17th April

The April 17 is the 107th day of the Gregorian calendar (108th in leap years ), thus remain 258 days by year end.

Historic anniversaries March · April · May

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Events

Politics and world events

• 0642 : Members of a noble party in the Visigoth Empire rebel against King Tulga , with whose policy they are dissatisfied. He will be succeeded by the 80-year-old Chindaswinth , who will be formally made king on April 30th.

1414: Louis VII the Bearded

• 1414 : The Parakeet Society is founded in Kelheim , an association of opponents of Duke Ludwig the Bearded of Bavaria-Ingolstadt . The founder is Ludwig's cousin Heinrich der Reiche von Bayern-Landshut , other members are the Dukes Ernst and Wilhelm III. of Bavaria-Munich and Count Palatine Johann von Pfalz-Neumarkt .
• 1492 : In the fortified camp of Santa Fe in Granada , which was conquered shortly before as part of the Reconquista , the Catholic kings Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragón, with the surrender of Santa Fe, grant the Genoese navigator Christopher Columbus the permission and financial support for his journey in search of a sea ​​route to India , and appoint him viceroy and governor-general over all areas he discovered, with the right to keep a tenth of the riches found there for himself.
• 1525 : During the German Peasant War , Georg von Waldburg-Zeil , the military leader of the Swabian Confederation , concludes the Weingarten Treaty with some of the rebellious peasants . The treaty only brings selective improvements for the farmers, but gives the federal government the breathing space it needs to finally put down the uprising.

1555: Cosimo I de 'Medici

• 1555 : After a 15-month siege by Florentine imperial troops , the city of Siena, supported by France, gives up due to food shortages. Cosimo I de 'Medici from Florence effectively put an end to the rival city ​​republic of Siena. The city and territory are ultimately incorporated into his Grand Duchy of Tuscany .
• 1573 : The Battle of Vlissingen takes place at sea during the Eighty Years' War . A fleet of the Spanish Armada bombs the city of Vlissingen . The Dutch manage to sink five enemy ships in battle, which leads to the Spaniards withdrawing from the Vlissingen theater of war.
• 1839 : With the exit of Guatemala as the fourth of five states, the Central American Confederation ends de facto , even if El Salvador together with the Los Altos province, which has split off from Guatemala, still carries the name for some time.
• 1861 : The previous US state of Virginia leaves the Union to join the Confederate States of America on May 7th . As early as April 27, this led to the separation of some northwestern counties, which merged to form a new state under the name West Virginia .

1895: Contract conclusion in Shimonoseki

• 1895 : The Peace of Shimonoseki ends the First Sino-Japanese War . The contract signed by Itō Hirobumi for Japan and Li Hongzhang for China in the Japanese port of Shimonoseki is counted among the so-called unequal contracts because of its one-sided burdens for the inferior China .
• 1912 : A tsarist regiment perpetrated the Lena massacre of striking workers from the mining company Lena Goldfields Ltd. in Bodaibo . At least 150 dead and 100 wounded remain behind.

1917: Lenin's speech to the Petrograd Soviet

• 1917 : One day after his return to Russia , Lenin gave a lecture on a political program for further developments after the February Revolution at a conference of the Bolsheviks in the Tauride Palace in Petrograd . It is the basis for his April theses published three days later in Pravda .
• 1941 : Eleven days after the start of the German Wehrmacht's Balkan campaign in World War II , Yugoslavia surrenders to the German and Italian troops. As a result, the state is broken up into several small units.
• 1942 : The French general Henri Giraud escapes from German captivity in the Königstein fortress in Saxon Switzerland .
• 1945 : Leopold Kunschak , Hans Pernter , Lois Weinberger , Leopold Figl , Julius Raab and Felix Hurdes found the Austrian People's Party (ÖVP) at the Schottenstift in Vienna .
• 1946 : The Syrian Arab Republic is proclaimed in Syria three days after the last French troops have withdrawn . April 17th is still today the Syrian national holiday.
• 1956 : In its newspaper, the Cominform in Bucharest announces the dissolution of its organization, which is supported by communist parties.

1961: Location of the Bay of Pigs in Cuba

• 1961 : The military unit Brigade 2506, made up of Cuban exiles who fled to the USA after the Cuban Revolution, lands in the Bay of Pigs in Cuba . The CIA- supported invasion of the Bay of Pigs , in which Jorge Mas Canosa , Luis Posada Carriles and Orlando Bosch Ávila , among others , took part, failed after a few days.
• 1963 : Egypt, Iraq and Syria agree to form a new United Arab Republic ; however, the project fails in July of that year.
• 1969 : Alexander Dubček , the father of the “ Prague Spring ”, has to cede his position as head of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia to Gustáv Husák under Soviet pressure and takes over the chairmanship of the National Assembly.
• 1971 : Libya , Syria and Egypt decide to found a Federation of Arab Republics . In the pan-Arab constitution, which also provides for the accession of other Arab states , comes into force on January 1, 1972. It was dissolved again in 1977.
• 1975 : The Khmer Rouge under Pol Pot take the Cambodian capital Phnom Penh and are initially enthusiastically welcomed by the population. Norodom Sihanouk , living in exile , is appointed head of state. As a result, the Khmer Rouge began in what is now the " Democratic Kampuchea " with the systematic evacuation and expulsion of the urban population into the countryside.
• 1982 : The 1982 constitutional law passed jointly by Canada under Pierre Trudeau and Great Britain under Margaret Thatcher comes into force, with which the British Parliament renounces any legislation for Canada and thus eliminates Canada's last dependencies on Great Britain . At the same time, Canada receives an extensive catalog of fundamental rights.
• 1986 : The Netherlands and the Isles of Scilly officially sign a peace treaty to end their state of war, which has existed since 1651. Critics object that the conflict was over with the end of the first Anglo-Dutch War in 1654.
• 1989 : On Tian'anmen Square in Beijing there is a large demonstration for the Chinese reformist Hu Yaobang, who died two days earlier .
• 1996 : In Eldorado dos Carajás in the state of Pará , Brazilian military police use armed force to clear a street that is blocked by members of the Landless Workers Movement (MST). 19 MST activists are killed in the action. A pillar of shame later commemorates the event.
• 2003 : Anneli Jäätteenmäki from the Finnish Center Party becomes Finland's head of government. She resigned after just 63 days for using confidential State Department information in the election campaign.

