Loerrach

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Loerrach
Loerrach
Map of Germany, location of the city of Loerrach highlighted

Coordinates: 47 ° 37 '  N , 7 ° 40'  E

Basic data
State : Baden-Württemberg
Administrative region : Freiburg
County : Loerrach
Height : 294 m above sea level NHN
Area : 39.42 km 2
Residents: 49,347 (Dec. 31, 2018)
Population density : 1252 inhabitants per km 2
Postcodes : 79539-79541
Area code : 07621
License plate :
Community key : 08 3 36 050
City structure: Core city as well as 3 city and 3 districts

City administration address :
Luisenstrasse 16
79539 Loerrach
Website : www.loerrach.de
Lord Mayor : Jörg Lutz (independent)
Location of the district town of Lörrach
in the district of the same name
Frankreich Schweiz Landkreis Waldshut Landkreis Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald Freiburg im Breisgau Aitern Bad Bellingen Binzen Böllen Efringen-Kirchen Efringen-Kirchen Eimeldingen Fischingen (Baden) Fröhnd Grenzach-Wyhlen Zell im Wiesental Häg-Ehrsberg Hasel (Baden) Hausen im Wiesental Inzlingen Kandern Kleines Wiesental Lörrach Malsburg-Marzell Maulburg Rheinfelden (Baden) Rümmingen Rümmingen Schallbach Schliengen Schönau im Schwarzwald Schönau im Schwarzwald Schönau im Schwarzwald Schönau im Schwarzwald Schönau im Schwarzwald Schönau im Schwarzwald Schönenberg (Schwarzwald) Schopfheim Schwörstadt Steinen (Baden) Todtnau Tunau Utzenfeld Weil am Rhein Wembach Wembach Wembach Wieden (Schwarzwald) Wittlingen Wittlingen Zell im Wiesental Zell im Wiesental Zell im Wiesentalmap
About this picture
Lörrach's landmark: Rötteln Castle

Lörrach is a district town in the southwest of Baden-Württemberg . It is the largest city ​​in the district of the same name and has been a major district town since April 1, 1956 . The Black Forest , the Rhine Valley and the cities of Weil am Rhein and Basel are in the immediate vicinity . The most important sight and landmark of the city is Rötteln Castle , which is located on a hill .

Lörrach is less than five kilometers from the border triangle Germany, France and Switzerland, and the municipal area borders directly on Switzerland. The city is part of the trinational Eurodistrict Basel with around 830,000 inhabitants. The extended tri-national metropolitan area is also called RegioTriRhena because it has formed around the knee of the Rhine . This living and economic area includes the area in the extreme southwest of Baden-Württemberg, northwestern Switzerland and Upper Alsace . It has a population of around 2.3 million and over a million employees.

geography

location

Lörrach is located in the extreme southwest of Germany on the foothills of the southern Black Forest in the Wiesental and on the Swiss border with Riehen , which belongs to the canton of Basel-Stadt . Along the meadow , a right tributary of the Rhine, runs the so-called “ Green Border ” to Switzerland, a hiking trail for pedestrians and cyclists. At the southern end of the municipal area, the Iron Hand , a mountain ridge, forms the border with Switzerland .

Aerial view of Lörrach from the north-west
Binzen Rümmingen Stones (bathing)
Because on the Rhine Neighboring communities Dinkelberg
Basel (CH) Riehen (CH) Inzlingen
Topographic map of Loerrach

Lörrach is sometimes referred to as the “capital” of the Markgräflerland and belongs to the trinational Eurodistrict Basel and Regio TriRhena . The state capital Stuttgart is 260 kilometers away from Lörrach, the major Swiss cities Bern 102 kilometers and Zurich 90 kilometers, a good hour's drive. The next major French city (49 kilometers) is Mulhouse , the next major German city is Freiburg im Breisgau (74 kilometers).

The city of Lörrach is framed by many wooded elevations (Skull Mountain, Homburg Forest , Röttler Forest and Tüllinger Berg ) along the Wiesental, of which the Tüllinger Berg at 460 meters above sea level. NN is one of the highest. From there you have the best view of the surrounding towns of Weil am Rhein and Basel as well as the knee of the Rhine . A 657 hectare landscape protection area has been set up on the Tüllinger Berg . On the southwest slope of the mountain the regionally significant is Gutedelrebe grown and Markgräfler wine verkeltert. A total of nine areas have been set up in the city for the long-term protection of nature and the landscape.

The final stage of variant A of the Westweg leads through Lörrach, more precisely, past Rötteln Castle and over the Tüllinger . Since 2010, part of the Hebel hiking trail has also been running through the city. There is a total of 89 kilometers of hiking trails in the Lörrach district , which is maintained by the Black Forest Association .

