1840

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1840
The British Queen Victoria marries Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha .
William Henry Harrison won the presidential election in the United States .	The world's first postage stamp, the One Penny Black , is issued in Great Britain.
1840 in other calendars
Armenian calendar	1288/89 (turn of the year July)
Ethiopian calendar	1832/33 (September 10-11)
Bengali solar calendar	1245/46 (beginning of April 14th or 15th)
Buddhist calendar	2383/84 (southern Buddhism); 2382/83 (alternative calculation according to Buddha's Parinirvana )
Chinese calendar	75th (76th) cycle Year of the Metal Rat庚子 ( at the beginning of the Earth Pig year 己亥)
Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam)	1202/03 (turn of the year April)
Dangun era (Korea)	4173/74 (October 2/3)
Iranian calendar	1218/19
Islamic calendar	1255/1256 (turn of the year March 5th / 6th)
Jewish calendar	5600/01 (September 27-28)
Coptic calendar	1556/57 (September 10-11)
Malayalam calendar	1015/16
Rumi Calendar (Ottoman Empire)	1255/56 (March 1)
Seleucid era	Babylon: 2150/51 (turn of the year April) Syria: 2151/52 (turn of the year October)
Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar)	1896/97 (April)

Events

Politics and world events

Great Britain

• February 10 : Wedding of Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha with the British Queen Victoria
• April 27th : The foundation stone for the new building of the British parliament building Palace of Westminster is laid. The previous building was largely destroyed by a major fire in 1834.

Other events in Europe

• February 7th : The German Workers' Education Association is founded.
• April 9 : The county of Ysenburg-Büdingen is elevated to a principality, Count Ernst Casimir III. von Isenburg-Büdingen becomes Ernst Casimir I first prince of Ysenburg and Büdingen.
• June 7 : In Prussia , after the death of King Friedrich Wilhelm III. his son Friedrich Wilhelm IV took over the reign.
• July 15th : Orient crisis : Austria , Great Britain , Prussia and Russia sign the London Treaty on the pacification of the Levant . This quadruple alliance is resisting a collapse of the Ottoman Empire through Egyptian separation efforts, which in turn supports France .
• August 6 : Conservative constitution of the Kingdom of Hanover

Nicolaas Pieneman :
The inauguration of King Wilhelm II.

• October 7th : King Wilhelm I abdicates in the Netherlands . His eldest son Wilhelm II becomes the new regent.
• November 5th : The Ruswil Declaration is passed by Catholic-Conservative citizens in Switzerland. The manifesto aimed at maintaining the old order is one of the roots of the Christian Democratic People's Party in the country.

Africa

• around 1840: The Kololo people immigrated under their chief Sebetswane across the Zambezi into what is now northwestern Zambia . They conquer the kingdom of Barotse in the fight against the Lozi .

Oceania

The Waitangi Treaty

• February 6 : The Treaty of Waitangi ( Te Tiriti O Waitangi ) is signed at Waitangi in the Bay of Islands , New Zealand .
• May 21 : The future governor William Hobson declares New Zealand to be sovereign under the British Crown following the previous Treaty of Waitangi .

America

• July 23 : The British Union Act regulates the creation of the Province of Canada in the following year from the merging of Upper and Lower Canada .
• October 30 to December 2 : William Henry Harrison of the Whig Party wins the 1840 presidential election in the United States against the Democratic incumbent Martin Van Buren .

Antarctic

• January 20 : An Antarctic expedition led by Jules Dumont d'Urville discovers Adélieland .

economy

traffic

RMS Britannia

• July 4th : The shipping company Cunard Line sets up regular steamboat connections between Liverpool and Halifax and Boston . The RMS Britannia is the first ship to be used in the postal service.
• August 17 : The Austrian Empire opens the Milan - Monza line as the second rail link . It later becomes part of the Lombard-Venetian railways .

Mannheim train station around 1840

• With the Mannheim - Heidelberg section of the Badische Hauptbahn , the first railway line opens in Baden .

Others

• January 10 : Isaac Pitman offers first distance learning . His students can learn the British shorthand he invented by mail .
• May 6 : The world's first postage stamp, the One Penny Black , is issued in Great Britain .
• June 20 : Samuel FB Morse receives United States Patent Office , the patent for his invention, the writing telegraph .

• Jan Aleksander Kerntopf founds a piano manufacture in Warsaw , which later became J. Kerntopf i Syn .

science and technology

• At the University of Zurich , founded in 1833 , female students are officially admitted for the first time.
• The doctor Carl von Basedow publishes a thyroid disease ( Basedow's disease )
• Justus von Liebig publishes the book Die Chemie in its application to agriculture and physiology
• First edition of the Provincial Medical and Surgical Journal

• around 1840: The Englishman William Hale developed the Congreve rocket further in Woolwich and invented the Hale rocket .