2004: Ivan Gašparovič

• 2004 : Ivan Gašparovič , the former confidante of Vladimír Mečiar , wins the runoff of the Slovak presidential elections with 59.91% of the vote. He will take office on June 15th.

economy

• 1869 : Baron Maurice de Hirsch receives the concession from Sultan Abdülaziz to build the Chemins de fer Orientaux in the European part of the Ottoman Empire .
• 1919 : The US film stars Charlie Chaplin , Douglas Fairbanks , Mary Pickford and director David Wark Griffith found the film production company United Artists as a distributor for independent film productions.

1958: The Atomium during the World's Fair

• 1958 : The first world exhibition since 1939 opens in Brussels . The Atomium , built for the occasion, becomes the city's landmark.
• 1964 : The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg is at the Our the Vianden Pumped Storage Plant officially opened. It is the largest power plant of its kind in Europe.
• 1973 : The US courier and logistics company Federal Express commences operations with 14 aircraft, which are currently used to serve 25 cities in the USA.
• 1979 : The first kiosk edition of the left-wing alternative national daily newspaper taz appears in Berlin. The newspaper sees itself as an alternative to the previously exclusively middle-class newspaper market.
• 1996 : The news website Heise online publishes its first news item.

science and technology

360 BC Chr .: course of the lunar eclipse

• 360 BC Chr .: The historical lunar eclipse of 16./17. April is documented in several Babylonian cuneiform scripts. It is important for dating rulers in Persia and Egypt.

1784: NGC 4216

• 1784 : The German-British astronomer Wilhelm Herschel discovered several galaxies in the constellation Virgo : NGC 4216 , NGC 4267 , NGC 4387 , NGC 4388 , NGC 4775 and NGC 4981 .
• 1789 : Wilhelm Herschel finds the galaxies NGC 3448 and NGC 5585 in the constellation Great Bear .
• 1912 : A hybrid solar eclipse strikes eastern North and South America, northwestern Africa, Europe and the Middle East. In the Ruhr area it is almost total with a sun cover of 99.9%.
• 1933 : In protest against the law to restore the civil service , the physicist and Nobel Prize winner James Franck resigns from his professorship at the University of Göttingen .
• 1934 : The twin-engine, as biplane designed commercial aircraft De Havilland Dragon Rapide DH.89 start to its first flight .
• 1964 : Jerrie Mock completes a woman's first solo flight around the world with her Cessna 180 . After 29 days, 11 hours and 59 minutes, it lands back at its departure point in Columbus , Ohio, USA.
• 1964 : At the world exhibition in New York the automobile manufacturer Ford presented the model Ford Mustang . With the car, which is technically based on the Ford Falcon , the class of " pony cars " is created.

1970: Apollo 13 on the deck of the USS Iwo Jima

• 1970 : After a four-day spectacular rescue maneuver, the astronauts of the failed Apollo 13 mission, Jim Lovell , Jack Swigert and Fred Haise , return to Earth. After landing in the Pacific, they will be safely taken on board by the USS Iwo Jima (LPH-2) .
• 2002 : German and Danish limnologists discover a new order of insects in Namibia and call them gladiators or mantophasmatodea .

Culture

• 1893 : Gustav Schreck is introduced as the successor to Wilhelm Rust, who died the previous year, as Thomaskantor of the St. Thomas Choir in Leipzig .

1907: Harriet Bosse as Indra's daughter at the first performance in 1907

• 1907 : The play Ein Traumspiel , a “dramatic-lyrical fantasy” by August Strindberg , is premiered at Svenska Teatern in Stockholm.
• 1935 : The operetta film Der Zigeunerbaron by Karl Hartl based on music by Johann Strauss is premiered in Berlin. The main roles are played by Adolf Wohlbrück , Hansi Knoteck , Fritz Kampers and Gina Falckenberg . Alois Melichar edited the music for the film.
• 1961 : With the Academy Awards is Billy Wilder 's film The Apartment with Jack Lemmon and Shirley MacLaine with five Academy Awards the big winner. Among other things, he received the Oscar for best film and best director .

society

• 1897 : The Dallas Morning News publishes a report by HE Haydon about an alleged UFO incident the previous day in Aurora, Texas . The report is now viewed as a hoax .

religion

1521: Luther at the Reichstag in Worms (colored woodcut, 1556)

• 1521 : The Reichstag in Worms , chaired by Emperor Charles V , questions Martin Luther , who has traveled with the assurance of safe conduct, about his theses for the first time.
• 1757 : Pope Benedict XIV lifts the ban of the Roman Catholic Church against works that contain a heliocentric view of the world .
• 1907 : The reformed theologian Leonhard Ragaz organizes a religious-social gathering in Zurich and thus becomes a co-founder of the influential movement of religious socialism in Switzerland.
• 1949 : Brother Roger Schutz founds the ecumenical Community de Taizé . Schutz, Max Thurian , Pierre Souvairan , Brother Daniel , Brother Robert , Axel Lochen and Albert Lacour are the first brothers to take their religious vows.