View from Rötteln Castle to Lörrach, at the foot of the castle the district of Haagen, Brombach in the background, Hauingen on the left, on the right of the motorway bridge, the core town begins behind the Grüttpark

Lörrach is located in a so-called customs border district with a main customs office . After Switzerland joined the Schengen area on December 12, 2008, border controls ceased to exist. The customs controls, however, remain because Switzerland has not joined the European customs union . The border location of Lörrach brought both advantages and disadvantages to the townspeople. With the fall of the borders within the EU and the bilateral treaties between the European Union and Switzerland , the region moved from a political periphery to a central European position for the first time. Thanks to well-developed north-south and east-west traffic connections, Lörrach is economically integrated and also benefits in the tourism sector as the regional center of the southern Black Forest. The increased crime caused by border traffic has a disadvantageous effect ; this includes in particular criminal offenses in the area of drug smuggling . In 2004, the district of Lörrach ranked sixth in Baden-Württemberg in terms of the frequency of criminal offenses with 10,099 cases.

geology

Surroundings of Lörrach in the border triangle

Lörrach is located in the southernmost section of the Upper Rhine Rift Valley , one of the main lines of the Upper Rhine Rift Valley runs through the city. The depression created by tectonic movements makes the Lörrach area one of the most earthquake-prone regions in Germany. It is hit by small to medium-sized earthquakes several times a year .

The city itself spreads out on a valley floor from the Quaternary period . On both sides of the valley, Lörrach is surrounded by slopes that form the southern part of the Wiesental . The Wiese river from the Black Forest makes its way to its mouth in the wide gravel areas of the Rhine plain in Basel. The shell limestone on Tüllinger Berg formed in the Tertiary around 30 million years ago. At that time the Molasse Lake in northern Switzerland was located between the Black Forest and the Alps . The sands that were deposited there form the basis of the Tüllinger Mountain today. The changing layers on the Tüllinger Berg were created by continual silting up and filling of the lake. In this way, water-permeable limestone layers and water-impermeable clays formed. Precipitation collects on these clay and marl layers, which seep back into the ground up to the base of the limestone slabs. Water leaks on the Tüllinger Berg lead to landslides, the so-called slips . A particularly large landslide occurred in 1758, which even changed the course of the meadow.

Geographical data of the township of Lörrach:

Lowest point: 268.5 meters above sea level NN (the river Wiese on the border with Switzerland)
Highest point: 558.1 meters above sea level NN (high level in the Röttler forest)

The built-up urban area of ​​Lörrach measures 6.0 kilometers in the largest north-south extension, and 4.6 kilometers in the east-west direction.

Water supply

Lörrach waterworks in Grüttpark

The urban area of ​​Lörrach is rich in groundwater sources . At the lower limit of the high terrace gravel against the damming Blue Latvian (Meletta layers), water emerges on the valley floor (e.g. Leuselhard, Buckweg). Above impermeable claystone areas , large amounts of slope water often escape, which were previously used in numerous shafts. Local faults sources can be found east of the hard mats, for example. The Tüllinger Berg is surrounded by a spring horizon at a height of around 400 meters . Until the middle of the 18th century, Lörrach's water supply was provided by running stone wells. In 1887, a deep well was built on the Hochgestade near the swimming pool , which has been supplying the city from groundwater via a public distribution network ever since. The supply center has been located in the Grütt Landscape Park since 1967 . There run of seven deep wells in Grütt and groundwater from the Won Wild fountain between Hauingen and Brombach from different depths in the central waterworks together. Every year more than three million cubic meters of drinking water of degree  2 is treated there and distributed to around 9,000 connections.

The infrastructure of the Lörracher water management in 2017 included the following facilities in the city:

  • 1 waterworks (Grütt), 1 disinfection system (Brombach)
  • 13 elevated tanks (8 in Lörrach, 2 in Brombach, 2 in Hauingen, 1 in Haagen)
  • 7 deep wells (4 in Lörrach, 3 in Brombach)
  • 3 pumping stations (Tüllingen and Tumringen)
  • 2 pressure reducing shafts (Hauingen)
  • 1967 hydrants, 9360 house connections, 9152 water meters
  • 230.5 kilometers of water pipes (excluding house connections)
  • 1 water treatment system
  • 1 raw water tower and 1 pure water tank (Lörrach)

climate

Due to the mild climate, a rare weather event in Lörrach: the closed snow cover like here at the end of 2010

Loerrach, due to its special geographical location, a very mild, even hot in the summer air . The region of the Markgräflerland is considered to be the warmest in Germany, as Mediterranean air flows in from the Rhone Valley via the Burgundian Gate . According to surveys by the German Weather Service for the years 1961 to 1990, the average duration of sunshine is around 1700 hours a year. This value is in the nationwide comparison (average for Germany is 1541 hours) in the upper third. The above-average number of sunny days have earned the southwest region the nickname “The Tuscany of Germany”. In winter there is usually no or very thin snow cover in Lörrach. On March 5, 2006, however, a record snowfall paralyzed the region around Lörrach and Basel. A good 42 centimeters of fresh snow was measured in downtown Lörrach, as much as it was last in 1962.