Culture

Visual arts

Carl Spitzweg : The butterfly hunter

• Carl Spitzweg produced the painting The Butterfly Hunter .

literature

• James Fenimore Cooper publishes the novel The Boy Scout , the fourth published part of his leather stocking cycle.

Music and theater

→ Main article : Music year 1840

• January 6 : The world premiere of the opera Le Drapier by Jacques Fromental Halévy takes place in Paris.

Drawing of the premiere

• February 11 : The opera La fille du régiment ( The Regiment's Daughter ) by Gaetano Donizetti based on the libretto by Jean-François Bayard and Jules-Henri Vernoy de Saint-Georges premieres at the Opéra-Comique in Paris with sustained success.
• March 10 : The world premiere of the opera La vestale by Saverio Mercadante takes place at the Teatro San Carlo in Naples.
• April 10 : The world premiere of the opera The Martyrs by Gaetano Donizetti takes place in Paris.
• 23 June : The world premiere of the comic opera Hans Sachs by Albert Lortzing based on the play of the same name by Johann Ludwig Deinhardstein takes place in Leipzig .
• June 25 : The first performance of the symphony cantata Lobgesang by Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy takes place in Leipzig's St. Thomas Church under the direction of the composer. A second version will be heard for the first time on December 3rd .
• August 8 : The romantic opera Mária Bátori by Ferenc Erkel to a libretto by Béni Egressy is premiered in Pest.
• 5th September : The world premiere of the opera Un giorno di regno by Giuseppe Verdi based on the libretto by Felice Romani at La Scala in Milan turns into a fiasco. The play is mercilessly whistled by the audience and immediately removed from the program. Bartolomeo Merelli , the director of La Scala in Milan, immediately terminates the contract with the composer. Verdi, who was present at the premiere, decides never to write an opera again.
• November 17th : The comedy Le verre d'eau ou Les effets et les causes ( The Glass of Water, or: Causes and Effects ) by Eugène Scribe has its world premiere at the Théâtre-Français in Paris.

Saffo - title of the libretto

• November 29th : The world premiere of the opera Saffo by Giovanni Pacini takes place with great success at the Teatro San Carlo in Naples. Francilla Pixis sings the title role , Gaetano Fraschini sings Faone.
• December 2 : The world premiere of the opera La favorite ( Die Favoritin ) by Gaetano Donizetti takes place at the Grand Opéra Paris under the musical direction of François-Antoine habeneck . The libretto is by Alphonse Royer , Eugène Scribe and Gustave Vaëz based on the story Les amants malheureux ou le comte de Comminges by François-Thomas-Marie de Baculard d'Arnaud . Rosine Stoltz and Gilbert Duprez sing the leading roles.

society

• February 5th : With the disappearance of a Franciscan father and his servant, the Damascus affair begins , a ritual murder charge against Jews living in Damascus .
• March 1 : The Viennese adventure restaurant Neues Elysium opens in the basement of the former St. Anna Monastery.
• June 28 : Friedrich Wilhelm August Fröbel founds the first kindergarten in Germany in Bad Blankenburg .
• September 12 : The composer Robert Schumann marries Clara Wieck in Schönefeld near Leipzig with court approval , whose father forbade the two of them to have any contact and refused to enter into this marriage .

religion

• March 15 : Jakob Lorber says he hears a voice inside himself that asks him to write. As God's clerk, the visionary transmits new revelations .
• May 8 : The Dresden synagogue designed by Gottfried Semper is inaugurated.
• September 18 : In the encyclical Probe nostis , Pope Gregory XVI deals with with the spread of the Catholic faith, particularly church missionary work .

Disasters

• The Great Natchez Tornado kills 317 people in Louisiana and Mississippi on May 7 .

• The city of Sonneberg in Thuringia is almost completely destroyed by a large fire.

Historical maps and views

Leipzig 1840

Born

January February

• 0January 1 : Patrick Walsh , American politician († 1899 )
• 0January 3 : Ludwig von Arco-Zinneberg , German politician († 1882 )
• 0January 3 : Damian de Veuster , Belgian priest and blessed († 1889 )
• 0January 9 : Samuel Baldwin Marks Young , American officer, Lieutenant General in the US Army († 1924 )
• January 10 : Louis-Nazaire Bégin , Archbishop of Québec and Cardinal († 1925 )
• January 13 : Michael Haller , Regensburg church musician and composer († 1915 )
• January 14 : Hilarión Daza , Bolivian President († 1894 )
• January 15 : Jo Abbott , American politician († 1908 )
• January 15 : Eduard Locher , Swiss engineer, inventor and independent entrepreneur († 1910 )
• January 18 : Ernst Rudorff , German musician, art educator and conservationist († 1916 )
• January 18 : Alfred Percy Sinnett , English author and theosophist († 1921 )
• January 22nd : Adolphe Deslandres , French composer and organist († 1911 )