Disasters

• 1947 : The British passenger steamer Sir Harvey Adamson disappears without a trace on a voyage from Rangoon to Mergui . There were 269 passengers and crew on board.

Minor accidents are listed in the sub-articles of Catastrophe .

Sports

• 1860 : Near Farnborough , Hampshire , there is a sensational illegal boxing match between the 33-year-old unofficial English heavyweight champion Tom Sayers and the eight-year-old American John C. Heenan , who is about 13 cm taller and 20 kilograms heavier . After more than 40 rounds and over 2 hours, the fight was interrupted when Heenan tried to strangle Sayers and the spectators then stormed the boxing ring. The fight resumed a little later and continued for another five rounds without a man being able to continue a boxing match; the match is considered a tie - both get a belt.
• 1869 : With the Eimsbüttel Velocipede Club , the first German cycling club is established in Altona / Elbe .
• 1875 : British colonial officers probably invent that day in Ooty Club of Udagamandalam , India, the billiard sport Snooker .
• 1899 : The sports club VfL Osnabrück is founded.
• 1937 : 149,547 visitors watch the international match between Scotland and England in Hampden Park in Glasgow . It is the highest attendance at a football match before World War II.

Entries of track and field world records can be found under the respective discipline under track and field .

Born

Before the 18th century

Max I. (* 1573)

• 0593 : Jomei , Japanese Tennō
• 1277 : Michael IX. , Co-emperor of Byzantium
• 1313 : Constantine V , King of Armenia
• 1455 : Andrea Gritti , 77th Doge of Venice
• 1478 : Giorgione , Italian painter
• 1497 : Pedro de Valdivia , Spanish conquistador and founder of Santiago de Chile
• 1539 : Hartwig Schmidenstet , German rhetorician
• 1573 : Maximilian I , Elector of Bavaria
• 1586 : John Ford , English playwright (baptized date)
• 1587 : Ivan Lukačić , Croatian composer
• 1589 : Martin Zeiller , German compilation and travel writer
• 1592 : Sigismund Heusner von Wandersleben , German officer and politician
• 1598 : Giovanni Riccioli , Italian theologian, astronomer and philosopher
• 1604 : Frans Luycx , Flemish portrait painter
• 1649 : Meinrad Guggenbichler , Swiss Baroque sculptor active in Austria

18th century

• 1702 : Michael Ambrosovszky , Hungarian church historian
• 1704 : Andrija Kačić Miošić , Croatian Franciscan and poet
• 1710 : Johann Martin Chladni , German Protestant theologian and historian
• 1710 : Henry David Erskine, 10th Earl of Buchan , Scottish nobleman
• 1726 : François-Thomas Germain , French silversmith
• 1734 : Taksin , King of Siam
• 1735 : Johann Seivert , Transylvanian-Saxon poet, historian and lexicographer
• 1739 : Robert-André Andréa de Nerciat , French writer, soldier, architect and librarian
• 1739 : Caroline Schuch , German actress
• 1741 : Samuel Chase , one of the founding fathers of the USA
• 1741 : Carl Conti , Austrian engraver
• 1741 : Johann Gottlieb Naumann , German composer
• 1742 : Salomé de Gélieu , teacher and educator (governess)
• 1748 : Charles Blagden , British physician and naturalist
• 1748 : Leopold Leonhard von Thun and Hohenstein , Bishop of Passau
• 1754 : Nikolai Mordvinov , Russian admiral
• 1755 : Louis Marie de Narbonne-Lara , French military and politician
• 1764 : Richard Stockton , American politician
• 1770 : Mahlon Dickerson , American politician
• 1774 : Friedrich Koenig , German printer and inventor
• 1774 : Wenzel Johann Tomaschek , Czech music teacher and composer
• 1779 : Friedrich von Boyneburgk , German composer
• 1781 : Christoph Rommel , German historian and philologist
• 1782 : Friedrich Wilhelm Belgicus von Bentheim-Bentheim , Austrian Lieutenant Field Marshal
• 1782 : Friedrich Hellwig , German singer, actor and director
• 1786 : Charles Angélique François Huchet de La Bédoyère , French lieutenant general under Napoléon Bonaparte
• 1786 : August Wilhelm von Neumann-Cosel , Prussian infantry general and head of the military cabinet
• 1788 : Wassilij Athanasieff , Russian court chaplain and confessor to the Queen of Württemberg
• 1794 : Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius , German naturalist, botanist and ethnographer
• 1795 : George Edmund Badger , American politician
• 1797 : Pierre Leroux , French philosopher
• 1799 : Elizabeth Acton , British cook, cookbook author and poet

19th century

1801-1850

• 1802 : Vincenc Morstadt , Czech painter and draftsman

Jim Bridger (* 1804)

• 1804 : Jim Bridger , American trapper, scout and explorer
• 1804 : Rudolf Wiegmann , German architect, painter and art writer
• 1809 : Julie Rettich , German actress
• 1810 : Johann Ulrich Wirth , German Protestant theologian
• 1814 : August Grisebach , German botanist and university professor
• 1814 : Josif Pančić , Serbian botanist
• 1815 : Hartvig Nissen , Norwegian school reformer
• 1817 : Rudolf Eitelberger , Austrian art historian
• 1818 : Rudolf von Apfaltern , Austrian military
• 1820 : Johan Gottfried Conradi , Norwegian composer
• 1825 : Johann Fürst , Austrian actor and theater director
• 1828 : Julius Bremer , co-founder of the Magdeburg labor movement
• 1832 : Oskar von Collas , German Prussian major general

John Pierpont Morgan (* 1837)

