 24 : The Moscow Victory Parade of 1945 on Red Square becomes the largest military parade in the history of the Soviet Union with 40,000 participating soldiers, 1,850 military vehicles and a duration of two hours .
• July 1 : Establishment of the People's Police in the Soviet occupation zone
• July 1st : In accordance with the regulations of the European Advisory Commission and the Yalta Conference , the Western Allied troops from Mecklenburg , Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia withdraw and move into the three western sectors of Berlin .
• July 4 : With the agreement on the Allied Control are the four occupation zones of Austria agreed.
• July 9th : The states of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , Mark Brandenburg , Saxony and Thuringia as well as the province of Saxony are created within the Soviet occupation zone by an order of the SMAD .
• July 11 : The Allied Command meets for the first time in Berlin . It exercises control in the city, which has been divided into four sectors by the victorious powers.
• July 14th : The fraternization ban is relaxed. As a result, Allied occupation soldiers in Germany are given permission not only to speak to young children.
• July 17 to August 2 : Potsdam Conference on the defeated Germany
• July 29th : The British Rhine Army broadcasts its own radio program for the first time for its members, which continues as BFBS Radio Germany .
• August 1 : The American occupation forces appoint Wilhelm Kaisen as mayor of Bremen , an office that he will hold for almost twenty years.
• August 2 : Clement Attlee , Josef Stalin and Harry S. Truman sign the Potsdam Agreement : Germany is to be demilitarized and denazified and to pay the victorious powers war compensation in the form of dismantling; the resettlement of the German population on the other side of the Oder and Neisse rivers should take place in an orderly and humanitarian manner (in fact, the expulsion measures that have long been underway are claiming countless deaths).
• August 8th : The London Four Power Agreement with the legal bases and the procedural rules for the Nuremberg Trials , which is now considered the "birth certificate of international criminal law ", is passed.

Areas swapped under the Wanfried Agreement

• September 17 : In the Wanfried Agreement , areas are swapped between the US and Soviet occupation zones in order to ensure undisturbed traffic on the Göttingen – Bebra railway line .
• September 19 : The states of Württemberg-Baden and Greater Hesse are newly created in the US zone , Bavaria is also restored as a state.
• September 26th : The Friedland reception center for refugees and displaced persons from Eastern Germany and Eastern Europe is created near Göttingen .
• October 5 : The first general conference of the SPD after the war takes place in Wennigsen near Hanover . Politicians from exile as well as from all four zones of occupation are represented.
• October 6th : The British occupying power forbids the Mayor of Cologne , Konrad Adenauer, from any party political activities.
• October 10 : All Nazi organizations are dissolved by the Control Council Act No. 2 of the Allied Control Council , start-ups are prohibited and existing property is confiscated.
• October 12 : Wiesbaden becomes the capital of Greater Hesse by order of the American military government .
• October 19 : The Stuttgart confession of guilt is drawn up; In it, the Evangelical Church in Germany (EKD) acknowledges complicity in the crimes of the Third Reich.
• November 2 : In the Control Council Act No. 4 , which has come into force , the Allies change the German judiciary back to the structure of local , regional and higher regional courts that was common before the Nazi era . NSDAP members are excluded as judges or public prosecutors .
• November 7th : In the Wiesbaden Manifesto , US art protection officers oppose the transport of art treasures from German museums to the United States.
• November 11th : The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg receives its own zone of occupation in Germany with the cities of Bitburg and Merzig .

Soviet memorial (front view)

• November 11th : The Soviet War Memorial is inaugurated in Berlin-Tiergarten with an Allied parade . It is the first of three such memorials in the city.

The defendants in the main Dachau trial on November 15, 1945

• November 15 : The Dachau main trial begins in the Dachau internment camp , the first war crimes trial of the United States Army in the American zone of occupation at the military court in Dachau . In this trial, 40 people are charged with war crimes in connection with the Dachau concentration camp and its sub-camps . The trial ends on December 13 with 40 convictions, including 36 death sentences. The Dachau main process is the first and therefore groundbreaking concentration camp process within the framework of the Dachau processes .

Eight of the 24 main defendants in Nuremberg: Göring , Heß , von Ribbentrop , Keitel (front row from left), Dönitz , Raeder , von Schirach and Sauckel (behind)

• November 20 : The first of the thirteen Nuremberg Trials , the Nuremberg Trial of the main war criminals, begins before an ad hoc criminal court , the International Military Tribunal , set up by the victorious powers .
• November 23 : In the American zone of occupation in Germany, parties are admitted at the state level.
• November 30 : In the Allied Control Council , the Soviet Union accepts the establishment of three air corridors between Berlin and the western occupation zones in Germany for Allied aircraft.
• December 4th : The dismissed Mayor of Cologne , Konrad Adenauer , is allowed again by the British military government to carry out the political activity it had previously banned.
• December 14th : Christian Democratic politicians from the three western zones meet in Bad Godesberg and decide to found the CDU . Representatives from the Soviet zone were prevented from arriving.

• Resumption of the work of the municipal associations in a separate institutional form ( German Association of Cities , German Association of Cities and Municipalities , German District Association )

Europe after the war

• May 9 : Vilhelm Buhl becomes Prime Minister of Denmark .
• May 15 : Beginning of the Bleiburg massacre, in which many of the refugees around 50 kilometers long are murdered.
• May 24th : The almost exclusively German residents are expelled from Frain an der Thaya ( Vranov nad Dyjí ), Czechoslovakia .
• May 31 : 25,000 Germans are expelled from Brno in the Brno death march , around 5,000 perishing.

The Norwegian royal family returns

• June 7th : King Håkon VII returns to Oslo with his family from five years of exile in Britain , where he headed the Norwegian government in exile .
• June 19 : In the Prerau massacre , Czechoslovak soldiers murder 265 civilians from a refugee transport.
• June 21 : The Czechoslovak President Edvard Beneš orders the expropriation of the property of the Sudeten Germans ( Beneš decrees ).

Clement Attlee 1945

• July 5 : The British general election in 1945 clearly wins the Labor Party under Clement Attlee .
• July 26 : Winston Churchill , UK Prime Minister, announces his resignation after losing a general election.
• July 27 : Three weeks after Labor won the British general election , the Attlee cabinet takes over from Churchill's transitional government .
• August 23 : Land Reform Act in Yugoslavia .
• September 11 to October 2 : London Foreign Ministers Conference
• October 15 : In Paris is Pierre Laval , the former prime minister of the Vichy government, executed.
• October 21 : In the elections for the French National Assembly, the CP becomes the strongest party with 152 seats.
• October 24 : The Norwegian politician Vidkun Quisling , who collaborated with the Germans, is executed.
• November 25 : The ÖVP under Leopold Figl wins the National Council election in Austria in 1945 . The state elections, which are held on the same day, are also a cause for joy for the People's Party: except in Carinthia and Vienna , it will be the strongest force in all countries, in Vorarlberg even with 70.2% of the votes.
• November 29 : Yugoslavia becomes the "Socialist Federal Republic".
• December 12 : The Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan is proclaimed in Tabriz .
• 16th bis 26. December : In Moscow a conference of foreign ministers of Great Britain, the Soviet Union and the United States takes place. The USSR renounces participation in the military administration in Japan and agrees to the admission of two non-communist ministers to the governments of Romania and Bulgaria . In addition, the plans for an atomic energy authority within the UN are given concrete form.
• December 19 : The National Council meets again in Vienna for the first time after the end of the war . A new president is elected in the form of the ÖVP MP Leopold Kunschak , and the parliament puts the 1920 constitution (with amendments until 1929) back into force. In doing so, however, the so-called war - economic authorization law is being dispensed with , which had made it easier for the Austrofascists to consolidate their power a decade earlier.
• December 20 : One day later, the Austrian Federal Assembly meets and elects the previous State Chancellor Karl Renner as Federal President. On the same day, the Federal Government Figl I is sworn in by Renner. All 3 parliamentary parties are still represented in the cabinet.

Switzerland

• January 1 : Eduard von Steiger becomes Federal President of Switzerland .

United States

• January 3 : The Un-American Activities Committee becomes a standing committee of the United States House of Representatives .
• November 27 : Foundation of the aid organization CARE in Washington.
• December 28 : The US Congress passes the War Brides Act . The law allows entry of the wives of members of the US armed forces and helps reunite the families of soldiers marriages concluded abroad.

Latin America

• October 17th : Union-organized mass protests in Argentina force the release of Juan Perón , who was arrested on October 9th . The gathering of his followers in the Plaza de Mayo in Buenos Aires is considered to be the birth of Peronism .
• October 18 : The President of Venezuela , Isaías Medina Angarita , is overthrown in a coup.
• October 29 : Brazilian President Getúlio Dornelles Vargas resigns.

North Africa and Middle East

• February 24 : The Prime Minister of Egypt , Ahmad Mahir Pasha , is assassinated. King Faruq appoints Mahmud an-Nukraschi Pasha as his successor.
• March 22nd : The Arab League is founded in Cairo .
• May 8 : A rally in the Algerian city ​​of Sétif spreads to days of unrest, the bloody suppression of which by the French colonial power kills up to 45,000 people.
• December 27th : A wave of attacks against British facilities breaks out in Palestine, killing ten people. As a result, the British mandate arrested over 2,000 Jews.

Indonesia

Sukarno

• August 17 : Sukarno and Mohammad Hatta declare the independence of Indonesia after the surrender of Japan , which occupied the colony of the Dutch East Indies in 1941/42 . The Netherlands do not recognize independence and are trying to restore Indonesia's colonial status . The Indonesian War of Independence begins. On October 5th, Sukarno founded the so-called People's Security Army, which was armed primarily with police material.
• November 13 : The Republic of Indonesia receives its first president, Sukarno .

Vietnam

• March 10 : The French colonial troops are disarmed by the Japanese army after ruling the country together for the past few years . The French are completely surprised, so that only a few units of the almost 30,000-strong colonial army can withdraw to China with the support of the Việt Minh .
• April 16 : Trần Trọng Kim becomes the Japanese Governor General of Vietnam .
• August 25th : August Revolution : Hồ Chí Minh forces the emperor Bảo Đại appointed by the Japanese to abdicate; the rebels of Việt Minh seize power.
• On September 2nd, Ho Chi Minh publicly proclaimed the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV) in Hanoi . For the first time women are given equal rights, including the right to vote . France's intention to regain possession of its colony is postponed by the threat of intervention by national Chinese troops stationed in North Vietnam .
• A few days after Vietnam declared independence, British troops land in Saigon with the official task of disarming Japanese forces. National Chinese troops are marching into Vietnam from the north. Despite a peace treaty with the Viet Minh, the French force the re-establishment of their colonial regime in South Vietnam on September 23 .

Korea

• October 10 : Labor Party of Korea is founded.

Other events in Asia

• August 30 : In Hong Kong , under British rule from 1841 as a result of the First Opium War and occupied by the Japanese army since 1941, British troops take control again.
• September 20 : Gandhi and Nehru demand the immediate withdrawal of British troops from India .

economy

World bank

• December 27 : The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), the central part of the World Bank , is founded in Washington, DC .

Financial policy

• July 23 : Private banks and insurance companies are closed in the SBZ by SMAD order number 10. Further processing is to be carried out a short time later by public institutes such as the Sächsische Landesbank . The measure is a first step towards reshaping the economic system according to socialist ideology .

1 shilling banknote, printed from 1944, issued from May 1945

• November 30th : The currency changeover takes place in Austria . The schilling replaces the Reichsmark .
• December 13 : In Austria, on the occasion of the currency reform, the exchange of a maximum of 150 Reichsmarks per person into the currency Schilling begins .
• December 25 : The Caisse Centrale de la France d'Outre-Mer in French Equatorial Africa begins issuing the CFA franc as the common currency of the French colonies in Africa.

Patents

• September 5 : Simon Faure applies for a patent in France for the multi-purpose hoist he invented , a device for lifting or pulling loads .

Business start-ups

• January 15 : The Italian news and press agency ANSA is founded in Rome.

