1889
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Calendar overview 1889
Map with all linked sites: | 1889 | |
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.jpg) becomes the 23rd President of the United States . |
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| 1889 in other calendars | |
| Armenian calendar | 1337/38 (turn of the year July) |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1881/82 (turn of the year 10/11 September) |
| Baha'i calendar | 45/46 (March 20/21) |
| Bengali solar calendar | 1294/95 (beginning of April 14th or 15th) |
| Buddhist calendar | 2432/33 (southern Buddhism); 2431/32 (alternative calculation according to Buddha's Parinirvana ) |
| Chinese calendar | 76th (77th) cycle
Year of the Earth- Ox 己丑 ( at the beginning of the year Earth-Rat 戊子) |
| Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam) | 1251/52 (turn of the year April) |
| Dangun era (Korea) | 4222/23 (October 2/3) |
| Iranian calendar | 1267/68 (around March 21) |
| Islamic calendar | 1306/07 (August 27-28) |
| Japanese calendar |
Meiji 22 (
明治 22 年 ); Koki 2549 |
| Jewish calendar | 5649/50 (25/26 September) |
| Coptic calendar | 1605/06 (September 10/11) |
| Malayalam calendar | 1064/65 |
| Rumi Calendar (Ottoman Empire) | 1304/05 (March 1) |
| Seleucid era | Babylon: 2199/2200 (turn of the year April)
Syria: 2200/01 (New Year October) |
| Suriyakati Calendar (Thai Solar Calendar) | 2431/32 (April 1) |
| Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar) | 1945/46 (turn of the year April) |
Events
Politics and world events
United States of America
- March 4 : Republican Benjamin Harrison becomes the 23rd President of the United States . He replaces the Democrat Grover Cleveland . Harrison's Vice President becomes Levi P. Morton .
- March 23 : President Harrison signs a proclamation allowing non-indigenous settlers to settle a large part of the former Indian territory. Most of the remaining Indian territory in the Oklahoma region is predominantly the tribal area of the Five Civilized Nations , the Cherokee , Chickasaw , Choctaw , Muskogee and Seminole tribes . These strains are to 1838/39 at Trail of Tears forcibly removed from their ancestral homeland in the existing as inhospitable Oklahoma Territory forcibly relocated been where they had to share the land with local tribes. Harrison's proclamation takes effect a month later.
- April 22nd : At the Oklahoma Land Run , thousands of Anglo-American settlers race to get as good a piece of land as possible in the western part of the Indian Territory, later the state of Oklahoma . In the days before, some colonists illegally crossed the border to the Cherokee outlet and secretly staked out parcels of land for themselves. The Oklahoma Land Run is considered to be one of the historic cornerstones that symbolically mark the end of the US pioneering era , which is often referred to as the Wild West in today's popular culture .
- A few days after the Oklahoma Land Run , a provisional government was installed in what would become the Oklahoma Territory the following year .
- October 2 : The United States holds the first Pan-American conference to secure its influence in Latin America .
- November 2nd : The previous Dakota territory is divided into two states . North Dakota with the capital Bismarck joins the United States as the 39th, South Dakota with the capital Pierre as the 40th state .
- November 8 : The previous Montana Territory becomes the 41st state of the USA under the name Montana . Helena prevails against Anaconda as the capital.
- November 11 : The Washington Territory is incorporated into the Union as the 42nd state under the name Washington . The capital becomes Olympia .
Brazil
- November 15 : A military coup in Brazil overturns Emperor Pedro II. Marshal Manuel Deodoro da Fonseca proclaims a republic. The position of the stars over Rio de Janeiro at 8:30 a.m. will be shown in the flag of Brazil from November 19 , because the proclamation takes place at this hour.
Flag of the
Empire of Brazil
until November 15, 1889
1st flag of the United States of Brazil,
November 15-19, 1889
2nd flag of the United States of Brazil,
from November 19, 1889
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Asia
- February 11 : During the Meiji period in the Empire of Japan , the Meiji constitution is promulgated under Emperor Mutsuhito , a modern constitution based on the European model. This act in the course of the Meiji Restoration turns Japan from an absolute to a constitutional monarchy.
Africa
- March 9 : In the Battle of Gallabat , the Sudanese Mahdists defeat the Ethiopian army under Emperor Yohannes IV , who is killed in the battle.
- May 2nd : The ambiguous Uccialli Treaty is signed between Italy and Ethiopia.
- August 3 : An Anglo-Egyptian army defeats the Mahdists in Egypt at the Battle of Toski .
- The Ivory Coast (later Côte d'Ivoire ) officially becomes a French protectorate area .
Europe
- January 1st : Bernhard Hammer becomes President of Switzerland for the second time .
- January 30 : On Mayerling the will Austro-Hungarian heir to the throne Rudolf and Mary Vetsera found dead under has yet to be clarified circumstances.
- April 23 : The Sveriges socialdemokratiska arbetareparti is established in Sweden , whose political demands are closely aligned with the workers' movement in Germany.
- April 24th: A miners' strike begins in Bochum's President Zeche , which is soon followed by around 90% of workers in the Ruhr mining industry .
- April 27 : Wilhelm II , German Emperor and King of Prussia , stays at the Wartburg .
- May 24th : The German Reichstag approves the pension and disability insurance .
- May 31 : The British Parliament passes the Naval Defense Act , thereby establishing the two-power standard .
- August 4 : The legal protection association for the mining population of the Bonn Oberbergamts district is founded.
- September 16 : The since August 15 ongoing strike of the London dockers is settled. The 180,000 or so workers involved in the labor dispute essentially prevail with their demand for an hourly wage of six pence and a minimum wage of two shillings a day.
- December 12 : The appearance of the federal coat of arms is determined by the Swiss Federal Assembly .
- King Umberto of Italy is on a state visit to Berlin.
- The anti - Semitic German Social Party was founded in the German Empire .
Oceania
- June 14 : After a conference on Samoa of the three powers Germany , Great Britain and the United States , the archipelago is declared an independent and neutral area under the protection of the powers.
economy
The 1889 World's Fair in Paris
- May 6 : The World's Fair opens in Paris , France.
Scandals and crises
- February 4 : The French company for the construction of the Panama Canal goes bankrupt, damaging around 85,000 creditors. The Panama scandal is looming.
- Collapse of the Magdeburg Stock Exchange , known as the Magdeburger Zuckerkrach
Patents
- January 8th : Herman Hollerith applies for a patent for a system for processing punched cards and thus establishes machine data processing .
Business start-ups
- April 1 : The Berlin newspaper publisher Rudolf Mosse founds the Berliner Morgen-Zeitung .
- April 13 : The Hörder Bergwerks- und Hütten-Verein founds the ammunition manufacturer Rheinmetall .
- May 19 : Ernst Abbe sets up the Carl Zeiss Foundation , which is approved by the state two days later.
- May 28 : The Michelin company is founded in France by the brothers Édouard and André Michelin.
- July 8 : The first issue of the Wall Street Journal appears in New York .
- July 12 : In Vienna, following the ban on equality, the first edition of the Arbeiter-Zeitung appears , the first editor-in-chief is Victor Adler .
- September 17th : The company Allianz Versicherungs-AG is founded in Munich by Carl von Thieme and Wilhelm von Finck .
- September 23 : The company Nintendo is of Fusajiro Yamauchi in Kyoto established to Hanafuda - playing cards to produce.
- November 4th : The Vennbahn between Aachen and Luxembourg is fully operational.
