Fairytale dispute

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The fairy tale controversy describes the dispute between the Einsiedeln monastery or its patrons and the peasants of Schwyz . The Marchenstreit is one of the reasons for the federal letter of 1291 and the trigger for the Battle of Morgarten .

prehistory

The Marchenstreit began with the transfer of the area north of the Grosse Mythen and Hoch-Ybrig from Heinrich II. To the Einsiedeln monastery and its abbot Wirunt . It is unclear how intensively the monastery colonized the lands. What is certain is that areas have been cleared.

The argument flares up

The story of the fairy tale began around 1100 with the clearing and settlement by the Schwyz. In 1114 the conflict between the abbot of Einsiedeln and the country people of Schwyz (represented by the Counts of Lenzburg) over the area before Emperor Heinrich V was negotiated. The abbot prevailed with his complaint, and the imperial verdict was in favor of the monastery, whose territory was thereby expanded. In 1143, however, had to be negotiated again, this time before King Konrad III. This indicates that the judge's verdict was hardly heeded by the Schwyzers.

At the beginning of the 13th century the conflict over colonization broke out completely. A long-standing feud began between the two brothers from Rapperswil , the castellans from Einsiedeln and the Schwyzers in the form of mutual damage through fire, robbery and manslaughter.

In 1217 Count Rudolf II von Habsburg tried to settle the dispute, but failed. At his decision, the border between the monastery and the Schwyzers was shifted in favor of the Schwyz for the first time, whereby the settlement process was recognized.

From 1283 onwards, the Habsburgs were castellan over the Einsiedeln monastery. In the following years little changed in the course of the dispute; the Schwyz repeatedly occupied the property of the monastery.

With the death of King Albrecht I in 1308, the fairytale controversy flared up again. In 1309 the abbot of the monastery sued the court of the Bishop of Constance and obtained the excommunication of the Schwyz. The Schwyzers appealed to the Pope in Avignon with success. The ban was dissolved again in 1310. However, they were obliged to return the illegally occupied property. In 1313 the Schwyz were again excommunicated.

With the death of King Henry VII in August 1313, the situation became even more difficult. While the Habsburgs were busy hoisting a successor into imperial power (which only half succeeded with the double election of Friedrich the Beautiful and Ludwig the Bavarian ), the Schwyz attacked Einsiedeln Monastery on Epiphany in 1314, plundered it and led the monks to Altdorf .

Battle of Morgarten

Since Habsburg was still busy with electing the emperor, he waited for his intervention. This happened in 1315 at the Battle of Morgarten .

After the lost battle at Morgarten, Habsburg was still recognized as a power of order. In 1319 the Schwyz were again put under the spell by the Bishop of Strasburg. The settlement of the march controversy was only achieved in 1350 through the mediation of Thuringia von Attinghausen, one of the monks deported in 1314.

In 1394 the Schwyz received the bailiwick over the Einsiedeln monastery.

Film documentaries

literature

  • Andreas Riggenbach: The fairy tale dispute between Schwyz and Einsiedeln and the emergence of the Swiss Confederation (Spirit and Work of the Times; 15). Fretz & Wasmuth, Zurich 1966 (also dissertation, University of Zurich 1965).
  • Leo Wirth (Hrsg.): The Marchenstreit in Urschweiz. Rudolf von Radegg's poem "Capella Heremitarum" in Franz Uhr's translation . Sauerländer Verlag, Aarau 1909.

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