Radom raising

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The radome with a new cover, 2011

The Radom Raisting is a listed satellite - ground station in Raisting am Ammersee . The building was built in 1963/64 according to plans by Hans Maurer on behalf of the Deutsche Bundespost . Inside of a 49 meter diameter strive loose air dome , as the radome ( radome is used), the complex comprises a parabolic antenna 25 m in diameter. It served as part of the Raisting earth station until 1985 for intercontinental radio communications (telephone and television) via communications satellites .

Construction and telecommunications use

The Raisting location was chosen because its location in southern Germany ensures relatively high elevation angles for geostationary satellites . Furthermore, the hills around the location keep any interference signals away from the system.

The air envelope , which was supplied by the US company Birdair, was inflated on October 10, 1963. The antenna was then installed inside the shell. The first experimental television broadcast was conducted on October 9, 1964; the first regular broadcast on January 20, 1965 on the occasion of the swearing-in of the re-elected US President Johnson . Public telephony via the Intelsat I satellite began on June 28, 1965. The earth-bound feed line or derivation of the signals took place via a radio link to the Zugspitze . Among other things, the first moon landing and the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich were broadcast via the antenna .

End of telecommunications operations

Due to the emerging technical alternatives (small antennas at higher frequencies, fiber-optic submarine cables ), the system was finally considered obsolete and was shut down in 1985. In addition, the radome envelope, which is wet when it rains, prevented the polarization directions from being separated , as is the case with newer satellites. However, the visitor room of the radome building was initially open to visitors. Employees of the earth station campaigned for the long-term preservation of the facility as a monument and ensured the preservation of the technical equipment and documentation. This later resulted in the Förderverein Industriedenkmal Radom Raisting eV .

In 2007 the non-profit Radom Raisting GmbH, which is 100 percent owned by the Weilheim-Schongau district, became the new owner of the Radom.

The radome as a monument

The radome as part of the Raisting earth station
Raisting earth station with church - panorama

The Radom Raisting was included in the Bavarian Monument List in 1999 . It is a technical monument . It has also been a monument of national importance since 2009.

A group of students from the Technical University of Munich has been working on putting the antenna back into operation since 2009 . It was originally supposed to be used again in the ESMO moon mission of the European Space Agency ESA in 2014. However, the ESMO project was terminated by the ESA. On April 12, 2011, the system went back into operation with a new, still prototype control for the antenna axes and a modified antenna feed as part of a measurement campaign by the German Aerospace Center . The navigation signals of the navigation satellite Glonass-K1, launched a few weeks earlier, were measured.

On September 29 and 30, 2010, the renovation of the radome building began with the replacement of the air envelope. This became necessary because the old shell no longer guaranteed adequate stability due to its age. The heating systems, the support air blowers for the air envelope and the flat roofs were also refurbished. After the renovation is complete, the antenna in the radome will be used for scientific projects; the radome itself is to be made accessible to the public. In addition, an exhibition on the radome is to be created in the building.

The renovated radome was opened on July 6, 2012. The idea was formulated by the authorities, the Radom Raisting as a World Heritage Site of UNESCO propose. The visit to the Radom, which was scheduled to start in August 2012, was initially canceled by the Förderverein Industriedenkmal Radom Raisting eV due to disagreements with Radom Raisting GmbH. In the further course, however, it was agreed that a trial visit to the Radom Raisting would take place in spring 2013.

On February 28, 2020, a storm tore off the hull of the radome; it then lay down on the base of the building. Water penetrated the operating rooms and destroyed the electrical system.

Visiting and sightseeing opportunities

The Radom Raisting can be visited. Like almost the entire earth station, the system is freely accessible. Information boards on the history and technology are set up outside.

In addition, the Radom Raisting can also be viewed from the inside during the summer months. Guided tours are also offered. Group tours can either be arranged with the operator, the non-profit Radom Raisting GmbH, or you can visit Radom Raisting on Sundays between Pentecost and mid-September. During this time, the Radom Raisting is open to visitors between 2 p.m. and 5 p.m.