Berliner Zeitung , first edition

• May 21 : The first edition of the Berliner Zeitung appears in Berlin.
• June 11 : The first edition of the Upper Austrian News appears, founded by the American occupation forces.
• August 1 : The Frankfurter Rundschau appears as the first German licensed newspaper after the Second World War.
• August 8 : The Badischer Tagblatt in Baden-Baden is the first licensed newspaper in the French occupation zone to be approved.
• August 16 : On behalf of the Kulturbund for the democratic renewal of Germany , the Aufbau-Verlag is founded, which grows to become the largest fiction publisher in what would later become the GDR .
• August 27th : The Saarbrücker Zeitung resumes its publication. In Vienna, the Wiener Kurier appears in the American zone of occupation.
• September 5 : Rudolf Agricola , Theodor Heuss and Hermann Knorr found the Rhein-Neckar-Zeitung .
• October 6th : After the license has been granted, the first edition of the Süddeutsche Zeitung appears , founded by August Schwingenstein , Edmund Goldschagg and Franz Josef Schöningh .

Nationalizations

• January 16 : The Renault automobile company is nationalized by France .

science and technology

War technology

A4b compared to A4 and other units

• January 24th : A winged version of the A4 / V2 rocket , the A4b , is successfully launched for the first time at the Peenemünde Army Research Center . It should achieve twice the range of the A4, but crashes prematurely due to a broken wing. There is no further launch of this missile.
• February 2 : The first flight of the Horten H IX flying wing aircraft takes place in Oranienburg .
• March 1 : The pilot Lothar Sieber of the first manned rocket plane to take off vertically , an adder from the Bachem works, dies on take-off.
• April 6th : The tallest wooden structure of all time, the 190 meter high wooden tower of the Mühlacker transmitter , is blown up by the SS.

Trinity test

• July 16 : The first atomic bomb is detonated as part of the Manhattan Project during the Trinity test on the White Sands Proving Ground near the city of Alamogordo in New Mexico . It is the first nuclear weapon test with a nuclear weapon explosion . The artificial glass trinitite is then discovered on the site .
• August 11 : American President Harry S. Truman approves the publication of the Smyth Report , the history of the development of American nuclear weapons ( Manhattan Project ).
• October: In the vicinity of Cuxhaven , representatives of the allied occupying powers are demonstrated on the basis of three test starts, the technology of the "retaliatory weapon" V2 ( Operation Backfire ).

Civil aviation

• June 28 : The Cessna 120 sports aircraft makes its maiden flight in the United States.
• December 3 : Handley Page Hermes' prototype HP68 Hermes I crashes on its maiden flight, setting the development of this first British post-war airliner back by two years.
• December 22nd : The Beechcraft Bonanza , produced as a business jet , completes its maiden flight .

Natural sciences

• April 14 : The Russian Academy of Sciences establishes the Botanical Garden in Moscow .
• The American botanist Benjamin Minge Duggar (1872–1956) discovered the broad spectrum antibiotic aureomycin .

Research and Teaching

• At the University of Vienna , women are admitted to the Catholic-Theological Faculty (since 1897 at the Philosophical Faculty , 1900 at the Medical Faculty, 1919 Law and Political Science and 1922 at the Evangelical-Theological Faculty).

Culture

Movie

→ Main article : 1945 film year

• March 9th : The feature film Children of Olympus with Arletty in the leading role is premiered in Paris .

literature

→ Main article : 1945 year of literature

• August 17 : The first edition of George Orwell's novel Animal Farm appears in Great Britain .
• November 29 : The Swedish publisher Bonnier publishes the novel Pippi Longstocking by Astrid Lindgren with illustrations by Ingrid Vang Nyman .

Music and theater

• February 1 : The world premiere of the opera Lycksalighetens ö by Hilding Rosenberg takes place at the Royal Opera in Stockholm.
• March 8 : Nine years after the author's death, Federico García Lorca's drama La casa de Bernarda Alba ( Bernarda Alba's house ) premieres at the Teatro Avenida in Buenos Aires. The main role is played by the Catalan actress Margarita Xirgu .
• March 29th : The drama Now they are singing again by Max Frisch has its world premiere at the Zurich Schauspielhaus under the direction of Kurt Horwitz .
• April 19 : The musical Carousel , the musical adaptation of the play Liliom by Ferenc Molnár in the version by Benjamin Glazer with music by Richard Rodgers , lyrics and book by Oscar Hammerstein II , is premiered at the Majestic Theater in New York.
• May 1st : The Vienna State Opera gives its first performance in its alternative quarters in the Theater an der Wien after the end of Nazi rule in Vienna.
• September 7th : The Deutsches Theater Berlin reopens with Lessing's Nathan the Wise .

religion

• December 23rd : The encyclical Orientales omnes ecclesias by Pope Pius XII. deals - on the occasion of the union with the Ruthenian Church 350 years earlier - with the developments in the Eastern Churches .

Nag Hammadi Codex II with the Apocryphon of John and the Gospel of Thomas

• December: The Nag Hammadi scriptures are found in Egypt .

Disasters

• January 12 : 7.1 magnitude earthquake struck Mikawa Bay off the coast of Aichi Prefecture , Japan , killing around 1,900.
• January 30th : The refugee ship Wilhelm Gustloff sinks after 3 torpedo hits and kills about 9,000 people.
• May 3 : British fighter-bombers sink the ships Cap Arcona and Thielbek in Neustädter Bucht without knowing that these ships are currently transporting concentration camp prisoners . An estimated 7,000 concentration camp prisoners and 380 guards and crew die as a result.
• The famine in Vietnam ends in May, killing around 1.3 million people.
• July 28 : A B-25 bomber collides with the Empire State Building in New York City between the 78th and 79th floors. In the accident, a total of 14 fatalities were to be mourned: in addition to the three occupants of the machine, another eleven people who were in the building. 24 people suffer serious injuries.
• November 27 : 8.2 magnitude earthquake struck Iran , killing around 4,000.

Minor accidents are listed in the sub-articles of Catastrophe .

Sports

• January 12 : The Chilean volcano Corcovado in the Andes is climbed for the first time by mountaineers Gerhard Kress, Alfredo Gash and Hans Engel.
• March 4th : The multi-sports club Red Star Belgrade is founded, which is best known for its football department . He receives the association's assets of the SK Jugoslavija, which was dissolved by the communist authorities at the beginning of the year .
• September 12th : The multi-sport club VSK Wolfsburg is founded. The future VfL Wolfsburg only experienced a severe setback for a few months when almost the entire football team left the club on December 27 and founded 1. FC Wolfsburg .
• October 4 : The football club FK Partizan is founded in Belgrade by young generals of the Yugoslav People's Army .
• November 4th : The southern German football league starts its game operations with point games.

Nobel Prizes

• Physics : Wolfgang Pauli
• Chemistry : Artturi Ilmari Virtanen
• Medicine : Alexander Fleming , Ernst Boris Chain and Howard Walter Florey
• Literature : Gabriela Mistral
• Nobel Peace Prize : Cordell Hull

Born

January

• 0January 1 : Victor Ashe , American politician
• 0January 1st : Jacky Ickx , Belgian Formula 1 and sports car racing driver
• 0January 1st : Antoine Oomen , Dutch pianist, composer and conductor
• 0January 1st : Rüdiger Safranski , German writer
• 0January 2nd : Frank Laufenberg , German presenter, journalist and author
• 0January 2 : Slobodan Praljak , Bosnian-Croatian politician and general († 2017 )
• 0January 2 : Mary Jane Reoch , American cyclist († 1993 )
• 0January 3 : Luigi Blau , Austrian architect and furniture designer
• 0January 3 : Stephen Stills , American musician
  

  Stephen Stills , 2011
• 0January 5th : Gunda König , Austrian actress and singer
• 0January 5 : Joseph Amangi Nacua , Filipino priest and Bishop of Ilagan
• 0January 5th : Roger Spottiswoode , Canadian film director
• 0January 6th : Margrete Auken , Danish politician
• 0January 6th : Anatol Regnier , writer, chanson singer and guitarist
• 0January 7th : Dave Cousins , British singer and songwriter
• 0January 7th : Jean-Claude Lefèbvre , French racing driver
• 0January 7th : Raila Odinga , Kenyan politician
• 0January 8 : Heinrich-Wilhelm Ronsöhr , German politician, Member of the Bundestag († 2010 )
• 0January 8 : Terry Sylvester , British musician
• 0January 9th : Karl-Heinz Artmann , German soccer player
• 0January 9 : Levon Ter-Petrosyan , Armenian President
• January 10 : John Joseph Fahey , Australian politician († 2020 )
• January 10 : Rod Stewart , British singer
  

  Rod Stewart , 1976

Christine Kaufmann , 2014

• January 11 : Christine Kaufmann , Austrian-German film actress († 2017 )
• January 12th : Maggie Bell , British singer
• January 14th : Anselm Grün , German Benedictine priest and author
• January 14th : Karlheinz Rost , German handball trainer and handball player
• January 14 : Hubertus Schmoldt , German supervisory board and trade unionist
• January 15th : Christian Anders , Austrian author and pop singer, musician and composer
• January 16 : Wim Suurbier , Dutch football player († 2020 )
• January 17th : Javed Akhtar , Indian screenwriter, poet and songwriter
• January 17th : Jeanette Fitzsimons , New Zealand politician († 2020 )
• January 17th : Ib Michael , Danish writer
• January 18 : Isabel Allende , Chilean politician
• January 18 : Philippe Gurdjian , French racing driver and motorsport official († 2014 )
• January 18 : Hugh Hartwell , Canadian composer and music educator
• January 20th : Gianni Amelio , Italian film director
• January 20 : Uwe Amthor , German politician
• January 20th : Eric Stewart , British singer, guitarist and songwriter
• January 21 : Christopher Ameyaw-Akumfi , Ghanaian university professor and politician
• January 21 : Martin Shaw , British actor
• January 22nd : Jean-Pierre Nicolas , French rally driver
• January 22nd : Christoph Schönborn , Austrian bishop and cardinal
  

  Christoph Cardinal Schönborn , 2007
• January 23 : Renate Kern , German pop singer († 1991 )
• January 25th : Iris von Arnim , German fashion designer
• January 26th : Ulrich Gumpert , German jazz musician
• January 26th : Ashley "Tyger" Hutchings , British singer and musician
• January 26 : Jacqueline du Pré , British cellist († 1987 )
• January 26th : Peter Rauen , German politician, Member of the Bundestag
• January 26 : Jeremy Rifkin , American economist and publicist
• January 26th : Erika Stubenvoll , Austrian politician
• January 28 : Herbert Kautz , Austrian politician († 2005 )
• January 28 : Robert Wyatt , British singer and drummer
• January 29th : Manfred Lehmann , German actor
• January 29 : Tom Selleck , American actor
  

  Tom Selleck , 2010
• January 30th : Bernd Aust , German rock musician and concert promoter
• January 30th : Gerd Wittmann , German ice hockey coach
• January 31 : Matthias Beltz , German cabaret artist and author († 2002 )
• January 31 : Noah Creshevsky , American composer and music teacher († 2020 )

February

• 0February 1 : Luisito Martí , Dominican musician, actor, film producer and television presenter († 2010 )
• 0February 1st : Michel Pignard , French racing car driver
• 0February 1 : Gerhard Welz , German soccer player
• 0February 2nd : Metin Arditi , Swiss writer, patron and entrepreneur
• 0February 2 : Robert Atzorn , German actor
• 0February 3 : Gunter Armonat , German politician
• 0February 3 : Hideo Kanaya , Japanese motorcycle racer († 2013 )
• 0February 3 : Bob Stewart , American jazz musician (tuba)
• 0February 4th : Julio Racine , Haitian composer and flautist

Bob Marley , 1980

• 0February 6 : Bob Marley , Jamaican musician († 1981 )
• 0February 6 : Jean Xhenceval , Belgian racing driver
• 0February 7 : Gerald Davies , Welsh rugby player
• 0February 7 : Fredric Kroll , American composer and writer
• 0February 8 : Kinza Clodumar , Nauruan politician and president
• 0February 8 : Erich Rutemöller , German football coach

