Bruchsal
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 49 ° 7 ' N , 8 ° 36' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Baden-Württemberg | |
| Administrative region : | Karlsruhe | |
| County : | Karlsruhe | |
| Height : | 114 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 93.03 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 44,644 (Dec. 31, 2018) | |
| Population density : | 480 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 76646 | |
| Primaries : | 07251, 07257 | |
| License plate : | KA | |
| Community key : | 08 2 15 009 | |
| LOCODE : | DE BCL | |
| City structure: | Core city and 5 districts | |
City administration address : |
Kaiserstraße 66 76646 Bruchsal |
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| Website : | ||
| Lord Mayor : | Cornelia Petzold-Schick (independent) | |
| Location of the city of Bruchsal in the district of Karlsruhe | ||
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Bruchsal ( , dialectal Brusl) is a town on the western edge of the Kraichgau , about 20 kilometers north of Karlsruhe in Baden-Württemberg . It is the city with the largest asparagus market in Europe, the largest city in the Karlsruhe district and a medium-sized center for the surrounding communities. Until 1972 Bruchsal was the seat of the district of the same name , which became part of the district of Karlsruhe as a result of the district reform on January 1, 1973.
Around 1955 the population exceeded the 20,000 mark. That is why Bruchsal was declared a major district town when the Baden-Württemberg municipal code came into force on April 1, 1956 . Bruchsal has agreed an administrative partnership with the neighboring community of Forst .
geography
location
Bruchsal lies on the edge of the Upper Rhine Plain and the Kraichgau on the Saalbach , a small tributary of the Rhine that flows between Philippsburg and Oberhausen.
Neighboring communities
The following cities and communities border the city of Bruchsal. They are named clockwise starting in the north and all belong to the district of Karlsruhe : Forst , Ubstadt-Weiher , Kraichtal , Bretten , Gondelsheim , Walzbachtal , Weingarten (Baden) , Stutensee and Karlsdorf-Neuthard . The uninhabited exclave north of Karlsdorf-Neuthard, which belongs to the urban area of Bruchsal and the suburb of the city center, borders on the communities of Graben-Neudorf , Waghäusel and Hambrücken and, like the main part of the community, on the communities of Forst and Karlsdorf-Neuthard.
City structure
The urban area of Bruchsal is divided into the core city and the districts of Büchenau , Heidelsheim , Helmsheim , Obergrombach and Untergrombach .
Occasionally, residential areas with their own name are distinguished within the core city (e.g. Silberhölle, Weiherberg, Augsteiner, Südstadt, Reserve), although their boundaries are usually not precisely defined. There are also separate residential areas in the urban area , which often consist of just one or a few houses, such as Langental, Rohrbacher Hof, Scheckenbronnerhof, Staighof, Talmühle and Auf dem Michaelsberg (Untergrombach).
The local constitution was introduced for the districts incorporated during the regional reform of the 1970s , which means that the citizens of the district ( locality ) elect their own committee for each local election, the local council , which is heard on important matters of the locality. The chairman of the local council is the mayor .
Spatial planning
Bruchsal forms a middle center within the Middle Upper Rhine region , the upper center of which is the city of Karlsruhe . In addition to the town of Bruchsal, the towns and communities of Bad Schönborn , Forst , Hambrücken , Karlsdorf-Neuthard , Kraichtal , Kronau , Oberhausen-Rheinhausen , Östringen , Philippsburg , Ubstadt-Weiher and Waghäusel of the Karlsruhe district belong to the central area of Bruchsal .
history
Early history
Finds of the Michelsberg culture from the late 5th and 4th millennium BC were found on the Michaelsberg in Untergrombach . Known in the early Neolithic .
In Bruchsal in 996 a certificate from Emperor Otto III. made out for the diocese of Freising , in which the first document for the word Austria (as Ostarrichi ) appears.
