Augsburg textile district

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Map of the Augsburg textile district

The textile district is a district of Augsburg . It covers an area of ​​around 180 hectares in the districts of Am Schäfflerbach and Wolfram- and Herrenbachviertel . It is bordered to the west by Lechhauser Strasse and Stadtgraben, to the south by Friedberger Strasse and to the north and east by the Lech .

Development of the textile district

Emergence

Excerpt from a city map of Augsburg from 1846, which shows the beginning of the settlement of large industrial companies in the east at the gates of the city.
Dyer Tower (1760)

Even in pre-industrial times, Augsburg was a center of the European textile industry . The weavers' house and the dye tower are evidence of this era . Johann Heinrich von Schüle founded his first factory for calico processing in 1759 and built the Schüle'sche calico factory at the Roten Tor in 1770/72 . The prerequisite for the textile industry in the east of Augsburg that flourished in the 19th century were flood protection measures at the Lech and the Lech canals running there , which provided hydropower, industrial water and sewage.

At the end of the 19th century, there were 21 large textile factories in Augsburg with around 10,000 employees. However, the space within the medieval city ​​walls had long since become too small. From the middle of the 19th century , representative factory buildings (such as the factory castle or the glass palace ), business mansions, but also workers' settlements were built on the undeveloped meadow area in the east of the old town - today's textile district .

Workers' settlements

The Augsburger Kammgarn-Spinnerei (AKS) founded in 1836 began building workers' apartments as early as 1854 (from 1875/76 Kammgarnquartier ). These were supplemented by a factory bathroom (1872), reading room (1875) and dining house (1878). In 1930 a children's institution and an infant home were added.

In 1867 the first company apartments were built for the mechanical cotton spinning and weaving mill in Augsburg (SWA) , which was founded in 1837/40 . The Proviantbachquartier , built in 1892, already consisted of 21 houses with 300 apartments, including a grocery store and butcher, in 1910. The SWA was also committed to its employees in the social field and built a retirement home (1905), a children's home (1926), as well as a gymnastics and playground in the neighborhood.

Decline

Shedhallen (demolished at the end of 2009) of the Augsburg worsted spinning mill

The upswing of the post-war economy also affected the Augsburg textile industry , so that 17,500 people were again employed in the textile sector. From 1957 onwards, globalization and the associated international competition led to an ongoing crisis in the domestic textile industry. The collapse of the Glöggler Group in 1976 caused a sensation and also affected the associated textile production facilities in Augsburg (SWA - 1986, NAK - 1996, AKS - 2002). In 2000 only 1,463 Augsburgers were still active in the textile industry.

The city largely left the fate of the unique building structure in the textile district to the bankruptcy administrators and speculators. The consequence of a gradual process of change that was neglected by the public for a long time was the loss of many important architectural monuments in the urban and German industrial history.

The textile district today

North front of the Glass Palace

Despite a noticeable change in public perception, the textile district is still threatened by structural problems and modernization efforts. Only a few of the abandoned industrial plants are being re-used, many buildings are dilapidated, several complexes (such as the Neue Augsburger Kattunfabrik , the SWA shed halls and large parts of the AKS ) have already been demolished.

It is mainly thanks to the strong commitment of a citizens' initiative that the long-lasting decline has been stopped and the textile district has come back into the public eye. As a result, the quarter was included in the urban development program Urban Redevelopment West and an integrated urban development concept was drawn up. In the meantime, numerous construction works have been carried out in the quarter. New uses were also accommodated in old buildings, such as the state textile and industrial museum tim and the city archive. New buildings for residential, retail and commercial use were built on areas of abandoned buildings.

Historical company in Augsburg's textile district

literature

  • Wilhelm Ruckdeschel : Industrial culture in Augsburg. Settele, Augsburg 2004, ISBN 3-932939-44-1 .
  • Günther Grünsteudel , Günter Hägele, Rudolf Frankenberger (eds.): Augsburger Stadtlexikon. 2nd Edition. Perlach, Augsburg 1998, ISBN 3-922769-28-4 .
  • Ilse Fischer : Industrialization, social conflict and political decision-making in the urban community. A contribution to the social history of Augsburg 1840–1914. Mühlberger, Augsburg 1977, ISBN 3-921133-20-3 .
  • Worsted yarn spinning mill (Ed.): 100 years of Augsburg worsted yarn spinning mill 1836–1936.
  • Richard Loibl (Ed.): The Bavarian Textile and Industry Museum in Augsburg. Wißner, Augsburg 2005, ISBN 3-89639-508-4 .
  • Richard Loibl, Karl Borromäus Murr (ed.): State Textile and Industrial Museum Augsburg. Museum guide. Wißner, 2010, ISBN 978-3-896-39744-7 .

Web links

Commons : Augsburg-Textilviertel  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ruckdeschel: Industrial culture in Augsburg . P. 80.
  2. ^ The Bavarian Textile and Industry Museum (tim) in Augsburg . P. 29
  3. ↑ 100 years of the Augsburg worsted spinning mill, p. 104
  4. ↑ Fischer: Industrialization, social conflict and political decision-making in the urban community . P. 213
  5. ↑ Augsburger Stadtlexikon
  6. ↑ tim - museum guide. P.12
  7. ^ City of Augsburg: Urban redevelopment "Textilviertel / Herrenbach". Retrieved July 10, 2018 .

Coordinates: 48 ° 22 '  N , 10 ° 55'  E