- Gustav Brachhausen and Paul Riessner found a company for the manufacture of mechanical musical devices in the Saxon town of Eutritzsch under the name Brachhausen & Riesner mechanical music works , from which the Polyphon music works will later develop as well as the automobile manufacturer Dux .
traffic
- March 23rd : In London , the Woolwich ferry across the Thames , which is still free to use today, starts operating.
- October 17th : With the Funicolare di Chiaia , one of the first funiculars in the world opens in Naples .
Others
- August 18 : first German Philatelist Day in Mainz
- November 23 : In San Francisco, a converted Edison phonograph is used in public for the first time as a music machine with a coin slot .
science and technology
archeology
- The German archaeologist Friedrich von Duhn and the German building researcher Louis Jacobi found a Doric temple from the 6th century BC during excavations in Pompeii . Chr.
oceanography
- July 15 : The plankton expedition begins.
- November 7th : The German plankton expedition returns to Kiel. The oceanographic expedition in the Atlantic , which began on July 15, was the first in the world to be devoted to plankton .
More natural sciences
- August 19 : Meteorological observations are made on the Eiffel Tower . A lightning strike caused by an unexpectedly drawn thunderstorm provides new knowledge for science. Installed lightning rods mean that people hardly notice anything on the platform.
- First description of the dinosaur Triceratops by Othniel Charles Marsh
- The German geophysicist Ernst von Rebeur-Paschwitz succeeded in recording an earthquake in Japan with a horizontal pendulum in Potsdam . This is the first record of a long-range quake.
- The Astronomical Society of the Pacific is founded.
Teaching and Research
- January 30th : The University of Idaho becomes law.
Culture
architecture
Georges Seurat : Eiffel Tower, oil on canvas, 1889
- March 31 : In Paris , France, the Eiffel Tower , built on the occasion of the centenary of the French Revolution , is completed and opened to the public a little later. The Parisian population felt the tallest building in the world at that time as an eyesore and collected signatures for its removal.
- August 10 : The Natural History Museum is opened in Vienna as one of the Ringstrasse structures . It was built in the style of historicism over an 18-year construction period based on the designs by Gottfried Semper and Karl von Hasenauer .
Visual arts
- January: Vincent van Gogh paints three more paintings in the Sunflowers series .
Twelve sunflowers
Fifteen sunflowers
Fifteen sunflowers
- The artist colony is founded in Worpswede .
- Eugen Bracht sends the original version of Shores of Oblivion to the Kunsthalle Darmstadt.
literature
- Bertha von Suttner publishes Lay down your arms! .
- Friedrich Nietzsche : Twilight of the Idols or How to Philosophize with the Hammer
Music and theater
- February 17th : The Symphony in D minor , the only symphony by the Belgian composer César Franck, has its world premiere at the Conservatoire de Paris with Jules Garcin at the conductor's desk.
- March 2nd : The world premiere of the operetta Capitain Fracassa by Rudolf Dellinger takes place at the Carl Schultze Theater in Hamburg.
- March 14 : The tragedy Fräulein Julie by August Strindberg premieres in Copenhagen. Strindberg's wife Siri von Essen plays the title role. Since the play has been banned by the censors, the premiere will take place in a closed society.
- April 5th : The theater association Freie Bühne is founded in Berlin . On September 29 at 12 noon is in Lessingtheater ghosts of Henrik Ibsen was the first piece of the outdoor stage set. On October 20 , the piece follows Before dawn of Gerhart Hauptmann as a world premiere and created a tangible theatrical scandal .
- April 21 : The world premiere of Giacomo Puccini's second opera Edgar with the libretto by Ferdinando Fontana at the Teatro alla Scala di Milano in Milan is disappointing.
- May 15 : The world premiere of Jules Massenet's opera Esclarmonde takes place at the Opéra-Comique in Paris.
- Former politicians Frank Hatton and Beriah Wilkins buy The Washington Post . On the occasion of this event, they commissioned John Philip Sousa to compose a march . The Washington Post March premieres on June 15th as part of a children's essay contest.
The Washington Post , played by the United States Marine Band
- September 14 : The Vienna Volkstheater , built according to designs by Hermann Helmer and Ferdinand Fellner , opens with the play Der Fleck auf der Ehr by Ludwig Anzengruber . Anzengruber dies of blood poisoning just three months later.
- October 6 : The Moulin Rouge , which was built by Joseph Oller and Charles Zidler and will become the most famous variety theater in the world, opens in the Montmartre district of Paris in the 18th arrondissement . The name goes back to the famous replica of a red mill on the roof.
- October 20 : The world premiere of the social drama Before Sunrise by Gerhart Hauptmann , organized by the Theaterverein Freie Bühne at the Berlin Lessing Theater , marks the breakthrough of naturalism in German theater and the establishment of a hitherto almost unknown author as a playwright.
- November 20 : The first performance of the 1st Symphony (Titan) by Gustav Mahler , composed in the same year, takes place at the Royal Hungarian Opera in Budapest under the direction of the composer.
- December 7th : The operetta The Gondoliers or, The King of Barataria by the composer Arthur Sullivan and the librettist WS Gilbert has its world premiere at the Savoy Theater in London. The operetta is the twelfth in the collaboration between Gilbert and Sullivan and their last great mutual success.
society
The first example of the electric chair on which William Kemmler died in 1890
- January 1 : Electric execution is introduced. A law comes into effect in New York State providing for the use of the electric chair to execute criminals sentenced to death . This type of death, previously tested on animals and perceived as "more human" compared to hanging , was first used on August 6, 1890 .
- July 20 : The Danish tightrope walker Elvira Madigan and the already married Swedish lieutenant Sixten Sparre go to their deaths as lovers.
- August 10th : The Natural History Museum in Vienna is ceremoniously handed over to its destination by Emperor Franz Joseph I.
- September 18 : The Hull House , Jane Addams ' pioneering “settlement house” of the settlement movement with educational and social services for the needy, opens in Chicago .
religion
- March 23 : Mirza Ghulam Ahmad founds the Ahmadiyya religious community in India as a reform movement within Islam .
- September 24 : In Utrecht , the close Old Catholic Churches of the Netherlands and Germany as well as Switzerland's Old Catholic Church of Utrecht Union of Old Catholic Churches together. The Old Catholic Church of Austria follows soon thereafter.
Disasters
- May 31 : The dam of the South Fork Dam near Johnstown in the US state of Pennsylvania after several days of heavy rain triggers a tidal wave that kills 2,209 people.
- Sommer: In Central Asia, an influenza pandemic that lasted until 1895 began, killing up to a million people.
- December 31 : After casting off in New York, the passenger steamer Erin of the British National Line disappears without a trace on the North Atlantic with 72 people on board. He will never be seen again.
Sports
- April 20 : Preston North End becomes the first English football champion . In the same year the team also wins the FA Cup .
- October 6th : The Leipzig geographer Hans Meyer , the Austrian alpinist Ludwig Purtscheller and mountain guide Yohani Kinyala Lauwo succeed in the first ascent of the Kibo , the highest peak of the Kilimanjaro massif and thus Africa.