Religions
The area of the city of Bruchsal had belonged to the diocese of Speyer both politically and ecclesiastically since the Middle Ages and was subordinate to the archdeaconate of the provost of the collegiate monastery of St. John and St. Guido in Speyer . The Reformation could hardly gain a foothold and was finally suppressed by the bishop, so that the city remained predominantly Catholic . Bruchsal became the seat of a deanery very early on. In 1716 it even became the seat of the entire prince-bishopric when Bishop Heinrich von Rollingen moved to Bruchsal Castle and Bruchsal became the residential city. When the prince-bishopric was secularized in 1803, Bruchsal remained the seat of the ecclesiastical territory until the bishop's death in 1810. Then Bruchsal became the seat of the Bruchsal vicariate, which was responsible for the entire right-bank area of the former bishoprics of Speyer, Mainz and Worms. In 1821 the Archbishopric of Freiburg was founded as a new diocese for the Grand Duchy of Baden and in 1827 the first Archbishop took office. Since then, Bruchsal and its entire surrounding area belonged to this archdiocese and again became the seat of a deanery. Today it includes 28 parishes in 10 pastoral care units in the entire Bruchsal area. Parishes or churches are in the core town of St. Peter , the City Church of Our Lady, Castle Church of St. Damian and Hugo, St. Paul, St. Anton and St. Josef and in the districts of St. Bartholomäus Büchenau, St. Maria Heidelsheim, St. Sebastian Helmsheim, St. Martin Obergrombach and St. Cosmas and Damian Untergrombach. Hensel Frosch built a pilgrimage church on Michaelsberg near Untergrombach in the 15th century.
After the secularization in 1803, an evangelical congregation was founded in Bruchsal , which grew steadily in the following period (only 584 in 1825, already 3,720 in 1900) and in 1928 was divided into a north and a south congregation. The Luther Church was built for both parishes in 1935/36, which was destroyed in World War II and rebuilt in 1950. At the end of the 20th century, the parishes were reunited to form the Luther Parish Bruchsal. After the war, another Protestant church was built, the Paul Gerhardt Church. The districts of Heidelsheim and Helmsheim had become Protestant early on because they belonged to the Electoral Palatinate and Baden, respectively , while the districts of Büchenau, Obergrombach and Untergrombach remained predominantly Catholic as part of the Speyer diocese. Only recently have Protestants moved to these parts of the city. This led to the establishment of the Christ Congregation for the districts of Obergrombach and Untergrombach. The Protestants of Büchenau still belong to the neighboring community of Staffort (city of Stutensee ). While the Protestants of the regional church in the Bruchsal area initially belonged to the Bretten deanery after 1806, Bruchsal became the seat of the Karlsruhe-Land deanery, which had existed since 1809. Today 26 parishes in the entire northern district of Karlsruhe belong to it. In 2007 the Dean's office was moved to the neighboring community of Forst. In the urban area of Bruchsal there are therefore the following regional church communities: Luther parish, Paul Gerhardt parish in the core city as well as Evangelical parish Heidelsheim, Evangelical parish Helmsheim and Christ parish in Untergrombach and Obergrombach in the districts.
In addition, there are also congregations of various free churches in Bruchsal , including a congregation of the Evangelical Methodist Church and an Adventist congregation, the Church for Bruchsal (KFB) and the Bruchsal FeG . The Bruchsal City Mission is a regional church community under the umbrella of the Liebenzeller Community Association and is a community within the Protestant regional church in Baden. The New Apostolic Church and Jehovah's Witnesses are also present in Bruchsal.
Jews had lived in Bruchsal since the 13th century . At the end of the 19th century there was one of the largest Israelite communities in Baden in Bruchsal; in 1875 it had a remarkable 609 members (5.6% of the total population of Bruchsal). The city owes its members significant economic and cultural impulses. The legal equality and the gradual integration of the Jews into the majority society, however, were repeatedly hindered by anti-Semitic forces - politically or through violent attacks. The stations of the persecution of the Jews under National Socialism were then also called in Bruchsal: boycott and destruction of the economic base - social and legal exclusion - pogrom on 9/10. November 1938 and expulsion. On October 22, 1940, almost all Jews living in Baden were deported to Gurs in the Wagner-Bürckel campaign . At least 104 Bruchsal Jews were murdered by the National Socialists. There has been no Jewish community in Bruchsal since the end of World War II.
