1274

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Heads of State · Nekrolog

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1274
Japan fends off the first attempt at invasion by the Mongols under Kublai Khan in the Battle of Bun'ei .
Philip III , King of France , married Maria von Brabant for the second time .	King Magnus Håkonsson of Norway issues the Landslov .
1274 in other calendars
Armenian calendar	722/723 (turn of the year July)
Ethiopian calendar	1266/67
Buddhist calendar	1817/18 (southern Buddhism); 1816/17 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana )
Chinese calendar	66th (67th) cycle Year of the Wood Dog甲戌 ( at the beginning of the year water tap 癸酉)
Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam)	636/637 (turn of the year April)
Iranian calendar	652/653
Islamic calendar	672/673 (turn of the year July 6/7)
Jewish calendar	5034/35 (2/3 September)
Coptic calendar	990/991
Malayalam calendar	449/450
Seleucid era	Babylon: 1584/85 (turn of the year April) Syria: 1585/86 (turn of the year October)
Spanish era	1312
Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar)	1330/31 (turn of the year April)

Events

Politics and world events

Western Europe

• July: Henry I of Navarre dies. With his death, the male line of the Counts of Champagne and Kings of Navarre expires . Heinrich's daughter Johanna was only one year old when he died. Riots break out in Pamplona , whereupon Johanna's mother Blanche d'Artois and her daughter fall under the protection of the French King Philip III. embarks.
• August 2 : Edward I returns to England from his crusade and is crowned King on August 19, two years late, by Bishop Robert Kilwardby in Westminster Abbey .
• August 21 : Philip III. , King of France , married Maria von Brabant , daughter of Henry III , in Vincennes . , Duke of Brabant .

• Philip III of France, the county of Venaissin ceded to the Pope at the Council of Lyons.

Holy Roman Empire

• The property of the Henneberger is divided, since the three sons of Heinrich III. von Henneberg establish three lines.
• The court conference in Nuremberg confirms to Rudolf I that the Bohemian king must also receive his fiefs from the Roman-German king .

Northern and Eastern Europe

• The second and last uprising of the Prussians against the Teutonic Order , which began in 1260 , ends with their defeat. But it will take another 9 years until the Teutonic Order finally wins in 1283 .
• The Landslov is passed at the Norwegian Thing Meetings.

Asia

• November 20 : The outnumbered samurai repel the first attempt at invasion by the Mongols under Kublai Khan in Japan at the Battle of Bun'ei .

City rights and first documentary mentions

• Ebersecken , Forel , Grellingen , Mühlau , Luchsingen , Großhansdorf , Huttingen , Mühltroff , Rickenbach , Schönaich , Weischlitz and Zielebach are first mentioned in a document
• Establishment of Sibiu
• Landau receives the town charter by King Rudolf I. awarded.

economy

• The Riccardi from Lucca are the most important lenders of the English King Edward I , who from 1275 transferred them largely the income from the export duty for wool.

religion

Second Council of Lyon

Pope Gregory X.

• May 7. bis 17th July : In Lyon finds the "14th General Council ”or 2nd Council of Lyon , which was convened by Pope Gregory X to end the Eastern Schism at the end of March 1272 .
  • For a crusade, the council grants tithes of all church income for six years. However, the crusade never takes place.
  • The representatives of the Eastern Church , who only arrived on June 24, recognize the primacy of the Roman Church, the Filioque , according to which the Holy Spirit proceeds from the Father and the Son, the doctrine of purgatory and the creed of Michael Paleologus forced upon them by the Byzantine Emperor Michael VIII the seven sacraments . However, this union does not last as it meets with practically unanimous opposition from the Orthodox clergy.
  • July 7th or July 16th : the council decides on a conclave on each future papal election.

Church hierarchy

• Gregory of Naples becomes Bishop of Bayeux .

Orders and monasteries

• The fifth master of the order of the Dominicans , Humbert von Romans , wrote (probably for the 2nd council in Lyon) the work Opusculum tripartitum , in which he found "seven arguments for a crusade against the Saracens ".
• The Dominican Convent Rathfran is founded in Ireland .
• The Cistercian convent of St. Jöris is donated.
• to 1274: Meister Eckhart is a novice in the convent of the Dominicans at the Predigerkirche in Erfurt .