Lörrach climate data
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 5 6th 12 15th 20th 23 25th 26th 21st 16 9 6th O 15.4
Min. Temperature (° C) −1 −1 2 4th 9 12 14th 14th 11 7th 2 0 O 6.1
Temperature (° C) 0.9 2.3 5.5 9.2 13.4 16.8 18.9 18.3 15.1 10.3 5.1 1.9 O 9.8
Precipitation ( mm ) 63 59 60 72 96 95 81 99 67 60 66 63 Σ 881
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
5
−1
6th
−1
12
2
15th
4th
20th
9
23
12
25th
14th
26th
14th
21st
11
16
7th
9
2
6th
0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
N
i
e
d
e
r
s
c
h
l
a
g
63
59
60
72
96
95
81
99
67
60
66
63
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Source: Precipitation: klimadiagramme.de mean values ​​for the period 1961 to 1990 ,
average temperature: klimadiagramme.de, Eimeldingen , min / max temperature: weather.msn.com

City structure

The city is divided into the core city as well as three urban and three districts:

year Incorporated area
1908 District of Stetten
1935 Tumringen district
1935 Tüllingen district
1974 Haagen district
1975 Brombach district
1975 District Hauingen

The three districts have their own local administration with a local mayor . The Lörrach local council is elected directly by the citizens every five years.

Map: Lörrach and surrounding cities and communities

Some parts of the city also have separately located residential areas with their own names, which usually have very few residents (such as Im Löhr in Brombach, Rötteln and Röttelnweiler near Haagen or Rechberg above Hauingen) and yet can be of great historical importance, for example Rötteln or Obertüllingen with their church buildings from the 8th century.

The districts of Nordstadt , Mitte, Lörrach-Ost with the Homburg settlement and the Hühnerberg as well as the Salzert settlement opened in 1963 belong to the core town of Lörrach .

The neighboring municipality of Inzlingen is independent, but the city of Lörrach forms an agreed administrative community with it .

The district area of ​​Lörrach is 39.43 km², which is divided into the following types of use and city and districts:

Orthophoto Lörrachs
Districts Area in km²
City structure Lörrach.png
Core city 7.5
Stetten 4.6
Tüllingen 2.1
Tumringen 4.4
Brombach 9.8
Hauingen 7.4
Haagen 3.6
total 39.4
  • 18.8% building and open space
    • 0.1% plant area
    • 8.7% traffic area
    • 2.1% recreational area
  • 27.2% agricultural area
  • 40.6% forest area
  • 1.0% water surface
  • 1.4% other usable space

Spatial planning

Together with the neighboring town of Weil am Rhein, Lörrach forms one of the two main centers of the Hochrhein-Bodensee region (the other is Constance). The medium-sized centers Bad Säckingen, Rheinfelden (Baden), Schopfheim and Waldshut-Tiengen are assigned to him. The Oberzentrum Lörrach / Weil also takes on the function of the central area for the cities and communities of Binzen , Efringen-Kirchen , Eimeldingen , Fischingen , Inzlingen , Kandern , Malsburg-Marzell , Rümmingen , Schallbach , Steinen and Wittlingen . In addition, there are cross-border links with the cantons of Basel-Stadt and Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland and with southern Alsace in France . Due to the persistent influx, the zoning plan for 2022 envisages that around 53 hectares of new gross residential land will be developed.

history

First settlement and documentary mention

The oldest traces of human settlement in the Lörrach area go back to the early Stone Age. Finds in the caves of the Isteiner Klotz from the Middle Stone Age (about 6000 years ago) indicate mining activities and reindeer hunters . The finds in the Lörracher district begin with the Neolithic Age , a period in which village-like settlements formed with the transition to settled life. On the Hühnerberg and Skullberg existed around 1000 BC. BC Refugee castles, which in the case of the skull mountain were used as a hilltop settlement. The name of the skull mountain suggests the numerous Celtic relics that can be found on the ridge.

Finds from Roman times

After the settlement of Celts in the 1st century BC The country was affected by the expansion of the Roman Empire , which began under Emperor Augustus with the occupation of the left bank of the Rhine. Around 70 AD, Romanization was continued under the Flavians across the Upper and Upper Rhine region to the Limes. It is noticeable that, in contrast to the Basel area, the southern Upper Rhine region and the High Rhine Valley, only little evidence of the Roman period can be found in the Lörrach district. The front meadow valley and the Dinkelberg were not yet part of the interests of the Roman conquerors. Traces of Roman times can only be found in today's Stetten and in Brombach . In Lörrach, where the Romanization process started later, you will find a Roman estate, a so-called Villa Rustica , in a scenic location . The excavated and restored foundation walls of the Villa Rustica in Brombach are the only evidence of Roman buildings that has been discovered to date.

The surrounding villages of Lörrach such as Tumringen, Tüllingen or Stetten, which was first mentioned in 763, are partly documented by deed of donation. Loerrach itself was mentioned comparatively late in a document. Lörrach is documented for the first time in a document from the St. Gallen monastery dated September 7, 751. The village of Lörrach only gained importance in the 12th and 13th centuries. Lörrach was mentioned for the first time in 1102 in a founding report of the St. Alban Monastery.

