Heinsberg

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Heinsberg
Heinsberg
Map of Germany, position of the city of Heinsberg highlighted

Coordinates: 51 ° 4 ′  N , 6 ° 6 ′  E

Basic data
State : North Rhine-Westphalia
Administrative region : Cologne
Circle : Heinsberg
Height : 76 m above sea level NHN
Area : 92.21 km 2
Residents: 42,236 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 458 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 52525
Primaries : 02452, 02453
License plate : HS, ERK, GK
Community key : 05 3 70 016
LOCODE : DE HEG
City structure: 13 city ​​districts , 10 districts

City administration address : 		Apfelstrasse 60
52525 Heinsberg
Website : www.heinsberg.de
Mayor : Wolfgang Dieder ( CDU )
Location of the city of Heinsberg in the Heinsberg district
Niederlande Kreis Düren Kreis Viersen Mönchengladbach Rhein-Erft-Kreis Rhein-Kreis Neuss Städteregion Aachen Erkelenz Gangelt Geilenkirchen Heinsberg Hückelhoven Selfkant Übach-Palenberg Waldfeucht Wassenberg Wegbergmap
About this picture

Heinsberg is the eponymous district town of the Heinsberg district , the westernmost district in Germany , and is located in the Cologne administrative district of North Rhine-Westphalia .

geography

In the Heinsberger Land

Heinsberg is located around 32 km southwest of Mönchengladbach and around 35 km north of Aachen on the south-western edge of the Rur valley, which widens here in the shape of a funnel towards the Netherlands. The Rur is several kilometers northeast of the city border with the neighboring cities of Hückelhoven and Wassenberg , before flowing over the state border into the Netherlands near the district of Karken . The Wurm, which flows into the Rur near Kempen, also passes through the urban area . The highest point in the urban area at 85  m above sea level. NN is located south of Straeten on the city limits to Geilenkirchen , the lowest at 28  m above sea level. NN north of Karken on the Dutch border.

geology

The current shape of the Heinsberger Land was largely shaped in the Pleistocene and Holocene . The soils consist mainly of Meuse and Rhine gravel, in the upper soil layers Rhine rubble dominates. Loess was later blown in and deposited as a gently undulating blanket. To the west of the worm, the loess is mostly converted to gravel loam. Erosion along small rivers shaped today's soil relief . A geological fault runs near the border with the Netherlands in the west . From this fault line, clods of earth have sunk in staggered steps to the northeast towards the Rur. The worm follows the clod slope. In the northeast, the urban area has a share of the Rur Valley, which here consists of clay and silt areas with gravel underneath, and in the southwest of the Geilenkirchen clay plate.

The Rurgraben, which was created in the Tertiary and in which the Rur flows in the urban area, is part of one of the most geologically and tectonically active regions in Germany. The Rurrand fault is the border between two large floes, namely the Rur plaice in the west and the Venlo plaice in the east, and one of the main faults in the Lower Rhine Bay. The movement of the clods of earth repeatedly leads to earthquakes , the most severe in recent times took place on April 13, 1992 with the center in Herkenbosch , municipality of Roerdalen , in the Netherlands. Its magnitude of 5.9 on the Richter scale exceeded that of all other earthquakes in Central Europe since the Düren earthquake in 1756 .

Waters

The Wurm flows into the Rur near Kempen

In addition to the Rur and Wurm , the Liecker Bach , also called Stadtbach , flows through Heinsberg. Its headwaters are near Oberlieck, west of Heinsberg, and in the further course it is also fed by springs near the cloister courtyard. The body of water, called Junge Wurm , divides into two streams between Kempen and Karken . The right part flows in a north-northeast direction to the Rur, into which it flows less than a kilometer east of Karken. The left Mühlenbach, on the other hand, flows on the eastern edge of Karken north-northwest parallel to the Rur, joins north of Karken at the Wolfhagermühle with the Schaafbach, which further down the valley on Dutch territory south of Vlodrop also reaches the Rur from the left.

The Vongelaaker Bach rises in the former quarry between Heinsberg and Schafhausen. It flows into the Junge Wurm near Theberath, after lowering the groundwater level it now hardly has any water.

Until the Second World War , the Mühlenbach , also called Junge Wurm or Kleine Wurm , ran through Heinsberg and its city center , a left-hand canal built in the Middle Ages, which branched off the Wurm upstream at Randerath. It then moved at the left foot of the slope of the Wurmtal via Horst, Porselen, Dremmen and Schafhausen in the direction of Heinsberg and drove a dozen watermills with a total gradient of 26 meters between Randerath and Karken. According to Tranchot 's map from the first decades of the 19th century , it ran between Schafhausen and Heinsberg directly below the Klevchen steep slope and fed a mill east of the Kirchberg which was located between today's streets Im Klevchen and Schafhausener Straße. Then he entered the fortified urban area between Burgberg and today's Protestant church, followed Josefstrasse and then drove the town mill opposite the corner of Josefstrasse and Hochstrasse, which was documented from 1307. In 1905 the dams were removed. Below the Stadtmühle, the Junge Wurm crossed the urban area between Apfelstrasse and Hochstrasse and then left the city west of the corner of Liecker Strasse and Stiftsstrasse heading north. The bombing raids in the last world war destroyed the canal bed in the city center; it has not been repaired.