For several decades, there have also been Muslims and Islamic places of worship ( mosques ) in Bruchsal, mainly due to immigration : the Turkish DITIB mosque Sultan Ahmet Camii, which was previously in the shadow ditch, is now on Industriestraße. In 2005 a former printing plant was converted there and a mosque was opened in 2012. The Sütcü-Imam-Camii-Mosque of the Islamic community Millî Görüş is in the ban willow path. The Bait-ul-Ahad Mosque of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Jamaat was inaugurated on December 12, 2012 by Caliph Mirza Masrur Ahmad and is located on Eisenbahnstrasse.
Incorporations
The following cities and communities were incorporated into the city of Bruchsal. Before the district reform in 1973 they all belonged to the Bruchsal district.
- July 1, 1971: City of Obergrombach and the municipality of Untergrombach
- July 1, 1972: Municipalities of Büchenau and Helmsheim
- October 1, 1974: City of Heidelsheim
Population development
Population figures according to the respective area. The numbers are estimates or census results (¹) as well as official updates from the respective statistical offices ( main residences only ).
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¹ census result
Population broken down by district
- Core city northeast 9,390
- Core city southeast 7.502
- Core city southwest 5,263
- Core city northwest 2,850
- Total core city: 25,005
- Büchenau 2.232
- Heidelsheim 4,639
- Helmsheim 2.185
- Obergrombach 2,475
- Untergrombach 5,891
As of March 31, 2010 Statistics Office of the City of Bruchsal
politics
Municipal council
The town council has 32 honorary members who are elected for five years. The municipal councils use the designation city councilor. In addition, the mayor is the municipal council chairwoman with voting rights.
The 2019 local elections led to the following result (in brackets: difference to 2014):
| Municipal Council 2019 | ||||
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| Party / list | Share of votes | Seats | ||
| CDU | 27.2% (−9.6) | 8 (−3) | ||
| Green / NEW HEADS | 18.8% (+6.7) | 6 (+2) | ||
| SPD | 16.9% (−4.9) | 5 (−2) | ||
| Free voters | 14.7% (−0.5) | 5 (± 0) | ||
| FDP / citizen list | 9.4% (+1.0) | 3 (± 0) | ||
| AfD / Independent Citizens | 8.0% (+5.1) | 3 (+2) | ||
| Independent voters' association (UWV) | 2.5% (+1.5) | 1 (+1) | ||
| Departure from Bruchsal | 1.7% (+1.7) | 1 (+1) | ||
| Turnout: 56.9% (+8.5) | ||||
City leaders
The head of the city is the mayor, since April 1, 1956, mayor , who is directly elected by the population for eight years. His permanent representative is the first alderman with the official title of mayor.
Mayor and Lord Mayor
- 1888–1898: Albert Gautier
- 1945–1963: Franz Bläsi (CDU)
Franz Bläsi played a prominent role as mayor and later as mayor in the reconstruction of Bruchsal after the Second World War. During this time, many public buildings were built and built and the city of Bruchsal was named a major district town. As a member of the Württembergisch-Badischen (1949–1952) and the Baden-Württemberg State Parliament (1952–1956), he campaigned for the interests of his city at the state level. Today the former Schillerstrasse bears his name.
- 1964–1985: Adolf Bieringer (CDU)
- 1985 to September 30, 2009: Bernd Doll (CDU)
- from October 1, 2009: Cornelia Petzold-Schick
coat of arms
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In blue a continuous, polished silver cross, in the right upper corner a silver ball.
The coat of arms has been used for many centuries, it symbolizes the Speyer Cross, as the city of Bruchsal was the seat of the Prince Diocese of Speyer until 1803 . The sphere may have been added to the coat of arms by mistake, in that an engraving error was interpreted as a point or sphere in older images. In the vernacular it is sometimes interpreted as the “eyesore” of the city. According to other sources, it was inserted as a distinguishing feature from the prince-bishop's coat of arms. The city colors are white-blue. |
Town twinning
Bruchsal maintains city partnerships with the following cities :
- Sainte-Menehould ( France ) since 1965
- Cwmbran , County Borough Torfaen ( Wales , United Kingdom ), since 1979
- Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines ( France ), since 1989
- Gornja Radgona ( Slovenia ), since 2006
- Volterra ( Italy ), since 2008
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
Bruchsal can be reached via the federal motorway 5 ( Karlsruhe - Frankfurt ) (Bruchsal junction). In addition, federal highways 3 (Karlsruhe - Heidelberg ) and 35 ( Bretten - Germersheim ) run through the city .