Ernst Abbe

• January 23 : Ernst Abbe , German astronomer, mathematician, physicist, optician († 1905 )
• January 25 : Karl Appold , German painter, draftsman and engraver († 1884 )
• January 25 : Gideon Spicker , German religious philosopher and member of the Capuchin Order († 1912 )
• January 31 : Holmes Conrad , American lawyer and politician († 1915 )
• January 31 : Josef Ferch , Romanian-German composer, church musician and music teacher († 1902 )

• 0February 2 : Louis-Albert Bourgault-Ducoudray , French composer († 1910 )
• 0February 5 : Simeon Eben Baldwin , American politician († 1927 )
• 0February 5 : John Boyd Dunlop , Scottish engineer, inventor, designer († 1921 )
• 0February 5 : Hiram Maxim , American-British inventor († 1916 )
• 0February 5 : Richard Schöne , German archaeologist († 1922 )
• February 10 : Per Teodor Cleve , Swedish naturalist († 1905 )
• February 16 : Friederike Bognár , German actress († 1914 )
• February 22nd : August Bebel , German leader of the labor movement, socialist politician († 1913 )
• February 22nd : Samuel de Lange , Dutch-German organist, teacher and composer († 1911)
• February 22 : George A. Sheridan , American politician († 1896 )
• February 23 : Carl Menger , Austrian economist († 1921 )
• February 25 : Otto Liebmann , German philosopher († 1912 )
• February 28 : Henri Duveyrier , French traveler to Africa († 1892 )
• February 29 : Paul Adolph , German lawyer and politician († 1914 )
• February 29 : George D. Perkins , American politician († 1914 )

• 

  John Boyd Dunlop

• 

  Hiram Maxim

• 

  August Bebel

March April

• 0March 3 : Friedrich "Fritz" Ludwig Tilman Achelis , German businessman and politician († 1917 )
• 0March 3 : Chief Joseph , chief of the Nez Percé Indians († 1904 )
• 0March 4 : Udo zu Stolberg-Wernigerode , politician and Prussian state official († 1910 )
• 0March 6 : Gustave Ruiz , French composer († unknown)
• March 14 : David B. Henderson , American politician († 1906 )
• March 15 : Sophie Friederike Andreae , German writer († unknown)
• March 16 : Gaspard André , French architect († 1896 )
• March 16 : Hans Georg Conon von der Gabelentz , German sinologist († 1893 )
• 20 / March 22 : Silvia Andrea , Swiss writer († 1935 )
• March 20 : Franz Mertens , German mathematician († 1927 )
• March 22nd : Otto Wilhelm Thomé , German botanist († 1925 )
• March 28 : Eduard Schnitzer , German African explorer († 1892 )
• March 28 : Thyra Sehested , Danish historian († 1923 )
• March 29 : Désiré André , French mathematician († 1917 )
• March 29 : Carel Herman Aart van der Wijck , Governor General of the Dutch East Indies († 1914 )
• March 30 : Charles H. Sawyer , American politician († 1908 )
• March 31 : Benjamin Baker , English civil engineer († 1907 )

• 0April 1 : Wassili Wassiljewitsch Kühner , Russian composer († 1911 )

Emile Zola

• 0April 2 : Émile Zola , French writer and journalist († 1902 )
• 0April 5 : Théodore Ritter , French pianist and composer († 1886 )
• 0April 6 : Wilhelm Junker , German Africa explorer († 1892 )
• 0April 8 : Julius Dammann , German clergyman and writer († 1908 )
• 0April 9 : Wilhelm Exner , forest scientist, President of the Austrian Trade Association († 1931 )
• April 12 : Edmond Audran , French organist and composer († 1901 )
• April 22nd : Odilon Redon , French impressionist painter († 1916 )
• April 27 : Edward Whymper , English mountaineer († 1911 )
• April 28 : George G. Symes , American politician († 1893 )
• April 29 : Leopold Jacoby , German socialist poet († 1895 )
• April 30 : Rudolph Eberhard Hillebrand , German architect and building contractor († 1924 )

May June

• 0May 4 : George Gray , American politician and lawyer († 1925 )
• 0May 6 : John Raines , American politician († 1909 )