• 1833 : Jean Baptiste Accolay , Belgian composer, violinist, violin teacher and conductor
• 1837 : John Pierpont Morgan , American entrepreneur and banker
• 1838 : Antoinette von Sachsen-Altenburg , Duchess of Anhalt
• 1842 : Maurice Rouvier , French minister
• 1843 : Camillo Sitte , Austrian architect and town planner
• 1845 : Max Arnhold , Dresdner banker

1851-1900

• 1851 : Friedrich von Duhn , German archaeologist

Ida Boy-Ed (* 1852)

• 1852 : Ida Boy-Ed , German writer
• 1853 : Arthur Moritz Schoenflies , German mathematician
• 1856 : Federico Cattani Amadori , cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church
• 1856 : Edward Jakobowski , English composer
• 1860 : Friedrich Uhlhorn , German Protestant theologian and church historian
• 1863 : Augustus Edward Hough Love , English mathematician
• 1863 : Ernst Kapff , German writer, reform pedagogue and archaeologist
• 1864 : Karl Henckell , German poet and writer
• 1868 : Felix Beran , Austrian-Swiss technician, poet, writer and translator
• 1870 : Max Berg , German architect

Rudolf Pöch (* 1870)

• 1870 : Rudolf Pöch , Austrian ethnographer, anthropologist and researcher
• 1872 : Maximilian Beyer , German Catholic theologian
• 1873 : Alphonse Lavallée-Smith , Canadian composer, organist and music teacher
• 1874 : Rudolf Berger , German singer
• 1876 : Aleksander Majkowski , Kashubian and Polish author
• 1876 : Fatma Pesend , 11th wife of Sultan Abdülhamid II.
• 1877 : Jean Goulet , Canadian violinist, clarinetist, conductor and music teacher
• 1880 : Arthur Trebitsch , Austrian writer and philosopher
• 1881 : Anton Wildgans , Austrian playwright and poet
• 1882 : Artur Schnabel , Austrian pianist and composer
• 1883 : Charles Brabin , American film director
• 1883 : Walter Wilhelm Goetze , German operetta composer
• 1883 : Curt Unckel , German ethnologist

Karen Blixen (* 1885)

• 1885 : Karen Blixen , Danish writer ( Den afrikanske Farm / Out of Africa )
• 1885 : Toine van Renterghem , Dutch football player
• 1888 : Jan Vos , Dutch football player
• 1888 : Józef Retinger , Polish politician and organizer of the Bilderberg Conference
• 1889 : Joseph Georg Oberkofler , Austrian lawyer, narrator and poet
• 1890 : Art Acord , American silent film actor and rodeo champion
• 1890 : Carl Krayl , German architect
• 1890 : Johnny St. Cyr , American banjo player and guitarist
• 1891 : George Adamski , American science fiction writer and ufologist
• 1891 : José Enrique Varela , Spanish general
• 1893 : Hans Bohnenkamp , German pedagogue, university professor and university director
• 1893 : Marguerite Broquedis , French tennis player
• 1895 : Wilhelm Ahlmann , German banker
• 1897 : Thomas Ryum Amlie , American politician
• 1897 : Antoon Coolen , Dutch writer and journalist
• 1897 : Julius von Jan , Protestant pastor and resistance fighter against National Socialism
• 1897 : Harald Sæverud , Norwegian composer

Thornton Wilder (* 1897)

• 1897 : Thornton Wilder , American writer
• 1898 : Hans Blöcker , German politician
• 1898 : Armand Hiebner , Swiss music critic and choir director
• 1899 : Bernhard Sprengel , German chocolate manufacturer and art patron
• 1899 : Aleksander Klumberg , Estonian athlete
• 1900 : Gebhard Müller , German lawyer and politician, Member of the State Parliament, Prime Minister, Member of the Bundestag, President of the Federal Constitutional Court

20th century

1901-1925

• 1901 : Eduard Clasen , German politician
• 1901 : Raúl Prebisch , Argentine development economist
• 1903 : Elmer Miller , American baseball player
• 1903 : Nicolas Nabokov , Russian-American composer

Gregor Piatigorsky (* 1903)

• 1903 : Gregor Piatigorsky , American cellist of Ukrainian origin
• 1904 : Joseph Ahrens , German composer and organist
• 1905 : Hanns Erich Köhler , German caricaturist and graphic artist
• 1906 : Rudolf Schündler , German actor and director (co-founder of the Munich cabaret Die Schaubude )
• 1907 : Paul Eliasberg , German-French graphic artist
• 1907 : Hubertus Lehner , German painter
• 1908 : Karlheinz Spielmann , altruistic lawyer
• 1909 : Ernst Baumann , Swiss artist
• 1909 : Wils Ebert , German architect and urban planner
• 1910 : Vladas Mikėnas , Lithuanian chess player
• 1911 : Helmut Apffel , German philologist, local historian and educator
• 1912 : Marta Eggerth , Hungarian operetta singer and film actress
• 1913 : Michał Klepfisz , Polish resistance fighter

Sirimavo Bandaranaike (* 1916)

• 1916 : Sirimavo Bandaranaike , Sri Lankan Prime Minister
• 1918 : William Holden , American film actor
• 1919 : Françoise Perret , Swiss journalist and politician
• 1919 : Chavela Vargas , Mexican singer
• 1919 : J. Rodolfo Wilcock , Italian writer of Argentine origin
• 1920 : Bengt Anderberg , Swedish translator and writer
• 1921 : Sergio Sollima , Italian film director
• 1921 : Ernst Wagner , German agricultural scientist and regional historian
• 1923 : Addi Adametz , German actress
• 1923 : Lindsay Anderson , British director
• 1923 : Harry Reasoner , American journalist
• 1923 : Jacques Sternberg , Belgian writer
• 1924 : Arturo Correa , Puerto Rican actor, film director and producer
• 1924 : Kazimierz Dejmek , Polish theater director
• 1925 : Kurt Hartung , German marathon runner
• 1925 : Alf Lechner , German sculptor
• 1925 : Gitta Lind , German pop singer
• 1925 : Annelie Thorndike , documentarist from the GDR
• 1925 : Henry Volken , Swiss theologian and sociologist

