Heidelsheim
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Heidelsheim
City of Bruchsal
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| Area : | 18.08 km² |
| Residents : | 4988 (December 31, 2018) |
| Population density : | 276 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | 1st October 1974 |
| Postal code : | 76646 |
| Area code : | 07251 |
 Heidelsheim is the easternmost district of Bruchsal
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 City gate of Heidelsheim, out of town, looking east
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Heidelsheim is a district of Bruchsal in the Karlsruhe district in Baden-Württemberg , through which the Saalbach flows. Until September 1974 it was a separate parish .
In the high and late Middle Ages , Heidelsheim was initially an independent and later pledged imperial city in the Holy Roman Empire , which is reflected in the local coat of arms.
history
The oldest traces of settlement in the immediate vicinity date back to between 2000 BC. BC and 400 BC Before Roman times, the area was inhabited by Celts. A Roman road ran here from Ubstadt via Augsburg to Verona . Also known is a Roman manor from the second century AD.
The origin of the city, which according to a legend is said to have been founded by the Alemanni Duke Heydolf around 259, is not proven . It is certain that after 400 AD there was an Alemannic or Franconian settlement with a grave in the area of today's cemetery.
Heidelsheim was first mentioned in a document in 770 in the Lorsch Codex under the name “Heidolfesheim” . Presumably, the place was raised to an imperial city as early as 1160 under the Hohenstaufen emperor Friedrich Barbarossa .
As a result, the city was repeatedly pledged, including several times to the Margraviate of Baden and the Electoral Palatinate , which led to some armed conflicts over property rights. In 1463, Heidelsheim finally fell to the Electoral Palatinate. The Reformation reached Heidelsheim around 1530. The town church was used jointly by Catholics, Reformed and Lutherans in the centuries that followed. During the Thirty Years' War , Heidelsheim was conquered several times by imperial troops, French and Swedes, which also affected the population. Of the approx. 1200 inhabitants, around 310 were still alive at the end of the war.
On August 12, 1689, the city was almost completely destroyed by French troops, the population fell to around 50.
In 1803, Heidelsheim fell to Baden after the Electoral Palatinate was dissolved. Fifty years later, the city received a railway connection through the Württembergische Westbahn (Bietigheim – Bruchsal).
In 1935 Heidelsheim's city rights were withdrawn. In 1952, the state government of Württemberg-Baden gave Heidelsheim the title of town again. In the course of the district and community reform, Heidelsheim became a district of Bruchsal on October 1, 1974, despite stubborn resistance from the population against the incorporation.
Attractions
- Remains of the fortifications (cat tower, renewed in 1721 after destruction)
- Baroque city gate (1774)
- Marketplace with town houses and market fountain (1699)
- Town hall (built as a hospital in 1744)
- Evangelical town church with Gothic choir (1540, Martinskapelle)
Web links
- Heidelsheim on the leo-bw.de website
Individual evidence
- ↑ [1]
- ↑ Heidelsheimer Heimatbuch ( Memento of the original from June 16, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Minst, Karl Josef [transl.]: Lorscher Codex (Volume 4), Certificate 2529, January 26, 770 - Reg. 472. In: Heidelberg historical stocks - digital. Heidelberg University Library, p. 162 , accessed on January 30, 2018 .
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 482 .
- ↑ Timetable on the site's website ( memento of the original from April 3, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