The Teichbach , also called Erlenbach , a mill pond , is derived from the Rur near Linnich, runs a little way along the northeastern edge of today's urban area and flows back into the Rur at Bleckden on the Schanz (Oberbruch).

Neighboring communities

The following cities and municipalities border the city of Heinsberg, called clockwise: Wassenberg , Hückelhoven , Geilenkirchen , Gangelt , Waldfeucht (all district of Heinsberg) and Gemeente Roerdalen (province of Limburg ).

City structure

Since the municipal reorganization that took place on January 1, 1972, the city of Heinsberg has included the districts of Aphoven, Baumen , Berg, Bleckden, Boverath, Donselen, Dorath, Dremmen , Erpen, Eschweiler , Grebben , Heinsberg, Herb, Himmerich, Horst and Hülhoven in addition to Heinsberg itself , Karken , Kempen, Kirchhoven , Laffeld , Lieck , Oberlieck, Oberbruch , Porselen , Pütt, Randerath , Schafhausen , Scheifendahl, Schleiden , Straeten , Uetterath , Unterbruch , Vinn and Waldenrath.

Townships

Districts of Heinsberg according to the main statute are:

history

After the Second World War , a Roman road was found about 100 cm below the current course of the elevated road, which based on coin finds could be dated to AD 98-117.

During excavations in the provost church , graves from the pre-Franconian period were found, which provide an indication of the time when Heinsberg was first settled. Its center was probably initially in the area of ​​today's castle and church hill . This area is one of the largest still preserved moths in the Rhineland . A natural spur rising up on the edge of the Rur valley was divided by double excavation, namely into the castle hill and the church hill. The castle hill is also likely to have been increased significantly. The Lords of Heinsberg built their seat on the castle hill, a Randhausburg . An artificially created moat separated the outer bailey from the main castle , and the parish and later collegiate church of St.Gangolf was built on this site.

Goswin I, who is mentioned as such from 1085, is considered the first of the Lords of Heinsberg . In addition to that of Heinsberg, he also ruled Valkenburg east of Maastricht and was married to Oda von Walbeck , who founded the Heinsberg Gangolfus monastery. Goswin II, son of the aforementioned, donated the Premonstratensian monastery in Heinsberg. For years he had the imperial fiefs of Gangelt and Richterich, which King Konrad III gave him . but withdrew. However, Goswin refused to hand it over, whereupon Duke Heinrich von Limburg destroyed Heinsberg in 1144 on the orders of King.

The Burgberg in Heinsberg, seen from the Kirchberg in February 2011. The construction work in the moat serves to convert the Lennartz house into a museum building.

The first mention of Heinsberg as a town can be found in a document from Heinrich von Sponheim , Herr von Heinsberg, and his wife Agnes von Heinsberg from 1255. The Lords of Heinsberg were able to maintain their independence by referring to the respective supremacy on the Lower Rhine: until 1288 ( Battle of Worringen ) to Kurköln, then to Brabant, from 1371 ( Battle of Baesweiler ) to Jülich and since the beginning of the 15th century to Brabant / Burgundy. The Lords of Heinsberg died out in the male line with Johann IV in 1448. Through his daughter Johanna, who married Johann II. Count von Nassau-Saarbrücken in 1456 , and their daughter Elisabeth, who married Wilhelm III (IV.) Duke of Jülich and Berg in 1472 , the rule of Heinsberg came to the Duchy of Jülich-Berg . In 1484 the area was incorporated into the duchy as a separate office. The castle was then the seat of the ducal administration. In 1543 imperial troops took Heinsberg in the Third War of the Geldr Succession and destroyed parts of the city.

The great city fire in 1683 destroyed the entire lower town including the town hall, which stood free on the market square. It is possible that the castle was destroyed by French troops in the so-called predatory wars of Louis XIV at the end of the 17th century; However, there is no written evidence for this.

The Heinsberg office was judicially divided into six districts, so-called Dingstühle or jury courts. For them, the Heinsberg City Court was the next higher instance.

In 1794 French revolutionary troops under the leadership of General Jourdan advanced as far as the Rur, while the Austrians had also stationed defensive posts in Heinsberg. On October 2, 1794 Brigadier General Bernadotte drove this garrison from the city and led his troops on between Oberbruch and Dremmen to the Rur, over which they built a bridge near the Schanz. As a result, Heinsberg came under French rule like the entire left bank of the Rhine and became the seat of Mairie Heinsberg and a justice of the peace in the canton of the same name in the Aachen arrondissement of the Département de la Roer .

Heinsberg in the 19th century, oil painting by Oscar Begas

After the Wars of Liberation against Napoleon and the reorganization of Europe by the Congress of Vienna (1815), the current mayor's office of Heinsberg came to Prussia in 1816 and became a district town.