1926-1950

Margot Honecker (* 1927)

• 1927 : Margot Honecker , Minister for Popular Education in the GDR and third wife of Erich Honecker
• 1929 : James Last , German band leader and composer, arranger and music producer
• 1929 : Helen Meier , Swiss writer
• 1929 : Karl-Erik Palmér , Swedish football player
• 1929 : Józef Pińkowski , Polish Prime Minister
• 1930 : Günther Andergassen , Tyrolean composer and former underground fighter
• 1930 : Reza Badiyi , Iranian film director and film producer
• 1930 : Chris Barber , British trombonist and band leader
• 1930 : Hugo Dudli , Swiss composer and conductor
• 1931 : Rudolf Austen , German painter and graphic artist
• 1931 : Bill Ramsey , German-American jazz and pop singer, journalist and actor
• 1931 : Hilmar Thate , German actor
• 1932 : Rolf Schneider , German writer
• 1932 : Jiří Strejc , Czech composer, organist, choir director and music teacher
• 1933 : Loris Chobanian , Armenian-American composer, conductor, guitarist and music teacher
• 1933 : Joachim Kroll , German serial killer
• 1933 : John Sands , Canadian speed skater
• 1934 : Wedig Kausch-Blecken von Schmeling , German forest scientist
• 1935 : Theo Angelopoulos , Greek film director
• 1935 : Lamar Lundy , American football player
• 1935 : Grigori Konstantinowitsch Sanakojew , Russian chess player
• 1936 : Siegfried Schmidt-Joos , German author, music and culture editor

Ferdinand Karl Piëch (* 1937)

• 1937 : Ferdinand Piëch , Austrian manager, chairman of the supervisory board of the VW group
• 1938 : Rolf Kalmuczak , German writer
• 1938 : Teddy Parker , German singer and radio presenter
• 1940 : Billy Fury , British rock and roll singer
• 1940 : Siegfried Jerusalem , German singer
• 1940 : Walter Klaiber , Bishop of the United Methodist Church of Germany
• 1940 : Anja Silja , German soprano
• 1940 : Agostino Vallini , Cardinal Prefect of the Apostolic Signature
• 1941 : Fritz von Friedl , Austrian actor and speaker
• 1941 : Adolphus Hailstork , American composer and music teacher
• 1942 : Kenos Aroi , Nauruan politician and President of the Republic of Nauru
• 1942 : David Bradley , British actor
• 1942 : Katia Krafft , French volcanologist
• 1942 : Aziz Mian , Pakistani qawwali singer
• 1942 : Michael Ranta , American composer
• 1942 : Lisa Seuster , German politician, Member of the Bundestag
• 1942 : Buster Williams , American jazz bassist
• 1943 : James Curnow , American composer and professor
• 1943 : Jürgen Dueball , German chess and bridge player
• 1943 : Roy Estrada , American rock singer and bassist

Monika Hauff (* 1944)

• 1944 : Monika Hauff , German singer
• 1946 : Georges JF Köhler , German biologist
• 1947 : Albert Deß , German politician, Member of the Bundestag
• 1947 : Achim Großmann , German politician
• 1947 : Werner Hackmann , German politician and sports official
• 1947 : Sherrie Levine , American photographer and conceptual artist
• 1948 : Jan Hammer , Czech-American jazz pianist and keyboard player
• 1948 : Karl-Heinz Struth , German soccer player
• 1948 : Pekka Vasala , Finnish athlete, Olympic champion

1951-1975

• 1951 : Jack Bruno , British drummer

Horst Hrubesch (* 1951)

• 1951 : Horst Hrubesch , German soccer player and coach
• 1951 : Olivia Hussey , Argentine-British actress
• 1951 : Börje Salming , Swedish ice hockey player
• 1952 : Hans Dobbertin , German mathematician and cryptologist
• 1952 : Dieter Dörr , German lawyer
• 1952 : Robert Gliński , Polish film director
• 1952 : Željko Ražnatović , Yugoslav-Serbian war criminal
• 1953 : Pierre Assouline , French writer and journalist
• 1953 : Frithjof Schmidt , German politician, MEP
• 1954 : Riccardo Patrese , Italian Formula 1 driver
• 1954 : Michael Sembello , American singer and musician
• 1955 : Jürgen Banzer , German politician
• 1955 : Rob Bolland , Dutch musician ( Bolland & Bolland )
• 1955 : Kristine Sutherland , American actress
• 1956 : Patrick Gallois , French classical flautist

Josef Zisyadis (* 1956)

