Industrial monument

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An industrial monument is understood to be an industrial facility that is classified as a monument in terms of monument conservation, i.e. as a testimony to past cultural history , and can be protected as a historical monument . As a technical monument, it is intended to keep the memory of the history of industry alive , especially in the 19th and 20th centuries ( industrialization ).

Industrial and technical monument Halsbrücker Esse

On the concept of the industrial monument

In the course of the structural change in the heavy industry and the coal and steel industry after the Second World War, industrial history as a cultural achievement worth protecting - beyond the purely aesthetic value of engineering - moved into the focus of monument preservation. In 1968 the Ironbridge Gorge Museum Trust industrial park ( Coalbrookdale and Ironbridge in Shropshire) in the English Severn Valley was placed under protection, a milestone in industrial archeology . In 1984 the term industrial heritage was recognized by the Council of Europe .

Many regions of Europe have a large number of industrial monuments with an industrial architecture typical of the time, for example the Ruhr area and the Saarland with witnesses of the mining industry, the Chemnitz - Zwickau area, which is very much characterized by mechanical engineering and vehicle construction , Catalonia , northern England , eastern France and northern Italy with textile and engineering industry. Many industrial monuments were also preserved in Germany in the course of the Emscher Park International Building Exhibition (1989–1999). In the recent past, both the concept of the industrial landscape as an industrial ensemble and evidence of the early industrial trade of the 17th and 18th centuries have moved up into the group of listed industrial objects.

Protected industrial plants are often already out of operation. Industrial monuments are therefore often used as museums or for exhibition and event purposes (see also conversion of old halls ). As far as they are privately owned, they are hardly accessible to the public.

Examples of industrial monuments

Wages hall of the Zeche Zollern II / IV in Dortmund
Chemnitz Industrial Museum , former foundry hall
Zschornewitz power plant , preserved fragment
former administration building of Auto Union in Chemnitz

See also: Route of Industrial Culture , Route of Industrial Culture Rhine-Main , List of listed industrial buildings in Radebeul , LWL Open-Air Museum Hagen , LWL Industrial Museum , LVR Industrial Museum

Mining and coal industry

Mechanical engineering and vehicle construction

Building materials industry

Textile industry

Defense industry

power supply

Inland shipping

brewery

Radio technology

Food economy

photos

See also

literature

  • Initiative Völklinger Hütte (publisher): Die Völklinger Hütte , Sutton Verlag, Erfurt 2008.
  • James Douet: Industrial Heritage Re-tooled - The TICCIH guide to Industrial Heritage Conservation . Carnegie, Lancaster 2012. ISBN 978-1-85936-218-1 .
  • Hubert Krins, Michael Goer, Leo Schmidt : bridge, mill and factory. Technical cultural monuments in Baden-Württemberg . Theiss publishing house. 1991. ISBN 3-8062-0841-7 .
  • Claus Militz, Werner Rudolph: Traces in the work. Braus, Heidelberg, 1984. ISBN 3-921524-57-1 .
  • Heike Oevermann: About dealing with the industrial heritage. A discourse-analytical study of urban transformation processes using the example of the Zollverein colliery. Klartext-Verlag, Essen 2012, ISBN 978-3-8375-0834-5 .
  • Heike Oevermann, Harald A. Mieg (Eds.): Industrial Heritage Sites in Transformation: Clash of Discourses . Routledge, London, New York 2014, ISBN 978-0415745284 .
  • Angela Schwarz (Ed.): From an industrial company to a landscape park . Klartext-Verlag, 2001, ISBN 3-88474-967-6 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Klaus Kohout: Technical monuments. A difficult chapter in the preservation of monuments in technological, economic and social history. In: Bulletin of the Association for Monument Preservation Upper Austria, 47th year 1993, No. 4 (from November 1993).