Born
January
- January 1 : Götz Briefs , German economist († 1974 )
- January 1 : Johann von Ravenstein , German Lieutenant General in the Wehrmacht († 1962 )
- January 2 : Roger Adams , American chemist († 1971 )
- January 4 : Yumeno Kyūsaku , Japanese writer († 1936 )
- January 5 : Julius Zerzer , Austrian writer († 1971 )
- January 6 : José Prida y Solares , Spanish-Chilean painter († 1984 )
- January 7th : Hans Johner , Swiss chess player and musician († 1975 )
- January 7th : Philippe Henriot , French politician († 1944 )
- January 8 : Paul Hartmann , German actor († 1977 )
- January 8 : Robert Daum , German politician († 1962 )
- January 10 : Efrem Forni , Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church († 1976 )
- January 10 : Joseph Santley , American director, writer and producer († 1971 )
- January 12 : Mirza Bashir ud-Din Mahmud Ahmad , Khalifat ul-Massih II. († 1965 )
- January 15 : Walter Serner , German essayist, writer and Dadaist († 1942 )
- January 17 : Giuseppe Beltrami , Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church († 1973 )
- January 17 : Ralph Howard Fowler , British physicist and astronomer († 1944 )
- January 19 : Sophie Taeuber-Arp , Swiss artist, painter and sculptor († 1943 )
- January 20 : Leadbelly , American blues musician († 1949 )
- January 20 : Lois Welzenbacher , Austrian architect († 1955 )
- January 21 : Hermann Glöckner , German painter († 1987 )
- January 22 : Harry George Hawker , Australian aviation pioneer († 1921 )
- January 22 : Guido Kisch , German-American lawyer and legal historian († 1985 )
- January 22nd : Henri Pélissier , French cyclist († 1935 )
- January 22nd : Hermann Troppenz , German politician and Member of the Bundestag († 1964 )
- January 22nd : Willi Baumeister , German painter († 1955 )
- January 23 : Rikard Long , Faroese poet and literary critic († 1977 )
- January 24 : Victor Eftimiu , Romanian writer († 1972 )
- January 24th : Hermann-Bernhard Ramcke , German general († 1968 )
- January 24 : Vladimir Vladimirovich Shcherbachev , Russian composer († 1952 )
- January 24th : Kuni Tremel-Eggert , German writer († 1957 )
- January 25 : Raúl Hugo Espoile , Argentine composer († 1958 )
- January 25 : Nakamura Kenkichi , Japanese poet († 1934 )
- January 26 : Alfred Victor Robert Auger , French fighter pilot († 1917 )
- January 28 : Ramon Iglésias Navarri , Bishop of Urgell and Co-Prince of Andorra († 1972 )
- January 29 : Bruno Ertler , Austrian writer († 1927 )
- January 29 : Josef Linster , Romanian-German composer and music teacher († 1954 )
- January 29 : Rudolf Mauersberger , German composer and Kreuzkantor († 1971 )
- January 30th : Antonio Caggiano , Archbishop of Buenos Aires and Cardinal († 1979 )
- January 30 : José Garibi y Rivera , Mexican Cardinal, Archbishop of Guadalajara († 1972 )
- January 31 : Albert Aereboe , German painter († 1970 )
February
- February 1 : Anton Cargnelli , Austrian football player and coach († 1974 )
- February 1 : Karl Gaul , German politician († 1972 )
- February 1 : Crisanto Luque Sánchez , Colombian Cardinal, Archbishop of Bogotá († 1959 )
- February 2 : Jean de Lattre de Tassigny , French general († 1952 )
- February 2 : William Knous , American politician († 1959 )
- February 3 : Artur Adson , Estonian poet, writer and theater critic († 1977 )
- February 3 : Carl Theodor Dreyer , Danish film director († 1968 )
- February 6 : Hans Bellée , German archivist and historian († 1960 )
- February 6 : Elmo Lincoln , American actor († 1952 )
- February 7 : Claudia Muzio , Italian opera singer († 1936 )
- February 7th : Harry Nyquist , American physicist († 1976 )
- February 7 : Ludwig Winder , Austrian writer, journalist and literary critic († 1946 )
- February 8 : Siegfried Kracauer , German film sociologist († 1966 )
- February 8 : E. Robert Schmitz , French pianist and music teacher († 1949 )
- February 10 : Michael Raucheisen , German pianist († 1984 )
- February 12 : Anton Hoppe , German politician († 1968 )
- February 12 : Carl Röver , NSDAP Reich Governor in Bremen and Oldenburg († 1942 )
- February 13 : Leontine Sagan , Austrian stage and film director († 1974 )
- February 13 : Georg Schrimpf , German painter († 1938 )
- February 14 : Johannes Christensen , Danish marathon runner and engineer († 1957 )
- February 14 : Bartolomeo Costantini , Italian aviator and racing car driver († 1941 )
- February 16 : Willy Appelhans , German racing cyclist and American bicycle maker
- February 17 : Aline Bußmann , German actress, radio play speaker and publicist († 1968 )
- February 17 : Haroldson Hunt , American oil billionaire († 1974 )
- February 18 : Josef Leopold , Gauleiter and regional leader of the NSDAP in Austria († 1941 )
- February 18 : Gerhard Marcks , German sculptor († 1981 )
- February 18 : Aloysius Muench , American Curia Cardinal and first nuncio of the FRG († 1962 )
- February 19 : Ernest Marsden , English physicist († 1970 )
- February 20 : Levko Rewucki , Ukrainian composer († 1977 )
- February 21 : Otto Wallburg , German actor († 1944 )
- February 22nd : Olave Baden-Powell , British co-founder of the Girl Scout Movement († 1977 )
- February 23 : Victor Fleming , American director († 1949 )
- February 23 : John Gilbert Winant , American politician († 1947 )
- February 24 : Albin Stenroos , Finnish marathon runner and Olympic champion († 1971 )
- February 25 : Homer Samuel Ferguson , American politician († 1982 )
- February 26 : Otto Riethmüller , German poet († 1938 )
- February 27 : Willie Jahn , German middle-distance runner († 1973 )
- February 28 : Pawel Efimowitsch Dybenko , Russian revolutionary and naval officer († 1938 )
- February 28 : Koloman Wallisch , social democratic workers leader in Austria († 1934 )
March
- March 1 : Okamoto Kanoko , Japanese writer († 1939 )
- March 1 : Max Terpis (actually Max Pfister ), Swiss dancer, choreographer, director and psychologist († 1958 )
- March 3 : Carl Vincent Krogmann , German politician, first mayor of Hamburg († 1978 )
- March 4 : Hans Dirscherl , German politician († 1962 )
- March 4 : Werner von Gilsa , German general and last combat commandant of Dresden († 1945 )
- March 6 : Arnold Fanck , German film director († 1974 )
- March 6 : Hamza Hakimzoda Niyoziy , Uzbek Soviet writer († 1929 )
- March 7th : Georg Baron Manteuffel-Szoege , German politician († 1962 )
- March 7 : Heinrich Studer , Swiss publisher († 1961 )
- March 11 : Christian Arnold , German painter († 1960 )
- March 11 : Paul Jaray , Hungarian aerodynamicist, father of streamlines († 1974 )
- March 15 : Gerard Anderson , British hurdler († 1914 )
- March 16 : Friedrich Fehér , Austrian actor and film director († 1950 )
- March 16 : Reggie Walker , South African athlete and Olympic champion († 1951 )
- March 18 : Jacob Mangers , Shepherd of the Catholic Church in Norway († 1972 )
- March 19 : Grigori Jakowlewitsch Löwenfisch , Soviet chess player († 1961 )
- March 21 : WS Van Dyke , American film director († 1943 )