From then on, Lörrach's story was closely linked to the Lords of Rötteln . The influence of the Lords of Rötteln was not limited to the worldly. In 1238 Liutold I von Rötteln was appointed Bishop of Basel. Rötteln Castle, mentioned in a document in 1259, was the family seat. In the 14th century, the castle and rule of Rötteln came through inheritance to the Margraves of Sausenberg and then in 1503 to the Margraves of Baden .

City law, Reformation and wars

On January 26, 1403, the German King Ruprecht von der Pfalz granted Margrave Rudolf III. from Hachberg-Sausenberg to the village of Lörrach to hold a fair and a weekly market on Wednesday. Since Lörrach was at the intersection of important trade routes, this market law was of great importance, which was granted in 1452 by Emperor Friedrich III. has been confirmed.

The Reformation introduced by Johannes Oekolampad in Basel in 1529 also had an impact in Lörrach. In 1556, a Protestant pastor gave the first sermon in German instead of the usual Latin.

Rötteln Castle in a depiction from 1643

At the time of the Thirty Years' War Lörrach suffered on the one hand from the consequences of the war, on the other hand the plague, which lasted several years, claimed many victims. In 1633 Spanish troops marched through the country and became a serious plague. During the Battle of Rheinfelden in 1638, Bernhard von Sachsen-Weimar had his headquarters in Brombach and held Rötteln. Only the Peace of Münster in 1648 brought peace to Loerrach.

Friedrich Magnus von Baden-Durlach granted Lörrach town charter on November 18, 1682 . However, due to the constant chaos of the war, this did not take effect and was forgotten. On June 3, 1756, the town charter of Lörrach was renewed by Margrave Karl Friedrich .

Due to the border location of Lörrach with France and the changing alliances of the margraviate, the region around Lörrach became the scene of battles more often over the next 150 years. The consequences of the war put a lasting strain on the city and its development. In 1702 the battle of the Käferholz took place west of Lörrach during the War of the Spanish Succession . In the War of the Polish Succession from 1733 to 1738, French troops again crossed the Rhine near Hüningen in 1735, demanding provisions from the residents of the Wiesental valley and levying a war tax for all communities. The War of the Austrian Succession , which lasted from 1740 to 1748, did not spare Lörrach either. Although there was no destruction, the communities in the Markgräflerland had to provide the Austrians and French with provisions. Only the Second Peace of Aachen brought peace to the country for a few decades.

In 1796 Lörrach became the scene of the First Coalition War . The population of Lörrach was burdened with contributions and labor . During the Second Coalition War from 1799 to 1802, the lower Wiesental was again overrun by French troops. In return, Lörrach benefited from the elevation of the state of Baden to an electorate by Napoléon in 1803 and a grand duchy in 1806 . During the second half of the 18th and the first half of the 19th century, the most important Alemannic dialect poet, Johann Peter Hebel , frequented Lörrach. From 1783 to 1791, Hebel was a teacher at the former Latin school in Lörrach, the so-called pedagogy.

Industrialization and the Baden Revolution

Lörrach's path to industrialization was shaped by the founding of many companies in neighboring Switzerland. Many textile processing companies settled along the Wiesental and in Lörrach itself. The developing economy made it necessary to build workers' houses. The cityscape began to change rapidly. In the period around 1800, many classicist buildings were built in Lörrach, including the synagogue, the town church in the center and the Fridolinskirche in Stetten.

Entry of a column of rioters under Gustav Struve in Lörrach on April 20, 1848 on the way to support the Hecker platoon in the battle of Kandern . (Oil painting by Friedrich Kaiser )

Under the impact of the Baden Revolution of 1848/49, the state of Baden switched to municipal three-tier voting rights , which were staggered according to tax revenue. Disappointed by the Frankfurt Democrats, Friedrich Hecker and Gustav Struve undertook an armed uprising from Constance on April 13, 1848, which went down in history as the Hecker move . Their destination was Schliengen , where the then terminus of the Mannheim-Basel railway was located. On April 20, 1848, Hecker called on the city of Loerrach to support the revolutionary movement. However, the local council refused. Hecker's troops were defeated in the battle on the Scheideck near Kandern . Struve attempted the second coup from Basel. He moved to Lörrach and proclaimed the German Republic on September 21, 1848 in the Lörrach town hall. However, this attempted coup was also ended by government troops. For four days Lörrach became the capital of the Struve Putsch , in a sense the "seat of government".

In 1862 Lörrach was connected to the railway network with the opening of the Wiesentalbahn , a branch of the Baden main line. In 1867 the Catholic Church of St. Boniface was built. At that time Lörrach had around 6,000 inhabitants.