Mia Farrow , 2008

• 0February 9 : Mia Farrow , American actress
• 0February 9 : Yoshinori Ōsumi , Japanese cell biologist
• February 10 : Gerd Lohmeyer , German actor and director
• February 10 : Karin Radermacher , German politician and MdL
• February 11 : Ralph Doubell , Australian athlete and Olympic champion
• February 12 : Maud Adams , Swedish film actress and model
• February 12 : Jann-Peter Janssen , German politician and Member of the Bundestag
• February 12th : Thilo Sarrazin , German politician
• February 14th : Thorleif Andresen , Norwegian cyclist
• February 14 : Uwe Göllner , German politician and Member of the Bundestag

Prince Hans-Adam II from and to Liechtenstein

• February 14th : Hans Adam II , Regent of Liechtenstein
• February 14 : Ladislao Mazurkiewicz , Uruguayan football player and coach († 2013 )
• February 15 : John Anthony Helliwell , British musician, saxophone, clarinet and keyboardist
• February 15 : Douglas R. Hofstadter , American physicist, computer scientist, cognitive scientist and philosopher
• February 15 : Ricardo Ray , American-Puerto Rican pianist, composer and band leader
• February 15th : Pekka Sarmanto , Finnish jazz bassist
• February 16 : Rolf-Dieter Arens , German university professor and pianist
• February 17th : Peter Angermann , German painter
• February 18 : Gerd Neuser , German soccer coach
• February 19 : Sam Abell , American photographer
• February 19 : Barbara Georgina Adams , British Egyptologist († 2002 )
• February 19 : Thomas Brasch , German author, playwright and poet († 2001 )
• February 19 : Horst Felbermayr senior , Austrian entrepreneur and racing car driver († 2020 )
• February 20 : Jürg Acklin , Swiss psychoanalyst and writer
• February 20 : Johannes Biebl , German rock musician
• February 20 : Bärbel Braun , German handball player
• February 21 : Hanns-Friedrich Kunz , German choir director
• February 21 : Walter Momper , German politician
• February 22nd : María del Carmen Aguilar , Argentine music teacher and scholar
• February 22nd : Antje-Katrin Kühnemann , German TV presenter and doctor
• February 22nd : Gerda Uhlemann , German athlete
• February 23 : Robert Gray , Australian poet
• February 23 : Georg Milbradt , Prime Minister of the Free State of Saxony
• February 24th : Giorgio Bambini , Italian boxer († 2015 )
• February 24 : Helmut Rauber , German politician and Member of the Bundestag
• February 24th : Collin Walcott , American percussionist and sitar player († 1984 )
• February 25 : Elkie Brooks , British singer
• February 26 : Peter Geoffrey Brock , Australian racing driver († 2006 )
• February 27 : Carl Anderson , American singer and actor († 2004 )
• February 27 : Daniel Olbrychski , Polish actor
• February 27 : Jean-Claude Olivier , French motorcycle racer and motorsport official († 2013 )
• February 27 : Wayne Pullen , Canadian archer, Olympian
• February 27 : Danny Rivera , Puerto Rican singer

March

• 0March 1st : Wilfried Van Moer , Belgian football player
• 0March 2nd : Peter Lerchbaumer , Austrian actor
• 0March 2nd : Michel Eustache Vilaire , Venezuelan choir conductor, music teacher and composer
• 0March 2 : Elias Ravian , Papua New Guinea volcanologist († 1979 )
• 0March 4th : Jack Gerber , South African racing car driver
• 0March 4th : Tony Hendrik , German music producer, composer and owner of a record label
• 0March 4th : Dieter Meier , Swiss concept artist and musician
• 0March 4 : Frank Novak , American actor
• 0March 5 : Friedrich Bohl , German politician
• 0March 6 : Paul Miller , American racing car driver and racing team owner
• 0March 7th : Reinhold Bertlmann , Austrian physicist and professor
• 0March 8th : Doldschingiin Adjaatömör , Mongolian wrestler
• 0March 8 : David Ascalon , American-Israeli artist and sculptor
• 0March 8 : Anselm Kiefer , German painter and sculptor

Katja Ebstein , 1970

• 0March 9 : Katja Ebstein , German singer and actress
• 0March 9 : Hartmut Haupt , German soccer player
• 0March 9 : Robin Trower , English guitarist and rock musician
• 0March 9 : Ron Widby , American football player
• March 11 : Geoff Brown , British volcanologist and geologist († 1993 )
• March 13 : Anatoly Timofejewitsch Fomenko , Russian mathematician
• March 14 : Berko Acker , German film and theater actor († 1978 )
• March 14 : Werner Albert Andler , German pediatrician († 2013 )
• March 14th : Bethuel Pakalitha Mosisili , Lesothic politician

Herman van Veen , 2010

• March 14th : Herman van Veen , Dutch singer, writer, songwriter and songwriter
• March 15 : Walter Adams , German athlete
• March 15 : Volker Kröning , German politician and Member of the Bundestag
• March 16 : Polo Hofer , Swiss rock singer († 2017 )
• March 17th : Karl-Heinz Seiffert , judge at the Federal Court of Justice
• March 18 : Anthony Villanueva , Filipino boxer († 2014 )
• March 19 : Mark O'Connor , Australian lyric poet
• March 20 : Franklin Rudolf Ankersmit , Dutch professor of intellectual history and the theory of history
• March 20 : Roger Magnusson , Swedish football player
• March 22nd : Jorge Ben , Brazilian pop musician

Paul Schockemöhle , 2013

• March 22nd : Paul Schockemöhle , German show jumper
• March 23 : Elke Austenat , German doctor and author
• March 23 : Christian Bussi , French racing car driver
• March 23 : Eric De Vlaeminck , Belgian racing cyclist, cyclo-cross specialist († 2015 )
• March 24 : Robert Bakker , American paleontologist and painter
• March 24th : Ax Genrich , German guitarist
• March 25 : Dumitru Antonescu , Romanian football player and coach († 2016 )
• March 25 : Michael Archer , Australian paleontologist
• March 25 : Klaus Armbrüster , German lawyer
• March 26 : Joachim Hörster , German politician and Member of the Bundestag
• March 26 : Eugenio Lazzarini , Italian motorcycle racer
• March 26 : Enrico Paolini , Italian cyclist
• March 26th : Adriano Pappalardo , Italian cantautore and actor
• March 26 : Mikhail Voronin , Russian gymnast († 2004 )
• March 27 : Anna Mae Pictou Aquash , Indian activist († 1975 )
• March 27 : Harry Rowohlt , German writer, translator and reciter († 2015 )
• March 28th : Sally Carr , British singer ("Middle of the Road")
• March 28 : Rolf Glasmeier , German artist († 2003 )
• March 28 : Tilman Röhrig , German writer

Eric Clapton , 2008

• March 30th : Eric Clapton , English rock and blues guitarist
• 00.March: Rhina Ramírez , Dominican singer

April

• 0April 1 : Bjørnar Andresen , Norwegian jazz musician († 2004 )
• 0April 1st : Ib Ivan Larsen , Danish rower
• 0April 2 : Hans-Wolfgang Arndt , German professor of tax law
• 0April 2nd : Jürgen Drews , German pop singer and restaurateur
  

  Jürgen Drews , 2013
• 0April 2nd : Guy Fréquelin , French motor sportsman
• 0April 2 : Linda Hunt , American actress
• 0April 3 : Petra Kappert , Professor of Turkic Studies († 2004 )
• 0April 3 : Wolfgang Pampel , German theater actor, actor, singer and voice actor
• 0April 4 : Daniel Cohn-Bendit , Franco-German publicist and politician
• 0April 6th : Celestino Aós Braco , Spanish Archbishop and Cardinal of Santiago de Chile
• 0April 6th : Marianne Schroeder , Swiss composer and pianist
• 0April 7th : Caren Pfleger , German designer and model († 2019 )
• 0April 7 : Werner Schroeter , German director († 2010 )
• 0April 8 : Margherita Cagol , Italian terrorist in the Red Brigades († 1975 )
• 0April 8 : Michael Hanemann , German actor
• 0April 8 : Diarmuid Martin , Archbishop of Ireland, Primate of Ireland
• April 10 : Shirley Walker , American composer, conductor, pianist and producer († 2006 )
• April 11th : Christian Quadflieg , German actor, director and reciter
• April 12th : Miller Anderson , British blues and rock musician
• April 12th : Felipe Lara , Spanish flamenco singer
• April 12th : Kiyoko Murata , Japanese writer
• April 12 : Sigrid Skarpelis-Sperk , German politician and Member of the Bundestag
• April 12 : Peter Tschernig , German musician († 2017 )
• April 13 : George Aggudey , Ghanaian politician
• April 13 : Lowell George , American rock musician (Little Feat) († 1979 )
• April 14 : Matthias Aeschbacher , Swiss conductor
• April 14 : Uwe Beyer , German athlete († 1993 )
• April 14th : Ritchie Blackmore , British hard rock guitarist (Deep Purple)
  

  Ritchie Blackmore
• April 15th : Dagmar Frederic , German singer and presenter
• April 15 : Milton Peláez , Dominican rock musician, composer and comedian († 2006 )
• April 16 : Stefan Grossman , American guitarist, textbook writer and producer
• April 16 : Sarenco , Italian visual poet, cultural organizer, publisher and filmmaker († 2017 )
• April 18 : Wolfgang Stropek , Austrian motorcycle racer
• April 19 : Ferenc Vozar , German ice hockey player († 1999 )
• April 20 : Helene Auer , Austrian politician
• April 20 : Naftali Temu , Kenyan athlete and long-distance runner († 2003 )
• April 21 : Heinrich Haasis , German politician and President of the German Savings Banks and Giro Association
• April 22nd : Norbert Irtel , German soccer player
• April 23 : Jorge Taveras , Dominican composer, arranger and conductor
• April 24 : Larry Tesler , American computer scientist († 2020 )
• April 25 : Lutz Feldt , German Vice Admiral and Inspector of the Navy
• April 25th : Geriet Schieske , German director, actor and author
• April 25th : Björn Ulvaeus , Swedish singer, member of the ABBA group
• April 26 : Richard Armitage , American politician
• April 26 : Winfried Glatzeder , German actor
• April 26 : Petr Oslzlý , Czech dramaturge, screenwriter and actor
• April 27th : Roberto Bonadimani , Italian comic artist
• April 29 : Lutz Ackermann , German journalist and radio and TV presenter
• April 29 : Hugh Hopper , British bassist and composer († 2009 )
• April 29 : Tammi Terrell , American soul and R&B singer († 1970 )
• April 29 : Zdeněk Tylšar , Czech horn player and professor († 2006 )
• April 30 : Max Cohen-Olivar , Moroccan racing car driver († 2018 )
• April 30 : Ulla Hahn , German writer
• April 30 : Hannelore Huber , Austrian psychologist († 2017 )

May

• 0May 1 : Rita Coolidge , American musician of Native American descent
• 0May 3rd : Patricia Asbæk , Danish gallery owner and curator
• 0May 3rd : Tadeusz Rydzyk , Polish Redemptorist Father and media entrepreneur
• 0May 4th : Richard Albrecht , German social scientist, civil rights activist and author
• 0May 4th : Issam John Darwich , Syrian minister and bishop of the Sydney Eparchy
• 0May 4 : Michael Jürgs , German journalist († 2019 )
• 0May 5th : Claude Bourgoignie , Belgian racing car driver
• 0May 6 : Jimmie Dale Gilmore , American country singer-songwriter
• 0May 6 : Felix von Manteuffel , German actor
• 0May 7th : Max Müller , German handball player
• 0May 8 : Keith Jarrett , American jazz pianist
• 0May 9 : Gamal al-Ghitani , Egyptian writer and journalist († 2015 )
• 0May 9 : Kenneth Dyba , Canadian writer and theater director
• 0May 9 : Jupp Heynckes , German soccer player and coach

