1390

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Heads of State · Nekrolog

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1390
Philippstein Castle is built.	John I of Castile dies.
1390 in other calendars
Armenian calendar	838/839 (turn of the year July)
Ethiopian calendar	1382/83
Aztec calendar	1st house - Ce Calli (until the end of January / beginning of February 13th Feuerstein - Matlactli omey Tecpatl )
Buddhist calendar	1933/34 (southern Buddhism); 1932/33 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana )
Chinese calendar	68th (69th) cycle Year of the Metal Horse庚午 ( at the beginning of the year Earth-Snake 己巳)
Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam)	752/753 (turn of the year April)
Iranian calendar	768/769
Islamic calendar	792/793 (turn of the year 8/9 December)
Jewish calendar	5150/51 (9/10 September)
Coptic calendar	1106/07
Malayalam calendar	565/566
Seleucid era	Babylon: 1700/01 (turn of the year April) Syria: 1701/02 (New Year October)
Spanish era	1428
Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar)	1446/47

Events

Politics and world events

Holy Roman Empire

Ruprecht II and his wife Beatrix of Sicily-Aragon

• February 16 : After the childless death of Ruprecht I and his nephew Ruprecht II , the entire Electoral Palatinate is reunited in one hand.

• Count Philipp I of Nassau-Weilburg and Saarbrücken built Philippstein Castle . It serves primarily to secure its territory and the mining mines.
• Frankfurt-Sachsenhausen is surrounded by a city wall, which includes the Affentor and the Kuhhirtenturm .

Other events in Europe

• April 19 : Robert II , first Scottish king of the Stewart family , dies in Dundonald Castle , Ayrshire . His eldest surviving son gave up his maiden name, John, and was named Robert III in Scone in August . crowned. However, since he has been partially paralyzed by the kick of a horse since 1387, the real power lies in the hands of his brother Robert Stewart, 1st Duke of Albany , the Great Chamberlain of Scotland .
• October 9 : After the death of Johann I , his eleven-year-old son Heinrich III climbs the mountain . , so far the first Prince of Asturias , the throne of Castile and León .

Asia Minor and Crusader States

• March 20 : Manuel III. is after the death of his father Alexios III. Emperor and Grand Commander of Trebizond

• Philadelphia in the Meander Valley, the last Byzantine city in Asia Minor , an isolated Greek enclave, is conquered by the Ottomans . Byzantium must provide auxiliary troops to the Ottoman Turks for the conquest .
• John I of Aragón hands the city of Neopatros over to Nerio I Acciaiuoli , Duke of Athens . The Duchy of Neopatria effectively ceases to exist.

North africa

The crusader fleet on their way to Africa, illustration from the Chronicles of Jean Froissart , 15th century

• Beginning of July: A French - Genoese fleet consisting of around 100 galleys sets sail under the command of Louis II. De Bourbon . The goal of the company, which is declared a crusade by both the Roman Pope Boniface VIII and the Avignonese antipope Clement VII , is the port city of Mahdia in the Hafsid Empire in Ifrīqiya in North Africa , which has long been a base for Muslim pirate trips and the associated ones Human trafficking works. After arriving in late July, the city is under siege. When a Saracen relief army marches, however, a grueling positional war develops. Epidemics break out in the crusader camp and morale sinks to a rock bottom.
• Mid-September: The crusade against Mahdia ends with a ten-year armistice, the city of Mahdia is supposed to pay its taxes to Genoa for fifteen years instead of to the Hafsid caliphs in Tunis . The crusaders leave North Africa in late September. On the way back, some ports in Sardinia that served as a supply base for the pirates are attacked, including Cagliari for Genoa.

• Barquq finally defeats as-Salih Hajji II and makes himself Sultan of the Mamluks in Egypt for the second time .

First documentary mentions

• The spruce mill near Heideck as well as the Steffelmühle and the Trebitzmühle near Altenkunstadt are first mentioned in a document.
• The places Autengrün , Berzovia , Feilitzsch , Feuerthalen , Greppin , Labenz , Moosmühle , Neidingen , mold village , Schirnewitz , Skeliwka , Straach , Temnitztal , Thalkleinich , Varadia , four acting and Wuschan are first mentioned.

science and technology

• The Halepaghen School in Buxtehude is first mentioned in a document as a Latin school .

Culture

architecture

• The city of Bologna commissioned the architect Antonio di Vincenzo to build the Basilica of San Petronio in Piazza Maggiore .

literature

Detail from the Flateyjarbók

• The Icelandic Flateyjarbók , the largest collection of manuscripts from the early days of Iceland , is completed. It is believed that it was originally intended as a gift to King Olaf Hákonarson .
• 1390/ 1391 : The Irish Book of Ballymote , a medieval compilation of historical, hagiographical and other literary texts is written.

religion

El Paular Monastery

• The monastery El Paular of the Carthusians is on the instruction of Henry III. built by Castile on the site of an old chapel.
• Kiprian becomes a metropolitan of Kiev, all of Russia and Lithuania.