20th century and present

General view of Lörrach, contemporary painting by Gottlieb August Bauer , 1874
Map of Loerrach and Stetten (1893)

The advancing industrialization let the population of Lörrach increase further. In 1900 it reached the 10,000 mark. The village of Stetten was incorporated on April 1, 1908, increasing the population of Lörrach to 15,000. The district area had grown from 752 hectares to 1213 hectares. Lörrach's economic boom ended with the First World War . In 1915 Lörrach suffered deaths from enemy air raids . A Hindenburg line was built on the Tüllinger Berg to defend the city. In 1916 an additional hospital was set up in the secondary school. During the First World War, Lörrach and the surrounding suburbs suffered a total of 813 casualties. After the end of the world war, the scarcity of raw materials damaged the textile processing industries in particular and led to increased unemployment. The social situation worsened and from August 1922 the currency began to decline rapidly in the wake of hyperinflation . During this time, wages in some of the Lörrach-based companies were paid out in Swiss francs .

Loerrach around 1906

During the Weimar Republic , there was increased social unrest in Lörrach, culminating on September 14, 1923. As a result of these days, there were three dead, many injured and several hostage abuse. The economic distress also meant that the authorities and the administration were unable to carry out urgent construction projects. The narrow leeway meant that the term of office of Mayor Dr. Heinrich Graser (1927–1933) is rated as defect management.

The local branch of the NSDAP in Lörrach had existed since 1922. However, it found it difficult to gain a foothold during the 1920s of the Weimar Republic, although there was anti-parliamentary propaganda in Lörrach with the German national-folk magazine Der Markgräfler by dialect poet Hermann Burte . After the National Socialist " seizure of power " Reinhard Boos was appointed mayor of Lörrach in 1933. Boos, who built up and strengthened the NSDAP with great commitment in Lörrach, was subsequently partly responsible for breaking up the unions and the opposition parties on site. From 1938 Boos was again involved in the actions against the Lörrach Jews. During the November pogroms in 1938 , several men gained access to the synagogue and destroyed it. The destroyed church was then torn down. Thanks to the geographical distance to the war fronts, Lörrach remained relatively undamaged during the Second World War . On April 24, 1945, French troops ended the hostilities in Loerrach.

The post-war years were characterized by disproportionate growth in the city's population due to the arrival of refugees and displaced persons . The relatively low war damage in the manufacturing industry in the Lörrach area also attracted many job seekers. From around 20,000 inhabitants after the war, the number grew to over 30,000 by 1960. Around 7,500 of these were displaced persons and refugees from the German eastern regions and the Soviet occupation zone or later GDR . In the rapidly growing city, the Salzert settlement and the Bühl in Brombach were built in the 1960s . A general traffic plan drawn up in 1964 was the basis for further urban planning and the development of a new traffic concept through a city bypass. In the 1970s, part of the city center was restructured into a pedestrian zone. In the course of the municipal reform in Baden-Württemberg , the city of Lörrach was reorganized on January 1, 1975 through the merger of the city of Lörrach with the communities of Hauingen and Brombach. On January 1, 1974, Haagen was incorporated into Lörrach. In 1976, Mayor Hugenschmidt inaugurated the new town hall. The 17-storey, dark green skyscraper shapes as the highest skyscraper in the city since the silhouette .

On August 17, 1980, the neo-Nazi terrorist organization German Action Groups carried out an attack on an asylum seeker accommodation, in which a woman of Ethiopian origin was seriously injured.

Sign for the State Horticultural Show 1983

The construction of the Wiesental Bridge as a section of the A 98 and the State Garden Show in 1983 (→ State Garden Show 1983 ) were two important projects that have significantly further developed the city. The Lörrach University of Cooperative Education, founded in 1981 and renamed Duale Hochschule Lörrach in 2009 , currently has over 2000 students. At the end of March 31, 1984, the Lörrach University of Education was closed due to a change in the law by the Baden-Württemberg state parliament. At the beginning of the 1990s, extensive construction work began in the Lörrach city center, which significantly expanded the previous pedestrian zone by closing the roads.

On September 19, 2010, three people were killed and 18 others were injured in a rampage in the city center.

One of the largest construction projects for decades is the planned construction of a central clinic on the northern edge of the city area. For the development of the construction area, the traffic connection is to be optimized with several measures. In addition to the relocation of the L138 state road, a new S-Bahn stop for the Basel S-Bahn is to be built and the connection to the B317 federal road changed. The current (as of March 2018) schedule stipulates that construction will start in 2020 and the opening of the clinic will be pursued for 2025. For the clinic, whose location is intended for the Entenbad-Nord district, an area of ​​around 7 to 8 hectares and around 700 beds is to be developed. The construction costs including the medical technology are estimated at around 239 million euros.

population

Population development

Population development of Lörrach.svg Population development in Lörrach - from 1871 onwards
Desc-i.svg
Population development in Lörrach according to the table below. Above from 1650 to 2018. Below an excerpt from 1871