The Bruchsal station is located at the intersection of the Mannheim – Basel ( Rheintalbahn ), Westbahn and Bruhrainbahn lines and is connected to the Mannheim – Stuttgart high-speed line via a connecting curve.
In regional traffic, the S 3 (Karlsruhe – Heidelberg– Germersheim ), S 33 (Bruchsal – Graben Neudorf – Germersheim) and S 4 (Bruchsal – Heidelberg – Germersheim) S-Bahn lines serve the Rhein -Neckar S-Bahn and the S light rail lines 31 (Karlsruhe – Bruchsal– Odenheim ), S 32 (Karlsruhe – Bruchsal– Menzingen ) and S 9 (Bruchsal – Bretten– Mühlacker ) of the Karlsruhe light rail line the station.
The commercial education center and the Bruchsal districts of Untergrombach as well as Heidelsheim and Helmsheim are on the tram lines. In the Bruchsal core city area there are next to the train station the tram stops "Schlossgarten" and "Stegwiesen" on the S31 and S32 lines, "Tunnelstraße" and "Schlachthof" on the S9 line, and since 2011 the "Sportzentrum" and "Am Mantel" stops. The local public transport (ÖPNV) also serve numerous regional bus routes. There are also city buses that run every half hour on weekdays, which connect to various parts of the city. Outside the operating times of the city and regional bus lines, the shared call taxi opens up Bruchsal and the surrounding area. In the Bruchsal area, the tariff regulations of the Karlsruher Verkehrsverbund (KVV) apply , north of Bad Schönborn those of the Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Neckar (VRN) apply .
There is also the Bruchsal airfield .
Companies based in Bruchsal
- Blanco logistics center
- DG Flugzeugbau Light aircraft construction, such as gliders and motor gliders
- Durst Malz, produces malt for the brewing industry
- DHL freight center Bruchsal
- Hansa-Heemann , manufacturer of mineral water and soft drinks
- John Deere Cabin Factory and European Parts Distribution Center
- Reis Eurosystems GmbH Money counting, sorting and packaging machines
- Ries Verkehrstechnik, manufacturer of traffic signs
- SHK AG , purchasing cooperative of independent specialist tradesmen
- Sulzer AG , Swiss industrial group
- SEW-Eurodrive , a manufacturer of drive technology
- Zabler noodles, with the brands Hochzeit Nudeln and Paradiso Bio
media
The daily newspaper in Bruchsal is the “Bruchsaler Rundschau”, a local edition of the Badische Neuesten Nachrichten that appears in Karlsruhe . The city magazine "WILLI" appears monthly and is also available online.
There are also the Internet platforms “bruchsal.org” and the city information system “Bruchsal.de”.
KraichgauTV broadcasts weekly updated television reports on events from Bruchsal and the region via digital cable television . Since the beginning of 2008, KraichgauTV has been updated daily with the “Neue Wochenschau”.
There is also the free “Bruchsaler Wochenblatt” and the “Kurier”, the free advertising leaflet from the Badische Neuesten Nachrichten.
In addition, the “ ka-news .de” Internet portal , which publishes daily news from Karlsruhe and the Karlsruhe district, has its own section with news from the Bruchsal region.
Authorities, courts and correctional facility
Bruchsal is the seat of a local court that belongs to the regional court district of Karlsruhe . As a family court, the Bruchsal District Court is also responsible for the neighboring districts of Bretten and Philippsburg . There is also a tax office . The city is the seat of the Karlsruhe-Land church district of the Evangelical Church in Baden and the Bruchsal deanery of the Archdiocese of Freiburg .
The Bruchsal correctional facility is located in Bruchsal and was completed in the revolutionary year of Baden in 1848 based on the model of the English prison in Pentonville . The renovated asylum church in the dome of the central building (1989) is an architectural achievement. The "Café Achteck" offers a serious contrast to the nearby former baroque residence of the bishops of Speyer. In 2004 the institution was occupied by an average of 629 prisoners. The most prominent prisoners were the RAF terrorist Christian Klar (until December 2008) and the serial killer Heinrich Pommerenke (until the end of 2006). The establishment has around 320 staff.