Theological Studies

• The Dominican Ulrich von Strasbourg finishes his main work De summo bono , begun in 1266 .
• Dietrich von Freiberg finished his studies at the Sorbonne in Paris .

nature and environment

• Weather (Germany): Cold into summer

Born

Date of birth saved

• February 9 : Louis of Toulouse , Archbishop of Toulouse († 1297 )
• July 11 : Robert I , King of Scotland († 1329 )
• October 4 : Rudolf I , Count Palatine near Rhine († 1319 )

Exact date of birth unknown

• April: Robert de Clifford , English magnate and military man († 1314 )

• Béatrice de Planisolles , country noblewoman from County Foix
• Catherine de Courtenay , Titularkaiserin of Constantinople Opel († 1307 / 08 )
• Adh-Dhahabi , scholar biographer and historian († 1348 )
• Erik VI. , King of Denmark († 1319 )
• Marino Faliero , Doge of Venice († 1355 )

Died

Date of death secured

• February 8 : Heinrich von Lützelburg , Bishop of Semgallia, Bishop of Courland and Bishop of Chiemsee
• February 18 : Jakob Erlandsen , Archbishop of Lund
• 19 / 20 February : Eberhard II of Waldburg. , Bishop of Konstanz
• February 22 : Ibn Maalik , Spanish-Arabic scholar (* 1204 / 05 )
• February 24th : Rudiger von Langheim , Abbot of Münsterschwarzach

Thomas Aquinas (posthumous painting by Carlo Crivelli , 1476)

• March 7th : Thomas Aquinas , Italian theologian, Dominican and philosopher of the Middle Ages (* around 1225 )
• April 26th : Heinrich von Wartenberg , abbot of the St. Gallen monastery

• July 15 : Bonaventure of Bagnoregio , 7th General Minister of the Franciscan Order (* 1221 )
• August 4 : Robert of Stichill , Bishop of Durham
• August 12 : Olivier de Termes , Occitan knight, faydit and crusader (* around 1200)
• August 15 : Robert von Sorbon , French theologian, founder of the Sorbonne named after him, college at the University of Paris (* 1201 )

• September 1st : Douceline by Digne , Christian mystic (* around 1214 )
• September 2 : Prince Munetaka , Shogun in Japan (* 1242 )
• September 13 : Heinrich III. of Neuchâtel , Bishop of Basel
• September 22nd : Geoffrey de Langley , English knight (* 1223 )

• October 3 : Hermann III. , Herr zur Lippe (* around 1233 )

Engelbert II. Von Falkenburg - grave slab in Bonn Minster

• October 20 : Engelbert II. Von Falkenburg , Archbishop of Cologne (* around 1220 )
• December 4th : William Button , English clergyman

Exact date of death unknown

• March: Friedrich von Hausen , Bishop of Kulm
• May: Uilleam , Scottish nobleman (* after 1210)
• July: Henry I , Count of Champagne and King of Navarre (* around 1244)
• after October 12th: Heinrich von Streitberg , German knight, bishop of Warmia and Samland
• before October 14th: Heinrich II. von Raron , Bishop of Sitten
• after October 23: Gunzelin III. , Count of Schwerin

• Baldwin II , Emperor of the Latin Empire (* 1217 )
• Hawise de Londres , Anglo-Norman nobleman
• Uthman Marwandi , Sufi master (* 1177 )
• Nasir Al-din al-Tusi , Persian polymath (* 1201 )
• Wolfram II of Praunheim , Reichsschultheiß of Frankfurt am Main

Died around 1274

• 1273/1274 : Konrad II , Duke of Silesia and Elect of Passau, Duke of Glogau and Duke of Crossen (* between 1232 and 1235)

• Pablo Christiani , anti-Jewish polemist, main opponent of Nachmanides at the disputation in Barcelona

Web links

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