Pyotr I. Tchaikovsky, 1893

• 0May 7 : Pyotr Tchaikovsky , Russian composer († 1893 )
• 0May 8 : Friedrich Wilhelm Oskar von Arnstedt , German administrative lawyer († 1914 )
• 0May 8 : Emilie Wedekind-Kammerer , German actress and singer († 1916 )
• May 13 : Alphonse Daudet , French writer († 1897 )
• May 14 : Dominique Ducharme , Canadian pianist, organist and music teacher († 1899 )
• May 24th : Margarete , Saxon princess, Austrian Archduchess († 1858 )
• May 27 : William Patrick Auld , Australian winemaker, wine merchant and explorer († 1912 )
• May 27 : Lars Fredrik Nilson , Swedish chemist († 1899 )
• May 28 : Hans Makart , Austrian painter and decorator († 1884 )
• May 28 : Viktor Wilhelm Russ , Austrian politician († 1920 )
• May 28 : Johann Baptist Schneider , Austrian vicar general, auxiliary bishop († 1905 )
• May 30th : Anton Fischer , Archbishop of the Archdiocese of Cologne († 1912 )

• 0June 2 : Thomas Hardy , British writer († 1928 )
• 0June 6 : William Francis Bartlett , American general († 1876 )
• 0June 6 : John Stainer , English organist and composer († 1901 )
• 0June 7 : Charlotte , Mexican Empress († 1927 )
• 0June 8 : Manuel José de Arriaga , Portuguese politician († 1917 )
• 0June 9 : Akaki Tsereteli , Georgian writer and politician († 1915 )
• June 10 : Theodor Philipsen , Danish painter († 1920 )
• June 11 : William Warner , American politician († 1916 )
• June 12 : Jakub Arbes , Bohemian journalist and writer († 1914 )
• June 13 : Oskar Höcker , German actor and writer († 1894 )
• June 15 : Carl Klinke , Prussian soldier (pioneer) († 1864 )
• June 21 : Edward Stanley Gibbons , English philatelist († 1913 )
• June 21 : Emanuel Züngel , Czech poet, playwright, librettist and translator († 1894 )
• June 23 : Hermann Wagner , German geographer († 1929 )
• June 24 : Eugen Gutmann , German banker († 1925 )

July August

• 0July 3 : L. Bradford Prince , American politician († 1922 )
• 0July 8 : Heinrich von Angeli , Austrian painter († 1925 )
• 0July 8th : August Leskien , German Indo-Europeanist and Slavist († 1916 )
• 0July 9 : William Freeman Vilas , American politician († 1908 )
• July 11 : Frank Morey , American politician († 1890 )
• July 12 : John Q. Tufts , American politician († 1908 )
• July 14 : Heinrich Schwenger , German master builder († 1906 )
• July 16 : William R. Brown , American politician († 1916 )
• July 17 : Édouard François André , French gardener, garden designer and botanist († 1911 )
• July 18 : Giovanni Arcangeli , Italian botanist († 1921 )
• July 19 : José Manuel Balmaceda , Chilean politician († 1891 )
• July 20 : Louis Andrieux , French politician, Police Prefect of Paris and Ambassador († 1931 )
• July 24 : Abraham Goldfaden , Ukrainian writer († 1908 )
• July 26th : Eduard Pechuel-Loesche , German geographer and Africa explorer († 1913 )
• July 27 : Ranald Slidell MacKenzie , American general († 1889 )
• July 28 : Edward Drinker Cope , American paleontologist and zoologist († 1897 )

• 0August 1 : Franz Simandl , double bass player, music teacher and author († 1912 )
• 0August 3 : James Elton , English traveler to Africa and travel writer († 1877 )
• 0August 6 : Camille Crémer , French general († 1876 )
• August 10 : Károly Hornig , Archbishop of Veszprém and Cardinal († 1917 )
• August 14 : Richard von Krafft-Ebing , German psychiatrist and coroner († 1902 )
• August 15 : Richard Abé , German cast steel caster († 1919)
• August 20 : Wilhelm Lehmann , German founder of the city of Rafaela († 1886 )
• August 22 : Thomas Johann Heinrich Mann , German businessman († 1891 )
• August 28 : Ira David Sankey , American singer and composer of sacred songs († 1908 )
• August 31 : Wilhelm Dittenberger , German classical philologist and epigraphist († 1906 )

September October

• 0September 2 : Giovanni Verga , Italian writer († 1922 )
• 0September 5 : Ludwig Auerbach , German poet († 1882 )
• September 13 : Joseph Lyman , American politician († 1890 )
• September 14 : George Elbridge Whiting , American composer and organist († 1923 )
• September 18 : Emil Scaria , Austrian opera singer († 1886 )
• September 20 : Hugo Jentsch , German high school teacher, regional historian and researcher of prehistory († 1916 )
• September 21 : Murad V , Ottoman Sultan († 1904 )
• September 23 : Simon B. Conover , American politician († 1908 )
• September 23 : Benno Jaffé , German chemist, industrialist and local politician († 1923 )
• September 25 : William N. Roach , American politician († 1902 )
• September 27 : Alfred Thayer Mahan , American admiral († 1914 )
• September 27 : Thomas Nast , German-American cartoonist († 1902 )
• September 28 : Rudolf Baumbach , German poet († 1905 )
• September 30 : Johan Svendsen , Norwegian composer († 1911 )