The Karlsruhe District Office has a branch in Bruchsal, which also includes the Middle Upper Rhine Nutrition Center (opened in 1997), one of four such centers in Baden-Wuerttemberg, which functions as the Lower Agricultural Authority. In addition, with the BPD Bruchsal, one of five riot police departments in Baden-Württemberg has its headquarters in the city. The Bundeswehr is stationed in the General-Dr.-Speidel-Kaserne on the Eichelberg.
education
From 1998 to 2009 there was a private university in Bruchsal, the International University in Germany . Due to a lack of demand, in particular for economic reasons, operations were completed on December 31, 2009 by the operator, Educationtrend GmbH in Hamburg. The Baden-Württemberg State Fire Brigade School , which is subordinate to the Baden-Württemberg Ministry of the Interior, is also located in Bruchsal . She is responsible for the training and further education of the fire brigade members as well as the helpers of the disaster control.
Bruchsal is also the seat of the Bruchsal Music and Art School , from which a large number of well-known musicians and ensembles have emerged.
There is also a wide range of general education schools in Bruchsal, including the Justus-Knecht-Gymnasium , the Schönborn-Gymnasium and the private gymnasium St. Paulusheim founded by the Pallottines as well as the Albert-Schweitzer-Realschule (all in the Bruchsal core city) , the Technische Gymnasium (TG) and the Wirtschaftsgymnasium (WG). Another private grammar school, a branch of the Karlsruhe Heisenberg grammar school, started in the 2006/07 school year. At primary and secondary schools there is the Burgschule (Obergrombach), the Dietrich-Bonhoeffer-Schule, the Johann-Peter-Hebel-Schule (near the castle garden), the Joß-Fritz -schule (Untergrombach), the Konrad-Adenauer-Schule ( Südstadt) and the Stirumschule (city center), as well as elementary schools in the Büchenau and Helmsheim districts.
The Pestalozzi School (special educational focus on learning) and the Karl Berberich School (promotional focus on intellectual development) are sponsored by the district of Karlsruhe at special educational and advisory centers. The district is also responsible for the four vocational schools in Bruchsal, namely the Balthasar-Neumann-Schule I, the Balthasar-Neumann-Schule II (both commercial schools), the Handelslehranstalt (commercial school) and the Käthe-Kollwitz-Schule (home economics school as well as a social science (new from Sep. 2009) nutritional and biotechnological high school).
The Bruchsal evening secondary school and the three private schools nursing school at the Fürst-Stirum-Klinik Bruchsal, which has, however, merged into the Bretten and Bruchsal nursing school , and the St. Maria School for Social Pedagogy complete the range of schools in Bruchsal.
research
The research project for urban and autonomous goods logistics, efeuCampus, was started on the site of the former dragoon barracks in July 2019 . Systems for the autonomous delivery and collection of goods are developed and tested on the test site. The entire project is funded by the European Union and the state of Baden-Württemberg.
Culture and sights
theatre
The Badische Landesbühne is based in Bruchsal . The theater and its ensemble play on the stage in the community center (on the site of the former Psycha (women's prison), today the community park), which is desired as a cultural event center.
In 2007 the Exil Theater eV was founded and initially found a temporary place of work in the auditorium of the commercial college. Since 2011 the theater association has moved into its own permanent domicile at Güterbahnhof 5 in Bahnstadt. The space available is variable (approx. 90 to 189 seats). The repertoire with 4 to 6 pieces a year includes almost all genres for all ages. With Willi die Bühne the Exil Theater eV has found a cooperation partner who complements the cultural offerings in the Bahnstadt in the area of cabaret with 10 events per year.
The theater group Die Koralle has existed since 1965 and performs two to three classical and modern plays every year. The domicile of the coral is the reef in Eggerten 47 (formerly Hochstraße 1c, opposite the cemetery), which is also made available as a cabaret for external events. The summer play is traditionally staged as an "open-air play" at the Belvedere in the city garden.
music
Bruchsal has a lively music scene consisting of amateur and semi-professional bands from the genres of rock, hardcore and jazz, a historical fanfare train, Guggemusik bands, a boys' choir (“Bruchsaler Schlossspatzen”) and various other choirs and music associations.
