1338

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1338
Emperor Ludwig IV the Bavarian legally dissolves the election of emperor from the consent of the Pope .	Gottfried IV becomes the last Count of Arnsberg .
1338 in other calendars
Armenian calendar	786/787 (turn of the year July)
Ethiopian calendar	1330/31
Aztec calendar	1st house - Ce Calli (until the end of January / beginning of February 13th Feuerstein - Matlactli omey Tecpatl )
Buddhist calendar	1881/82 (southern Buddhism); 1880/81 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana )
Chinese calendar	67th (68th) cycle Year of the Earth Tiger戊寅 ( at the beginning of the year Fire Ox 丁丑)
Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam)	700/701 (turn of the year April)
Iranian calendar	716/717
Islamic calendar	738/739 (turn of the year 19/20 July)
Jewish calendar	5098/99 (September 14/15)
Coptic calendar	1054/55
Malayalam calendar	513/514
Seleucid era	Babylon: 1648/49 (turn of the year April) Syria: 1649/50 (turn of the year October)
Spanish era	1376
Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar)	1394/95

Events

Politics and world events

Holy Roman Empire

Rhenser explanation; Certificate without a seal from July 16, 1338

• July 16 : Six of the seven electors of the Holy Roman Empire form a Kurverein on the royal chair of Rhens to safeguard their rights ( Kurverein von Rhense ). They declare that a royal title chosen by them is legally valid without the consent of the Pope.
• August 6 : Emperor Ludwig IV. The Bavarian decreed at the Reichstag in Frankfurt am Main with the imperial laws Fidem catholicam and Licet iuris that the election of emperor was to be derived solely from the election of the Roman-German king and that no approval from the Pope was required .

Hundred Years War

Jacob van Artevelde: statue in Ghent

• 3rd January : The largest parish of Ghent in the county of Flanders elects Jacob van Artevelde as one of the five captains of the city. This has promised the citizens of the city, against the oppression of Count Ludwig I proceed. Through his support of the claim of Philip VI. conjured up on the French throne the boycott of the export of English wool to Flanders and the importation of Flemish cloth to England, which has catastrophic effects on the economy of his country. First of all, van Artevelde negotiates with France and England for neutrality and the confirmation of trade privileges. At the same time he succeeds in winning Bruges and Ypres for this cause and establishing a union with Johann III. close from Brabant . They ask Ludwig to choose only Flemish advisers and to govern together with the three cities.

Sea battle of Arnemuiden - Illumination in the Chroniques of the French historian Jean Froissart

• September 21 : The Arnemuiden Naval Battle is the first cannon battle. Five English nefs who made a great deal of wool for the drapers in the era of King Edward III of England . allied county of Flanders, are defeated by a French fleet in the early days of the Hundred Years War after valiant resistance. The goods are confiscated, the ships are incorporated into the French fleet and the captured English seamen are executed on the orders of Admiral Nicolas Béhuchet .
• October 5 : After winning a naval battle on the English Channel, a pirate fleet operating with French, Norman, Italian and Castilian sailors raids the city of Southampton , loots it, kills residents and leads prisoners into slavery .

Other events in Europe

• Gottfried IV becomes the last Count of Arnsberg .
• Amberg becomes the capital of the Upper Palatinate (until 1628 ).

First documentary mentions

• Gallenkirch is mentioned in a document for the first time.

economy

• Margrave Friedrich II of Meissen introduces the Meissen Groschen as currency in his country.

science and technology

• The Sorbonne library has around 40 single-volume Bibles.
• Konrad von Megenberg gives the second version of the “Planctus ecclesiae in Germaniam” to a papal legate. The subject of the book is the balance between the Sacerdotium and the Empire , which he tries to use in Benedict XII. To awaken understanding for Ludwig the Bavarian.

religion

• The German bishops support Ludwig IV and fail.
• The first major work by the Dominican and Milanese Galvano Fiamma (see 1333 ), "Cronica galvagnana", tells of the origins of Milan up to this year.

Sketch from a manuscript of the Summa logicae , which is supposed to represent Wilhelm von Ockham

• Wilhelm von Ockham repeats his criticism of the bull Redemptor noster by Benedict XII. (from 1336 ) in his Dialogus Magistri , referring to some of the sentences accused of Meister Eckhart .
• Michael of Cesena condemns Benedict XII. because of the continuation of the policy of John XXII.
• The Franciscan statutes state that each of their students in Paris should receive a Bible worth 300 livres or the equivalent in cash for their purchase.

Disasters

• The plague pandemic that broke out in China in 1331 reaches the Christian community of the Assyrian Church of the East in Issykkul on Lake Balkhash . It will reach Europe as the Black Death in 1347 .
• A locust invasion across Austria, the Czech Republic and Bavaria reached the Rhine-Main area in August. There is considerable damage and crop failures.

Born

Date of birth saved

• January 2 : Jean d'Outremeuse , Liège cleric and chronicler († 1400 )
• January 21 : Charles V , King of France († 1380 )
• February 3 : Jeanne de Bourbon , Queen of France († 1378 )
• November 29 : Lionel of Antwerp , English nobleman, Earl of Ulster († 1368 )

Exact date of birth unknown

• August: Arnaud-Amanieu d'Albret , French officer in the Hundred Years War, Sire of Albret and Nérac, Vice-Count of Tartas and Count of Dreux († 1401 )

• Alexios III , Emperor and Grand Commander of Trebizond († 1390 )
• Biligtü Khan , Khan of the Mongols in Karakoram († 1378 )
• Muhammad V , Emir of Granada († 1391 )
• Tvrtko I. , Ban of Bosnia († 1391 )

Died

Date of death secured

Hermann Morneweg's seal

• January 25 : Hermann Morneweg , Mayor of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck (* around 1270 )
• March 17th : Johann Heinrich IV. , Count of Görz (* around 1322 )
• March 30th : Friedrich III. von Leibnitz , Archbishop of Salzburg

• April 21 : Theodor I , Margrave of Montferrat (* 1291 )
• April 29 : Peter Wise , Lübeck businessman and sponsor of Doberan Monastery
• June 7th : Giles de Badlesmere , English nobleman (* 1314 )

• July 31 : Heinrich Krafft , Bishop of Lavant
• August 22 : Wilhelm II , Duke of Athens (* 1312 )

Exact date of death unknown

• before March 25: William Kyme , English nobleman (* around 1283 )
• September: Thomas of Brotherton , son of Edward I of England (* 1300 )

• Alfonso Fadrique de Aragón , Vicar of the Catalan Duchy of Athens (* around 1290 )
• Convenevole da Prato , Italian notary, envoy and educator (* around 1270 )
• Isabel de Clare , English nobleman (* 1263 )
• Richard de Clare , English clergyman (* around 1286 )
• John de Ros , English nobleman, courtier and admiral
• Friedrich von Wernigerode , Count of Wernigerode
• Hermann Klendenst , Lübeck businessman, banker and councilor
• Andrew Murray , Scottish military leader in the Scottish War of Independence and Guardian of Scotland (* 1298 )
• Nitta Yoshisada , Japanese nobleman and samurai (* 1301 )
• Marino Sanudo the Elder , Venetian statesman and geographer (* around 1260 )
• Wilhelm von Arnsberg , Lord of the County of Arnsberg (* around 1277 )

Web links

Commons : 1338  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ^ R. Glaser, Klimageschichte Mitteleuropas, Darmstadt 2001, p. 65