Karl Heinrich von Gros

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Karl Heinrich Gros , von Gros from 1818 , (born November 10, 1765 in Sindelfingen , † November 9, 1840 in Stuttgart ) was a German lawyer and university professor .

Life

Karl Heinrich von Gros was the son of Christoph Ferdinand Gros (born October 19, 1732 in Kirchheim unter Teck ; † March 5, 1808 in Urach ), later special superintendent of Urach and his wife Regine Elisabeth (born September 22, 1744; † unknown) , a daughter of Johann Benjamin Hummel (1712–1790), pastor in Sindelfingen.

His siblings were:

  • Eberhardine Regine (born June 26, 1763 in Sindelfingen; † unknown), married to Christian Jakob Baur (1755–1817), dean in Blaubeuren ;
  • Charlotte Christiane (born November 18, 1764; † unknown), married to Erich Heinrich Rieker, town clerk in Wildberg ;
  • Luise Auguste (born August 3, 1767; † unknown);
  • Sophie Friderica (born June 7, 1771; † unknown);
  • Christiane Friderica, married to Eberhard Ludwig Cramer, pharmacist.

His maternal grandfather, the parish priest Hummel in Sindelfingen, prepared him in school as a child. In the period from 1779 to 1783 he attended the monastery schools in Blaubeuren and Bebenhausen . In 1783 he began studying philosophy and theology at the University of Tübingen in the winter semester and received his Baccalaureus phil. On December 5, 1783 . and on September 22, 1785 the Magister phil. After completing his studies, he was employed for five years from 1788 as court master educator of the royal princes of Württemberg Wilhelm I and Paul von Württemberg . Due to the conditions at court and the influence of critical philosophy, he turned to legal theory and began studying law at the University of Jena in 1793 , where he became acquainted with Friedrich Schiller , Friedrich Immanuel Niethammer , Carl Leonhard Reinhold and Johann Jakob Griesbach , Christian Gottfried Schütz and Wilhelm von Humboldt . In 1794 he continued his studies at the University of Göttingen ; there he frequented the historian Ludwig Timotheus Spittler . In 1795 he was promoted to Dr. jur. qualified as a professor and worked as a private lecturer in law at the University of Göttingen.

The then Prussian minister for the Franconian duchies , Baron Karl August von Hardenberg , who owned some estates near Göttingen, became aware of Karl Heinrich von Gros and arranged for him to be appointed sixth professor on June 1, 1796 at the then Prussian University of Erlangen . In 1797 he was appointed fourth professor and admitted to the Senate. To enter the law faculty on October 26, 1798, he wrote the dissertation De notione poenarum forensium , in which he at the same time, but independently of Paul Johann Anselm von Feuerbach , set up a theory of psychological coercion to justify criminal law.

In 1800 he was appointed to the University of Halle as the successor to Ernst Ferdinand Klein ; Justice Minister Julius Eberhard von Massow tried to keep him there, but in 1802 he followed an appointment as a consultant for the Württemberg landscape , although he was reluctant to give up his academic activity, but he was refused confirmation by Duke Friedrich . After lengthy negotiations in which the landscape denied the duke the right to refuse the confirmation without giving any reason, the landscape turned to the imperial councilor with a complaint and Karl Heinrich von Gros was sent to Vienna. Minister von Hardenberg, who had followed the dispute closely, was able to win Karl Heinrich von Gros back for the University of Erlangen after the duke had once again declared that he would never give the confirmation. In the meantime, however, a decision had been made on the complaint by the state and with a mandate dated August 16, 1804, the Reichshofrat ordered the duke to give the confirmation immediately. When the mandate arrived in Stuttgart on August 21, 1804, the Duke ordered the immediate arrest of Karl Heinrich von Gros because he appeared particularly suspicious as the teacher of his son Wilhelm I, who opposed him and who had fled to Paris, and left him after his Papers had been sealed, lead to the Hohenasperg ; he was detained there for five weeks. Minister von Hardenberg was able to obtain his release on September 28, 1804 and Gros immediately traveled to Erlangen to receive the title of royal Prussian court counselor and began lecturing in the winter semester as a full professor. In the winter semester of 1804/1805 he took up his position as the third professor for pandects . He remained in his teaching post until 1817 and turned down several appointments to other universities. In 1810/1811 he was elected Vice-Rector and Pro-Chancellor .

On March 1, 1805, he resigned from his position as Württemberg landscape consultant.

In March 1817 he returned to his homeland and took the position of President of the Royal Württemberg Criminal Tribunal in Esslingen, then at the end of 1817 he was appointed President of the Upper Tribunal and Associate Assessor of the Royal Privy Council in Stuttgart and in 1820 as a Royal Privy Councilor in the second local council Department appointed. In 1818 he became a member of the commission for drafting a new constitution; on July 13, 1819, he took part as one of four royal commissioners in the consultation of the constitution with the estates . From 1820 to 1839 he worked on the Criminal Code and the Code of Criminal Procedure.

In 1801 he married Christiane, the daughter of the Göttingen grammar school director Jeremias Nicolaus Eyring (1739–1803), they had eight children together, of which two sons and four daughters survived him.

Honors

Fonts (selection)

In 1795 he published a detailed article in Friedrich Schiller's Horen , On the idea of ​​the ancients of fate , in which he combined the classical tragedies with the Kantian philosophy.

literature

  • Emanuel Ullmann:  Gros, Carl Heinrich von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 9, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1879, p. 740 f.
  • Karl Heinrich Gros in The Professors and Lecturers of the Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen, Part 1: Theological Faculty, Law Faculty 1743–1960. Erlangen research: special series; Vol. 5. Erlangen 1993.
  • Karl Heinrich Gros in New Nekrolog der Deutschen, Volume 18, 1840, Part 2, pp. 1053 f. Weimar 1842.
  • Karl Heinrich Gros in General Encyclopedia of Sciences and Arts, 1. Section A – G, p. 245 f. Leipzig 1872.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Gros, Christoph Ferdinand. Retrieved October 1, 2018 .