Engelbert II of Falkenburg
Engelbert von Heinsberg-Valkenburg (* around 1220 ; † October 20, 1274 in Bonn ) was as Engelbert II. From 1261 to 1274 Archbishop of Cologne .
He was the youngest son of Count Dietrich I von Heinsberg and Valkenburg († 1227) from his second marriage to Beatrix von Kyrburg , the daughter of the wild count Gerhard.
Engelbert became archdeacon in Liège in 1253 and cathedral provost in Cologne in 1257. On October 2, 1261, he was elected archbishop by the cathedral chapter and thus successor to Konrad von Hochstaden .
He tried to consolidate his power over Cologne by fighting the patricians , but in 1263 he was captured for 20 days and was expelled from the city in 1268. He then had a residence built in Bonn . In 1266 he guaranteed the Jews of Cologne fair treatment and the undisturbed use of their cemetery on Bonner Strasse. After the defeat in the Battle of Zülpich on October 17, 1267, Engelbert was imprisoned until April 16, 1271 at Nideggen Castle owned by Count Wilhelm von Jülich, who was allied with Cologne . With the help of a traitor (the tradition calls the “cobbler Havenith” who lives in a house on the city wall), a passage was dug under the city wall on October 15, 1268 on behalf of the archbishop. The attack by the ruling merchant families of the “wise” patrician dynasty , the Overstolz, took place on the night of October 14th to 15th, 1268 (night of the “holy moors”) when the archbishop's men tried to penetrate the city at the Ulrepforte . However, the plan was betrayed and could therefore be foiled. The city of Cologne thus retained its independence.
Engelbert crowned Rudolf von Habsburg as German king on October 24, 1273. In 1274 he took part in the Second Council of Lyon .
Through his poorly thought-out policy, Engelbert von Falkenburg made a significant contribution to the fact that under his successor Siegfried von Westerburg, after the Battle of Worringen in 1288, the city rule of the Cologne archbishops was effectively eliminated and they were no longer allowed to reside in Cologne. The Archbishops of Cologne were only able to reside in the city again under Prussian rule, but now as purely church officials.
Engelbert found his final resting place in Bonn Minster .
literature
- Hermann Cardauns : Engelbert II., Archbishop of Cologne . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 6, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1877, p. 125.
- Wilhelm Janssen : The Archdiocese of Cologne in the late Middle Ages 1191–1515. First part (history of the Archdiocese of Cologne, second volume). Bachem, Cologne 1995, ISBN 3-7616-1149-8 , pp. 174ff.
- Erich Wisplinghoff : Falkenburg, Engelbert II. Von. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 4, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1959, ISBN 3-428-00185-0 , p. 509 ( digitized version ).
Web links
- Engelbertus II archiepiscopus Coloniensis in the repertory "Historical Sources of the German Middle Ages"
Remarks
- ↑ Cf. Manfred Kratz: The Jewish privilege of 1266 in Cologne Cathedral. ( Memento of the original from January 16, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. kirche-koeln.de, as of April 14, 2001.
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Konrad von Hochstaden |
Archbishop of Cologne 1261–1274 |
Siegfried von Westerburg |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Engelbert II of Falkenburg |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Engelbert von Falkenburg; Engelbert von Heinsberg-Valkenburg; Engelbert II of Cologne |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Archbishop of Cologne |
| DATE OF BIRTH | around 1220 |
| DATE OF DEATH | October 20, 1274 |
| Place of death | Bonn |