- March 24 : Stephen Goosson , American production designer († 1973 )
- March 24 : Albert Hill , British athlete and Olympic champion († 1969 )
- March 24th : Joseph Massolle , German engineer († 1957 )
- March 24 : Wilhelm Klein , German Roman Catholic theologian († 1996 )
- March 24 : Gustav Unfried , German football player († 1917 )
- March 25 : Menen Asfaw , Empress of Ethiopia († 1962 )
- March 26 : Václav Kaprál , Czech composer († 1947 )
- March 27 : Fritz Beckhardt , German-Jewish fighter pilot in World War I († 1962 )
- March 29 : Warner Baxter , American actor († 1951 )
- March 31 : Adolf Jäger , German football player († 1944 )
- March 31 : Muriel Hazel Wright , American historian († 1975 )
- March 31 : Otto Friedländer , Austrian writer and pacifist († 1963 )
April
- April 1 : Karl Arndt , German medical officer († unknown)
- April 1 : Hermann Felsner , Austrian football coach († 1977 )
- April 2 : Julius Andree , German professor († 1942 )
- April 4 : Hans-Jürgen Theodor von Arnim , German army officer († 1962 )
- April 5 : Mestre Pastinha , Brazilian martial artist and founder of Capoeira de Angola († 1981 )
- April 7 : Gabriela Mistral , Chilean poet and diplomat († 1957 )
- April 7 : Peter August Böckstiegel , German painter († 1951 )
- April 8 : Adrian Boult , English conductor († 1983 )
- April 8 : Just Dillgardt , German politician († 1960 )
- April 8 : Emil Frey , Swiss composer, pianist and music teacher († 1946 )
- April 8 : Blanche Stuart Scott , first American female pilot († 1970 )
- April 11 : Nick LaRocca , American cornetist, band leader and jazz pioneer († 1961 )
- April 14 : Efim Bogolyubov , Ukrainian-German chess grandmaster († 1952 )
- April 14 : Karl Schworm , German author and local poet († 1956 )
- April 14 : Arnold J. Toynbee , British cultural theorist († 1975 )
- April 15 : August Adolphi , German politician († 1965 )
- April 15 : Galka Scheyer , German-American painter, art dealer and art collector († 1945 )
- April 16 : Charles Chaplin , British director, actor and comedian († 1977 )
- April 17 : Joseph Georg Oberkofler , Austrian lawyer, narrator and poet († 1962 )
- April 19 : Fritz Lisetti , Austrian magician († 1985 )
- April 19 : Joe Dawson , American racing car driver († 1946 )
- April 19 : Otto Georg Thierack , President of the People's Court, Reich Minister of Justice († 1946 )
- April 20 : Walter Hahn , German photographer († 1969 )
- April 20 : Adolf Hitler , German Chancellor, National Socialist dictator († 1945 )
- April 20 : Tonny Kessler , Dutch football player († 1960 )
- April 21 : Paul Karrer , Swiss chemist († 1971 )
- April 21 : Manuel Prado y Ugarteche , President of Peru († 1967 )
- April 21 : Efrem Zimbalist , American composer and conductor († 1985 )
- April 22nd : Richard Glücks , German SS leader, head of the inspection of the concentration camps († 1945 )
- April 22 : Ludwig Renn , German writer († 1979 )
- April 23 : Karel Doorman , Dutch Rear Admiral († 1942 )
- April 24 : Johanna Kirchner , German resistance fighter († 1944 )
- April 24 : Richard Stafford Cripps , British lawyer and politician († 1952 )
- April 26 : Fritz Adler , German archivist and museum director († 1970 )
- April 26 : Ludwig Wittgenstein , Austrian philosopher († 1951 )
- April 28 : António de Oliveira Salazar , Prime Minister of Portugal († 1970 )
- April 28 : Takeo Kurita , Vice Admiral of the Imperial Japanese Navy († 1977 )
- April 29 : Jan van der Sluis , Dutch football player († 1952 )
- April 30th : Fritz Pfeffer , German victim of the National Socialists († 1944 )
May
- May 1 : Jakob Person , German athlete († 1915 )
- May 1 : Ottomar Schreiber , German-Lithuanian politician († 1955 )
- May 3 : Gottfried Fuchs , German football player († 1972 )
- May 4 : Francis Joseph Spellman , American Cardinal, Archbishop of the Archdiocese of New York († 1967 )
- May 4 : Richard Seewald , German painter and writer († 1976 )
- May 6 : Stanley Morison , English typographer († 1967 )
- May 8 : Louis "Luigi" Marie Van Hege , Belgian football player and bobsledder († 1975 )
- May 10 : Regina Kägi-Fuchsmann , Swiss women's rights activist and humanitarian activist († 1972 )
- May 12 : Otto Heinrich Frank , father of Anne Frank († 1980 )
- May 13 : Paul Atzler , German lawyer († 1972 )
- May 13 : Teódosio Clemente de Gouveia , Portuguese Roman Catholic Cardinal, Archbishop of Maputo († 1962 )
- May 15 : Dirk Meints Agena , German lawyer, farmer and politician († 1934 )
- May 17th : Marcel Moyse , French flautist († 1984 )
- May 18 : Jacob Levy Moreno , Romanian-Austrian-American doctor, founder of psychodrama († 1974 )
- May 18 : Thomas Midgley , American engineer († 1944 )
- May 21 : Gérard de Courcelles , French racing car driver († 1927 )
- May 23 : Erich Engels , German film director and screenwriter († 1971 )
- May 23 : Ernst Niekisch , German politician († 1967 )
- May 23 : Hermann Gieseler , German trade union official († 1948 )
- May 24 : Ludwig Thormaehlen , German sculptor and art historian († 1956 )
- May 25 : Lucien Adrion , French painter († 1953 )
- May 25 : Gilardo Gilardi , Argentine composer and music teacher († 1963 )
- May 25 : Sverre Jordan , Norwegian composer († 1972 )
- May 25 : Günther Lütjens , German admiral († 1941 )
- May 25 : Hans Joachim Moser , German musicologist and singer († 1967 )
- May 25 : Igor Ivanovich Sikorski , Ukrainian-American aviation pioneer († 1972 )
- May 28 : Richard Réti , Austro-Hungarian chess player († 1929 )
- May 29 : Uchida Hyakken , Japanese writer († 1971 )
- May 30 : Mortimer R. Proctor , American politician († 1968 )
June
- June 1 : Charles Kay Ogden , British linguist and writer († 1957 )
- June 1 : Sigrid Onégin , German opera and concert singer († 1943 )
- June 2 : Erik Jan Hanussen , Austrian trick artist and "clairvoyant" (actually Hermann Steinschneider) († 1933 )
- June 3 : Germain Lefebrve , Canadian singer, choir director and music teacher († 1946 )
- June 4 : Cliff Eros , German circus entrepreneur, sensational actor, artist and tamer († 1952 )
- June 4 : Heinrich Müller , Swiss football player and coach († 1957 )
- June 4 : Beno Gutenberg , German seismologist († 1960 )
- June 7 : Frank Duff , Irish founder of the Legio Mariae (Legion of Mary) († 1980 )
- June 9 : Karl Maßmann , German bank director († 1956 )
- June 10 : Rodolfo Hammersley , Chilean athlete († date and location unknown)
- June 12 : Otto Merz , German automobile racing driver († 1933 )
- June 14 : Amedeo Ruggeri , Italian motorcycle and automobile racing driver († 1932 )
- June 15 : Clara Blumenfeld , German painter and illustrator († 1978 )
- June 15 : Josef Haubrich , German art collector and patron († 1961 )
- June 15 : Hans Piesch , Austrian politician († 1966 )
- June 15 : Hans-Jürgen Stumpff , Field Marshal General of the Air Force in the Third Reich († 1968 )
- June 17 : Jan Skala , Sorbian publicist and writer († 1945 )
- June 18 : Laureano Guevara , Chilean painter († 1968 )