• 0October 1 : Edward H. Gillette , American politician († 1918 )
• 0October 1 : Anthony C. Higgins , American politician († 1912 )
• 0October 1 : Godfried Marschall , Austrian vicar general, auxiliary bishop († 1911 )
• 0October 4 : Viktor Knorre , Russian astronomer († 1919 )
• 0October 4 : Charles Lenepveu , French composer and music teacher († 1910 )
• 0October 5 : John Addington Symonds , English author and teacher († 1893 )
• 0October 6 : Eugen Dieterich , chemist and pioneer in the German pharmaceutical industry († 1904 )
• 0October 6 : Christian August Volquardsen , German ancient historian († 1917 )
• October 10 : Evarts Worcester Farr , American politician († 1880 )
• October 11 : Roberto Stagno , Italian opera tenor († 1897 )
• October 12 : Luigi Bodio , Italian statistician († 1920 )
• October 14 : Heinrich Ebeling , German classical philologist and lexicographer
• October 14 : Friedrich Kohlrausch , German physicist († 1910 )
• October 14 : Paul Güßfeldt , German traveler to Africa († 1920 )
• October 15 : E. John Ellis , American politician († 1889 )
• October 15 : August Mau , German archaeologist († 1909 )
• October 21 : Charles Triplett O'Ferrall , American politician († 1905 )
• October 28 : Joseph W. Fifer , American politician († 1938 )
• October 28 : Georgine Schubert , German actress and singer († 1878 )
• October: Moïse Saucier , Canadian pianist, organist and music teacher († 1912 )

November December

• 0November 3 : Johann Sperl , German painter († 1914 )
• 0November 5 : Moses A. McCoid , American politician († 1904 )
• 0November 9 : Robert d'Orléans , Duke of Chartres († 1910 )

Auguste Rodin, 1893

• November 12th : Auguste Rodin , French sculptor († 1917 )

Claude Monet, 1899

• November 14 : Claude Monet , French impressionist painter († 1926 )
• November 15 : Friedrich Karl Hermann Georg von Viebahn , Prussian general and evangelist († 1915 )
• November 16 : Henry Markham , American politician († 1923 )
• November 20 : John Russell Young , American journalist, writer and diplomat († 1899 )
• November 21 : Victoria , Prussian Queen and German Empress († 1901 )
• November 22 : Émile Lemoine , French mathematician and engineer († 1912 )
• November 29 : Jules Guiffrey , French art historian († 1918 )
• November 30 : Wilhelm Erb , German neurologist († 1921 )

• 0December 1 : Marie Bracquemond , French impressionist painter († 1916 )
• 0December 5 : Bertha Akermann-Hasslacher , German writer († 1904 )
• 0December 7th : Hermann Goetz , German composer († 1876 )
• 0December 7th : Justus Heer , Swiss Protestant clergyman († 1886 )
• December 11 : Carl Johannes Thomae , German mathematician († 1921 )
• December 15 : Jules Danbé , French conductor and violinist († 1905 )
• December 17 : Ernst von Heynitz (Johanniter) , German officer, farmer and landowner († 1912 )
• December 17th : Christian Horneman , Danish composer († 1906 )
• December 19 : Giulio Ricordi , Italian music publisher and composer († 1912 )
• December 24th : Thomas Hurley Brents , American politician († 1916 )
• December 25 : Agnes Leclerq Joy , American circus rider and actress († 1912 )
• December 27 : John Wilbur Atwater , American politician († 1910 )
• December 27 : Jakob Geis , Bavarian folk singer († 1908 )
• December 29 : Felix Anton Dohrn , German zoologist, researcher of phylogenesis († 1909 )
• December 31 : Johann Ernst Sattler , German painter († 1923 )

Exact date of birth unknown

• Pierre Eliyya Abo-Alyonan , Patriarch of the Chaldean Catholic Church († 1894 )
• Bloody Bill Anderson , American pirate († 1864 )
• John Charles Ardagh , British officer, fortress builder, lawyer and colonial administrator († 1907 )
• Manuel Domínguez Sánchez , Spanish painter († 1906 )
• Agop Güllü , Armenian theater director († 1902 )
• American Horse II ., Indian chief († 1908 )
• Georges Jacobi , German composer and conductor († 1906 )
• Ion Perdicaris , Greek-American bon vivant, whose abduction in 1904 triggered the so-called Perdicaris incident († 1925 )
• Max Georg Schubert , German industrialist († 1901 )