• 1956 : Josef Zisyadis , Swiss politician and theologian
• 1957 : Marc Marie Max Aillet , French Bishop of Bayonne
• 1957 : Teresa Austin , Canadian actress and animal rights activist
• 1957 : Dwane Casey , American basketball coach
• 1957 : Nick Hornby , British writer
• 1957 : Jacqueline Moudeina , Chadian lawyer and human rights activist
• 1958 : Stephan Niklaus , Swiss athlete
• 1958 : Ralf Wosik , German table tennis player
• 1959 : Sean Bean , British actor
• 1959 : Günter Eymold , German soccer player
• 1959 : Nanette Scriba , German chanson singer
• 1960 : Thomas Blenke , German local politician
• 1960 : Jörg Michael Peters , German auxiliary bishop in Trier and titular bishop of Fordongianus
• 1961 : Rogelio J. Pineiro , American author
• 1961 : Geet Sethi , Indian billiards player and world champion
• 1962 : Heidi Attenberger , German rower
• 1962 : Georg Böhm , German-Hungarian table tennis player
• 1962 : Joanna Murray-Smith , Australian writer
• 1963 : Ellen Breen , American freestyle skier
• 1963 : Randy Edmonds , Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1963 : Alfred Hochedlinger , Austrian composer
• 1963 : Uwe Streb , German speed skater
• 1964 : Laurent Achard , French film director, producer and screenwriter
• 1964 : Maynard James Keenan , American record producer and winemaker, actor and singer ( Tool )
• 1964 : Martin Nettesheim , German lawyer

Javier Girotto (* 1965)

• 1965 : Javier Girotto , Argentine jazz saxophonist, clarinetist and flutist
• 1965 : Mike Fuhrig , German handball player
• 1965 : Hary Raithofer , Austrian radio presenter
• 1965 : William Mapother , American actor
• 1966 : Sandra Seuser , German athlete
• 1967 : Michael Ammann , German composer, improviser, performer and phonetician
• 1967 : Matt Chamberlain , American drummer and percussionist
• 1967 : Kimberly Elise , American actress
• 1967 : Liz Phair , American rock singer
• 1968 : Adam McKay , American screenwriter, film producer, and film director
• 1968 : Marc Wagner , German-Austrian television presenter and TV producer
• 1969 : Henry Ian Cusick , Peruvian film and stage actor
• 1969 : Kim Fisher , German singer and television presenter
• 1969 : Wadym Kulabuchow , Ukrainian ice hockey player
• 1969 : Oliver Piper , German actor
• 1970 : Pascale Arbillot , French actress
• 1970 : Petr Borkovec , Czech poet, translator and culture editor
• 1970 : Redman , American rapper
• 1970 : Lars Rensmann , German professor
• 1971 : David Wagner , German writer

Jennifer Garner (* 1972)

• 1972 : Jennifer Garner , American actress
• 1972 : Minna Suoniemi , Finnish video artist
• 1972 : Yūichi Nishimura , Japanese football referee
• 1973 : Doug Ast , Canadian professional ice hockey
• 1973 : Kenneth Carlsen , Danish tennis player
• 1974 : Mikael Åkerfeldt , Swedish rock musician
• 1974 : Victoria Beckham , British pop singer
• 1975 : Wenderson Arruda Said , Brazilian soccer player
• 1975 : Stefano Fiore , Italian football player
• 1975 : Ulf Ganschow , German handball player

1976-2000

• 1976 : Peter Aumer , German business economist and politician

Uladsimir Samsonau (* 1977)

• 1976 : Uladsimir Samsonau , Belarusian table tennis professional
• 1976 : Sizzla , Jamaican singer, reggae and dancehall performer
• 1977 : Chad Hedrick , American speed skater and speed skater
• 1977 : Frederik Magle , Danish composer, concert organist and pianist
• 1978 : Monika Bergmann , German ski racer
• 1978 : Juan Guillermo Castillo , Uruguayan soccer player
• 1978 : Karsten Ganschow , German handball player and business economist
• 1978 : Hannu Manninen , Finnish Nordic combined athlete
• 1978 : David Murdoch , Scottish curler
• 1978 : Jason White , Scottish rugby player
• 1979 : Aurore Lalucq , French politician
• 1981 : Luca Denicolà , Swiss football player
• 1981 : Laura Klemke , German guitarist
• 1982 : Robert Labs , German comic artist
• 1982 : Lee Si-young , South Korean actress
• 1983 : Marcel Effenberger , German handball player
• 1984 : Rosanna Davison , Irish model
• 1984 : CashMo , German rapper and producer
• 1984 : Raffaele Palladino , Italian football player
• 1985 : Steffen Bühler , German handball player

Jo-Wilfried Tsonga (* 1985)

• 1985 : Jo-Wilfried Tsonga , French tennis player
• 1986 : Jens Bechtloff , German handball player
• 1986 : Romain Grosjean , French-Swiss racing driver
• 1986 : Toon Leenders , Dutch handball player
• 1987 : Tom James , Welsh rugby player
• 1987 : Jacqueline MacInnes Wood , Canadian actress
• 1988 : Veronica Ricci , American actress
• 1988 : Pernille Wibe , Norwegian handball player
• 1989 : Fabio Leimer , Swiss racing driver
• 1989 : Charles Aránguiz , Chilean football player
• 1989 : Olga Igorewna Fomina , Russian handball player
• 1990 : Astrit Ajdarević , Kosovar-Swedish football player
• 1991 : Oğuz Yılmaz , German-Turkish web video producer
• 1992 : Jan Forstbauer , German handball player
• 1992 : Shkodran Mustafi , German football player
• 1992 : Jasper Stuyven , Belgian racing cyclist
• 1998 : Anna Gerhardt , German soccer player