- June 18 : David Leo Lawrence , American politician († 1966 )
- June 19 : Enrico Celio , Swiss politician, Federal President, Vice President († 1980 )
- June 21 : Ralph Craig , American athlete († 1972 )
- June 23 : Anna Andreevna Akhmatova , Russian poet and writer († 1966 )
- June 23 : René Léonard , French racing car driver († 1965 )
- June 23 : Miki Rofū , Japanese poet, children's book author and essayist († 1964 )
- June 24th : Conrad A. Nervig , American film editor († 1980 )
- June 24 : Leopold Reitz , German writer († 1972 )
- June 24 : Howard Wilcox , American racing car driver († 1923 )
- June 25 : Willem Frederik Donath , Dutch physiologist and hygienist († 1957 )
- June 25 : Paul Fallot , French geologist and paleontologist († 1960 )
- June 27 : Auguste Beer († unknown)
- June 27 : Moroni Olsen , American actor († 1954 )
- June 28 : Abbas Mahmud el-Akkad , Egyptian writer, historian, poet, philosopher and journalist († 1964 )
July
- July 1 : Wera Muchina , Russian sculptor († 1953 )
- July 1 : Peter von Heydebreck , German MP and National Socialist († 1934 )
- July 3 : Karla König , German journalist, writer and cultural functionary († 1963 )
- July 4th : August Halbfell , German politician († 1965 )
- July 5 : Jean Cocteau , French writer, director, choreographer, painter († 1963 )
- July 6 : GB Samuelson , British film producer and director († 1947 )
- July 7th : Martin Punitzer , German architect († 1949 )
- July 7 : Francesco Roberti , Italian Roman Catholic Cardinal († 1977 )
- July 7 : Otto Salomon , German writer and publisher († 1971 )
- July 8 : Wilhelm Roelen , German mining specialist and entrepreneur († 1958 )
- July 9 : Nikolai Assejew , Russian poet and literary critic († 1963 )
- July 9 : Wade H. Haislip , American officer, general in the US Army († 1971 )
- July 9 : Jan Kok , Dutch football player († 1958 )
- July 9 : Stephan Tauschitz , Austrian politician († 1970 )
- July 10 : Noble Sissle , African-American singer and lyricist († 1975 )
- June 11 : Walter Ackermann , German pedagogue († 1978 )
- July 11th : Narayan Hari Apte , Indian writer, editor and screenwriter († 1971 )
- July 11 : Alfred E. Green , American director († 1960 )
- July 13 : Hjalmar Andersson , Swedish long-distance runner († 1971 )
- July 13 : Adam Scharrer , German writer († 1948 )
- July 14 : José López Alavez , Mexican composer († 1974 )
- July 14 : Ante Pavelić , Croatian politician, leader of the Independent State of Croatia († 1959 )
- July 15 : Marco de Gastyne , French film director and screenwriter († 1982 )
- July 16 : Walter G. Andrews , American politician († 1949 )
- July 17 : Erle Stanley Gardner , American crime novelist († 1970 )
- July 19 : Naoum Blinder , Russian-American violinist and music teacher († 1965 )
- July 20 : Elise Augustat , German politician († 1940 )
- July 20 : Erich Pommer , German film producer († 1966 )
- July 20 : John Reith , Director General of the BBC († 1971 )
- July 22nd : James Whale , British director († 1957 )
- July 22nd : Wassili Luckhardt , German architect († 1972 )
- July 23 : Yuri Annenkow , Russian artist († 1974 )
- July 25 : Wilhelm Riphahn , German architect († 1963 )
- July 26th : Adolf Flecken , German politician († 1966 )
- July 26th : Godwin Brumowski , Austrian fighter pilot († 1936 )
- July 29 : Else Hirsch , a Jewish teacher in Germany, organized child transports during the Nazi era
- July 29 : Ernst Reuter , German politician († 1953 )
- July 29th : Lajos Asztalos , Hungarian chess player and chess author († 1956 )
- July 30 : Nikolai Anziferow , Russian historian, writer and local researcher († 1958 )
- July 30th : Frans Masereel , Belgian painter and graphic artist († 1972 )
- July 31 : Nels Anderson , American sociologist († 1986 )
- July 31 : Erwin von Beckerath , German economist and resistance fighter († 1964 )
- July 31 : Gustav Schumm , German football player and official († 1966 )
August
- August 1 : Walther Gerlach , German physicist († 1979 )
- August 1 : George Ziegler , Canadian organist, choir director, conductor, composer and music teacher († 1981 )
- August 2 : Leslie Boardman , Australian swimmer († 1975 )
- August 4th : Ludwig Anschütz , German chemist and professor († 1954 )
- August 4th : William Keighley , American film director († 1984 )
- August 5 : Conrad Aiken , American writer and Pulitzer Prize winner († 1973 )
- August 6 : Ernest Arend , Luxembourg soccer player
- August 7th : Georg Abesser , German medic († 1977 )
- August 7th : Georges Thierry d'Argenlieu , French religious priest and admiral († 1964 )
- August 7 : Léon Brillouin , French physicist († 1969 )
- August 9 : Anton Fränznick , Catholic priest († 1944 )
- August 9 : Friedrich Burschell , German writer († 1970 )
- August 10 : Cecil Armstrong Gibbs , English composer († 1960 )
- August 10 : Norman Scott , American admiral († 1942 )
- August 12 : Luis Miguel Sánchez Cerro , Peruvian President († 1933 )
- August 13 : Georges Yvan André , French athlete († 1943 )
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- August 14 : Jaroslav Jeremiáš , Czech composer († 1919 )
- August 14 : Walter Freitag , German politician († 1958 )
- August 14 : Willi Munzenberg , German communist and publisher († 1940 )
- August 15 : Kurt Agricola , German officer († 1955 )
- August 16 : Franz Reisinger , Austrian founder of the “Secular Institute of St. Francis of Sales "(† 1973 )
- August 16 : Hans Staudinger , German politician († 1980 )
- August 17 : Lalla Carlsen , Norwegian actress and singer († 1967 )
- August 18 : Nicolas Caerels , Belgian racing driver († 1966 )
- August 19 : Arthur Waley , British sinologist († 1966 )
- August 20 : Wilhelm Flitner , German educator († 1990 )
- August 21 : Thea Aichbichler , German actress († 1957 )
- August 23 : Alfred Lichtenstein , German lawyer and expressionist writer († 1914 )
- August 23 : Louis Villeneuve , French racing car driver († 1969 )
- August 24 : Rudolf Ahlers , German author († 1954 )
- August 24 : Tom London , American actor († 1963 )
- August 25 : Georg Agde , German chemist († 1944 )
- August 26 : Caberto Conelli , Italian racing car driver and nobleman († 1974 )
- August 26 : Richard Rau , German athlete and Olympic participant († 1945 )
- August 30 : Bodil Ipsen , Danish actress and director († 1964 )
- August 31 : Anna Ebert , German local politician († 1947 )
September
- September 1 : Charles Glenn Anders , American theater and film actor († 1981 )
- September 1 : Herbert Asbury , American journalist and writer († 1963 )
- September 3 : Friedrich Gottlob Nagelmann , fictional German constitutional lawyer († 1994 )
- September 3 : Hermann Zaiss , German healing evangelist († 1958 )
- September 4 : Ramiro Artieda , Bolivian serial killer († 1939 )
- September 4 : Heinrich von Prittwitz and Gaffron , German lieutenant general, commander of the 14th Panzer Division († 1941 )
- September 4 : Johannes Saß , German linguist and lexicographer († 1971 )