After the First World War , first French and then until 1926 Belgian military were stationed in Heinsberg from 1918 to 1919 ( Allied occupation of the Rhineland ). In 1932 the Heinsberg and Geilenkirchen districts were merged, Heinsberg lost its seat.

Heinsberg was known as the northern end of the Western Wall . In 1944 a provisional line of defense was built to the north ( Maas-Rur position ). An air raid by the Royal Air Force on the afternoon of November 16, 1944 destroyed the city; 2223 bombs with a total weight of 1019.2 tons were dropped within 14 minutes. Of the around 110 civilians in the city at the time, 52 were killed.

After the Allies had captured Geilenkirchen on November 19, 1944 , their advance came to a standstill for various reasons (the ruins of Heinsberg were not captured until January 24). Among other things, they had to fight back the Ardennes offensive that started surprisingly on December 16 and the Nordwind company from December 31 . On January 14th, the Allies began Operation Blackcock . It ended on January 26th; despite extremely cold and damp winter weather (which is why the attackers had to operate without the usual air support), it achieved its goals. The German troops in Heinsberg were attacked on the night of January 23rd to 24th; they had been fired at by artillery the days before. After the German troops left the city, they also shot at it with artillery and mortars until the Allies drove them back even further.

Incorporations

On July 1, 1969, the places Aphoven, Schafhausen and Unterbruch were incorporated. As a result of the municipal reorganization , Heinsberg received the seat of the new Heinsberg district on January 1, 1972 . At the same time, the city expanded to include the previous communities of Karken, Kempen, Kirchhoven, Oberbruch-Dremmen , Randerath and Waldenrath.

religion

Catholic community

The Kirchberg with St. Gangolf and the so-called Ritterturm (city wall tower)

Archaeological findings suggest a first pre- or early Romanesque church. The successor building was a Romanesque basilica , the construction of which coincides with the foundation of the Gangolfus monastery in the middle of the 12th century. The crypt of this church is still preserved. Today's late Gothic church dates from the beginning to the middle of the 15th century. Ecclesiastically, the city belonged to the diocese of Liège until the French revolutionary troops marched into the deanery Susteren and the archdeaconate Kempenland . With the Concordat between Napoleon and the Pope , Heinsberg was incorporated into the newly established diocese of Aachen , and the parish of St. Gangolf became a cantonal parish . In Prussian times the diocese of Aachen was abolished again in 1821; from then on, Heinsberg belonged to the Archdiocese of Cologne as the main town of the regional dean of the same name , until the diocese of Aachen was re-established in 1930. In 1940 the Bishop of Aachen elevated the parish church of St. Gangolf to a provost church. After severe war damage, the reconstruction of the church began in 1951 and lasted until 1955.

Heinsberg monasteries

  • St. Gangolfus pen
Founded around 1128/29 by Oda von Walbeck, the widow of Goswin I von Heinsberg, repealed in 1803. At first the canons lived in the castle. In 1255 the parish church of St. Gangolf was assigned to them as a collegiate church. Around the same time, the canons moved to Obere Hochstraße at the foot of the castle between the field gate and the Schellenpforte (today's arched house); this area was the so-called pen immunity .
Founded before 1140 by Goswin II von Heinsberg, it was repealed by the French administration in 1803. It was initially a double monastery for men and women, the men's convent was abolished in 1479, the women's monastery developed into a noble women's monastery . The monastery was originally located in front of the city, was destroyed in 1543 and then rebuilt within the city in 1553/54 at the corner of Hochstrasse and Klostergasse.
Founded in 1682, closed in 1803. The monastery buildings stood on the corner of Hochstrasse and Josefstrasse and were destroyed in the Second World War.
Founded in 1625 in the course of the Counter Reformation , abolished in 1803. The monastery and monastery church were located on today's Patersgasse, destroyed in the Second World War.
In 1393 the Aachen Carmelite Order bought a house in Heinsberg, the order is mentioned in the city as early as 1512.
From 1861 to 1891. The sisters dedicated themselves to the care and support of the inmates of the St. Joseph Foundation, which was inaugurated on November 21, 1869.
From 1891 to 1958, sisters from the Provincial House in Cologne-Nippes took care of the care and support of the patients in St. Josef Stift, from which the hospital later emerged. From March 1929 the order used the building as a monastery.
From 1958 to 1969 they managed the hospital and provided the nursing staff. They also used the former St. Josef Stift as a monastery. In 1969 the order gave up the branch due to a lack of young people.