Jupp Heynckes

• May 11th : Hans-Walter Schädler , Liechtenstein ski racer
• May 12 : Alan Ball , English football player and coach († 2007 )
• May 12 : Ian McLagan , British rock musician († 2014 )
• May 12 : Diana Raznovich , Argentine writer, theater-maker and caricaturist
• May 12 : Gayla Reid , Canadian writer
• May 13 : Sam Anderson , American actor
• May 13th : Lasse Berghagen , Swedish musician
• May 14 : Wladislaw Ardsinba , Abkhazian politician († 2010 )
• May 14 : Bernd Schubert , German athletics trainer
• May 14 : Jochanan Wallach , Israeli soccer player
• May 15 : Jacques Guillot , French racing car driver
• May 15 : Lee Jang-ho , South Korean film director
• May 16 : Rob Bron , Dutch motorcycle racer († 2009 )
• May 16 : Axel Kutsch , German writer and editor
• May 16 : Massimo Moratti , Italian industrialist
• May 16 : Martha Beatriz Roque , Cuban economist
• May 17th : Wladimir Aichelburg , Austrian historian and publicist
• May 17th : Renate Krößner , German actress († 2020 )
• May 17th : Daniel Odier , Swiss writer and Tantra and Chan teacher
• May 18 : Christopher Alan Bayly , British historian († 2015 )
• May 18 : Max Mabillard , Swiss journalist († 2001 )
• May 19th : Pete Townshend , British musician and head of rock band The Who
  

  Pete Townshend , 1972
• May 20th : Gaby Andersen-Schiess , Swiss medium and long distance runner
• May 20 : Anton Zeilinger , Austrian quantum physicist
  

  Anton Zeilinger
• May 21 : Ernst Messerschmid , German physicist and astronaut
• May 22nd : Piero Ferrari , Italian entrepreneur and industrialist
• May 24 : Bärbel Bohley , German civil rights activist and painter († 2010 )
• May 24th : Driss Jettou , Moroccan politician and Prime Minister
• May 24 : Priscilla Presley , American actress
• May 25 : Klaus Zaczyk , German soccer player
• May 26 : Donald Steven , Canadian composer
• May 27 : Bruce Cockburn , Canadian musician, songwriter
• May 28th : Patch Adams , American doctor
• May 28 : Gerhard Athing , judge at the Federal Court of Justice
• May 28 : John Fogerty , American rock musician
• May 28 : Leo Pleysier , Dutch- speaking writer from Belgium
• May 29 : Gary Brooker , British rock musician
• May 30th : John Jellinek , American racing car driver
• May 31 : Rainer Werner Fassbinder , German director, film producer and playwright († 1982 )
  

  Rainer Werner Fassbinder
• May 31st : Laurent Gbagbo , President of Côte d'Ivoire

June

• 0June 1st : Marino Basso , Italian cyclist
• 0June 2nd : David Dundas , British singer
• 0June 2nd : Richard Long , British artist
• 0June 2 : Hans-Bert Matoul , German football player (GDR)
• 0June 2 : Jon Peters , American film producer
• 0June 3rd : Bjørn Alterhaug , Norwegian jazz double bass player
• 0June 3 : Gerda Eichhorn , German politician
• 0June 3 : Klaus-Günther Voigtmann , German politician
• 0June 4th : Anthony Braxton , American saxophonist and composer
• 0June 4th : Jörg Steinwascher , German motorboat racing driver († 1999 )
• 0June 4th : Ralf Thenior , German writer
• 0June 4 : Adrian Yates-Smith , British racing car driver († 2005 )
• 0June 5 : Mark Jay Ablowitz , American mathematician
• 0June 5 : John Carlos , American track and field athlete and Olympian
• 0June 5 : Wladimiro Panizza , Italian cyclist († 2002 )
• 0June 6 : Allen Boyd , American politician
• 0June 6th : Theo Zwanziger , German sports official and treasurer of the DFB

Wolfgang Schüssel , 2006

• 0June 7th : Lars-Göran Åslund , Swedish cross-country skier
• 0June 7th : Wolfgang Schüssel , Austrian Federal Chancellor
• 0June 8 : Nicky Oppenheimer , South African entrepreneur
• 0June 9 : Yūji Aoki , Japanese manga artist († 2003 )
• 0June 9 : Mick Goodrick , American jazz guitarist and teacher
• 0June 9 : Betty Mahmoody , American author
• 0June 9 : Luis Ocaña Pernía , Spanish cyclist († 1994 )
• June 10 : Kurt Neumann , German politician
• June 10 : Regula Schmidt-Bott , German politician and Member of the Bundestag († 2015 )
• June 11 : Ernst Bahr , German politician and Member of the Bundestag
• June 11 : Roger Schawinski , Swiss media pioneer and television presenter
• June 12 : Heiner Sandig , German pastor, politician (CDU) and Saxon Commissioner for Foreigners
• June 12 : Nadia Turbide , Canadian musicologist and educator
• June 13 : William Matthew Wand Addison , 4th Viscount Addison
• June 14th : Rod Argent , British musician
• June 14 : Jörg Immendorff , German painter and sculptor († 2007 )
• June 14 : Alfred Worm , Austrian journalist († 2007 )

Ken Livingstone

• June 15th : Robert Sarah , Guinean Curia Cardinal
• June 17 : Patrick Hickey , Irish judoka and sports official
• June 17th : Ken Livingstone , Lord Mayor of London
• June 17th : Eddy Merckx , Belgian cyclist
• June 17 : Arthur Verocai , Brazilian musician, singer, conductor and record producer
• June 18 : Hans-Peter Neuhaus , German handball player and coach

Aung San Suu Kyi .

• June 19 : Aung San Suu Kyi , politician in Burma
• June 19 : Radovan Karadžić , President of the Republika Srpska, accused of war crimes in the Bosnian war
• June 20 : Wilfried Loll , German actor
• June 20 : David Smith Monson , American politician
• June 21 : Philippe Sarde , French composer
• June 21 : Adam Zagajewski , Polish writer

Rainer Brüderle , 2004

• June 22nd : Rainer Brüderle , German politician
• June 22nd : Reiner Ganschow , German handball trainer and player
• June 24th : Gustav-Wilhelm Bathke , German educationalist
• June 24th : Monika Dannemann , German friend of the musician Jimi Hendrix († 1996 )
• June 24 : George Pataki , American politician
• June 25 : Carly Simon , American singer and songwriter
• June 26 : Ondřej Neff , Czech writer, journalist and publisher of internet newspapers
• June 26th : Joseph von Westphalen , German writer
• June 27 : Ami Ajalon , Israeli politician, peace activist and member of the Knesset
• June 28th : Roland Horvath , Austrian horn player
• June 29 : Chandrika Bandaranaike Kumaratunga , President of Sri Lanka
• June 30th : Hartmuth Hahn German soccer player and coach
• June 30th : Sean Scully , Irish painter and printmaker

July

• 0July 1 : Debbie Harry , American singer, songwriter and actress
• 0July 1 : Chōkitsu Kurumatani , Japanese writer († 2015 )
• 0July 2nd : Dieter Grasedieck , German politician and Member of the Bundestag
• 0July 3rd : Wayne Gould , disseminator of Sudoku in Europe
• 0July 4th : David McWilliams , Northern Irish musician († 2002 )
• 0July 4th : Cardinal Stanisław Ryłko , Cardinal of the Polish Curia
• 0July 5th : François Bourgeon , French comic book writer
• 0July 5 : John Greenwood , American racing driver († 2015 )
• 0July 7th : Michael Ancram , British politician
• 0July 7 : Natsuki Ikezawa , Japanese writer and translator
• 0July 7 : Beatrix Philipp , German politician and Member of the Bundestag († 2019 )
• 0July 8 : Micheline Calmy-Rey , Swiss politician
  

  Micheline Calmy-Rey
• 0July 8 : Herbert Schirmer , German politician, Minister for Culture of the GDR
• 0July 9 : Bernd Cailloux , German writer
• 0July 9 : Dean Koontz , American writer
• 0July 9 : Erik van der Wurff , Dutch composer, pianist, producer, conductor and arranger († 2014 )
• July 10 : Dina Straat , German pop singer
• July 10 : Ifan Williams , Canadian cellist and music educator
• July 12th : Hans Jochen Henke , German politician
• July 12 : Gerald Weiß , German politician, Member of the Bundestag
• July 13 : Ini Assmann , German actress († 2015 )
• July 14 : Uwe Küster , German politician and Member of the Bundestag († 2014 )
• July 15 : Jürgen Möllemann , German politician († 2003 )
  

  Jürgen Möllemann , 2002
• July 15 : Jan-Michael Vincent , American actor († 2019 )
• July 17 : Antony Anandarayar , Archbishop of India of Pondicherry and Cuddalore
• July 18 : Ugo Ferrante , Italian football player († 2004 )
• July 19 : Barbara Alms , German philosopher, Germanist and art scholar
• July 19 : Richard Henderson , British structural and molecular biologist
• July 19 : Klaus Heubeck , German actuary
• July 20 : Kim Carnes , American musician and composer
• July 20 : Christian Feest , ethnologist, director of the Völkerkundemuseum, Vienna
• July 23 : Roland Ertl , Chief of the General Staff of the Austrian Armed Forces
• July 23 : Herbert Frankenhauser , German politician and Member of the Bundestag († 2020 )
• July 23 : Edie McClurg , American actress
• July 23 : Gregor Morfill , German physicist
• July 24th : Gianfranco Bedin , Italian football player
• July 24 : Lowell Bergman , American reporter and television producer
• July 26th : Antonio Fassina , Italian rally driver
• July 26 : Helen Mirren , British actress
  

  Helen Mirren, 2011
• July 27th : Daniel Brillat , French racing car driver
• July 27 : Edmund M. Clarke , American computer scientist († 2020 )
• July 27th : Hans Klima , German actor
• July 30th : Patrick Modiano , French writer
• July 30 : David William Sanborn , American pop saxophonist
• July 31 : Masakatsu Asari , Japanese ski jumper
• July 31 : Tomáš Vačkář , Czech composer († 1963 )

August

• 0August 3 : Karl Kremser , German / American American football player
• 0August 3 : Floyd McClung , American Evangelical missionary, pastor, and author
• 0August 3 : Jørgen Schmidt , Danish cyclist
• 0August 4th : Martine de Cortanze , French rally, enduro and powerboat driver as well as journalist and author
• 0August 4th : Sabine Kaspereit , German politician
• 0August 6 : Geraldo Flach , Brazilian musician († 2011 )
• 0August 7 : Mike Brockman , American entrepreneur and racing car driver († 2019 )
• 0August 7 : Alan Page , American football player and lawyer
  

  Alan Page , 2009
• 0August 7th : Reinhard Rack , ÖVP politician and member of the European Parliament
• 0August 8th : Wolfgang Dreher , German judge at the Federal Social Court
• 0August 9 : Peter Dombrowsky , German politician
• August 10 : Milagros Beras Dalmasí , Dominican pianist and music teacher († 1996 )
• August 12 : Bernard Accoyer , French politician
• August 12 : Nelson Alberto Aguiar Ramírez , Cuban dissident
• August 12 : Ute Mora , German actress († 2003 )
• August 12th : Jean Nouvel , French architect
  

  Jean Nouvel
• August 14 : Steve Martin , American writer, producer, actor, musician, and composer
  

  Steve Martin , 1982
• August 14 : Eliana Pittman , Brazilian singer
• August 14 : Roland-Bernhard Trauffer , Swiss theologian
• August 14 : Wim Wenders , German director and photographer
  