- September 5 : Oskar Becker , German philosopher, logician and mathematician († 1964 )
- September 6 : George Hively , American screenwriter and film editor († 1950 )
- September 6 : Pierre Malleveau , French racing car driver († unknown)
- September 7th : Albert Plesman , Dutch aviation pioneer († 1953 )
- September 8 : Karl Ahorner , Austrian politician († 1949 )
- September 8 : Robert A. Taft , American politician († 1953 )
- September 10 : Vilém Petrželka , Czech composer († 1967 )
- September 12 : Heinrich Lersch , German boilermaker and worker poet († 1936 )
- September 12 : Joe Gould , American writer († 1957 )
- September 13 : Kelly Harrell , American old-time musician († 1942 )
- September 14 : Johannes Degener , German politician († 1959 )
- September 14 : María Capovilla , Ecuadorian Supercentenarian († 2006 )
- September 15 : Joseph Erxleben , American long-distance runner († 1973 )
- September 16 : Mercédès Jellinek , daughter of the Austro-Hungarian diplomat Emil Jellinek († 1929 )
- September 20 : Charles Reidpath , American city architect, athlete and Olympic champion († 1975 )
- September 22 : Haldis Halvorsen , Norwegian opera singer († 1936 )
- September 23 : Walter Lippmann , American writer († 1974 )
- September 24 : Eberhard von Mackensen , German general († 1969 )
- September 24 : Simon Kimbangu , Congolese Christian martyr and founder of religion († 1951 )
- September 26 : Gerhard Bersu , German archaeologist († 1964 )
- September 26 : Alfred Edward Bennett , Australian radio manager and theosophist († 1963 )
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- September 26 : Martin Heidegger , German philosopher († 1976 )
- September 28 : Hans Behrendt , German director, screenwriter and actor († 1942 )
- September 28 : Rudolf Pfeiffer , German classical philologist († 1979 )
October
- October 2 : Maximilian de Angelis , Austrian major general († 1974 )
- October 3 : Carl von Ossietzky , German writer and editor († 1938 )
- October 5 : Dirk Coster , Dutch physicist († 1950 )
- October 6 : Maria Dąbrowska , Polish writer († 1965 )
- October 6 : Salman Shazar , Israeli politician and third President of Israel († 1974 )
- October 7 : Heinrich Eduard Jacob , German journalist and writer († 1967 )
- October 7th : Hans Tropsch , German chemist († 1935 )
- October 7 : Robert Z. Leonard , American director († 1968 )
- October 8 : Ivan Ilyich Mosschuchin , Russian silent film actor († 1939 )
- October 9 : Richard St. Barbe Baker , British forest scientist, environmental activist and author († 1982 )
- October 10 : Han van Meegeren , Dutch painter and art forger († 1947 )
- October 11 : Fritz Adam , German politician († 1945 )
- October 11 : Charles F. Wennerstrum , US judge at the Nuremberg Trials († 1986 )
- October 12 : Hans von Arnim , German civil servant, church functionary and author († 1971 )
- October 12 : Dietrich von Hildebrand , Catholic philosopher, theologian and author († 1977 )
- October 12 : Erich Przywara , German theologian and religious philosopher († 1972 )
- October 13 : José Maza , Chilean politician († 1964 )
- October 14 : Max Hoelz , German politician († 1933 )
- October 16 : Reinhold Maier , German politician, Prime Minister of Baden-Württemberg († 1971 )
- October 16 : Gottfried Kölwel , German poet, playwright and narrator († 1958 )
- October 17 : William Charles Aalsmeer , Dutch cardiologist († 1957 )
- October 18 : Gertrude Aretz , German historian († 1938 )
- October 19 : Fannie Hurst , American writer and journalist († 1968 )
- October 20 : Fritz Terhalle , economist and chairman of the scientific advisory board at the Federal Ministry of Finance († 1962 )
- October 23 : Gian Battista Mantegazzi , Swiss composer and conductor († 1958 )
- October 24 : Nils Gustaf Andersson , Swedish swimmer († 1973 )
- October 24 : Clovis Trouille , French painter († 1975 )
- October 25 : Abel Gance , French film pioneer († 1981 )
- October 25 : Peter Etzenbach , German politician († 1976 )
- October 27 : Rudolf Leonhard , German writer and communist († 1953 )
- October 27 : Nelson Kraschel , American politician († 1957 )
- October 28 : Rafael Alberto Arrieta , Argentine educator, writer and translator († 1968 )
- October 28 : Juliette Béliveau , Canadian actress († 1975 )
- October 29 : Hermann Berndes , captain of the Wehrmacht († 1945 )
- October 30 : Gustav Bark , Swiss football player († 1970 )
- October 30 : Josef Brunner , Austrian Major General († 1967 )
- October 31 : Mona Bates , Canadian pianist and music teacher († 1971 )
November
- November 1 : Huldreich Heusser , German racing car driver († 1928 )
- November 1st : Hannah Höch , German collage artist of Dadaism († 1978 )
- November 1 : Philip Noel-Baker , British Member of Parliament, Nobel Peace Prize Laureate († 1982 )
- November 3 : Heinrich Campendonk , German painter and graphic artist († 1957 )
- November 3 : Albert Steigenberger , German hotelier († 1958 )
- November 6 : Alexandra Wassiljewna Artjuchina , Soviet party and state functionary († 1969 )
- November 6 : Gabriel Hanot , French football player and journalist († 1968 )
- November 7th : Wilhelm Friedle , Operations Director of Daimler-Benz AG , brought the assembly line to Germany. († 1935 )
- November 8 : Josef Kroll , German classical philologist († 1980 )
- November 9 : Umberto Malchiodi , Italian Archbishop and Bishop emeritus of Piacenza († 1974 )
- November 9 : Snub Pollard , Australian actor († 1962 )
- November 10 : Carl-Christian Arfsten , German politician († 1969 )
- November 10 : Boris Nikolajewitsch Jurjew , Soviet helicopter designer and pioneer († 1957 )
- November 10 : Claude Rains , English actor († 1967 )
- November 10 : Julius Franz Schütz , Austrian poet and cultural historian († 1961 )
- November 11th : Johnny Aubert , Swiss pianist († 1954 )
- November 11th : Kubota Mantarō , Japanese writer († 1963 )
- November 11 : Clifton Webb , American actor († 1966 )
- November 12 : Carl Haensel , German lawyer and writer († 1968 )
- November 14 : Jawaharlal Nehru , first Indian Prime Minister († 1964 )
- November 14 : Taha Hussein , Arabic writer († 1973 )
- November 15 : Emanuel II , last Portuguese king († 1932 )
- November 16 : John Arnold , American cameraman († 1964 )
- November 16 : Josef Andreas Jungmann , Austrian liturgist and councilor († 1975 )
- November 16 : George Simon Kaufman , American author († 1961 )
- November 17 : Murata Shūgyo , Japanese poet († 1967 )
- November 18 : Stanislaw Kossior , Soviet politician († 1939 )
- November 18 : Hannes Meyer , Swiss architect and urbanist († 1954 )
- November 18 : Hans Reimann , German writer, playwright and screenwriter († 1969 )
- November 18 : Zoltán Tildy , Hungarian Prime Minister and President († 1961 )
- November 20 : Edwin Hubble , American astronomer († 1953 )
- November 22 : Gordon Browning , American politician († 1976 )
- November 22nd : Erwin Stresemann , German ornithologist († 1972 )