Since 1955, after the partial reconstruction of the residential palace, the Bruchsal Palace Concerts have been taking place in the late baroque Louis Seize ambience of the chamber music hall, which the Kulturring Bruchsal eV is responsible for and organizing. Renowned musicians and highly talented young artists from the international chamber music scene have been and are invited to this series of concerts, which take place from September to May, in some cases in collaboration with the SWR.
Museums
The Badisches Landesmuseum has a branch in Bruchsal Castle. This houses an art history collection and the German Museum of Music Automatons . The municipal museum, also housed in the baroque palace, documents the history of the Bruchsal area from the Stone Age (Michelsberg culture) to the air raid of March 1, 1945 and its consequences. In the districts of Heidelsheim and Untergrombach ( ridge column stand construction from the 15th century ) there is a local museum each. There is also a kindergarten museum, which shows objects related to the history and development of the kindergarten, such as games, dolls and kindergarten furniture. In the Damianstor near the castle, the “Kunstverein Das Damianstor Bruchsal” shows contemporary art.
Memorials
At the location of the municipal fire brigade at Friedrichstrasse 78 , a memorial plaque has been commemorating the synagogue destroyed by the SA men since 1966 . A memorial that says day and night I cry, never ending. Jer 14.17 to the forest of acorn mountain of Obergrombach the memory of holding Jewish cemetery awake in the time NS has been desecrated. Since 1984 a memorial plaque in the atrium of the Schönborn-Gymnasium commemorates the former student Ludwig Marum , who was murdered in 1934 in the Kislau concentration camp . Another memorial plaque reminding of Marum was unveiled in 2014 on the tax office building, the former seat of the Schörnborn-Gymnasium. A commemorative plaque in St. Paulusheim in Huttenstrasse informs about the Roman Catholic Pallottine priest Franz Reinisch , who was executed in Görden in 1942 for refusing to oath Hitler and refusing military service .
Buildings
The Bruchsal Palace in baroque style, the former residence of the prince-bishops of Speyer, was built from 1720 according to plans by the electoral chief building director Anselm Franz Freiherr von Ritter zu Groenesteyn . In essence, it is a three-wing system that goes back to plans by Maximilian von Welsch , the chief building director of the Electorate of Mainz . After several changes to the plan, the central staircase was built by Balthasar Neumann , who had been in charge of construction since 1731. It is generally considered to be one of the most successful solutions for a baroque staircase. The palace complex comprises numerous parts of the building, including the Damian's Gate and the Bruchsal Court Church . In the last days of World War II, the castle was badly hit in the course of the air raids on the city. During the heaviest attack on March 1, 1945, Bruchsal was almost completely destroyed by the firestorm triggered by the bombardment. The castle also burned out; In contrast to the dome, the substance of the stairwell largely survived the destruction. The central building ( Corps de Logis ) was reconstructed as a museum after lengthy discussions about the whether and how of the reconstruction until the 1970s, while the church wing was given a modern design.
The Belvedere was originally a pleasure palace , which was supplemented in 1758 by a shooting house for the rifle festivals organized by the court. In the course of time, the population gave it the name Belvedere , as there is a beautiful view of the city from here. The Belvedere is located in the city garden.
The most important church in the city is the parish church of St. Peter, built between 1742 and 1744 by Johann Georg Stahl according to plans by Balthasar Neumann , with the burial place of the last prince-bishops of Speyer. It is a baroque central building with a double tower facade and dominates a hill on the southern outskirts. There is also the Catholic city church of Our Lady and the Martin Luther Church (the city's main Protestant church). The town hall on the market square is a modern building from the 1950s that is now a listed building. Like the slaughterhouse , which, however, an Art Nouveau - brick - industrial architecture embodied that in Germany as an ensemble rarely to be found.
From the high medieval castle Bruchsal themselves who keep with Eckbuckelquadern received. Since 1987 he has been involved in the modern community center.
The Brunnenstraße 8 in Obergrombach is an example of typical regional standing listed building.
Parks
In the city center there are three larger parks that serve Bruchsal residents as a recreational area.