Died

First quarter

• 0January 3 : Karl Ludwig Grave , German clergyman and educator (* 1784 )
• 0January 6th : Fanny Burney , English writer (* 1752 )
• 0January 6th : Johann Baptist Schiedermayr , German composer and church musician (* 1779 )
• 0January 8 : Franz Ludwig von Koenitz , German officer, landowner and member of the state parliament (* 1780 )
• January 13 : Karl Follen , German fraternity member and writer (* 1796 )
• January 16 : Christian Ferdinand Siemens , father of the founders of Siemens AG (* 1787 )
• January 17th : Ignaz Ambros von Amman , German cartographer and national geometer (* 1753 )
• January 18 : Johann Adam Goez , German writer and educator (* 1755 )
• January 18 : Jodocus Heringa Eliza's zoon , Dutch Reformed theologian (* 1765 )
• January 22nd : Rosa Maria Antonetta Paulina Assing , German poet, narrator, translator, silhouette artist and educator (* 1783 )
• January 22nd : Johann Friedrich Blumenbach , German anatomist and anthropologist (* 1752 )
• January 22nd : Ernst Georg Julius Hecht , German lawyer (* 1775 )
• January 24th : Johann Christoph Hasse , German pharmacist (* 1777 )
• January 27 : Isaac Chauncey , American naval officer (* 1772 )

Ernst Ludwig Riepenhausen, lithograph around 1820

• January 27 : Ernst Ludwig Riepenhausen , German engraver (* 1762 )
• January 28 : William Strong , American politician (* 1763 )
• January 28 : Heinrich Christian von Ulmenstein , German lawyer and civil servant (* 1777 )
• January 30th : Johann Karl Gottlob von Nostitz-Jänkendorf , German landowner (* 1754 )
• January 31 : Joseph von Utzschneider , German technician (* 1763 )

• 0February 6 : Peter van Bohlen , German orientalist (* 1796 )
• 0February 8 : Thomas Graf , German Catholic clergyman (* 1787 )
• February 13 : Nicolas-Joseph Maison , French general, Marshal of France (* 1771 )
• February 16 : Andreas Ludwig Christoph Kettembeil , German lawyer and editor (* 1768 )
• February 17 : Ferdinand Teuffer , German-Danish lawyer and author (* 1801 )
• February 18 : Elisabeth Christine Ulrike , daughter of Duke Karl I (Braunschweig) (* 1746 )
• February 20 : Wilhelm Gotthelf Lohrmann , German geodesist, topographer, astronomer and meteorologist (* 1796 )

• 0March 2 : Heinrich Wilhelm Olbers , German doctor and astronomer (* 1758 )
• 0March 3 : Wilhelm Langbein , German educator (* 1801 )
• 0March 4th : Wulf Christopher von Ahlefeldt , owner of Gut Deutsch-Lindau and Königsförde (* 1761 )
• 0March 5 : Reinhard Christian Wilhelm Aurelius Steimmig , German medic (* 1785 )
• 0March 9 : Georg Scheiblein , Roman Catholic clergyman (* 1766 )
• March 12 : Georg Friedrich Baumgärtel , German educator (* 1760 )
• March 12 : Gustav Wilhelm Struckmann , German lawyer and author (* 1796 )
• March 14 : Heinrich Escher , Swiss businessman and politician (* 1777 )
• March 17th : Ludwig von Wirschinger , Bavarian Minister of Finance (* 1781 )
• March 18 : Hans Georg von Carlowitz , Saxon Minister (* 1772 )
• March 18 : Christopher G. Champlin , American politician (* 1768 )
• March 19 : Thomas Daniell , English painter and etcher (* 1749 )
• March 20 : Dietrich Friedrich von Holstein , German officer (* 1758 )
• March 20 : Maximilian Friedrich Scheibler , German clergyman (* 1759 )
• March 23 : William Maclure , Scottish geologist, scholar and philanthropist (* 1763 )
• March 25 : Franz Gallus Sündermahler , German lawyer and civil servant (* 1755)
• March 27 : Philipp Albert Stapfer , Swiss politician, diplomat and theologian (* 1766 )
• March 28 : Vincent Delacour , French composer (* 1808 )
• March 28 : Anton Friedrich Justus Thibaut , German jurist (* 1772 )
• March 30th : Johann Philipp Beck , German clergyman and teacher (* 1766 )
• March 30th : George Bryan Brummell , British dandy, friend of George IV (* 1778 )
• March 30th : Joseph Pletz , Austrian Roman Catholic clergyman, educator and author (* 1788 )