  Wim Wenders , 2011
• August 15 : Alain Juppé , French politician
• August 15 : Gene Upshaw , American football player and official († 2008 )
• August 16 : Suzanne Farrell , American ballet dancer
• August 16 : Joachim Rückert , German legal scholar
• August 18 : Karin Buchholz , German voice actress
• August 19th : Lars-Viggo Jensen , Danish racing car driver
• August 19 : Rolf Junghanns , German pianist and musicologist († 1993 )
• August 20 : Jürgen Heinrich , German actor
• August 21 : Willie Lanier , American football player
• August 21 : Patty McCormack , American actress
• August 21 : Basil Poledouris , American film composer and film director († 2006 )
• August 22nd : Steve Kroft , American journalist
• August 23 : Carmen-Maja Antoni , German actress
• August 23 : Rita Pavone , Italian singer
• August 23 : Bob Peck , British actor († 1999 )
• August 24 : Ronee Blakley , American singer, actress, film director, and screenwriter
• August 24 : Kenneth William David "Ken" Hensley , British keyboardist, guitarist and singer († 2020 )
• August 24 : Vincent Kennedy McMahon , American wrestling promoter
• August 26 : Tom Ridge , American politician
• August 27 : Marianne Sägebrecht , German actress
  

  Marianne Sägebrecht , 2003
• August 28 : Michael Aizenman , Israeli-American mathematical physicist and mathematician
• August 28 : Frank Wolff , German cellist
• August 29th : Jean Ragnotti , French rally and racing driver
• August 30th : Anthony Francis Arbor , British politician
• August 30 : Robert Hochner , Austrian journalist and television presenter († 2001 )
• August 30 : Libuše Moníková , German-speaking Czech writer († 1998 )
• August 30 : Heinz Weisenbach , German ice hockey player and trainer († 2018 )
• August 31 : Ernst-Reinhard Beck , German politician and Member of the Bundestag
• August 31 : Van Morrison , Irish rock singer and songwriter
• August 31 : Itzhak Perlman , Israeli musician

September

• 0September 2nd : Henry Arland , German musician and composer
• 0September 4th : Pentti Airikkala , Finnish rally driver († 2009 )
• 0September 4 : Afërdita Tusha , Albanian sports shooter († 2018 )
• 0September 5th : Gérard d'Aboville , French navigator and politician
• 0September 6 : Werner Metzen , German entrepreneur († 1997 )
• 0September 8 : Lem Barney , American football player
• 0September 8 : Christiane Krüger , German actress
• 0September 8th : Vinko Puljić , Archbishop of Sarajevo and Cardinal
• 0September 9 : Ingrid Matthäus-Maier , German politician
• September 10th : Luigi Ciotti , Italian priest and opponent of the Mafia
• September 10th : José Feliciano , Puerto Rican singer and guitarist
• September 10 : Harry Pepl , Austrian jazz guitarist († 2005 )

Franz Beckenbauer

• September 11th : Franz Beckenbauer , German soccer player
• September 11 : Alexander Martynjuk , Soviet ice hockey player
• September 12th : Maria Penelope Katharine Aitken , Irish film actress and screenwriter
• September 12 : Norbert Berger , German singer († 2012 )
• September 12 : David Garrick , British opera and pop singer († 2013 )
• September 13 : Brigitte Ahrens , German pop singer
• September 13 : Alain Louvier , French composer
• September 13th : Gertrude Mongella , Tanzanian politician, first President of the African Parliament
• September 13 : Otto Retzer , Austrian-German actor and director
• September 14 : Lutz Brockhaus , German sculptor († 2016 )
• September 14 : Jürgen Koppelin , German politician and Member of the Bundestag
• September 15th : Carmen Maura , Spanish actress
• September 15 : Jessye Norman , American singer († 2019 )
• September 15 : Hans-Gert Pöttering , German politician
• September 17 : Phil Jackson , American basketball coach
• September 17th : Heinz Marecek , Austrian actor, director and cabaret artist
• September 18 : Meshack Asare , Ghanaian children's author
• September 18 : Roman Jabłoński , Polish cellist and music teacher
• September 18 : Edgar M. Marcus , German actor
• September 18 : John McAfee , British-American entrepreneur and programmer
• September 19 : René Appel , Dutch writer
• September 19 : David Bromberg , American multi-instrumentalist and singer
• September 19 : Benoît Lamy , Belgian film director and screenwriter († 2008 )
• September 20 : Laurie Spiegel , American composer
• September 22nd : Klaus Achenbach , German diplomat
• September 22nd : Ann Christy , Belgian singer († 1984 )
• September 22nd : Klaus Reichenbach , Minister in the Office of the Prime Minister of the GDR
• September 22nd : Ursula Stenzel , Austrian politician
• September 23 : Igor Ivanov , Secretary of the Russian Security Council
• September 24th : John Rutter , British composer
• September 24th : Janne Erik Tage Schaffer , Swedish composer and guitarist
• September 25th : Marie-Luise Apostel , German politician
• September 25 : Catherine Burns , American actress († 2019 )
• September 26 : Gal Costa , Brazilian singer
• September 26 : Bryan Ferry , British singer and songwriter ( Roxy Music )
• September 27 : Bruce Leven , American racing driver and entrepreneur († 2017 )
• September 27 : Erich Weixler , German soccer player
• September 28 : Jörg Draeger , German TV presenter
• September 28th : Marielle Goitschel , French ski racer
• September 29 : Michael Bella , German soccer player
• September 29 : Renato Mastropietro , Italian racing car driver
• September 29th : Marianne Mendt , Austrian singer and actress
• September 29 : Nadezhda Tschischowa , Russian athlete and Olympic champion

Ehud Olmert , 2005

• September 30th : José Manuel Fuente , Spanish cyclist († 1996 )
• September 30th : Yoshiyuki Miyake , former Japanese weightlifter
• September 30 : Ehud Olmert , Israeli politician, Prime Minister 2006–2009
• September 30th : Ralph Siegel , German musician, composer and music producer

October

• 0October 1 : Donny Hathaway , American musician († 1979 )
• 0October 2 : Viktor Anpilov , Russian politician († 2018 )
• 0October 2 : Carl Ludwig Fuchs , German art historian († 2019 )
• 0October 2 : Martin Hellman , American cryptologist
• 0October 2 : Don McLean , American singer and composer
• 0October 3 : Jean-Jacques Kantorow , French violinist and conductor
• 0October 3 : Udo Thomer , German folk actor († 2006 )
• 0October 4 : Klaus Volkenborn , German film director and film producer († 2005 )
• 0October 5th : Brian Connolly , Scottish singer in the group The Sweet († 1997 )
• 0October 5 : Michael Wurm , German lawyer and judge at the Federal Court of Justice († 2016 )
• 0October 7th : Gottfried Amendt , German priest
• 0October 7th : Manfred Ruge , German politician, Lord Mayor of Erfurt
• 0October 7th : Jean-Luc Thérier , French racing car driver († 2019 )
• 0October 8 : Gerhard Zachar , German rock musician († 1978 )
• 0October 9 : Amjad Ali Khan , Indian sarod player, composer and music teacher
• October 10 : Alan Cartwright , British rock musician
• October 10 : Edoardo Reja , Italian football player and coach
• October 11 : Bernhard Hefti , Swiss sculptor († 1995 )
• October 12 : Wolfram Berger , Austrian actor
• October 13 : Desi Bouterse , Surinamese military, coup leader and president
• October 14th : Colin Hodgkinson , British bass player
• October 15th : Juan José Asenjo , Archbishop of Seville
• October 15 : Cardinal Antonio Cañizares Llovera , Archbishop of Toledo and Primate of Spain
  

  Antonio Cañizares Llovera
• October 15 : Klaus Woltron , Austrian entrepreneur, author, columnist, founding member of the Club of Vienna
• October 16 : DD Lewis , American football player
• October 16 : Pascal Sevran , French author, singer and TV show host († 2008 )
• October 18 : Norio Wakamoto , Japanese voice actor
• October 19 : Rozanne Levine , American jazz clarinetist and photographer († 2013 )
• October 20 : Romeo Benetti , Italian football player
• October 20 : Thomas Pasatieri , American composer
• October 22 : Detlef Pirsig , German football player († 2019 )
• October 23 : Rodja Weigand , German author and editor
• October 25 : Wolfgang Kopp , German Brigadier General
• October 26 : Jacob Angadiath , Indian bishop
• October 27 : Arild Andersen , Norwegian jazz bassist
• October 27 : Tina Barney , American photographer
• October 27 : Waltraud Klasnic , Governor of Styria
• October 27 : Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva , Brazilian politician and president
• October 29th : Wilfried Lieck , German table tennis player
• October 30th : Hans-Jakob Schädler , Liechtenstein judoka
• October 30 : Andreas Schmidt-Schaller , German actor
• October 31 : Gustavo Álvarez Gardeazábal , Colombian writer, journalist and politician

November

• 0November 1st : Anthony Sablan Apuron , Archbishop of Agaña
• 0November 2nd : Eckart Haupt , German flautist, university professor and orchestral musician
• 0November 3 : Bernard Anselme , Belgian politician
• 0November 3rd : Gerd Müller , German soccer player and record scorer
  

  Gerd Müller
• 0November 3rd : Nicholas Simper , British musician
• 0November 5th : Joseph Aind , Indian Bishop of Dibrugarh
• 0November 8 : Bill Anoatubby , American politician
• 0November 8 : Vincent Cardinal Nichols , Archbishop of Westminster
• 0November 8 : Angela Scoular , British actress († 2011 )
• 0November 9th : Jos van Immerseel , Belgian harpsichordist
• November 10 : Donna Fargo , American country singer
• November 11th : Helmut Kangulohi Angula , Namibian politician and author
• November 11 : Andrzej Bieżan , Polish composer and pianist († 1983 )
• November 11 : Daniel Ortega , Nicaraguan President
• November 12th : George Eaton , Canadian racing car driver
• November 12 : Neil Young , Canadian rock musician
• November 12 : François Conod , Swiss writer († 2017 )
• November 13th : Knut Riisnæs , Norwegian jazz musician
• November 15 : Roger Donaldson , New Zealand film director, film producer and screenwriter
• November 15th : Anni-Frid Lyngstad , Swedish pop singer, member of the pop group ABBA
  

  Anni-Frid Lyngstad , 1976
• November 17th : Damien Magee , British racing car driver
• November 18 : Mark Tushnet , American civil rights activist
• November 19 : Wolf-Dieter Hasenclever , German politician
• November 21 : Goldie Hawn , American actress
  

  Goldie Hawn , 1989
• November 21 : Karl-Dieter Möller , German television journalist
• November 23 : Dennis Nilsen , described himself as "England's greatest serial killer" († 2018 )
• November 24th : Carlos Malcolm , Cuban composer and pianist
• November 25 : Dominique Bastien , American entrepreneur and racing car driver
• November 25th : Pierre Siegenthaler , Swiss actor and speaker
• November 25th : Apichart Sukhagganond , Thai lawyer
• November 25 : Kent Roland Karlsson , Swedish football player and coach
• November 26th : Enrico Arbarello , Italian mathematician
• November 26 : John McVie , British rock musician
• November 27 : Barbara Anderson , American actress
• November 27th : Alain de Cadenet , British racing car driver, racing team owner and entrepreneur
• November 27th : Waterloo (Hans Kreuzmayr) , Austrian pop musician and pop singer
• November 28 : John William Hargreaves , Australian actor († 1996 )
• November 28 : Georg Volkert , German football player († 2020 )
• November 30th : Hilary Armstrong , British politician
• November 30th : Roger Glover , British bass player and music producer
• November 30th : Radu Lupu , Romanian pianist

December

Bette Midler , 1990

• 0December 1 : Bette Midler , American singer, actress and comedian
• 0December 2nd : Penelope Spheeris , American film director, film producer and screenwriter
• 0December 6 : Ray LaHood , American politician
• 0December 7th : Francis Xavier Ahn Myong-ok , South Korean bishop
• 0December 8 : John Banville , Irish writer and literary critic
• 0December 8th : Maryla Rodowicz , Polish singer
• 0December 8th : Natascha Wodin , German writer
• 0December 9th : Andrew Birkin , British screenwriter and director
• 0December 9th : Holger Geschwindner , German basketball player
• December 10 : Peter Hüttner , Swedish actor and author