City garden
The city garden is located on the Bruchsaler Steinsberg. The 3 hectare area came into municipal ownership in 1877. In 1901 rare trees and shrubs were planted on the site and the city garden was opened to the public. In the park is the prince-bishop's shooting house, called Belvedere , which was built in Chinese style in 1756. The reserve building , which Prince Bishop von Hutten had originally built in 1750 as a water reservoir for the castle below, dates from the same era . The Schönborn-Gymnasium is now located in the former converted water reservoir . In 1912 the Ferdinand Keller fountain was built in the city garden .
Bürgerpark
The Bürgerpark in the center of Bruchsal is a 1.5 hectare green area and was laid out in the late 1980s when the city center was built. It is located on the area of the old castle and the old penal institutions and was owned by the state of Baden-Württemberg. The area was almost completely destroyed during the bombing of Bruchsal on March 1, 1945.
Castle garden
The palace garden is the largest park in the city and is administered by the State Palaces and Gardens of Baden-Württemberg . The upper palace garden was laid out at the same time as the palace from 1721, whereas the middle and lower palace gardens were never fully expanded. Today it is separated from the upper palace garden by the railway line to Heidelberg and consists of only one avenue.
nature
Bruchsal is located on the edge of the Kraichgau hill country and is embedded in small-scale arable landscapes, orchards, vineyards, forests, loess cave paths and floodplains.
Nature reserves
There are two comparatively old nature reserves : the Kaiserberg next to the Michaelsberg and the Ungeheuerklamm . The latter cuts up to 15 meters into the shell limestone of the region. The term “monstrous” is derived from “large” or “deep”: The Ungeheuerklamm is a gorge up to 100 meters deep that rivers dug down from the Kraichgau into the Rhine.
Ravines
There are numerous ravines in the Bruchsal district , which were created by erosion in the loess layers, some meters thick, of unpaved road connections. Runoff rainwater carried the earth loosened by horse hooves, wagon wheels and steps with it and so the caves became deeper and deeper over the centuries. The resulting microclimate with shady and sunny, dry and humid as well as windy and windless places offers ecologically valuable habitats for a specific fauna and flora.
Natural monument "Kreuzhohle"
The Kreuzhohle is part of the old local connection "Alter Unteröwisheimer Weg" and has been designated as an extensive natural monument since May 2, 1986. In addition to the dense hedgerows in the actual cave area, one can also find species-rich dry grass in the cross cave.
Other ravines in Bruchsal: Alte Hohle, Auhohle, Geckelterhohle, Gemmericherhohle, Obergrombacher Hohle, Pfaffenlochhohle, Tiefentalhohle, Vogelhohle.
Place of pilgrimage
The Michaelskapelle on the Michaelsberg near Untergrombach is a place of pilgrimage .
Tourist routes
Bruchsal is located on four major tourist roads that lead past numerous sights:
- Baden Asparagus Road , which leads from Schwetzingen via Bruchsal to Lichtenau- Scherzheim .
- Bertha Benz Memorial Route , from Mannheim to Pforzheim and back to Mannheim. Bertha Benz and her two sons drove through Bruchsal and Untergrombach on the outward journey in 1888 on the first long-distance automobile journey in history, and Helmsheim, Heidelsheim and Bruchsal again on the return journey.
- Street of Democracy , from Frankfurt am Main via Bruchsal and Freiburg im Breisgau to Lörrach .
- Kraichgau-Stromberg wine route, which connects the Baden region with the Württemberg wine-growing region for 355 kilometers .
Events
In 2015, Bruchsal hosted the Baden-Württemberg Home Days. The German Gymnastics Day took place in Bruchsal on November 4th, 2017.
Personalities
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
- ↑ The "Ostarrichi-Urkunde" issued in Bruchsal, digitized version of the image in the photo archive of older original documents of the Philipps University of Marburg
- ↑ moscheesuche.de
- ↑ moscheesuche.de
- ↑ a b Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 473 .
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 482 .
- ^ City of Bruchsal: Main Statute, §3 ; accessed July 11, 2019.
- ↑ Baden-Württemberg State Statistical Office: Municipal elections 2019, City of Bruchsal ; City of Bruchsal: municipal council elections 2019 and municipal council elections 2014 ; accessed July 11, 2019.