Technical specifications

Mirror diameter: 25 m
Rotation range azimuth : ± 380 °
Rotation range elevation : −1 ° to + 125 °
Gain at 4170 MHz: 58 dBi
Gain at 6390 MHz: 61.5 dBi

literature

  • Georg Leis: Radom industrial monument in Raisting. In: Lech-Isar-Land 2008, p. 133 ff
  • Georg Leis: News about the Radom industrial monument in Raisting. In: Lech-Isar-Land 2009/10, p. 311 f
  • Ewald Klingner: Space technology in a dreamy landscape. In: Lech-Isar-Land 1979, p. 153 ff

swell

  1. ↑ Entry in the list of monuments. Retrieved October 24, 2011 .
  2. ↑ a b Robert Uhlitzsch: Anatomy of an earth radio station. Suhrkamp Wissen, Frankfurt am Main 1969.
  3. ↑ a b Michael Hascher: Raisting earth station. In: Historical Lexicon of Bavaria. Bavarian State Library, accessed on October 24, 2011 .
  4. ^ Petra Straub: Association as the cornerstone for the Raistinger Radom Museum. Retrieved October 24, 2011 .
  5. ^ The non-profit Radom Raisting GmbH. Retrieved October 24, 2011 .
  6. ↑ Radom owner is happy about the key. In: Ammersee-Kurier. Issued January 18, 2008.
  7. ^ The radome in Raisting as a technical monument. Retrieved October 24, 2011 .
  8. ↑ With help from Raisting to the moon. In: Weilheimer Tagblatt. Issued December 16, 2009.
  9. ↑ ESA concludes student ESMO Moon orbiter project. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on June 3, 2012 ; Retrieved June 3, 2012 .
  10. ^ German Space Agency Records Spectrum of New GLONASS L3 Signal. In: GPS World. Volume 22, Number 5, May 2011.
  11. ↑ Radom dropped the shell. In: Münchner Merkur. Edition of September 30, 2010.
  12. ↑ The air dome is running out of breath. In: Münchner Merkur. Edition September 7, 2009.
  13. ^ Radom Raisting GmbH: Interim report on the renovation of Radom Raisting. (PDF; 116 kB) Retrieved October 24, 2011 .
  14. ↑ Radom Raisting GmbH: Use concept for the Radom Raisting. Retrieved October 24, 2011 .
  15. ↑ a b The Radome, a "cathedral of modernity". (No longer available online.) In: Münchner Merkur (online edition). July 6, 2012, archived from the original on July 10, 2012 ; Retrieved July 10, 2012 .
  16. ^ Radom association for trial operation. In: Ammersee-Kurier. Friday Packet for March 16, 2012.
  17. ↑ Open on Saturdays and Sundays. In: Münchner Merkur (online edition). April 19, 2012. Retrieved April 21, 2012 .
  18. ↑ Viewing options. Förderverein Industriedenkmal Radom Raisting eV, September 4, 2012, accessed on September 7, 2012 .
  19. ↑ Sabine Bader: The radome remains closed. (No longer available online.) Süddeutsche Zeitung (online edition), September 2, 2012, archived from the original on September 2, 2012 ; Retrieved September 2, 2012 .
  20. ↑ Viewing options. Förderverein Industriedenkmal Radom Raisting eV, accessed on December 19, 2012 .
  21. ↑ Hurricane gusts: train cancellations, blown trees and Dixi toilets flying around . Augsburger Allgemeine, February 28, 2020.
  22. ↑ Radome shell destroyed in Raisting . District messenger Weilheim-Schongau, February 28, 2020.
  23. ↑ Nachrichten: Sturmschaden am Radom in Raisting , In: Monumente , Edition 2/2020, p. 35
  24. ↑ Information on the visit on the website of the sponsoring association
  25. ↑ The Raistinger Radom - Gateway to Space. In: Proceedings Amateurffunkagung Munich. German Amateur Radio Club, 2010.

Web links

Commons : Erdfunkstelle Raisting  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 47 ° 54 ′ 7.9 ″  N , 11 ° 6 ′ 56.9 ″  E