Jarno Saarinen

• December 11th : Jarno Saarinen , Finnish motorcycle racer († 1973 )
• December 12th : Luciano Castellini , Italian football player and coach
• December 12 : Massimo Consoli , Italian author († 2007 )
• December 14th : Roque Alberto Avallay , Argentinian soccer player
• December 16 : Jörg Aufenanger , German writer and director
• December 17 : Raban Graf von Westphalen , German political scientist, lawyer and university professor
• December 18 : Matthias Weisheit , German politician († 2004 )
• December 19 : Antoine Salamin , Swiss architect and racing car driver
• December 20 : Peter Criss , American drummer
• December 20 : Arno Schmidt , German politician
• December 21 : Barb Heinz , German sports scientist and handball player
• December 21 : Dietmar Mues , German actor, speaker and author († 2011 )
• December 22nd : Konrad Beikircher , German cabaret artist and musician
• December 22nd : Ursula Haubner , Austrian politician
• December 22nd : Diane Sawyer , American television journalist and presenter
• December 23 : Victor Agbanou , Bishop of Benin
• December 23 : Matti Allan Ahde , Finnish sports official and politician († 2019 )
• December 23 : Georges Aperghis , Greek composer
• December 23 : Raymond Feist , American writer
• December 23 : Adli Mansur , Egyptian politician and lawyer
• December 23 : Maggi Payne , American composer, flautist and music teacher

Lemmy Kilmister with electric guitar (2006)

• December 24th : Lemmy Kilmister , British rock musician, founder of the band Motörhead († 2015 )
• December 24th : Eva María Zuk , Mexican pianist of Polish origin († 2017 )
• December 25 : Hamdan bin Raschid Al Maktum , Arab Minister of Finance and Industry
• December 25th : Nicolas Antiba , Syrian Archbishop
• December 25th : Rick Berman , producer of the Star Trek series and films
• December 25th : Noel Redding , British guitarist and bassist († 2003 )
• December 25 : Ken Stabler , American football player († 2015 )

• December 26 : David R. Holsinger , American composer and music educator
• December 28 : Birendra , King of Nepal († 2001 )
• December 28 : David Allen , American writer, author of " Getting Things Done "
• December 30th : Paola Cacchi , Italian athlete and Olympian
• December 31 : Leonard Adleman , Professor of Computer Science and Molecular Biology
• December 31 : Barbara Carrera , American actress, model

Exact date of birth unknown

• Beate Abraham , German actress
• Bernhard Achterberg , German psychologist, psychotherapist and university lecturer († 1998 )
• Malka Adler , Israeli author, family counselor and lecturer
• Adolfo Assor , Chilean actor, theater director, film director and set designer
• Jesus Asurmendi , French theologian
• Michel Auder , French photographer and filmmaker
• Karl A. Augustesen , Danish astronomer
• Uli Aumüller , German translator and filmmaker
• Gustavo Beytelmann , Argentine tango pianist and composer
• Bernd Birkhahn , German actor
• Brigitte Böttrich , German actress and voice actress
• Sy Brandon , American composer and music educator
• Rainer Büttner , German voice actor and actor († 2017 )
• Patricia Connors , choir director and composer
• Christa Cremer-Renz , German sociologist and political scientist
• Rashid ad-Daʿif , Lebanese author
• Guillermo González , Spanish pianist
• Ludger Heid , German modern historian
• Hans Uwe Hielscher , German organist
• Thomas J. Huelsmann , American trombonist and music teacher
• Max Inzinger , German TV chef
• Omar Khorshid , Egyptian guitarist († 1981 )
• Bob Klose , British photographer and guitarist
• Lutz Köhler , German conductor and university professor
• Volker Koop , German publicist, historian and journalist
• Ekard Lind , Austrian musician and dog educator
• Gisela Mahlmann , German television journalist
• Michael Meszaros , Australian sculptor and medalist
• Rosemary Neering , Canadian journalist and writer
• Klaus Nohlen , German building researcher and building historian
• Mary Novik , Canadian writer
• Marianne Penz-van Stappershoef , Austrian cultural manager
• Jaroslav Poncar , Czech photographer
• Wolfram Rehfeldt , German church musician
• Suad Salih , Egyptian professor of theology
• Gerry Saurer , Austrian football coach and hotelier († 1992 )
• Karl Schulz , German actor and voice actor
• Wolfgang Sobek , German chemist
• Axel Werner , German actor

Died

January

• 0January 5 : Hans Christiansen , German painter and craftsman (* 1866 )

Julius Leber .

• 0January 5 : Julius Leber , German politician and resistance fighter (* 1891 )
• January 10 : Rudolf Borchardt , German writer and translator (* 1877 )
• January 12 : Theodor Kroyer , German musicologist (* 1873 )
• January 13 : Victor Aronstein , German doctor of Jewish origin (* 1896 )
• January 13 : Margaret Deland , American writer (* 1857 )
• January 13 : Max Jungnickel , German writer (* 1890 )
• January 13 : Pál Ranschburg , Hungarian experimental psychologist and psychiatrist (* 1870 )
• January 14 : Peter Wilhelm Millowitsch , German actor and theater director (* 1880 )
• January 16 : Francis Thomas Maloney , American politician (* 1894 )
• January 18 : Marie Andrae , German writer, educator and nurse (* 1854 )
• January 19 : Gustave Marie Maurice Mesny , French major general (* 1886 )
• January 21 : Lucien-Léon Guillaume Lambert , French composer and pianist (* 1858 )
• January 21 : Karel Poláček , Czech writer and journalist (* 1892 )

Else Lasker-Schüler .

• January 22nd : Else Lasker-Schüler , German poet (* 1869 )

Joseph Roth , 1930

• January 22nd : Joseph Roth , German politician and martyr of the Cath. Church (* 1896 )
• January 22nd : Jan Skala , Sorbian publicist and writer (* 1889 )
• January 22nd : Alfred Wolfenstein , expressionist poet, playwright and translator (* 1883 )
• January 23 : Eugen Bolz , German politician and resistance fighter (* 1881 )
• January 23 : Reinhold Frank , German lawyer and resistance fighter (* 1896 )

Helmuth James von Moltke , January 1945

• January 23 : Helmuth James von Moltke , German lawyer and resistance fighter (* 1907 )
• January 24th : Hans Freiherr von Pranckh , Bavarian officer and Austrian Heimwehr leader (* 1888 )
• January 27 : Gideon Klein , Czech composer and pianist (* 1919 )
• January 28 : Rosa Jegorovna Shanina , Soviet sniper in World War II (* 1924 )
• January 29 : Hans Conrad Leipelt , member of the White Rose (* 1921 )
• January 30th : Herbert L. Clarke , American cornetist and composer (* 1867 )
• January 31 : Franz Aschenwald , Austrian skier (* 1913 )
• January 31 : Al Blozis , American football player (born 1919 )
• January 31 : Eddie Slovik , the only US soldier executed for desertion in World War II (* 1920 )

February

• 0February 1 : Petar Gabrowski , Bulgarian politician (* 1898 )
• 0February 1 : Johan Huizinga , Dutch cultural historian (* 1872 )
• 0February 2 : Alfred Delp , German resistance fighter against National Socialism (* 1907 )

Carl Friedrich Goerdeler , 1925

• 0February 2 : Carl Friedrich Goerdeler , German politician and resistance fighter (* 1884 )
• 0February 2 : Friedrich Schirmer , Mayor of Bunzlau and Lord Mayor of Wittenberg (* 1859 )
• 0February 3 : Kurt Apitz , German pathologist and university professor (* 1906 )
• 0February 3 : Roland Freisler , judge and president of the People's Court (* 1893 )
• 0February 3 : José Rolón , Mexican composer (* 1876 )
• 0February 4th : Michel Doré , French racing car driver (* 1892 )
• 0February 4th : Cecil Kimber , English automobile designer (* 1888 )
• 0February 5 : Hermann Danz , KPD politician and resistance fighter (* 1906 )
• 0February 6 : István Tóth-Potya , Hungarian football player and coach (* 1891 )
• February 10 : Richard Karutz , German doctor and ethnologist (* 1867 )
• February 13 : Karl Paul Andrae , German architect and artist (* 1886 )
• February 14 : Karl Prinz , Austrian classical philologist (* 1872 )
• February 17 : Ed Kahn , American football player (born 1911 )
• February 20 : Willem Karel Mertens , Dutch doctor and hygienist (* 1893 )
• February 21 : Leonhard Adelt , German bookseller, writer and journalist (* 1881 )
• February 21 : Karl Auer , German football player (* 1898 )
• February 22nd : Heinrich Angermeier , German politician (* 1884 )
• February 22nd : Anne Marie Carl-Nielsen , Danish sculptor (* 1863 )
• February 23 : Rudolf Lange , Commander of the Security Police and SD (KdS) (* 1910 )
• February 24 : Nicolas Maurice Arthus , French physiologist (* 1862 )
• February 24th : Josef Mayr-Nusser , victim of National Socialism and blessed of the Catholic Church (* 1910 )
• February 25 : Mário Raúl de Morais Andrade , Brazilian writer and poet (* 1893 )
• February 25 : Paul Merker , German literary historian (* 1881 )
• February 26 : Max Geißler , German editor and writer (* 1868 )
• February 26 : Louis Ziercke , German painter and graphic artist (* 1887 )
• 00.February: Damase DuBuisson , Canadian singer and actor (* 1879 )

March

• 0March 1 : Eduard Ludwig Alexander , German politician (* 1881 )

Emily Carr

• 0March 2 : Emily Carr , Canadian painter and writer (* 1871 )
• 0March 3 : Annemarie von Auerswald , German canon, writer and museum director (* 1876 )
• 0March 3 : René Biolay , French racing driver (* 1902 )
• 0March 3 : William M. Calder , American politician (* 1869 )
• 0March 4 : Charles Bryan , American politician (* 1867 )
• 0March 4 : Harry Chauvel , Australian general (* 1865 )
• 0March 5 : Hasso von Boehmer , Lieutenant Colonel in the General Staff (* 1904 )
• 0March 6 : Milena Pavlović-Barili , Yugoslav painter and poet (* 1909 )
• 0March 7th : Adolf Bartels , German writer and literary historian (* 1862 )
• 0March 7th : Albrecht Penck , German geographer and geologist (* 1858 )
• March 12 : Karl Gander , German teacher and local researcher (* 1855 )
• March 12th : Ernst Moritz Roth , vicar and opponent of the National Socialists (* 1902 )
• March 13 : Guus van Hecking-Colenbrander , Dutch football player (* 1887 )
• March 13 : Johanna Tesch , German politician (* 1875 )
• March 14 : Francisco Braga , Brazilian composer (* 1868 )
• March 15 : Henry Victor , British-American actor (* 1892 )
• March 16 : Pierre Drieu la Rochelle , French writer (* 1893 )
• March 16 : Börries Freiherr von Münchhausen , German poet and writer (* 1874 )
• March 18 : William Grover-Williams , British-French racing car driver and SOE spy (* 1903 )
• March 19 : Willem Jan Aalders , Dutch theologian (* 1870 )
• March 19 : Georges André , French winter sports enthusiast (* 1876 )
• March 19 : Franz Xaver Josef Maria Augsberger , Austrian SS Brigade Leader and Major General (* 1905 )
• March 19 : Marcel Callo , French youth worker and Nazi victim (* 1921 )
• March 20 : Erhard Auer , German politician (* 1874 )
• March 21 : Arthur Nebe , Head of the Reich Criminal Police Office (* 1894 )
• March 24th : Robert Dauber , German cellist and composer (* 1922 )
• March 26 : David Lloyd George , British politician and head of government (* 1863 )
• March 27 : Georg Angermaier , German lawyer, political scientist and resistance fighter (* 1913 )
• March 27 : Carl Auffenberg , German lawyer and politician (* 1873 )
• March 27 : Halid Ziya Uşaklıgil , Turkish writer (* 1866 )
• March 29 : Jack Charles Stanmore Agazarian , Armenian-French-British agent (* 1916 )
• March 29 : Oscar Louis Auf der Heide , American politician (* 1874 )
• March 30th : Friedrich Wilhelm Mader , German writer (* 1866 )

Hans Fischer (1930)

• March 31 : Hans Fischer , German chemist (* 1881 )
• 00.March: Joseph Fournier de Belleval , Canadian singer and singing teacher (* 1892 )