Second quarter

• 0April 1 : Rudolf von Salis-Zizers , Swiss officer (* 1779 )
• 0April 7th : Thaddeus Betts , American politician (* 1789 )
• 0April 9 : Heinrich Otto von Aderkas , General of the Imperial Russian Army (* 1770 )
• April 12 : Franz Anton von Gerstner , Austrian engineer (* 1796 )
• April 13 : Ferdinand Otto Vollrath Lawätz , German-Danish lawyer, landowner, author and civil servant (* 1751 )
• April 14 : Christian Heinrich Delius , German archivist and historian (* 1778 )

Siméon Denis Poisson

• April 16 : Gebhard Anton von Krosigk , German civil servant and landowner (* 1754 )
• April 17 : Gustav Adolf Ferdinand Heinrich Leo , German civil servant (* 1779 )
• April 18 : Johann Heinrich Fuhr , German businessman (* 1777 )
• April 19 : August Ernst Rauschenbusch , German educator and Lutheran clergyman (* 1777 )
• April 20 : Carl von Alten , German general (* 1764 )
• April 23 : Wilhelm von Studnitz , German officer and writer (* 1789 )
• April 25 : Siméon Denis Poisson , French physicist and mathematician (* 1781 )
• April 26 : Georg Gottfried Rudolph , German servant and private secretary of Friedrich Schiller (* 1778 )
• April 29th : Edmund von Kesselstatt , Roman Catholic clergyman (* 1765 )
• April 29th : Pierre Jean Robiquet , French chemist (* 1780 )
• April 29 : Caleb Rodney , American politician (* 1767 )

Caspar David Friedrich in his studio, 1819

• 0May 1 : Charles-Henri Allamand , Swiss physician (* 1776 )
• 0May 2 : Ferdinand von Schau , German officer and district administrator (* 1768 )
• 0May 3 : Johann Friedrich Hütter , lawyer and mayor (* 1774 )
• 0May 4 : Friedrich August Ludewig , German clergyman, educator and writer (* 1768 )
• 0May 6 : Bernhard Wilhelm Toel , German clergyman (* 1770 )
• 0May 7 : Caspar David Friedrich , German Romantic painter (* 1774 )
• 0May 8 : Ernst Gottlob Jäkel , German educator and philologist (* 1788 )
• May 10 : Catterino Cavos , Russian composer of Italian origin (* 1775 )
• May 10 : Johann Christoph Gottlob Weise , German botanist and author (* 1762 )
• May 11 : Eduard Joseph d'Alton , anatomist, archaeologist and engraver (* 1772 )
• May 11 : Johann Christoph Biernatzki , German writer (* 1795 )
• May 11 : Ferdinand Meyer , Swiss politician and historian (* 1799 )
• May 12 : Ignaz Stupan von Ehrenstein , Austrian Councilor (* 1780 )
• May 13 : Christian Friedrich Krüger , German Minister of State (* 1753 )
• May 13 : Karl Ludwig Randhan , German physician (* 1787 )
• May 14 : Carl Ludwig Engel , German-Finnish architect and painter (* 1778 )
• May 14 : Karl Wilhelm August Porsche , German lawyer and local politician (* 1786 )
• May 14 : Karl vom Stein zum Altenstein , Prussian politician (* 1770 )
• May 19 : John Adair , American politician and governor of Kentucky (* 1757 )
• May 20 : Johann Heinrich Freytag , German lawyer and mayor of Frankfurt (Oder) (* 1760 )
• May 25 : Silvestre Blanco , Uruguayan politician (* 1783 )
• May 27 : Niccolò Paganini , Italian violinist and composer (* 1782 )

• 0June 1 : Joseph Anton Dollmayr , German professor (* 1804 )
• 0June 3 : Johann Christian Friedrich Patzig , German civil servant (* 1774 )
• 0June 6th : Marcellin Champagnat , French priest and founder of the order of the Marist Brothers (* 1789 )

Friedrich Wilhelm III.

• 0June 7th : Jean Baptiste Noël Bouchotte , French politician and general (* 1754 )
• 0June 7th : Emanuel von Bretfeld zu Kronenburg , Bohemian officer (* 1774 )
• 0June 7th : Friedrich Wilhelm III. , Prussian King (* 1770 )
• 0June 7 : Gottlieb Ernst August Mehmel , German philosopher (* 1761 )
• June 10 : Konrad Melsbach , Prussian district administrator (* 1785 )
• June 19 : John Cockerill , British industrialist (* 1790 )
• June 19 : Pierre-Joseph Redouté , French painter (* 1759 )
• June 20 : Pierre-Claude Daunou , French politician, archivist and historian (* 1761 )
• June 21 : Karl Christian Ferdinand Chop , German civil servant (* 1767 )
• June 26 : William Smith , American politician (* 1762 )
• June 29 : Lucien Bonaparte , brother of Napoleon Bonaparte (* 1775 )