- November 23 : Jakob Altmaier , German politician and Member of the Bundestag († 1963 )
- November 24 : Johannes Heckel , German canon lawyer († 1963 )
- November 24th : Kurt Freiherr von Schröder , major German banker and SS brigade leader († 1966 )
- November 25th : Fritz Cockerell , German automotive pioneer († 1965 )
- November 25 : Karl Schubert , Austrian curative teacher and Waldorf teacher († 1949 )
- November 26 : Heinrich Mitteis , German legal historian († 1952 )
- November 27 : Carl Atwood Hatch , American politician († 1963 )
- November 30th : Edgar Douglas Adrian , British anatomist and physiologist († 1977 )
December
- December 1 : Wassili Konstantinowitsch Blücher , General of the Red Army and Marshal of the Soviet Union († 1938 )
- December 2 : Arvo Ossian Aaltonen , Finnish swimmer († 1949 )
- December 2 : Margot Benary-Isbert , German author († 1979 )
- December 3 : Spencer Wishart , American racing driver († 1914 )
- December 4 : Lloyd Bacon , American actor and director († 1955 )
- December 4 : Jack Ernst , American football player († 1968 )
- December 4 : René Gaudin , French racing car driver († 1958 )
- December 6th : Max Pulver , Swiss psychologist, graphologist, poet, playwright and narrator († 1952 )
- December 7th : Gabriel Marcel , French philosopher († 1973 )
- December 8 : Hervey Allen , American writer († 1949 )
- December 8 : Leopold Marx , German writer, poet and manufacturer († 1983 )
- December 9th : Hannes Kolehmainen , Finnish athlete († 1966 )
- December 10 : Ray Collins , American actor († 1965 )
- December 10 : Ludwig Huber , German farmer and NSDAP politician († 1946 )
- December 11th : Max Ladner , Swiss Buddhist († 1963 )
- December 12th : Otto Scheff , Austrian freestyle swimmer († 1956 )
- December 12 : Väinö Albert Nuorteva , Finnish writer and journalist († 1967 )
- December 13 : Karl Peter Anspach , German businessman († 1941 )
- December 13 : Bernhard Villinger , German doctor, athlete, film pioneer and researcher († 1967 )
- December 14 : Maximilian Müller-Jabusch , German journalist († 1961 )
- December 15 : Kurt Adams , German politician († 1944 )
- December 15 : Kai Senstius , Danish composer († 1966 )
- December 20 : Otto Koehler , German zoologist and ethologist († 1974 )
- December 20 : Božidar Širola , Croatian composer († 1956 )
- December 21 : Willi Max Scheid , German architect, commercial artist and university lecturer († 1932 )
- December 21 : Sewall Wright , American biologist, geneticist († 1988 )
- December 22 : Jean Baptiste Janssens , Belgian Order General († 1964 )
- December 23 : Emil Brunner , Swiss Reformed theologian († 1966 )
- December 24th : Osmín Aguirre y Salinas , Sans-Salvadoran military († 1977 )
- December 25 : Hermann Conrad , German homeland researcher († 1959 )
- December 25 : Wilhelm Jelinek , German works council chairman, anarcho-syndicalist († 1952 )
- December 26 : Franz Stephan Griese , German ex-priest and professor of linguistics at the University of Buenos Aires, Argentina († after 1953)
- December 26th : Wladimir Sokoloff , Russian film actor, emigrated to the USA († 1962 )
- December 27 : Lino Salini , Frankfurt painter, draftsman and caricaturist († 1944 )
- December 30th : Georg von der Vring , German writer († 1968 )
- December 31 : Adolf Grimme , German politician († 1963 )
- December 31 : Marcel Pilet-Golaz , Swiss politician († 1958 )
Exact date of birth unknown
- William Asbury , British politician († 1961 )
- Bruno Bandini , Argentine violist, conductor and music teacher of Italian origin († 1969 )
- Henri Czaplinski , Polish-Jewish violinist and music teacher (date of death unknown)
- Ross Hamilton , Canadian actor († 1965 )
- Leonard Heaton , Canadian pianist and music teacher († 1963 )
- Mischa Léon , Danish singer († 1928 )
- Firuz Nosratdoleh , Iranian politician († 1937 )
- Erik Widmark , Swedish chemist († 1945 )
Died
First quarter
- January 1st : Johann Kravogl , South Tyrolean gunsmith and mechanic (* 1823 )
- January 3 : Philipp Hoffmann , German architect and master builder (* 1806 )
- January 3 : Giuseppe dell'Orefice , Italian composer (* 1848 )
- January 11 : Otho Robards Singleton , American politician (* 1814 )
- January 15 : Josef Martin Knüsel , Swiss politician (* 1813 )
- January 23 : Alexandre Cabanel , French painter (* 1823 )
- January 28 : Đồng Khánh , ninth emperor of the Vietnamese Nguyễn dynasty (* 1864 )
- January 30th : Mary Vetsera , Austrian nobleman (* 1871 )
- January 30 : Rudolf , Archduke and heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary (* 1858 )
- February 1 : Joseph Gungl , Hungarian composer (* 1809 )
- February 1 : Carl Leverkus , German chemical entrepreneur (* 1804 )
- February 3 : Belle Starr , American robber bride (* 1848 )
- February 5 : Ole Jacob Broch , Norwegian mathematician and politician (* 1818 )
- February 14 : Ernst Heinrich von Dechen , German mineralogist and geologist, professor of mining science (* 1834 )
- February 23 : Christian August Berkholz , German-Baltic clergyman and educator (* 1805 )
- February 25 : Carlo Sacconi , Italian cardinal to the curia (* 1808 )
- February 26 : Karl Juljewitsch Dawidow , Russian composer, conductor, cellist and music teacher (* 1838 )
- March 5 : Johann Georg Eccarius , German worker activist and trade unionist (* 1818 )
- March 5 : Karl Emanuel Klitzsch , German organist, composer and music writer (* 1812 )
- March 8 : John Ericsson , Swedish engineer (* 1803 )
- March 8 : Anton Romako , Austrian painter (* 1832 )
- March 9 : Paolo Ferrari , Italian comedy poet (* 1822 )
- March 10th : Yohannes IV , Ethiopian Emperor (* 1831 )
- March 11 : Ernst Hermann Arndt , German architect and university professor (* 1807 )
- March 11 : Benjamin Franklin Baker , American composer (* 1811 )
- March 13 : Enrico Tamberlik , Italian opera tenor (* 1820 )
- March 14th : Adonijah Welch , American politician (* 1821 )
- March 16 : Ernst Wilhelm Leberecht Tempel , German astronomer and lithographer (* 1821 )
- March 22nd : Stanley Matthews , American judge and politician (* 1824 )
- March 24th : Franciscus Cornelis Donders , Dutch physiologist and pioneer in the field of ophthalmology (* 1818 )
- March 26 : Wilhelm von Breithaupt , German officer (* 1809 )
- March 26th : Karl von Varnbuler , Württemberg Minister of State and Member of the Reichstag, (* 1809 )
- March 27 : John Bright , British politician (* 1811 )
Second quarter
- April 4 : Gisela von Arnim , German writer (* 1827 )
- April 4 : Eugen von Keyserling , German Baltic explorer and arachnologist (* 1832 )
- April 6 : Sir Frederick Arthur Gore Ouseley , English music scholar, organist and composer (* 1825 )
- April 8 : Joseph Jean-Baptiste Laurent Arban , French composer and cornetist (* 1825)
- April 9 : Eugène Chevreul , French chemist (* 1786 )
- April 9 : Andrew Charles Elliott , Canadian politician (* 1828 )
- April 11 : Émile de Najac , French librettist (* 1828 )
- April 13 : John Palmer Usher , American politician (* 1816 )