Died

Before the 16th century

• 0546 BC BC : Adad-happe , mother of the last neo-Babylonian king Nabonidus
• 0166 : Anicetus , Roman bishop and martyr
• 0328 : Alexander , Bishop of Alexandria
• 0485 : Proclus , Neoplatonic philosopher
• 0744 : al-Walid II , caliph
• 0818 : Bernard , King of Italy
• 0851 : Blutenda , abbess of the Münsterschwarzach convent
• 0858 : Benedict III. , Pope
• 1067 : Robert von Turlande , French nobleman, founder of the Benedictine monastery La Chaise-Dieu and saint of the Catholic Church
• 1080 : Harald Hen , Danish king
• 1111 : Robert von Molesme , Benedictine abbot, order reformer and co-founder of the Cistercian order
• 1229 : Bernhard I , Count of Lebenau
• 1294 : Rudolf von Bern , child murder victim and cause of a pogrom against the Bernese Jews
• 1298 : Albrecht II , Count of Hohenberg-Rotenburg
• 1298 : Árni Þorláksson , Icelandic bishop
• 1344 : Constantine IV , King of Armenia
• 1355 : Marino Faliero , 55th Doge of Venice
• 1372 : Ton'a , Japanese poet
• 1390 : Guy Brian, 1st Baron Brian , English nobleman, military and diplomat

Wartislaw IX. of Pommern-Wolgast († 1457)

• 1427 : Johann IV. , Duke of Brabant, Lothier and Limburg, Count of Hainaut, Holland and Zeeland
• 1457 : Wartislaw IX. , Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast

16th to 18th century

• 1529 : Louis de Berquin , French humanist, lawyer, civil servant, linguist and reformer
• 1539 : George the Bearded , Duke of Saxony
• 1540 : Stanislaus Thurzo , Bishop of Olomouc
• 1555 : Nicolaus II von Carlowitz , Bishop of Meissen
• 1558 : Roxelane , favorite wife of the Ottoman Sultan Suleyman I.
• 1561 : Johannes Tiedemann , Bishop of Lübeck
• 1574 : Joachim Camerarius the Elder , German humanist, polymath and poet
• 1600 : Konrad Friederich , Mayor of St. Gallen
• 1628 : Rudolf Christian , Count of East Frisia from 1625
• 1630 : Christian I , Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg and governor of the Upper Palatinate
• 1652 : Henry Howard, 22nd Earl of Arundel , English nobleman
• 1657 : Heinrich Cosel , Bohemian jurist
• 1675 : Marie-Madeleine de Vignerot , French nobleman and patron
• 1687 : George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham , English diplomat
• 1690 : Caspar Ziegler , lawyer, poet and composer
• 1693 : Rutger von Ascheberg , German-Baltic field marshal
• 1693 : Xaver Jakub Ticin , Sorbian Jesuit and linguist
• 1695 : Juana Inés de la Cruz , Mexican nun and poet
• 1696 : Marie de Rabutin-Chantal, Marquise de Sévigné , French nobleman and writer
• 1704 : Ulrich Friedrich Gyldenlöwe , Danish governor in Norway

Joseph I. († 1711)

• 1711 : Joseph I , Holy Roman Emperor
• 1713 : David Hollaz , German Protestant theologian (Lutheran dogmatist)
• 1714 : Philipp Heinrich Erlebach , Baroque composer
• 1714 : Haquin Spegel , Swedish Lutheran theologian and poet, Archbishop of Uppsala
• 1721 : Tobias Balthasar Hold , first German mayor of Timisoara
• 1742 : Arvid Horn , Prime Minister of Sweden 1710–1738
• 1755 : Christian Nicolaus von Linger , Prussian general of the artillery
• 1760 : Wilhelm Ernst von Buddenbrock , Prussian major and commander of the 1st standing grenadier battalion
• 1761 : Thomas Bayes , English mathematician and Presbyterian pastor
• 1764 : Johann Mattheson , German composer and scholar
• 1790 : Benjamin Franklin , American statesman and diplomat, printer, publisher, writer, scientist

19th century

• 1808 : Ivan Yegorowitsch Starow , Russian architect
• 1809 : Johann Christian Kittel , German composer and organist
• 1821 : Johann Gottfried am Ende , Protestant theologian

Peter Anker († 1832)

• 1832 : Peter Anker , Norwegian diplomat and governor
• 1833 : Jakob Josef von Haus , German lawyer and university professor
• 1835 : Ivan Petrovich Martos , Russian sculptor
• 1837 : Joseph Anderson , American politician
• 1837 : Emil Friedrich I. zu Bentheim-Tecklenburg , sovereign of the county of Bentheim
• 1840 : Gustav Adolf Ferdinand Heinrich Leo , German civil servant
• 1851 : Friedrich Georg von Stein , German officer and landowner
• 1858 : James Abercromby, 1st Baron Dunfermline , British lawyer and politician
• 1862 : William Wilson , British mechanical engineer
• 1863 : John Colborne, 1st Baron Seaton , British Field Marshal and Colonial Administrator
• 1865 : Rudolf Wiegmann , German architect, painter and art writer
• 1873 : Semen Hulak-Artemowskyj , Ukrainian opera singer and composer
• 1874 : Eugen von Puttkamer , German lawyer
• 1878 : Luigi Bienaimé , Italian sculptor
• 1892 : Alexander Mackenzie , Canadian politician and Prime Minister
• 1899 : Jan Balatka , American composer
• 1899 : Wilhelm Jordan , German geodesist and mathematician

20th century

1901-1950

• 1918 : William Hope Hodgson , English fantasy writer
• 1918 : Johannes Thiele , German chemist
• 1924 : Bogd Khan , head of Buddhism in Mongolia
• 1926 : Anton Foerster , Slovenian composer

Harriet Brooks († 1933)

• 1933 : Harriet Brooks , Canadian nuclear physicist
• 1936 : Fritz Hommel , German orientalist
• 1940 : Katharina Schratt , Austrian actress
• 1941 : Al Bowlly , South African pop and jazz singer
• 1941 : Alexander Zinn , German writer and politician
• 1942 : Alfred Hertz , American conductor of German origin
• 1944 : Max Josef Metzger , Catholic priest and Nazi victim
• 1945 : Hilde Meisel , German socialist and publicist
• 1945 : Robert Luther , chemist
• 1947 : GB Samuelson , British film producer and director
• 1948 : Johan Paul van Limburg Stirum , Governor General of the Dutch East Indies
• 1948 : John Madden , Scottish football player and coach