Evangelical community

Reformation preachers came to the city as early as 1528, some of them Anabaptists or people close to them. A Reformed congregation was formed in 1553 and was heavily influenced by the neighboring Calvinist Netherlands. At the end of the 16th century, the community received land outside of the city on which the cemetery, which still exists today, was established. According to estimates, at the beginning of the 17th century every second Heinsberg family was Reformed, including above all the wealthy and respected. The fact that the dukes of Jülich tolerated the new faith or were inclined to it themselves favored its development. After the heir of the Duchy of Wolfgang Wilhelm von Pfalz-Neuburg converted to Catholicism in 1613 , the Reformed had a difficult time. Public services were banned, the preaching house and school closed and expropriated. Only with the comparison of religions in 1672 did their situation become more bearable again. However, the community did not reach its former size for a long time; In 1817 only 12 families belonged to the Reformed faith. In 1665 a building was bought in the city to furnish a preaching house. This Protestant church was destroyed in the Second World War and was only rebuilt in 1951 as the Christ Church by Pastor Artur Fuchs (1913–2005) elsewhere. In 1963 the congregation in Oberbruch built the Erlöserkirche. After the Second World War, the community expanded through the influx of displaced persons and refugees and, from the mid-1980s, through the settlement of ethnic repatriates from the former Soviet Union. As a result, the congregation with its over 5000 members is predominantly Lutheran today. Within the Jülich church district, it belongs to the Evangelical Church in the Rhineland .

Jewish community

In 1642 four Jewish families lived in the city, and in 1771 a synagogue is mentioned for the first time. The first Jewish cemetery was officially closed in 1800 because it had already been occupied three times. According to French surveys from 1808, 213 Jews were living in Heinsberg at that time. In 1811 the second synagogue was built. According to a law of 1847, the communities of Erkelenz, Gangelt, Geilenkirchen and Heinsberg merged to form a synagogue association based in Geilenkirchen. At that time Dremmen and Randerath also had a Jewish place of worship. In 1927 there were 65 Jews in Heinsberg, 6 in Dremmen, 1 in Unterbruch and 33 in Waldenrath (with its own synagogue). On May 1, 1933, 47 people of Jewish faith lived in the city. The synagogue was desecrated and looted during the night of the pogrom, and the members of the community deported in 1942 if they could not emigrate beforehand. The synagogue building was destroyed by the heavy air raid on November 16, 1944, and the community was wiped out by the Third Reich.

→ Jewish cemetery (Heinsberg, new cemetery)
→ Jewish cemetery (Heinsberg, old cemetery)

New Apostolic Congregation

After the Second World War, a New Apostolic Church was founded .

Adventist Church

In June 2001 a daughter church of the Adventist church in Wassenberg was founded in Heinsberg , which currently has 92 members.

politics

Local election 2014
Turnout: 48.8% (2009: 51.4%)
 %
70
60
50
40
30th
20th
10
0
62.3%
19.4%
8.4%
5.2%
4.8%
UB-UWG
Gains and losses
compared to 2009
 % p
   6th
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
  -6
+1.2  % p
+ 4.4  % p
+1.2  % p
-5.0  % p
+1.5  % p
UB-UWG

City Council

Since the local elections on May 25, 2014 , the 44 seats of the city council have been distributed among the individual groups as follows (in brackets: changes to the 2009 local elections ):

  • CDU : 27 seats (± 0)
  • SPD : 9 seats (+ 2)
  • FDP : 2 seats (-3)
  • GREEN : 4 seats (+ 1)
  • UB-UWG : 2 seats (± 0)

Finances

  • The debt of the city of Heinsberg as of December 31, 2012 was EUR 51,304,698. This corresponds to a per capita debt of 1,256 euros per inhabitant.
  • As of December 31, 2015, the amount of debt was put at 38,500,000 euros. This corresponds to a per capita debt of 935 euros per inhabitant.

As one of the first municipalities in Germany, the city of Heinsberg has voluntarily introduced a so-called “sustainability statute” for the area of ​​urban finances, through which the city aims to curb debt growth and ultimately reduce debt. As part of these sustainability statutes and on the grounds of having to save costs, the city council decided to close the primary schools in Kempen and Unterbruch. A citizens' initiative obtained the first referendum in Heinsberg in 2016, but it failed. IG Schulretter has significantly changed the political landscape in the city of Heinsberg. Only when the IG Schulretter announced that it would seek a referendum, a statute for the implementation of referendums was issued for the city of Heinsberg. The second referendum in Heinsberg took place in the same year because a citizens' initiative wanted to keep the outdoor pool in the Oberbruch district. The decision of the majority of the CDU council to have an artificial turf pitch built shortly before the Schafhausen district was all the more violent after the closure of the primary schools and the outdoor swimming pool .

coat of arms

In red a (heraldic) right-turned, crowned, double-curled silver / white lion. It is borrowed from the coat of arms of the former Lords of Heinsberg. The city's colors are red and white. The lion can be found in the coats of arms of the cities and communities of Heinsberg, Übach-Palenberg , Waldfeucht and Wassenberg as well as the district of Heinsberg .

