1314

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Heads of State · Nekrolog

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1314
Ludwig the Bavarian is elected Roman-German king.
However, a minority of the electors chose the Habsburg Frederick the Fair .	In the Battle of Bannockburn , the Scottish King Robert "The" Bruce defeated the English King Edward II.
1314 in other calendars
Armenian calendar	762/763 (turn of the year July)
Ethiopian calendar	1306/07
Aztec calendar	3rd house - Jei Calli (until the end of January / beginning of February 2nd Feuerstein - Ome Tecpatl )
Buddhist calendar	1857/58 (southern Buddhism); 1856/57 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana )
Chinese calendar	66th (67th) cycle Year of the wood tiger甲寅 ( at the beginning of the year water buffalo 癸丑)
Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam)	676/677 (turn of the year April)
Iranian calendar	692/693
Islamic calendar	713/714 (turn of the year April 16/17)
Jewish calendar	5074/75 (September 11-12)
Coptic calendar	1030/31
Malayalam calendar	489/490
Seleucid era	Babylon: 1624/25 (turn of the year April) Syria: 1625/26 (turn of the year October)
Spanish era	1352
Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar)	1370/71

Events

Politics and world events

France

• March 18 : A commission appointed by Pope Clement V announces the verdict against the last Grand Master of the Knights Templar , which was dissolved two years ago , Jacques de Molay , the Master of Normandy Geoffroy de Charnay and two other Knights Templar in front of the Church of Notre Dame de Paris : Es is imprisonment for life for alleged heresy and sodomy. De Molay and de Charnay protested violently and retracted all their previous confessions, while the other two remained silent. When the papal judicial commission withdrew for further deliberation, King Philip IV of France , who was not present when the verdict was pronounced, decided to execute Jacques de Molay and Geoffroy de Charnay immediately, without waiting for the verdict of the Church. In the evening the two are burned at the stake in Paris.

A document from Louis X from December 1314; Paris, Archives nationales, J 163 B, no.59

• November 29th : Philip the Handsome dies in France . Since both he and Pope Clement V die within a short time after the execution of Jacques de Molay, the rumor arises that the two have been cursed by the Grand Master. Philip's successor is Ludwig X. , also called the brawler.

• Paris: The two daughters-in-law of the French king Philip IV , Margaret and Blanka of Burgundy , are convicted of adultery in the scandal surrounding the Tour de Nesle . Your lovers will be executed.

Holy Roman Empire

• January 6th : In the course of the march controversy , Schwyz compatriots attacked and plundered Einsiedeln monastery .
• October 19 : Frederick the Handsome from the House of Habsburg is elected King by the minority of the Electors in Bonn Minster . On October 20th, Ludwig the Bavarian was elected by the majority . Since the majority principle does not yet apply, and no successor has yet been elected for Pope Clement V , who died on April 20, who would have had the last word, both are crowned.

Scotland / England

• June 23rd / 24th : The Battle of Bannockburn near Stirling during the Scottish Wars of Independence brings the Scottish King Robert "The" Bruce to victory against the English King Edward II. This is an important step in preserving Scottish independence .

Other events in Europe

• The later Serbian King Stefan Uroš III. Dečanski rises against his father Stefan Uroš II Milutin , is captured, blinded and sent into exile in Byzantium .
• Nasr , Sultan of Granada is deposed. His successor is Ismail I.

Asia

Chūzan in central Okinawa during the Sanzan period

• Tamagusuku , against whose assumption of the office of Supreme Prince of Okinawa, rebellions of the other island princes broke out in the previous year, proclaims the state of Chūzan from his future capital Urasoe . Several princes then fled with their entourage to the north and south of the island and brought the areas there under their control. The Sanzan period begins.

City rights and first documentary mentions

• Ahrensburg (as Woldenhorn ), Bargteheide , Beckenried , Dienstadt , La Neuveville and Tonndorf are first mentioned in a document.
• The Westerwald towns of Hachenburg , Altenkirchen and Weltersburg receive city rights.

science and technology

• The Clementinae , fourth book of the “ Codex Iuris Canonici ”, are created.
• The Exeter College of Oxford University is of Bishop Walter Stapeldon founded.

religion

Buddhism

Butön Rinchen Drub , eleventh abbot of Shalu Monastery near Xigazê in Tibet , founds the Buddhist Riphug Monastery not far from here in Shigatse .