April

• 0April 2 : Vilmos Apor , Hungarian bishop (* 1892 )
• 0April 2 : Chris Lebeau , Dutch artist and anarchist (* 1878 )

Käthe Kollwitz

Special stamp for the 100th birthday of Georg Elser (2003)

• 0April 4th : Karl Astel , German "race researcher" and "race hygienist" (* 1898 )
• 0April 4 : Jean Burger , French communist and resistance fighter (* 1907 )
• 0April 4 : Anton Schott , Austrian writer (* 1866 )
• 0April 5 : Karl Otto Koch , camp commandant of the Buchenwald concentration camp and the Majdanek concentration camp (* 1897 )
• 0April 6 : Heinrich Bulle , German archaeologist (* 1867 )
• 0April 7th : Kōsaku Aruga , Japanese admiral (* 1897 )
• 0April 7 : Elizabeth Charlotte Lucy Asquith , British writer and Princess Bibesco de Brancovan (* 1897 )
• 0April 8 : Julius Adler , German politician (* 1894 )
• 0April 8 : Melitta Schenk Countess von Stauffenberg , German aviator and engineer (* 1903 )
• 0April 8 : Lizzi Waldmüller , Austrian actress and singer (* 1904 )
• 0April 8 : Josef Weinträger , Austrian poet (* 1892 )
• 0April 9 : Otto Antonius , Austrian zoologist and paleontologist (* 1885 )

Dietrich Bonhoeffer , 1939

• 0April 9 : Dietrich Bonhoeffer , German Protestant theologian (* 1906 )

Wilhelm Canaris , 1940

• 0April 9 : Wilhelm Canaris , German admiral and chief of the Abwehr (* 1887 )

Hans von Dohnanyi (German postage stamp, 2002)

• 0April 9 : Hans von Dohnanyi , German resistance fighter (* 1902 )
• 0April 9 : Georg Elser , German resistance fighter (* 1903 )
• 0April 9 : Theodor Haecker , German cultural critic and representative of intellectual resistance (* 1879 )
• 0April 9 : Hans Oster , German professional officer and resistance fighter (* 1887 )
• 0April 9 : Karl Sack , German lawyer and resistance fighter (* 1896 )
• April 10 : Václav Dobiáš , Czech resistance fighter (* 1920 )
• April 10 : Johan de Haas , Dutch author and anarchist (* 1897 )
• April 11 : Wilhelm Beyer , German politician (* 1885 )
• April 11 : Gustav Frenssen , German writer (* 1863 )

Franklin D. Roosevelt , 1933

• April 12 : Franklin D. Roosevelt , 32nd President of the USA (* 1882 )
• April 12 : Emil Stepanek , Austrian film architect (* 1895 )
• April 13 : Ernst Cassirer , German philosopher (* 1874 )
• April 13 : Robert N. Stanfield , American politician (* 1877 )
• April 13 : Aarne Michaël Tallgren , Finnish prehistorian (* 1885 )
• April 15 : Robert Anasch , German communist resistance fighter (* 1907 )
• April 16 : Fritz Adam , German politician (* 1889 )
• April 16 : Theodor Andresen , German building contractor and resistance fighter (* 1907 )
• April 17 : Robert Luther , chemist (* 1868 )
• April 18 : Wilhelm zu Wied , Prince of Albania (* 1876 )
• April 21 : Walter Model German Army Officer, Field Marshal General in the Third Reich (* 1891)
• April 22nd : Leandro Arpinati , Italian politician and sports official (* 1892 )
• April 22 : Käthe Kollwitz , German graphic artist and sculptor (* 1867 )
• April 23 : Hans Ahlgrimm , Austrian composer and violinist (* 1904 )
• April 23 : Klaus Bonhoeffer , German lawyer and resistance fighter (* 1901 )
• April 23 : Albrecht Graf von Bernstorff , diplomat and resistance fighter (* 1890 )
• April 23 : Albrecht Haushofer , German geographer, diplomat and writer (* 1903 )
• April 23 : Otto Hübener , German resistance fighter (* 1891 )
• April 23 : Friedrich Justus Perels , German resistance fighter (* 1910 )
• April 23 : Rüdiger Schleicher , resistance fighter against National Socialism (* 1895 )
• April 24th : Hans Koch , German lawyer and resistance fighter (* 1893 )
• April 24th : Hermann Marchand , German lawyer and urban developer (* 1864 )
• April 25 : Humbert Achamer-Pifrader , SS-Standartenführer (* 1900 )
• April 26 : Albert Arnheiter , German rower (* 1890 )
• April 26 : Kaspar Aßhoff , German association official (* 1898 )
• April 26 : Paul Ritterbusch , German lawyer and National Socialist (* 1900 )
• April 27 : Gerhart Rodenwaldt , German archaeologist (* 1886 )
• April 28 : Gustav Abb , German librarian (* 1886 )

Benito Mussolini

• April 28 : Benito Mussolini , Italian dictator, founder of fascism (* 1883 )
• April 28 : Clara Petacci , beloved Benito Mussolini (* 1912 )

Portrait of Adolf Hitler, 1937

• April 30th : Adolf Hitler , German Chancellor, dictator (* 1889 )
• April 30 : Eva Braun , wife of Adolf Hitler (* 1912 )
• 00.April: Arthur Dizier , Belgian anti-fascist, shot while trying to escape in April (* 1919 )

May

Joseph Goebbels

• 0May 1 : Joseph Goebbels , German politician and minister of propaganda (* 1897 ), as well as his wife Magda Goebbels (* 1901 ) and their children: Helga (* 1932), Hilde (* 1934), Helmut (* 1935), Holde (* 1937), Hedda (* 1938) and Heide (* 1940)
• 0May 1 : René Lalique , French designer (* 1860 )
• 0May 1st : Hans Krebs , German officer, most recently General of the Infantry (* 1898 )
• 0May 1 : Wilhelm Burgdorf , German officer and chief adjutant of the Wehrmacht High Command (* 1895 )
• 0May 2 : Martin Bormann , head of the party chancellery of the NSDAP (* 1900 )
• 0May 2 : Marianne Grunthal , German teacher, Nazi victim (* 1896 )
• 0May 2 : Walter Hewel , standard bearer during the Hitler putsch (* 1904 )
• 0May 2 : Karel Hiršl , Czechoslovak resistance fighter (* 1922 )
• 0May 2 : Paul Korff , German builder and architect (*  1875 )
• 0May 2 : Friedo Lampe , German writer (* 1899 )
• 0May 2 : Ludwig Stumpfegger , German attending physician on the staff of the Reich Chancellor (* 1910 )
• 0May 3 : Dietloff von Arnim , German local politician (* 1876 )
• 0May 3 : Ernst Lehmann , SPD politician and resistance fighter (* 1908 )
• 0May 4 : Hans Avé-Lallemant , German company director (* 1888 )
• 0May 4 : Fedor von Bock , German field marshal (* 1880 )
• 0May 4 : Peter Hütgens , German politician and member of the Reichstag (* 1891 )
• 0May 6 : Richard Arthur Aster , German SA leader (* 1900 )
• 0May 7th : Ludwig Anton Adlon , German hotelier (* 1874 )
• 0May 7 : Jakob Sprenger , National Socialist politician (* 1884 )
• 0May 8th : Swami Sri Ananda Acharya , Indian philosophy professor, yogi, guru and poet (* 1881 )
• 0May 8 : Hansi Arnstaedt , German theater and film actress (* 1878 )
• 0May 8 : Rudolf von Sebottendorf , adventurer, impostor, founder of the Thule Society (* 1875 )
• 0May 8 : Paul Giesler , German politician (* 1895 )
• 0May 8 : Hugo Richard Küttner , German entrepreneur and rayon producer (* 1879 )
• 0May 9 : Fritz Fink , German writer, bookseller and local researcher (* 1893 )
• May 10 : Richard Glücks , head of the inspection of the concentration camps (* 1889 )
• May 10 : Konrad Henlein , leader of the Sudeten German National Socialists (* 1898 )
• May 10 : Fritz Wehrmann , German sailor and Nazi victim (* 1919 )
• May 11 : William von Simpson , German writer (* 1881 )
• May 12 : Achmed Abdullah , American writer and screenwriter (* 1881 )
• May 13 : Friedrich Amreich , German politician (* 1895 )
• May 13 : Albert Jodlbauer , German physician, pharmacologist and toxicologist (* 1871 )
• May 14 : Wilhelm Murr , National Socialist politician (* 1888 )
• May 15 : Kenneth J. Alford , British composer (* 1881 )
• May 15 : Theodor Heinrich Bongartz , German SS Oberscharführer and head of the crematorium in the Dachau concentration camp (* 1902 )
• May 15 : Carl Küchler , German travel writer (* 1869 )
• May 15 : Edoardo Teagno , Italian racing car driver (* 1902 )
• May 15 : Hermann Thorade , German oceanographer (* 1881 )
• May 20 : Alexander Fersman , Russian-Soviet mineralogist, geochemist and crystallographer (* 1883 )
• May 21 : Hans Adlhoch , German politician (* 1884 )

Heinrich Himmler, 1942

• May 23 : Heinrich Himmler , Reichsführer SS (* 1900 )
• May 24th : Martin Onslow Forster , British chemist (* 1872 )
• May 24 : Robert Ritter von Greim , German Field Marshal General (* 1892 )
• May 25 : Otto Abeles , Austrian journalist, writer and music critic (* 1879 )
• May 27 : Pieter van Romburgh , Dutch chemist and university professor (* 1855 )
• May 31 : Odilo Globocnik , SS and police leader, organized the extermination camps (* 1904 )
• May 31 : Friedrich Sarre , German orientalist and archaeologist (* 1865 )

June

• 0June 4th : Georg Kaiser , German playwright of Expressionism (* 1878 )
• 0June 4 : Herbert Thörl , German businessman and chemist (* 1889 )
• 06 June : Edith Rebecca Saunders , British geneticist (* 1865 )
• June 14 : Grigori Borissowitsch Adamow , Russian writer (* 1886 )
• June 16 : Nikolai Erastowitsch Bersarin , first Soviet city commander of Berlin (* 1904 )
• June 16 : Aris Velouchiotis , leader of the Greek People's Liberation Army ELAS (* 1905 )
• June 13 : Herbert Albrecht , German politician of the NSDAP (* 1900 )
• June 15 : Friedrich von Lindequist , German governor of German South West Africa (* 1862 )
• June 20 : Bruno Frank , German writer (* 1887 )
• June 20 : Stanislav Novák , Czech violinist (* 1890 )
• June 23 : James Graves Scrugham , American politician (* 1880 )
• June 26 : Ernö Rapée , Hungarian-American pianist, composer and conductor (* 1891 )
• June 26 : Nikolai Nikolajewitsch Tscherepnin , Russian composer (* 1873 )
• June 27 : Emil Hácha , Czech politician and President of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (* 1872 )
• June 28 : Gustav Heinrich Angenheister , German geophysicist (* 1878 )
• June 29 : Anton Graf von Arco auf Valley , German nobleman, lawyer and assassin (* 1897 )
• June 30th : Ernst Anding , German astronomer (* 1860 )

July

• 0July 3 : Achmad Mochtar , Indonesian molecular biologist (* 1890 )
• 0July 5 : John Curtin , Australian Prime Minister (* 1885 )

Adolf Cardinal Bertram

• 0July 6th : Adolf Bertram , German Archbishop of Breslau (* 1859 )
• July 10 : Otakar Hřímalý , Czech composer (* 1883 )
• July 10 : Viggo Kihl , Canadian pianist and music teacher (* 1882 )
• July 12th : Wolfram Freiherr von Richthofen , German Field Marshal General (* 1895 )
• July 13 : Emmanuel Bove , French writer (* 1898 )
• July 13 : Alla Nazimova , Russian-American actress (* 1879 )
• July 17 : Ernst Busch , German Field Marshal General (* 1885 )
• July 19 : Franz Aigner , Austrian physicist (* 1882 )
• July 19 : Karl Aschoff , German pharmacist (* 1867 )
• July 19 : Heinrich Wölfflin , Swiss art historian (* 1864 )
• July 20 : Paul Valéry , French poet of Corsican-Italian descent (* 1871 )
• July 21 : Johannes Jessen , German Bible translator (* 1880 )
• July 24th : Rosina Storchio , Italian opera singer (* 1872 )
• July 25th : Maria Bonardi , Italian nun and founder (* 1864 )
• July 28 : Margot Asquith , British writer (* 1864 )
• July 31 : Hans Nirrnheim , German historian and archivist (* 1865 )

August

• 0August 2 : Pietro Mascagni , Italian composer (* 1863 )
• 0August 4th : Gerhard Gentzen , German mathematician (* 1909 )
• 0August 6 : Hiram Johnson , American politician (* 1866 )
• 0August 9 : Lloyd Burdick , American football player (born 1908 )
• 0August 9 : Harry Hillman , American athlete and Olympic champion (* 1881 )

Robert Goddard .