The population development of Lörrach is closely related to the political and economic development of the city. During the industrialization in the 19th century, the population grew steadily. The two world wars and the economic crises caused stagnation. After the Second World War, the population rose again rapidly due to the influx of refugees and displaced persons. This development was promoted by the fact that the war damage in Lörrach was relatively low and jobs were attracted in neighboring Switzerland. With the municipal reform in 1974 and 1975, the population increased further through the incorporation of the suburbs Haagen and Brombach and Hauingen. Since the mid-1970s, however, the population has declined because the main growth zones had shifted to the surrounding communities. This trend has been reversed since the fall of the Berlin Wall . Due to the better economic situation and the resulting lower unemployment rate , the population development followed the national trend and Lörrach was able to win many new residents. Currently (as of 2010) the number of Lörrach residents is growing steadily; However, the number of 50,000 inhabitants forecast for 2017 was not achieved. The quota of foreigners in Lörrach is 13.8%.

date Residents
1650 1.995
1700 1,535
1750 3,140
1800 4,180
1870 9,103
1890 11,475
1914 16,293
1938 20,041
1950 22,698
1960 30,546
date Residents
1965 31,324
1970 33,855
1973 33,885
1974 36,231
1975 44.179
1981 40,064
1990 42,500
1995 44,617
2000 45,679
2005 47,026
date Residents
2010 48,380
2015 49,303
2016 49,153
2017 49.213
2018 49,347

The demographic change due to aging can also be seen in the urban population of Lörrach. From 1995 to 2006 the proportion of people over 65 years of age grew from 16.7 to 19.8%, which is slightly above the national average of 18.7%. For December 31, 2006 the following distribution of the city population according to age groups results.

Age group All in all (%) Male (%) Female (%)
under 15 14.8 15.6 14.0
15-25 11.0 11.5 10.6
25-45 28.8 29.8 27.9
45-65 25.6 26.3 25.0
over 65 19.8 16.9 22.5

Religions

Denomination statistics

The religions are distributed in the population of Lörrach as follows:

year evangelical Catholic other or none
1980 50.4% 38.2% 11.5%
2001 38.9% 31.8% 29.1% (*)
2011 34.1% 28.1% 37.7% (**)


(*) 29.1% = 2.9% other denominations and 26.2% without denomination (**) Results of the 2011 census City of Lörrach Population in regional comparison by religion -in% -

Christianity

St. Fridolin's Church in Stetten

The city's churches initially belonged to the Bishopric of Constance and were subordinate to the Archdiakonat Breisgau. Thus, there has always been a church border with the diocese of Basel, which is only a few kilometers away . In 1529 the Lörrach parish was occupied from Basel after the Reformation had been introduced there. In the city itself, the Reformation was only introduced in 1556 at the instigation of the sovereign. After that, Lörrach was a predominantly Protestant city for centuries. In Rötteln there was a land chapter since the beginning of the 15th century, which was moved to Lörrach at the end of the 17th century. The Protestant pastors in Lörrach were also special superintendents of the Diocese of Rötteln from 1682. Lörrach's main church is the town church, which was mentioned in the 12th century. In addition to the Lutheran creed, there were Reformed parishioners who came from neighboring Switzerland since the 17th century. The Lörrach church district emerged from the superintendent of Lörrach in the 19th century. From the town parish (Johannespfarrei), further parishes emerged in the 20th century, namely the Paulus parish (1906, afterwards the Johannesparrei was initially called the southern parish ) for the northern city, the Matthew parish (1949) for the eastern city (which also provided for Inzlingen), the Markus parish ( 1956), the Salzertgemeinde (1969) and the Friedensgemeinde (1974) in the Homburgsiedlung. The Christ Church was built in 1956 for the Paul and Mark parishes . In 1975, the Johannes parish received a community center on Suttermattstrasse.

There are also Protestant parishes in the districts of Brombach, Hauingen, Rötteln (with Tumringen) and Tüllingen, as these places like Lörrach belonged to Baden early on and the Reformation was introduced from there. Haagen belongs ecclesiastically to Rötteln. These parishes also belong to the Lörrach church district of the Evangelical Regional Church in Baden .

The district of Stetten was under the rule of Upper Austria until 1803 . Therefore there is a Catholic tradition here, although the Reformation was first introduced in the place. Through a treaty with Austria, Stetten became Catholic again. The community of Stetten initially also looked after the Catholics who had resided in Lörrach since the 18th century. She celebrates her services in the 1822 newly built Fridolinskirche . The original church building in Stetten dates back to the 13th century. Between 1864 and 1867, another parish church ( St. Bonifatius ) was built in Lörrach , where a parish curate was founded in 1867 , which was elevated to a parish in 1882. A second Catholic church ( St. Peter ) was built in 1964. In the Neumatt area, a somewhat relocated part of Stetten, the branch church of the Holy Family of the Stetten community was built in 1966 . The St. Joseph's Church was built in Brombach as early as 1900 and has been a parish since 1911. Haagen and Hauingen also belong to the community. Since March 1, 2000, all Catholic parishes in Lörrach, together with the neighboring parish of St. Peter and Paul in Inzlingen, form a pastoral care unit within the Wiesental dean's office of the Archdiocese of Freiburg .