- April 15 : Damian de Veuster , Belgian member of the Congregation of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary (* 1840 )
- April 16 : Louis Ulbach , French writer and journalist (* 1822 )
- April 29 : Friedrich Ferdinand Löwe , German writer, librarian and translator (* 1809 )
- April 29th : Josef Werndl , Austrian arms manufacturer (* 1831 )
- April 30 : William Henry Barnum , American politician and industrialist (* 1818 )
- May 1 : Heinrich Adolph Meyer , German marine researcher and manufacturer (* 1822 )
- May 10 : Mikhail Saltykow-Shchedrin , Russian writer and satirist (* 1826 )
- May 17th : Marie Friederike von Prussia , Queen of Bavaria (* 1825 )
- May 27 : Clément Broutin , French composer (* 1851 )
- June 3 : Bernhard Förster , German high school teacher, political agitator and husband of Elisabeth Nietzsche (* 1843 )
- June 8 : Gerard Manley Hopkins , British poet and Jesuit (* 1844 )
- June 9 : Manuel García de la Huerta Pérez , Chilean politician (* 1837 )
- June 15 : Mihai Eminescu , Romanian poet (* 1850 )
- June 23 : Victor Chauffour , French university professor and politician (* 1819 )
- June 26 : Simon Cameron , US Secretary of War (* 1799 )
- June 26th : Ludwig Wolf , German doctor and anthropologist (* 1850 )
- June 27 : Carlotta Patti , Italian soprano (* 1835 )
- June 27 : Whitney Eugene Thayer , American organist and composer (* 1838 )
- June 28 : Maria Mitchell , American astronomer and suffragette (* 1818 )
Third quarter
- July 1 : José Joaquín Pérez , Chilean politician (* 1801 )
- 4th July : Srpuhi Nschan Kalfayan , founder of the Armenian order (* 1822 )
- July 7 : William Anderson Pile , American politician (* 1829 )
- July 7th : Theodor Weber , German consul (* 1844 )
- July 10 : Carl Anwandter , German pharmacist and politician (* 1801 )
- July 11 : Bernhard Solger , architect and municipal building officer of Nuremberg (* 1812 )
- July 13 : Robert Hamerling , Austrian writer (* 1830 )
- July 16 : Michele Amari , Italian historian and orientalist (* 1806 )
- July 18 : Domingo Santa María , Chilean politician and president (* 1825 )
- July 20 : Anton Ausserer , Austrian naturalist and arachnologist (* 1843 )
- July 21 : Nelson Dewey , American politician (* 1813 )
- July 26th : Hans Tappenbeck , German officer and Africa explorer (* 1861 )
- July 31 : Eduard Lübbert , German classical philologist and archaeologist (* 1830 )
- July 31 : Hugo von Ritgen , German architect (* 1811 )
- July 31 : Edward Henry Rollins , American politician (* 1824 )
- August 1 : Alexander Edmund Batson Davie , Canadian politician (* 1847 )
- August 5 : Fanny Lewald , German writer (* 1811 )
- August 10 : Jan Jonker Afrikaner , African chief (* 1820 )
- August 12 : Georg Michael Pachtler , German Jesuit, theologian, priest and educator (* 1825 )
- August 15 : Theodor Christlieb , German Protestant theologian (* 1833 )
- August 17th : Ernst Frank , German composer and conductor (* 1847 )
- August 23 : Johann Georg Anton Geuther , German chemist (* 1833 )
- September 1 : António Bernardo da Costa Cabral , Portuguese politician and dictator (* 1803 )
- September 1 : Christian August Selmer , Norwegian lawyer and politician (* 1816 )
- September 3 : Julius Weizsäcker , German historian (* 1828 )
- September 8 : Hermann Victor Andreae , German theologian, doctor, philosopher, lawyer and linguist (* 1817 )
- September 10 : Charles III. , Prince of Monaco (* 1818 )
- September 10th : Rudolf Voltolini , German physician and ENT doctor (* 1819 )
- September 12 : Fustel de Coulanges , French historian (* 1830 )
- September 19 : Friedrich Wilhelm Walther von Walderstötten , royal Bavarian infantry general and cartographer (* 1805 )
- September 23 : Wilkie Collins , British novelist and author of the first mystery thriller (* 1824 )
- September 23 : Placido Maria Schiaffino , Italian abbot and cardinal (* 1829 )
- September 24 : Daniel Harvey Hill , American general (* 1821 )
Fourth Quarter
- October 6 : Jules Dupré , French landscape painter (* 1811 )
- October 8 : Ewald Oskar Aders , German district court director and patron (* 1831 )
- October 10 : Adolf von Henselt , German composer and piano virtuoso (* 1814 )
- October 10 : Heinrich Heydemann , German archaeologist (* 1842 )
- October 11 : James Prescott Joule , British physicist (* 1818 )
- October 17 : John Hartranft , American politician (* 1830 )
- October 18 : Antonio Meucci , American inventor (* 1808 )
- October 19 : Ludwig I , King of Portugal (* 1838 )
- October 19 : Joseph Amberger , German theologian and clergyman (* 1816 )
- October 22 : Olivier Métra , French composer and conductor (* 1830 )
- October 24 : John Lawrence Manning , American politician (* 1816 )
- October 25 : Émile Augier , French playwright (* 1820 )
- October 28 : Gustav von Rümelin , German educator, statistician and politician (* 1815 )
- October: Louis Lebel , French organist and music teacher (* 1831 )
- November 8th : Wilhelm von Abbema , German painter, engraver and etcher (* 1812 )
- November 11th : Max Amberger , German instrument maker (* 1839 )
- November 14 : William Nathan Harrell Smith , American politician (* 1812 )
- November 17 : Ketil Motzfeldt , Norwegian politician (* 1814 )
- November 20 : August Engelbrekt Ahlqvist , Finnish linguist (* 1826 )
- November 20 : Louise Zeller , German author of historical novels (* 1823 )
- November 21 : William Theophilus Dortch , American politician (* 1824 )
- November 22nd : Georg Prahl Harbitz , Norwegian pastor and President of the Stortings (* 1802 )
- November 26th : Gaetana Sterni , blessed, Italian nun and founder of the order (* 1827 )
- November 28 : Richard von Volkmann , German surgeon and writer (* 1830 )
- December 6th : Jefferson Davis , American politician of the southern states (* 1808 )
- December 7th : Antoni Kątski , Polish composer and pianist (* 1817 )
- December 10 : Ludwig Anzengruber , Austrian poet, storyteller and playwright (* 1839 )
- December 11th : David Atwood , American politician (* 1815 )
- December 12th : Robert Browning , British poet (* 1812 )
- December 12 : Viktor Bunjakowski , Russian mathematician (* 1804 )
- December 14 : Celestine Josef Ganglbauer , Archbishop of Vienna (* 1817 )
- December 18 : Wilhelm von Giesebrecht , German historian (* 1814 )
- December 21 : Friedrich August von Quenstedt , German geologist, paleontologist, mineralogist and crystallographer (* 1809 )
- December 27th : Eduard Bendemann , German painter (* 1811 )
- December 27th : Ernst Schering , German pharmacist and industrialist, founder of the later Schering AG (* 1824 )
- December 27th : Alfred von Kremer , Austrian orientalist (* 1828 )
- December 30th : Henry Yule , British engineer, geographer, railroad planner and orientalist (* 1820 )
Exact date of death unknown
- Abdallah III. ibn Faisal ibn Turki Al Saud , Imam of the Wahhabis
- Miguel Campos , Chilean painter (* 1844 )
Web links
Commons : 1889 - Collection of Images, Videos, and Audio Files