• August 10 : Robert Goddard , American scientist (* 1882 )
• August 12 : George Sidney Arundale , Anglo-Indian Freemason and theosophist (* 1878 )
• August 12 : Karl Leisner , martyr of the Catholic Church (* 1915 )
• August 13 : Georges Berguer , Swiss Protestant clergyman and university professor (* 1873 )
• August 15 : Korechika Anami , Japanese general and army minister (* 1887 )
• August 17 : Stanley Gardner , Canadian pianist and music teacher (* 1890 )
• August 17 : Shimaki Kensaku , Japanese writer (* 1903 )
• August 17th : Fritz Weege , German archaeologist and Etruscanologist (* 1880 )
• August 20 : Amakasu Masahiko , Japanese lieutenant (* 1891 )
• August 20 : Alexander Roda Roda , Austrian writer and publicist (* 1872 )
• August 22 : Arnaldo D'Espósito , Argentine composer, conductor, pianist and music teacher (* 1907 )
• August 22 : Roland Scholl , Swiss chemist (* 1865 )
• August 23 : Martin Frederick Ansel , American politician (* 1850 )
• August 26 : Franz Werfel , Austrian writer (* 1890 )
• August 29 : Hans Hausrath , German forest scientist (* 1866 )
• August 29 : Fritz Pfleumer , German-Austrian engineer (* 1881 )
• August 31 : Stefan Banach , Polish mathematician (* 1892 )
• 000August: Hans Joachim Wolfgang Abshagen , German officer in the Wehrmacht (* 1897 )

September

• 0September 5 : Joachim von Amsberg , German general (* 1869 )
• 0September 6 : Josef Pfitzner , German historian and professor of Eastern European history (* 1901 )
• 0September 7th : Harry Kuneman , Dutch football player (* 1886 )
• September 10 : Väinö Raitio , Finnish composer (* 1891 )
• September 10 : Hugo Steiner-Prag , Austrian-German illustrator, book designer and educator (* 1880 )
• September 12 : Karl Alexander Maximilian von Asseburg-Neindorf , German manor owner, administrative officer and parliamentarian (* 1874 )
• September 14th : Wilhelm Krieger , German sculptor (* 1877 )
• September 15 : Anton Webern , Austrian composer (* 1883 )

Clyde L. Herring .

• September 15 : Clyde L. Herring , American politician (* 1879 )
• September 16 : John McCormack , Irish opera singer (* 1884 )
• September 17th : Charles Spearman , British psychologist (* 1863 )
• September 18 : Arnold Ræstad , Norwegian historian and 1921 Foreign Minister (* 1878 )
• September 19 : Paul Scheurich , German painter, graphic artist and small sculptor (* 1883 )
• September 20 : William Buehler Seabrook , American writer (* 1884 )
• September 21 : Aleksander Antson , Estonian writer (* 1899 )
• September 22 : Heinrich Wolfgang Seidel , German pastor and writer (* 1876 )

Hans Geiger .

• September 24th : Hans Geiger , German physicist (* 1882 )
• September 25 : Rudolf Krauss , German Germanist and literary historian (* 1861 )
• September 26 : Richard Beer-Hofmann , Austrian playwright and poet (* 1866 )

Béla Bartók , 1927

• September 26 : Béla Bartók , Hungarian composer (* 1881 )
• September 26th : Alexander Chanschonkov , Russian pioneer of the film industry (* 1877 )
• September 26 : Miki Kiyoshi , Japanese philosopher (* 1897 )
• September 27th : Louis Oscar Amoëdo y Valdes , Cuban doctor and dentist, founder of modern forensic dentistry (* 1863 )

October

• 0October 3 : Bernd von Arnim , Prussian politician (* 1868 )
• 0October 4 : Geraldine Moodie , Canadian photographer (* 1854 )
• 0October 6 : Leonardo Conti , head of the Reich Medical Association (* 1900 )
• 0October 8 : Felix Salten , Austrian writer (* 1869 )
• 0October 9 : Susukida Kyūkin , Japanese poet and essayist (* 1877 )
• October 13 : Milton S. Hershey , American entrepreneur, founder of the Hershey Chocolate Company (* 1857 )
• October 14 : Karl Hayd , Austrian painter and graphic artist (* 1882 )
• October 15 : Karl Alwin , German conductor (* 1891 )
• October 15 : Kinoshita Mokutarō , Japanese writer and doctor (* 1885 )
• October 15 : Pierre Laval , French Prime Minister (* 1883 )
• October 16 : Franz Winkler , Austrian politician (* 1890 )
• October 18 : Hayama Yoshiki , Japanese writer (* 1894 )
• October 19 : Plutarco Elías Calles , Mexican politician and officer (* 1877 )
• October 21 : Henry Armetta , Italian-American actor (* 1888 )
• October 22 : Paul Goerens , German professor and metallurgist (* 1882 )
• October 24 : Vidkun Quisling , Norwegian politician and officer (* 1887 )
• October 24 : Hans Thuar , German painter (* 1887 )
• October 25 : Robert Ley , leading Nazi politician (* 1890 )

November

• 0November 2 : William Reed , Canadian organist and composer (* 1859 )
• 0November 6 : Eugene Cook Bingham , American chemist and pioneer of modern rheology (* 1878 )
• 0November 7th : Isaac Anken , Swiss politician (* 1885 )
• 0November 8 : August von Mackensen , Prussian Field Marshal General (* 1849 )
• 0November 9 : Frank Hutchison , American old-time musician (* 1897 )
• November 10 : John W. Thomas , American politician (* 1874 )
• November 11 : Jerome David Kern , American composer (* 1885 )
• November 12 : George B. Martin , American politician (* 1876 )
• November 13 : Rudolf Albert August Wilhelm Asmis , German lawyer and diplomat (* 1879 )
• November 13 : Josef Eichheim , German theater and film actor (* 1888 )
• November 16 : Sigurður Eggerz , Icelandic Prime Minister and Minister of Finance (* 1875 )
• November 20 : Francis William Aston , English physicist (* 1877 )
• November 24th : Bruno Louis Schaefer , German lawyer and senator in Hamburg (* 1860 )
• November 26 : Albert Heinrich Friedrich Wilhelm Holle , German politician (* 1866 )
• November 27 : Robert Zahn , German archaeologist and director of the Berlin Collection of Antiquities (* 1870 )
• November 29 : Feliks Władysław Starczewski , Polish composer (* 1868 )

December

• 0December 1 : Harvey Bartlett Gaul , American composer and organist (* 1881 )
• 0December 1 : Conrad Heese , lawyer and judiciary (* 1872 )
• 0December 1 : Ernst von Carnap-Quernheimb , German Africa explorer (* 1863 )

Adam Stegerwald

• 0December 3 : Adam Stegerwald , co-founder of the Christian trade unions in Germany (* 1874 )
• 0December 4 : Wolfgang Golther , German Germanist and literary historian (* 1863 )

Thomas Hunt Morgan , 1891

• 0December 4 : Thomas Hunt Morgan , American geneticist (* 1866 )
• 0December 5 : Bella Ouellette , Canadian actress (* 1886 )
• 0December 6th : Fritz Adam , German journalist and poet (* 1906 )
• 0December 6 : Max Bendix , American violinist and conductor (* 1866 )
• 0December 6th : Leonhard Ragaz , Swiss theologian (* 1868 )
• 0December 6th : Hans Schöttler , Protestant clergyman (* 1861 )
• 0December 8th : Giulio Cesare Antamoro , Italian film director (* 1877 )
• 0December 8th : Alfred Marxer , Swiss painter and graphic artist (* 1876 )
• 0December 8 : Alexander Siloti , Russian pianist, composer and conductor (* 1863 )
• 0December 9 : Hans Dominik , German engineer and science fiction author (* 1872 )
• December 13 : Johanna Bormann , guard in various concentration camps (* 1893 )
• December 13 : Friedrich Oltmanns , German botanist (* 1860 )
• December 13 : Galka Scheyer , German-American painter, art dealer and art collector (* 1889 )
• December 14 : Constantino Gaito , Argentine composer (* 1878 )
• December 14 : Adolf Jutz , German painter and draftsman (* 1887 )
• December 15 : Emerson Harrington , American politician (* 1864 )
• December 15 : Tobias Matthay , British music teacher, pianist and composer (* 1858 )
• December 16 : Giovanni Agnelli , Italian entrepreneur (* 1866 )
• December 19 : John Amery , British fascist (* 1912 )
• December 19 : Hermann Andert , German paleontologist, geologist and bank director (* 1879 )
• December 19 : Paul Christiaan Flu , Surinamese tropical medicine doctor (* 1884 )
• December 21 : George S. Patton , American general (* 1885 )
• December 22nd : Otto Neurath , Austrian philosopher, sociologist and economist (* 1882 )
• December 24th : Franz Ignaz Amann , Liechtenstein politician (* 1862 )
• December 24th : Max Amann , German swimmer and water polo player (* 1905 )
• December 25 : Rabod von Kröcher , German show jumper, Olympic medalist (* 1880 )
• December 25 : Albert Hahl , German colonial official (* 1868 )
• December 26 : Duy Tân , eleventh emperor of the Vietnamese Nguyễn dynasty (* 1900 )
• December 27 : Janko Jesenský , Slovak writer (* 1874 )
• December 28 : Theodore Dreiser , American writer (* 1871 )

Exact date of death unknown

• Karl Ferdinand Abt , German politician (* 1903 )
• Elisabeth Andrae , German painter (* 1876 )
• Erik Hans Karl von Arnim , German manor owner and court official (* 1873 )
• Blanche Arral , Belgian opera singer (* 1864 )
• August Friedrich Ferdinand Asmus , German local historian and genealogist (* 1859 )
• Karl Aulitzky , Austrian classical philologist and high school teacher (* 1891 )
• Erich R. Döbrich- Steglitz, German military painter (* 1896 )
• Anne Frank , Jewish, made famous by her diaries (* 1929 )
• Mary Antonine Goodchild , American music teacher (* 1873 )
• Henri Letocart , French organist and composer (* 1866 )
• Regino López , Cuban actor, director and singer (* 1861 )
• Erich Orthmann , German composer (* 1894 )
• Károly Pap , Hungarian writer, died after January 31, probably in Bergen-Belsen (* 1897 )
• Hossein Pirnia , Iranian Member of Parliament and President of Parliament for many years (* 1875 )
• Heinz Schubert , German composer (* 1908 )
• Franz Sedlacek , German-Austrian painter, missing in Poland (* 1891 )
• Leo Steinweg , German motorcycle racer (* 1906 )
• Heinz Wehner , German jazz musician (* 1908 )
• Erik Widmark , Swedish chemist (* 1889 )

literature

• Hamburg Institute for Social Research (Ed.): 200 days and 1 century. Violence and destructiveness in the mirror of 1945. Hamburger Edition, Hamburg 1995, ISBN 3-930908-02-6 .

Web links

Commons : 1945  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Annual chronicle of the House of History of the FRG

Individual evidence

1. ^ Military certificate of surrender on documentarchiv.de.