In addition to the two large churches, there are also free-church congregations, including the Free Evangelical Congregation with its youth Peter , the Evangelical Free Church Congregation ( Baptists ), the Evangelical Chrischona Congregation , the Evangelical Free Church Congregation - Freie Christengemeinde Lörrach e. V., the Lörrach Christian Assembly , the Open Door Congregation and the Salvation Army .

There are two New Apostolic congregations in Lörrach .

Judaism

Lörrach synagogue

Lörrach has a Jewish community that dates back to 1660. At first the Jews were mainly employed in the cattle trade. Later, numerous businesses and businesses were owned by Jewish families. There were also many craftsmen and academics among the Jewish inhabitants. They took an active part in the political and cultural life of Lörrach, but during the November pogroms in 1938, SA people in particular completely devastated the Lörrach synagogue from 1808. This was not far from the market square. Today a memorial plaque from 1976 commemorates the Jewish prayer house. During the National Socialist era , at least 47 of the 162 Jews living in Lörrach were murdered.

In 1995 the Israelitische Kultusgemeinde was founded in Lörrach. The catchment area of ​​the new community with around 400 members in 2007 extends from Badenweiler to Waldshut . Many of the believers immigrated from states of the former Soviet Union . The church continues to grow. On June 28, 2007, the foundation stone was laid for a new Lörrach synagogue , which was officially opened on November 9, 2008 - seventy years after the old synagogue was destroyed.

Islam

Lörrach has several Islamic communities that offer their prayers in different prayer rooms ; a mosque built specifically for this purpose does not yet exist. The Turkish-Islamic Union is by far the largest municipality with 250 active members.

politics

Municipal council

The Lörrach municipal council consists of 32 voluntary city councilors. The municipal council, which is elected for a period of five years, is elected by the citizens. The chairman with an additional seat and voting rights is the mayor, who is elected independently of this election.

Allocation of seats in Lörrach 2019-2024
1
6th
10
2
5
7th
1
6th 10 7th 
A total of 32 seats

The local elections on May 26, 2019 led to the following result , with a turnout of 52.25% (+ 10.55):

Party / list Share of votes G / V Seats G / V
GREEN 30.5% + 8.9 10 + 3
CDU 22.2% - 8.2 7th - 3
SPD 18.2% - 4.0 6th - 1
Free voters 16.2% - 1.6 5 - 1
FDP 5.2% + 1.4 2 + 1
The left 4.5% + 0.2 1 ± 0
AfD 3.2% + 3.2 1 + 1
total 100% 32

G / V: Change to the 2014 municipal council election

Since July 2006 there was also a youth parliament in Lörrach . Twenty-one youth parliamentarians between the ages of 14 and 21 took part and, as a non-partisan body of the city, took on the interests of the Lörrach youth. It was last elected for two years in 2012. Since the youth parliament has been vacant since November 2015, we are working on a new way of youth participation.

City leaders

Lord Mayor since 2014: Jörg Lutz

The Lörracher Chronik reports on a Johann von Schallbach in 1366 as the first Vogt . The official title of mayor was reserved for the town councilors. Marx Christoph Leibfried is named as the first Lörrach mayor in 1682, the year the city was first awarded. This was used by the margrave. Up to and including 1756, the term Vogt or Altvogt was still used. Since 1956, the mayor of Lörrach has been the mayor, who is directly elected by the citizens.

Loerrach town hall "Langer Egon"
City logo

The persons marked with * in the following list bear or carried the title of Lord Mayor. Arend Braye began his tenure as mayor in 1948 and became mayor in 1956. Reinhard Boos was the only mayor who was not democratically elected; In 1933, as the former local group and district leader of the NSDAP, he was appointed commissioner or mayor by the Baden Gauleiter and in 1945 deposed and arrested by the French troops.

Term of office Surname Term of office Surname
1804-1807 Johann Martin Strohmeier 1863-1869 Paul Feldkirchner
1807-1810 Johann Jakob Grether 1869-1871 Karl Robert Gebhardt
1810-1814 Johann Kaspar Schoeffel 1872-1906 Johann Josef Grether
1814-1820 Johann Georg Grether 1906-1927 Erwin Gugelmeier *
1820-1826 Jakob Rupp 1927-1933 Heinrich Graser *
1826-1831 Friedrich Hüglin 1933-1945 Reinhard Boos *
1831-1832 Ernst Schultz 1945-1948 Joseph Pepper
1832-1835 Johann Georg Grether 1948-1960 Arend Braye
1835-1841 Ernst Schultz 1960-1984 Egon Hugenschmidt *
1841-1844 Friedrich Hüglin 1984-1995 Rainer Offergeld *
1844-1849 Karl Wenner 1995-2014 Gudrun Today-Bluhm *
1849-1861 Johann Ludwig Calame since 2014 Jörg Lutz *
1861-1863 Karl Wenner

* = Lord Mayor

Mayor Gudrun Heute-Bluhm, who has been in office for 19 years, changed to the Baden-Württemberg City Council as a managing board member on August 1st . When a new mayor became necessary as a result, Jörg Lutz, the mayor of Grenzach-Wyhlen , was elected as the new mayor of the city of Loerrach with 64.43% of the votes in the second ballot. He took office on October 1, 2014.

coat of arms

Lörrach's coat of arms on the facade of the rectory

Blazon : "In red above a rising golden (yellow) lark ."