Christianity

Camerlengo coat of arms during the Sedis vacancy

After the death of Pope Clement V on April 20, the conclave for the election of a successor begins on May 1 in Carpentras , which Clemens had previously made his second residence, chaired by Cardinal Dean Niccolò Alberti . However, it will be two years before the participants can agree on a new Pope . Three months after the beginning of the conclave, a fire breaks out in the city, whereupon the 24 cardinals at that time leave the city. The attempt to restart the election was unsuccessful until the end of the year, even after several negotiations.

Judaism

• around 1314: The Sarajevo Haggadah is created.

Born

Date of birth saved

• May 5 : Thomas Holland , English nobleman († 1360 )
• October 18 : Giles de Badlesmere , English nobleman († 1338 )

Exact date of birth unknown

• Amda Seyon I , Ethiopian Emperor († 1344 )
• Sayyid Ali Hamadani , Islamic mystic († 1384 )
• Friedrich Herter von Dußlingen , Württemberg knight († 1359 )
• Ramathibodi I , first king of the Siamese kingdom of Ayutthaya († 1369 )
• Waldemar III. of Schleswig, King of Denmark and Duke of Schleswig († 1364 )

Died

First half of the year

• January 30th : Margarete von Hochstaden , Countess von Berg
• February 8 : Jelena Anžujska , Serbian Queen (* around 1230 )

• March 4th : Jakub Świnka , Archbishop of Gniezno
• March 18 : Geoffroy de Charnay , French Templar (* around 1251 )
• March 18 : Jacques de Molay , last French Grand Master of the Templar Order (* around 1244 )
• around March 25th: Alan la Zouche, 1st Baron la Zouche of Ashby , English nobleman (* 1267 )

• April 1 : Heinrich III. , Abbot of St. Blasien

Clemens V's tomb

• April 20 : Clement V , Pope (* between 1250 and 1265)

• May 3 : Emilia Bicchieri , Italian Dominican, prioress, blessed and mystic (* 1238 )
• May 17th : Adelheid von Ochsenstein , Margravine of Baden

• 23 / 24 June : Edmund Hastings , English nobleman and military (* around 1265 )
• 23 / June 24 : William Marshal , English nobleman (* around 1277)
• June 24th : Gilbert de Clare , English nobleman (* 1291 )
• June 24 : Robert de Clifford , English magnate and military man (* 1274 )
• June 24th : William de Vescy of Kildare , Anglo-Irish nobleman and politician
• June 24th : Edmund Mauley , English courtier and knight
• June 24th : Miles Stapleton , English nobleman and courtier

Second half of the year

• August 27 : Gottfried von Hexenagger , Bishop of Freising
• September 22nd : Beatrix of Brandenburg , wife of Heinrich II. (The Lion) and Princess of Mecklenburg
• September 30th : Jolanda I of Lusignan , French nobleman (* 1257 )
• October 21 : Geoffrey de Geneville , Anglo-French baron (* around 1226 )
• October: Henry Percy , English nobleman and military man (* 1273 )

• November 1st : Gottfried I. von Bülow , Bishop of Schwerin (* around 1260 )
• November 13 : Albrecht the Degenerate , Landgrave of Thuringia (* 1240 )
• November 25th : Nikolaus , Herr zu Rostock

Grave bust of Philip IV the beautiful

• November 29th : Philip IV , King of France (* 1268 )
• December 22nd : Rudolf III. , Count of Habsburg-Laufenburg (* 1270 )

Exact date of death unknown

• before January 4, 1315, probably end of 1314: John Balliol , King of Scotland

• Ermengol X. , Count of Urgell
• Friedrich von Stolberg , counter-bishop of Würzburg
• Heinrich von Frauenberg , baron at Gutenberg Castle (* 1257 )
• Raniero Grimaldi , Genoese politician, French admiral and first lord of Monaco (* 1267 )
• Konrad IV. , Count of Abenberg (* around 1220)
• Muhammad III. , until 1309 Emir of Granada (* 1257 )
• Nikō , Japanese Buddhist monk (* 1253 )
• Robert VI. , Count of Auvergne
• Bernard Saisset , first bishop of Pamiers (* around 1233)
• Sangye Pel , imperial teacher, person of Tibetan Buddhism (* 1267 )
• Volkmar von Fürstenfeld , German Cistercian monk and historian

Web links

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