  • Wassenberg coat of arms

  • Waldfeuchter coat of arms

  • Übach-Palenberg coat of arms

  • Coat of arms of the Heinsberg district

Town twinning

Culture and sights

Lindenkopfbaumallee to the Schlangenkapellchen with a view of St. Gangolf

Museums

  • BEGAS HAUS: Museum for Art and Regional History Heinsberg in Hochstraße with a focus on the Begas family of artists (formerly Heinsberg District Museum ), presenting among other things the coin find.
  • Privately run local history museum in Randerath

Buildings

Collegiate Church of St. Gangolf

St. Gangolf, detailed view of the tracery and the buttresses of the high choir from the southeast

The late Gothic collegiate church of St. Gangolf , also known as the “Selfkant Cathedral”, is well worth seeing . It is a three-aisled hall church from the 15th century, has a clear length of around 53 m and a clear width of around 22.5 m. Except for the choir, its buttresses are drawn inwards; they only appear on the outside through triangular wall templates. The five-bay central nave and the choir, made up of two rectangular bays and the somewhat larger east bay, which is closed on three sides, are spanned by net vaults; the side aisles lengthened with two further yokes to the right and left of the tower, however, have simple cross vaults. Above the level of the rest of the nave is the high choir , below it the Romanesque crypt of the previous building from the mid-12th century. It is three-aisled and hall-shaped, has a little more than four bays and a straight east end. On the walls, rectangular pilasters support the vault of the crypt, the eight supporting pillars are short, quite coarse and have cube capitals, on which richly formed combat plates rest.

Relics of St. Hedwig von Andechs , a granddaughter of Mathilde von Heinsberg, are kept in St. Gangolf .

Castle and city fortifications

Archway House

In the area of ​​the Kirchberg , parts of the medieval city fortifications with two defense towers and parts of the city ​​wall have been preserved. This area of ​​the city was heavily fortified in a bastion form from the beginning to the middle of the 16th century. The plans for this come from Bertram von Zündorf . Some of the early modern fortifications, including a casemate , have been preserved; they were repaired in 2005, together with the remains of the medieval fortifications on the Kirchberg and the adjacent castle hill, and expanded to look like a park.

For the castle complex as a whole, cf. Main article Heinsberg Castle .

Elevated road

Also worth seeing on the upper Hochstrasse is the ensemble of buildings from the Propstei , the Lennartz House from the 15th and the arched house from the 16th century. The latter two are currently being repaired and since March 2014 it has housed the BEGAS HAUS, Museum for Art and Regional History Heinsberg with the largest collection in Germany on the Berlin artist dynasty Begas, who came from Heinsberg, as well as an important regional and urban history department. The house of Lennartz has a beautiful Gothic frieze adorned with figures. Both the provost house and the archway house were redesigned in the 18th century in the baroque style by the Aachen builder Johann Josef Couven .

One of the few preserved Heinsberg town houses is also on Hochstrasse. After the town fire of 1635, the von dem Bruch family had it rebuilt in 1636. Today it has a baroque front from the 18th century. In addition, a strikingly modern bank building dominates the street scene.

Snake chapel

The snake chapel on the edge of the Heinsberg city center

West of the city, next to the cloister courtyard, is the monastery chapel , popularly known as the “snake chapel” , a small baroque brick building from the 17th or 18th century with a clear length of around 8 m and a width of 3.5 m with a three-sided choir closure. The chapel is divided by a beautifully crafted wooden lattice from 1787; the curved lintel of the lattice bears a slightly modified stanza from Dies irae as a chronogram : RE X I N C REATAE M A I ESTAT I S Q VI SA LV AN D OS SA LV AS GRAT I S, SA LV A NOS FONS P I ETAT I S - "King of uncreated majesty, who by grace redeems those in need of redemption, redeem us, source of goodness".

Sacred Heart Church

The Herz-Jesu-Kirche was built in 1904.

Culinary specialties

Eugen Verpoorten invented the egg liqueur in Heinsberg in 1876 . The house on Hochstrasse in which the invention took place was part of the complex of the former Premonstratensian monastery that was destroyed in the bombing on November 16, 1944 .

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

Rail transport

Train of memory in the area of ​​the later Heinsberg Kreishaus stop

There is a rail connection from Heinsberg to Lindern with a connection there to the Aachen – Mönchengladbach line . Since the end of passenger traffic in 1980, Heinsberg was initially served by freight traffic until 1994. After the cessation of freight traffic on the section between Oberbruch and Heinsberg, this section was shut down in 1997 , until Oberbruch the line for servicing the siding of a chemical plant remained in operation.

From 1980 onwards, Heinsberg was one of the few district towns in Germany and the only one in North Rhine-Westphalia that could not be reached by train. In 2013, the Heinsberg - Oberbruch section of the Heinsberger Bahn was renewed and the entire line to Lindern was electrified. Since the timetable change in December 2013, Heinsberg can be reached again by local rail transport after 33 years .

Bus transport

There are bus connections to the individual districts and neighboring towns.

  • Bus line 492 begins in Heinsberg and connects the town of Heinsberg with Lindern train station in various lines . The districts of Schafhausen, Eschweiler, Oberbruch, Hülhoven, Dremmen, Porselen, Horst and Randerath are served.
  • The express bus line 1, which usually runs hourly, goes to Geilenkirchen and Erkelenz train stations .
  • There is also a second line (410) to Geilenkirchen train station.
  • The connection to the Selfkant is made with lines 436, 474, 472 and 475.
  • Lines 405 and 413 lead in the direction of Wassenberg and Gerderath .
  • Line 401 offers connections to the Ratheim and Hückelhovener areas.
  • A temporary, cross-border express bus connection operated by Veolia Verkehr (route 79) between Roermond and Heinsberg was discontinued when the timetable changed on December 14, 2008.
  • With the timetable change on December 11, 2016, a new connection (line 364) between Heinsberg and Roermond was created by Arriva . In addition, the SB3 was extended beyond Tüddern to Sittard .

