Neck Bridge Esse
The Halsbrücker Esse , also known under the name Hohe Esse , Halsbrück (e) ner Esse or Halsbrück (e) n) er Hohe Esse ( Esse East Central German : chimney ), is a 140 meter high, free-standing (industrial) chimney with associated smoke duct, which was built in 1888/89 to discharge and dilute the toxic smoke gases from the Halsbrück smelting works. The chimney was then the highest in the world. It is still considered to be the tallest brick chimney in Europe (the Anaconda Smelter Stack in Montana, USA is taller) and is a monument of industrial history and technology . The High Esse is the symbol of neck bridge and, favored by the fact that her foot is at about 380 m above sea level, a highly visible landmark .
History and construction data
The Halsbrücker Esse is located about 0.6 km north of Halsbrücke near Freiberg on the right slope of the Freiberger Mulde and the corridor of the former district of Sand. It was built from September 22, 1888 to October 28, 1889 by the Chemnitz factory chimney construction company HR Heinicke. The construction was preceded by years of massive complaints and complaints from residents and farmers in the surrounding villages, who noted the harmful effects of the hut smoke on the livestock, the harvest results and human health.
The base of the structure is 144 square meters, the lower diameter is 8.25 and the upper diameter is three meters. The chimney consists of 4140 tons of refractory , clay- fired bricks that came from the Ilse mine near Senftenberg . The mortar consists of 170 tons of Bohemian lime , 1030 tons of Elbe sand and 60 tons of cement , so that the total mass is estimated at around 5400 tons. Climbing the chimney is done using crampons attached to the inside and outside . For stabilization, iron rings were attached with a lower vertical distance of 5.5 meters, which decreases to two meters upwards. It is connected to the smelters in the valley floor by a 500-meter-long flue gas duct.
At the end of April 1890 the industrial structure was put into operation.
The construction of this chimney, which was already initiated with knowledge of environmental damage from smoke gases, meant that although the smoke damage was limited in the immediate vicinity on the leeward side of the main wind direction (east to south-east), the problem was about 15 to 20 kilometers further in the Tharandt forest was "relocated". There they discovered damage caused by the smelter smoke and began to scientifically investigate it.
literature
- Arne Andersen: Historical technology assessment using the example of the metalworking and chemical industries 1850-1933. Journal for company history: Beiheft 90, Verlag Franz Steiner, Stuttgart 1996, ISBN 3-515-06869-4 .
- Otto Hüppner: About the construction of the high Esse on the Königliche Halsbrückner Hütte near Freiberg, along with some subsequent general considerations , in: Yearbook for mining and metallurgy in the Kingdom of Saxony for the year 1890, Freiberg 1890, Part A, p. 1– 31 ( digitized version )
- Eberhard Philipp: Ninety-year-old jubilee - at the end of April 1890, the entire facility at the Halsbrücker Hohen Esse was put into operation. In: Erzgebirgische Heimatblätter 3/1980, p. 73, ISSN 0232-6078 .
- Freiberger Land (= values of our homeland . Volume 47). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1988.
- Franz-Josef Brüggemeier : The disputes about the Freiberg Hüttenrauch 1846-1908 . In: The Infinite Sea of the Skies: Air Pollution, Industrialization and Risk Awareness in the 19th Century . 1st edition. Klartext Verlag, Essen 1996, ISBN 3-88474-509-3 , p. 152-198 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Arne Andersen: Historical technology assessment using the example of metalworking and the chemical industry 1850-1933. Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 1996, p. 51ff.
Coordinates: 50 ° 57 ′ 39.6 ″ N , 13 ° 21 ′ 14.8 ″ E