- ↑ Steffen Eggebrecht u. a .: Private university in Bruchsal is bankrupt. In: Spiegel Online. July 22, 2009.
- ↑ When the robot parcel delivery service rings , Deutschlandfunk , November 20, 2019
- ↑ Official Journal Bruchsal, KW 46/2014, p. 7. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on April 25, 2016 ; Retrieved May 17, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Ulrike Puvogel, Martin Stankowski: Baden-Württemberg, Bavaria, Bremen, Hamburg, Hesse, Lower Saxony, North Rhine-Westphalia, Rhineland-Palatinate, Saarland, Schleswig-Holstein. (= Memorials for the victims of National Socialism. Volume 1). Federal Agency for Political Education, Bonn 1995, ISBN 3-89331-208-0 , p. 28.
- ↑ Hubert Krins u. a .: bridge, mill and factory. Technical cultural monuments in Baden-Württemberg. (= Industrial archeology in Baden-Württemberg. Volume 2). Theiss, Stuttgart 1991, ISBN 3-8062-0841-7 , p. 33 on the slaughterhouse, plate 12. A monument to brick industrial architecture.
- ↑ City of Bruchsal - natural monuments. Accessed May 31, 2019 .
- ↑ Website of the Heimattage Bruchsal ( Memento of the original from May 18, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ [1]
literature
chronologically
- PDF Monument Preservation in Baden-Württemberg. 39th year 2010, issue 4. (with five articles on history and archeology in Bruchsal)
- Thomas Moos: The Bruchsal street names and their meaning. Regional culture, Ubstadt-Weiher 2008, ISBN 978-3-89735-526-2 .
- Thomas Moos: Bruchsal. Trade and commerce in old views. Sutton, Erfurt 2007, ISBN 978-3-86680-133-2 .
- Jürgen Stude: History of the Jews in Bruchsal. (= Publications on the history of the city of Bruchsal. Volume 23). Regional culture, Ubstadt-Weiher 2007, ISBN 978-3-89735-441-8 .
- Thomas Adam: A short history of the city of Bruchsal. (= Regional history - well-founded and compact ). Braun, Karlsruhe 2006, ISBN 3-7650-8339-9 .
- Kurt Lupp: Bruchsal Castle. Construction, destruction and rebuilding. (= Publications of the Historical Commission of the City of Bruchsal. Volume 21). Regional culture, Ubstadt-Weiher 2003, ISBN 3-89735-263-X .
- Thomas Moos: Bruchsal. A tour through past and present. Regional culture, Ubstadt-Weiher 2002, ISBN 3-89735-202-8 .
- Robert Megerle: Heimatlexikon Bruchsal. (= Publications of the historical commission of the city of Bruchsal ). Regional culture, Ubstadt-Weiher 1999, ISBN 3-929366-40-1 .
- Anton Heuchemer: Time of Tribulation. The Catholic parishes of Bruchsal in the Third Reich. (= Publications of the Historical Commission of the City of Bruchsal. Volume 6). Historical commission of the city of Bruchsal, Bruchsal 1990.
- Jürgen Stude: The history of the Jews in the Karlsruhe district. Regional culture, Ubstadt-Weiher 1990, ISBN 3-929366-67-3 .
- Joachim Hahn : History of the Jews in Kraichgau. In: Kraichgau. Contributions to landscape and local research. Episode 9, 1985, p. 157.
- Erich Keyser (Ed.): Badisches Städtebuch. (= German city book. Handbook of urban history ). Volume 4.2, Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1959.
- Hans Rott : Bruchsal. Winter, Heidelberg 1914.
- Maria M. Schlitz: Ortsfamilienbuch Bruchsal , Weißenthurm: Cardamina Verlag 2015, ISBN 978-3-86424-268-7 ; 10 volumes (= Badische Ortssippenbücher 173), (as well as another illustrated book with data CD, ISBN 978-3-86424-265-6 ), processed period 1700–2015
- Bruno Janzer: Kinship book of the city of Obergrombach, district of the large district town of Bruchsal, district of Karlsruhe. Lahr-Dinglingen 1985 (= Badische Ortssippenbücher 50); Processed period 1656–1980
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