Road traffic

Heinsberg has a connection to the A46 motorway near the town of Dremmen. The federal road 221 runs through the city area.

Resident companies and economic situation

Baroque town house facade and modern bank architecture in Hochstraße

Heinsberg has good economic prerequisites due to its geographical location, sufficient commercial areas, transport links and low trade tax rates. Due to economic problems in the context of the structural change of a former mining region as part of the joint task of improving the regional economic structure, the district is a D funding area.

The construction companies Florack, Frauenrath and Trotec are also important companies for Heinsberg.

media

  • As daily newspapers, the Heinsberger Zeitung and Heinsberger Nachrichten from the newspaper publisher Aachen report on events in the district town.
  • Super Sunday appears on Sundays , also published by newspaper publisher Aachen.
  • The WDR television reported in the " local time from Aachen" also Heinsberg, on the radio on FM 100.8 MHz sends WDR 2 messages, including some from the Heinsberg district.
  • Up until May 15, 2007, the NRW local radio Welle West broadcast a program for the Heinsberg district from its studio in Heinsberg. Due to financial problems, the station stopped its program. The district of Heinsberg is, besides the district of Olpe (there has never been a local radio station here), the only district in North Rhine-Westphalia in which there is no NRW local radio.

Public facilities

  • District administration Heinsberg
  • District Police Department
  • District Court
  • Health department
  • Customs office
  • Heinsberg correctional facility for juvenile prisoners has been expanded since 2008
  • City library

Healthcare

The municipal hospital Heinsberg is a hospital in by local authorities. The hospital has the specialist departments surgery (focus: trauma surgery , visceral surgery and vascular surgery ), internal medicine (focus: cardiology , pulmonology , gastroenterology and diabetology ), gynecology , maternity ward , laboratory , ENT and anesthesia as well as an ophthalmological operating center, a diabetes - Center and the Breast Center Heinsberg .

history

On November 21, 1861, the St. Josef Stift was opened as a new poor house, and since 1891 it has been primarily occupied with sick people. In 1925, the first surgeon began work in the 50-bed hospital . A new building was opened on March 19, 1929.

From 1934 onwards, people in the Heinsberg hospital were forcibly sterilized in accordance with the “ Law for the Prevention of Hereditary Children ” of July 14, 1933. Later investigations have shown that in a routine procedure between 1934 and 1944 at least 239 so-called "racially inferior" people and an unknown number of people from the regional area around the city of Heinsberg were forcibly sterilized. There is no memory of the victims of Nazi forced sterilization at today's municipal hospital.

After World War II , the hospital was rebuilt and significantly expanded in the 1940s and 1950s. Since 1981, following the withdrawal of the nuns, the municipal hospital has been run in the legal form of a GmbH with the city of Heinsberg as the sole shareholder. Further extensions were built in the 1990s.

education

  • Primary schools in Heinsberg, Schafhausen, Grebben, Oberbruch, Dremmen, Randerath, Straeten, Kirchhoven, Karken
  • Secondary school in Oberbruch
  • Realschule in Heinsberg (Another Realschule in the Oberbruch district was closed after the 2018/19 school year)
  • Comprehensive school Heinsberg (in Oberbruch) (comprehensive and secondary school in one from summer 2019)
  • District high school in Heinsberg (KGH)
  • Don Bosco School for the Learning Disabled
  • Rurtal school for the mentally handicapped
  • Anton Heinen Adult Education Center
  • Youth music school
  • Institute for Care and Social Affairs gGmbH, specialist seminar for care for the elderly and family care

Institutions

  • Lebenshilfe Heinsberg eV with its facilities: Children's center Triangel, workshop for disabled people, homes

Personalities

This section lists people born in Heinsberg or people whose names are closely linked to the city of Heinsberg.