1951-2000

Robert Ritter (* 1951)

• 1951 : Renato Magi , Italian motorcycle racer
• 1951 : Robert Ritter , German National Socialist racial theorist
• 1952 : Rudolf Dix , German lawyer and notary
• 1953 : Franz Langoth , Austrian politician
• 1957 : Sepp Aman , Austrian politician
• 1958 : Wolfgang Klausner , German politician
• 1959 : Kawaji Ryūkō , Japanese poet
• 1960 : Eddie Cochran , American rock 'n' roll and rockabilly musician
• 1963 : Alfred Edward Bennett , Australian broadcast manager and theosophist
• 1965 : Roman Lampl , German politician
• 1968 : Wilhelm Schütte , German-Austrian architect
• 1969 : Emilio Arenales Catalán , Guatemalan politician
• 1970 : Michał Kalecki , Polish economist
• 1971 : Pierre Luboshutz , Russian pianist and music teacher
• 1974 : Herbert Elwell , American composer and music teacher
• 1975 : S. Radhakrishnan , Indian philosopher, politician and president
• 1976 : Henrik Dam , Danish physiologist, biochemist and Nobel Prize winner
• 1977 : Richard Adler , German painter, illustrator and graphic artist
• 1977 : William Conway , Irish clergyman, Archbishop of Armagh
• 1978 : Ewald Balser , German actor
• 1979 : Paolo Barison , Italian football player and coach
• 1982 : Maximiliane Ackers , German writer, screenwriter and actress
• 1983 : Felix Pappalardi , American musician
• 1985 : Charles Owen , American percussionist and music teacher
• 1986 : Bessie Head , Botswana writer
• 1987 : Carlton Barrett , Jamaican drummer

Toni Frissell († 1988)

• 1988 : Toni Frissell , American photographer
• 1988 : Patrick Mphephu , first president of the Venda homeland
• 1990 : Ralph Abernathy , American Baptist clergyman and civil rights activist
• 1990 : Angelo Schiavio , Italian football player
• 1990 : Karl Walz , German politician
• 1991 : Jacques Armand , French comic artist
• 1993 : Turgut Özal , State and Prime Minister of Turkey
• 1996 : Johanne Autenrieth , German palaeographer and Middle Latin philologist
• 1996 : Paul Bleiß , German politician
• 1997 : Chaim Herzog , Israeli President
• 1998 : Alberto Bovone , Italian clergyman, cardinal to the Curia
• 1998 : Linda McCartney , American photographer, wife of Paul McCartney
• 2000 : Leo Adamek , German politician

21st century

• 2001 : Vera Brühne , alleged double murderer
• 2003 : Robert Atkins , American cardiologist and nutritionist
• 2003 : Werner Gerich , German engineer
• 2003 : John Paul Getty II , British millionaire
• 2003 : Jozef Schell , Belgian biochemist
• 2003 : Hilde Sessak , German actress
• 2004 : Abd al-Aziz ar-Rantisi , Palestinian general commander of Hamas
• 2004 : Anke Hartnagel , German politician (Member of the Bundestag)
• 2005 : Konrad Spindler , German prehistoric scientist, researcher of the Ötzi mummy

Kitty Carlisle († 2007)

• 2007 : Kitty Carlisle , American actress
• 2008 : Aimé Césaire , Afro-Caribbean-French poet, essayist and politician
• 2008 : Werner Dürrson , German writer and translator
• 2009 : Gisela Reissmann , German actress and voice actress
• 2009 : Hans Ziegenfuß , German trade unionist
• 2010 : Dede Allen , American film editor
• 2010 : Egon Christian Andresen , German electrical engineer
• 2010 : Abu Ayyub al-Masri , Egyptian terrorist
• 2011 : Albrecht Roser , German puppeteer
• 2011 : Michael Sarrazin , Canadian actor
• 2012 : Dieter Dorner , Austrian radio presenter and organic winegrower
• 2012 : Dimitris Mitropanos , Greek singer and composer
• 2013 : Dariush Safvat , Iranian setār and santur player and musicologist
• 2014 : Gabriel García Márquez , Colombian writer ( Hundred Years of Solitude ), journalist and Nobel Prize for Literature
• 2014 : Karl Meiler , German tennis player
• 2014 : Giorgio Pianta , Italian racing driver and motorsport official
• 2015 : Francis George , American Cardinal
• 2015 : Mariano Gago , Portuguese politician
• 2016 : Doris Roberts , American actress
• 2016 : Manfred Sult , German clergyman
• 2017 : Michael Francis Perham , British Bishop
• 2018 : Barbara Bush , US First Lady
• 2018 : Dieter Lattmann , German writer and politician
• 2019 : Alan García , Peruvian President

Holidays and memorial days

• Church memorial days
  • Louis de Berquin , French martyr (Protestant)
  • Max Josef Metzger , German priest, founder and martyr (Protestant, the Roman Catholic beatification has not yet been completed)
  • St. Anicetus , Roman Bishop (Catholic)
  • Kateri Tekakwitha , Indian saint
  • St. Pusei , Persian Kuropalates and Martyr (Orthodox)

• Name days
  • Rudolf

• State holidays and memorial days
  • Syria : independence from France (1946)

The list of days of remembrance and action contains further entries .

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Commons : April 17th  - Collection of images, videos and audio files