Born

Date of birth saved

• June 23 : John of Krakow , priest of the diocese of Krakow and professor of theology at the Jagiellonian University there († 1473 )
• August 24 : Otto I , Count Palatine of Mosbach († 1461 )

Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester; contemporary drawing

• October 3 : Humphrey , English nobleman and regent of England († 1447 )
• December 27 : Anne de Mortimer , English nobleman († 1411 )

Exact date of birth unknown

• November: Elisabeth von Görlitz , Duchess of Luxembourg, Duchess of Brabant and Limburg as well as Duchess of Bavaria-Straubing and Countess of Holland, Zealand and Hainaut († 1451 )

• Francesco Barbaro , Venetian humanist and diplomat († 1454 )
• Dietrich , Count of Oldenburg († 1440 )
• Dietrich Schenk von Erbach , Archbishop of Mainz († 1459 )
• Archibald Douglas , Scottish nobleman, Guardian of Scotland and Duke of Touraine († 1439 )
• Matthäus Ensinger , builder of the southern German Gothic († 1463 )
• Georg I von Schaumberg , Prince-Bishop of the Bamberg Monastery († 1475 )
• Ranuccio Farnese il Vecchio , Italian condottiere, lord of Montalto, Latera, Farnese, Ischia, Valentano and Cellere, senator in Rome and count of Piansano († 1460 )
• Israel Isserlein , German rabbi († 1460 )
• John I of Glymes , Dutch nobleman († 1427 )
• Ludwig , Prince of Orange, Lord of Orbe, Echelens, Grandson etc. († 1463 )
• Magnus of Sachsen-Lauenburg , Bishop of Cammin and Hildesheim († 1452 )
• Moctezuma I , ruler of the Aztec city Tenochtitlán († 1469 )
• Cristoforo Moro , Doge of Venice († 1471 )
• Peter I , Count of Brienne and Conversano and Count of Saint-Pol († 1433 )
• André de Toulongeon , Grand Equestrian of France († 1432 )
• Giovanni Vitelleschi , Italian condottiere and cardinal († 1440 )
• Johannes Walling , German Roman Catholic clergyman at the Roman Curia and Provost in Lübeck († 1458 )

Born around 1390

• Barbara von Cilli , governor in Hungary and Roman-German, Hungarian and Bohemian queen († 1451 )
• Jan van Eyck , Flemish painter († 1441 )
• Lukas Moser , German painter
• Ralph Pudsey , English knight († 1468 )

Died

Date of death secured

• January 26th : Adolf VII the Mild , Count of Holstein-Kiel and Count of Holstein-Plön (* around 1327 )
• February 6 : Adolf von Nassau-Wiesbaden-Idstein , Bishop of Speyer and Archbishop of Mainz (* 1353 )
• February 16 : Ruprecht I , Count Palatine and Elector of the Palatinate, founder of the University of Heidelberg (* 1309 )

• March 4th : Ulrich I. von Rosenberg , Bohemian nobleman
• March 20 : Alexios III. , Emperor and Grand Commander of Trebizond (* 1338 )
• March 27 : Hedwig of Sagan , Queen of Poland and Duchess of Legnica (* 1340 / 1350 )

• April 13 : Konrad von Gelnhausen , Catholic priest, theologian and university professor (* around 1320/25)
• April 17th : Guy Brian , English nobleman, military man and diplomat (* around 1309 )
• April 19 : Robert II , King of Scotland (* 1316 )
• May 26th : Ferry Cassinel , Archbishop of Reims

• July 8 : Albert von Rickmersdorf , German mathematician and logician and Bishop of Halberstadt (* around 1316 )
• July 10 : Tommaso Orsini , Italian Cardinal of the Roman Church

• August 14 : John Arundel , English nobleman (* around 1364 )
• August 20 : Konrad Zöllner von Rotenstein , Grand Master of the Teutonic Order (* around 1325 )
• August 24th : Reinhard von Sayn , Bishop of Kulm

• September 4th : Ruprecht VII , Count of Nassau
• September 23 : Johann I , Duke of Lorraine (* 1346 )
• October 9 : John I , King of Castile and León (* 1358 )

Exact date of death unknown

• Hafez , Persian poet, (* around 1315 )
• Hartlevus de Marca , first rector of the University of Kölln (* around 1360)
• Ulrich Kyser , hospital master of the Kreuzherrenkloster in Memmingen
• Nikolaus von Rakonitz , Bohemian theologian and rector of Charles University in Prague (* around 1350)
• Potho von Pothenstein , Bishop of Münster and Schwerin
• As-Salih Hajji II , Sultan of the Mamluks in Egypt
• Sikander Shah , Sultan of Bengal (* around 1335)
• at-Taftāzānī , Islamic theologian, logician, legal scholar and Koran exegete (* 1322 )
• Tile Wardenberg , Mayor of Cölln (executed)
• Wartislaw V , Duke of Pomerania (* 1326 )

Web links

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