  • Philipp I von Heinsberg (* around 1130; † August 13, 1191 near Naples), Imperial Chancellor and Archbishop of Cologne , buried in the Maternus Chapel of Cologne Cathedral
  • Engelbert II. Von Heinsberg-Valkenburg (* around 1220; † October 20, 1274 in Bonn), was the 56th Archbishop of Cologne (1261–1274)
  • Johann von Heinsberg (around 1396; † on the night of October 18-19, 1459 in Kuringen, now Hasselt), as Johann VIII. Bishop of Liège 1419 to November 22, 1455 (deposed); † October 19, 1459 Diest, buried in the high grave of the Lords of Heinsberg in St. Gangolf / Heinsberg
  • Johann Franz Oeben (born October 9, 1721 in Heinsberg; † January 23, 1763 in Paris), from 1754 Ebenist du Roy Paris, Louis XV
  • Carl Joseph Begas (born September 30, 1794 in Heinsberg, † November 24, 1854 in Berlin ), German painter
  • Hubert Jacob Talbot (* December 4, 1794 in what is now the district Randerath as the son of a notary Franz Theodor Talbot), settled in Aachen, operated a Marmorschleiferei, from 1838, the wagon factory Talbot emerged
  • Ludwig Schmitz (born March 26, 1845 in Heinsberg, † May 26, 1917 in Aachen), President of the German regional court and politician
  • Lorenz Heitzer (born January 30, 1858 in Grebben; † May 29, 1919 in Essen-Altenessen), educator and writer
  • Mathieu-Joseph Jungbluth (born April 6, 1807 in Heinsberg; † May 6, 1875 in Ixelles ), portrait and history painter at the Düsseldorf School of Painting , pupil of Friedrich Wilhelm von Schadow , from around 1839/40 active in Mons as a portraitist and drawing teacher
  • Gerhard Rauschen (born October 13, 1854 in Heinsberg; † April 12, 1917 in Bonn), professor of church history at the University of Bonn
  • Hein Minkenberg (born March 12, 1889 in Heinsberg; † November 12, 1968 in Neuss), art professor, sculptor
  • Wilhelm Redieß (born October 10, 1900 in Heinsberg; † May 8, 1945 in Skaugum near Oslo), SS-Obergruppenführer, Police General and Higher SS and Police Leader in East Prussia
  • Johannes Peter Meyer-Mendez (born March 6, 1909 in Randerath, † February 24, 1976 in Cologne), Archbishop and Primate of the Free Catholic Church in Germany
  • Max Blancke (born March 23, 1909 in Heinsberg; † April 27, 1945 in Hurlach), SS-Hauptsturmführer and camp doctor in several concentration camps
  • Severin Corsten (born December 8, 1920 in Heinsberg; † October 18, 2008 in Bonn), librarian, historian and book scholar
  • Wilhelm Willms (born November 4, 1930 in Rurdorf an der Rur, today Linnich; † December 25, 2002 in Heinsberg), priest and poet, provost in Heinsberg
  • Rudolf Debiel (born February 9, 1931 in Porselen; † October 15, 2015 in Cologne), German actor, author and producer
  • Heinz Dohmen (born August 23, 1934 in Heinsberg), architect and art professor, diocesan and cathedral builder of the Ruhr Diocese of Essen between 1976 and 1999
  • Dieter Crumbiegel (born June 6, 1938 in Essen) Professor at the Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences in Krefeld from 1979 to 2001, artist (ceramics and painting)
  • Heinrich Küppers (born November 10, 1939 in Heinsberg), modern historian and university professor
  • Heinz-Josef Fabry (born December 14, 1944), professor of the Old Testament and the history of Israel
  • Marlies Seeliger-Crumbiegel (born November 28, 1946 in Mönchengladbach-Rheydt; † April 20, 2012 in Heinsberg), artist (sculpture, ceramics, porcelain design), art teacher and gallery owner
  • Werner Kirsch (born February 1, 1956 in Heinsberg), professor of mathematics at the Fern-Universität Hagen. His main area of ​​work is mathematical physics, functional analysis and the relationship between mathematics and politics
  • Martina Hoffmann-Badache (born March 6, 1956 in Heinsberg), psychologist and ministerial official, State Secretary of North Rhine-Westphalia
  • Friedhelm Frenken (born September 2, 1956 in Heinsberg), football player
  • Gisela Nacken (born July 8, 1957 in Heinsberg), politician
  • Rainer Hensen (born June 5, 1961 in Heinsberg), cooking, with a star in the Michelin guide awarded
  • Christof Cremer (* 1969 in Heinsberg), stage and costume designer
  • Björn Kraus (* 1969 in Heinsberg), professor in Freiburg (epistemologist and social scientist, founder of relational constructivism )
  • Katja Nolten (born February 16, 1970 in Heinsberg), table tennis player
  • Daniel Wirtz (born October 19, 1975 in Heinsberg), rock musician
  • Stefan Cohnen (born December 4, 1982 in Heinsberg), Dutch cyclist
  • Tahnee Schaffarczyk (born April 4, 1992 in Heinsberg), stand-up comedian , presenter and actress
  • Armand Drevina (born February 3, 1994 in Heinsberg), football player