Third quarter

• 0July 6 : Johann Heinrich Ramberg , German painter and draftsman (* 1763 )
• July 22nd : Józef Javurek , Czech pianist, conductor and composer (* 1756 )

Carl Blechen, 1825

• July 23 : Carl Blechen , German landscape painter (* 1798 )
• July 28 : John George Lambton , British statesman of the Whig Party (* 1792 )

• 0August 1 : Karl Otfried Müller , German classical philologist and archaeologist (* 1797 )
• 0August 8 : Johann Friedrich Abegg , German businessman and senator in Bremen (* 1761 )
• August 11 : Johann Conrad Arnold , Hessian politician (* 1774 )
• August 11 : Simeon H. Anderson , American politician (* 1802 )
• August 25 : Carl Leberecht Immermann , German writer, poet and playwright (* 1796 )
• August 27 : Hermann Wedel-Jarlsberg , Norwegian politician (* 1779 )

• 0September 2 : Franz Julius Ferdinand Meyen , German physician, botanist and university professor (* 1804 )
• 0September 5 : Martin Chittenden , American politician (* 1763 )
• September 13 : Vinzenz Hauschka , Bohemian composer (* 1766 )
• September 15 : Maria Beatrix of Savoy , daughter of Victor Emanuel I (* 1792 )
• September 15 : Franz Pecháček , Austro-German composer (* 1793 )
• September 16 : Paul Rudolph von Bilguer , German chess master (* 1815 )
• September 20 : José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia , dictator of Paraguay from 1814 to 1840 (* 1766 )
• September 22nd : Augusta Sophia , British-Hanoverian princess (* 1768 )
• September 24th : Jacques MacDonald , Marshal of France (* 1765 )
• September 28 : Claude-Emmanuel de Pastoret , French politician and writer (* 1755 )
• September 29th : Friedrich Adolph August Struve , German doctor and pharmacist (* 1781 )

Fourth Quarter

• 0October 8 : John Pratt, 1st Marquess Camden , British politician (* 1759 )
• October 10 : Johann Christoph Stelzhammer , Austrian Catholic clergyman and physicist (* 1750)
• October 24 : John S. Spence , American politician (* 1788 )
• October 26 : Nicholas Aylward Vigors , Irish zoologist, ornithologist and politician (* 1785 )
• October 27th : Machbuba , child-woman from Ethiopia, steeped in history (* 1825 )
• October 29 : Johann Caspar Rahn , Swiss painter and drawing teacher (* 1769 )
• October 30 : Johann Stieglitz , German doctor (* 1767 )

• 0November 9 : Karl Heinrich von Gros , German lawyer and university professor (* 1765 )
• November 10 : Ferdinand Eßlair , Slavonian actor (* 1772 )
• November 16 : Sophie Albrecht , German actress and writer (* 1756 )
• November 26 : Karl von Rotteck , German historian and politician (* 1775 )
• November 30th : Gottlieb Christian Eberhard von Etzel , German town planner and senior building officer (* 1784 )
• November 30th : Adam von Faßmann , German pharmacist and politician (* 1785 )
• November 30th : Joseph Johann von Littrow , Austrian astronomer (* 1781 )

• 0December 2 : Christopher Ellery , American politician (* 1768 )
• December 11 : Kōkaku , 119th Emperor of Japan (* 1771 )
• December 13th : Louis-Charles Mahé de La Bourdonnais , French chess master (* 1797 )
• December 13 : José Güemes , Argentine independence fighter and politician (* 1803 )
• December 16 : Johann Friedrich Abegg , German theologian (* 1765 )
• December 17th : Friedrich August von Staegemann , German politician (* 1763 )
• December 19 : Felix Grundy , American politician (* 1777 )
• December 21 : Johannes Herzog , Swiss politician and entrepreneur (* 1773 )
• December 21 : Christian Rudolph Wilhelm Wiedemann , German physicist, historian, natural scientist and entomologist (* 1770 )
• December 31 : Prentiss Mellen , American politician (* 1764 )

Exact date of death unknown

• Hans Heinrich Wilhelm Arendt , author and publisher (* 1777 )
• Ndlela kaSompisi , adviser and general to the Zulu kings Shaka kaSenzangakhona and Dingane kaSenzangakhona (* unknown)
• Martin Span , Austrian educator and author
• Thomas Hill Williams , American politician (* 1780 )

Web links

Commons : 1840  - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files

• Digitized newspapers from 1840 in the newspaper information system (ZEFYS) of the Berlin State Library