See also

literature

  • H. Seipolt (arrangement): Heinsberg, Rhineland. In: Ulrike Puvogel, Martin Stankowski: Memorials for the victims of National Socialism. A documentation. Volume I, 2nd edition. Federal Agency for Political Education, Bonn 1995, ISBN 3-89331-208-0 , p. 558.
  • Richard Jochims, Rita Müllejans-Dickmann : District town of Heinsberg (= Rheinische Kunststätten. Issue 459). Edited by the Rheinischer Verein für Denkmalpflege und Landschaftsschutz, 2000, ISBN 3-88094-875-5 .
  • Rita Müllejans-Dickmann , Wolfgang Cortjaens (ed.): Begas Haus Heinsberg. Volume 1: The Regional History Collection. Volume 2: The Begas Collection. Wienand Verlag, Cologne 2013, ISBN 978-3-86832-177-7 (vol. 1), ISBN 978-3-86832-178-4 (vol. 2)
  • Helmut Hawinkels: Heinsberg. Sutton Verlag, Erfurt 2007, ISBN 978-3-86680-206-3 .
  • Paul Clemen (ed.), Karl Franck-Oberaspach, Edmund Renard (arrangement): The art monuments of the Rhine province. 8th volume, III: The art monuments of the Heinsberg district. L. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1906.
  • Harry Seipolt: I was "inferior". From the life report of a person who was forcedly sterilized by the Nazis ("Racial hygiene" in the Heinsberg hospital). In: History in the West. Semi-annual magazine for national and contemporary history. Volume 8, Issue 2, Cologne 1993, pp. 193-200.

Web links

Commons : Heinsberg  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Heinsberg  - travel guide

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Population of the municipalities of North Rhine-Westphalia on December 31, 2019 - update of the population based on the census of May 9, 2011. State Office for Information and Technology North Rhine-Westphalia (IT.NRW), accessed on June 17, 2020 .  ( Help on this )
  2. ↑ Hubert Berens in: Heimatkalender des Kreis Heinsberg 1981. Self-published by the Kreis Heinsberg, Heinsberg 1981, p. 43.
  3. ↑ Hubert Berens in: Home calendar of the Heinsberg district 1986 . Self-published by the district of Heinsberg, Heinsberg 1986, p. 22 ff.
  4. ^ Map of Heinsberg under Tranchot, 1801–1828.
  5. ↑ Main statute of the city of Heinsberg in the new version of March 3rd, 1988. ( Memento of the original of December 28th, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.heinsberg.de
  6. ^ Wilhelm Piepers: Archaeological monuments and finds in the former Geilenkirchen-Heinsberg district. (= Archeology in the district of Heinsberg 1; series of publications of the district of Heinsberg 5). Self-published by the Heinsberg district, Heinsberg 1989, ISBN 3-925620-05-2 , p. 140.
  7. ↑ To assess the Kirchberg as a bailey, see Wilhelm Piepers: Boddenkmäler und Funde in the former Geilenkirchen-Heinsberg district. (= Archeology in the district of Heinsberg 1, series of publications of the district of Heinsberg 5). Self-published by the Heinsberg district, Heinsberg 1989, ISBN 3-925620-05-2 , p. 140.
  8. ↑ Toni Krings in: Local calendar of the Heinsberg district 1984 . Self-published by the district of Heinsberg, Heinsberg 1984, p. 135 ff.
  9. ↑ "Operation Blackcock", page 25 of the PDF (4.95 MB)
  10. ↑ Martin Bünermann: The communities of the first reorganization program in North Rhine-Westphalia . Deutscher Gemeindeverlag, Cologne 1970, p. 101 .
  11. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 310 .
  12. ^ Regional Returning Officer NRW: Municipal elections 2014 - final result for Heinsberg
  13. ↑ Federal and State Statistical Offices: Integrated Debt of the Municipalities and Municipal Associations - Proportional model calculation for the inter-municipal comparison - as of December 31, 2012 - joint publication
  14. ^ Debt level 2015 of the municipalities in the district of Heinsberg In: cdu-gangelt.de
  15. ↑ Sustainability Statutes of the City of Heinsberg , accessed on August 30, 2014. (PDF)
  16. ↑ Stefan Klassen: Heinsberg - referendum fails: Schools are closed In: aachener-zeitung.de , June 19, 2016, accessed on March 21, 2018.
  17. ↑ IG Schulretter In: ig-schulretter.de , accessed on March 21, 2018.
  18. ↑ Heinsberg interruption - referendum: “School rescuers” also want ballot box voting In: aachener-zeitung.de , January 7, 2016, accessed on March 21, 2018.
  19. ↑ Rainer Herwartz: Heinsberg-Oberbruch - referendum: cool November becomes the "hot phase" In: aachener-zeitung.de , September 5, 2016, accessed on March 21, 2018.
  20. ↑ Rainer Herwartz: Heinsberg - Heated debate about the planned artificial turf pitch at secondary school In: aachener-zeitung.de , July 6, 2017, accessed on March 21, 2018.
  21. ↑ Information from the Aachener Verkehrsverbund on the discontinuation of the continuous bus service to Roermond
  22. ↑ disch: New bus line connects Heinsberg and Roermond . In: Aachener Zeitung . December 8, 2016 ( aachener-zeitung.de [accessed January 15, 2018]).
  23. ↑ http://www.florack.de/
  24. ↑ http://www.frauenrath.de/
  25. ↑ https://de.trotec.com/
  26. ^ Harry Seipolt: Forced sterilization and Nazi "euthanasia" in the Aachen region. Aachen 1995, ISBN 3-89399-217-0 , p. 50.
  27. ↑ primary schools | City of Heinsberg In: heinsberg.de , accessed on March 21, 2018.