The coat of arms colors correspond to those of the Baden coat of arms . The Lörracher coat of arms is a so-called speaking coat of arms , which is derived from the city name. It is documented with the town charter from 1756 (§ 9), whereby it is assumed that this motif has been used as a coat of arms since 1682. The oldest evidence of the coat of arms is on a map from 1643 in the State Archives of the Canton of Basel-Stadt. However, the design of the heraldic animal has already been changed several times. In 1965 the General State Archives Karlsruhe approved the coat of arms, which is interpreted as a stylized rising lark. On November 11, 1975, in the course of the municipal reform, the coat of arms for the newly formed city was confirmed. In addition to the coat of arms, according to a decision by the Ministry of the Interior of the State of Baden-Württemberg on November 11, 1975, the city is allowed to use a flag with the colors "red-yellow-red". The reassignment of the flag was necessary as a result of the incorporation of Hauingen and Brombach on January 1st, 1975 because the old coat of arms lost its validity.

The official seal is circular, with the city coat of arms in the middle, which is lined with the inscription "Stadt Lörrach". Before the introduction of the Euro license plate , the coat of arms could also be seen on the registration badge of the license plates of vehicles registered in the Lörrach district.

City and cultural partnerships

Information column on Lörrach's town partnerships

Lörrach maintains the following city ​​partnerships :

FranceFrance Sens , France since 1966
ItalyItaly Senigallia , Italy since 1986
GermanyGermany Meerane , Germany since 1990
UkraineUkraine Vishgorod , Ukraine since 1999
United KingdomUnited Kingdom Chester , UK since 2002
TurkeyTurkey Edirne , Turkey since 2005

The four cities of Sens, Senigallia, Chester and Lörrach are also twin cities with each other. Every year numerous encounters and exchanges take place both between schools and associations as well as interns from industry and trade. Loerrach was because of the commitment to the promotion and dissemination of the European idea in 1979 by the Euro Council , the European flag , 1983, the French-German price and the Council of Europe Plaque of Honor in 1988 awarded. The city friendship with Vishgorod in Ukraine has existed together with the city of Sens since 1999.

The partnership between the Lörrach-Haagen district and the French municipality of Village-Neuf has existed since 1988.

In 2004 Lörrach International was founded as an association for the promotion of town twinning and friendships. V., founded. The aim of the association is to support the existing town twinning through strong civic engagement and to build up further partnerships.

The cultural partnership with Edirne in Turkey was established by this association in 2005, which has meanwhile been elevated to city friendship. The EU Erasmus program promotes the exchange of lecturers and students in international courses at the two universities ( Trakya Üniversitesi and DHBW Lörrach ). There is also a lively exchange with the trade school as well as schools and grammar schools in Lörrach in the field of music, visual arts and vocational training.

The anniversary year of 40 years of partnership with Sens and 20 years with Senigallia was called Musica Jubila 2006 . Young musicians from all partner cities met for workshops and formed several cross-national and cross-cultural ensembles. During numerous encounters in joint youth camps, which have been held alternately in the individual partner cities for many years, the friendship of the city partnership youth is cultivated and expanded.

The signing of the Élysée Treaty fifty years ago was used in Lörrach for events with citizens and a documentation of previous encounters.

The documentation on sustainable tourism in Lörrach and its partner cities was created in an EU-funded tourism project by the twin cities called Net4ps .

Economy and Infrastructure

Largest employer in Lörrach: Milkawerke , at the bottom left the Autozug-Terminal

Lörrach is an industrial and service location. Around 30% of all jobs are provided by companies in the manufacturing industry, around 22% in trade and the hospitality industry, and more than 45% in the service industry. The large district town offers around 18,300 jobs. While the unemployment rate in the city was over 12% in 1997 , it has been falling steadily since then and is at a Germany-wide low. The unemployment rate in the district of Lörrach was 3.9% in May 2008 and 5.0% in the city. In June 2019, the rate in Lörrach was only 3.1%.

Lörrach is also characterized by a large number of cross-border commuters . In 2001, over 3,000 working people commute to Switzerland from the city of Lörrach , and 13,043 from the entire district in the same year. At the end of 2018, the number of cross-border commuters in the district rose to 21,334 people, from the city of Lörrach itself there were 5,294 employees.

In 2004, retailers achieved a total turnover of 342.7 million euros, around a fifth of this turnover was contributed by Swiss customers.

traffic

Lörrach's network of highways and railway lines

The first postal line was opened in 1576 between the lower and upper margravate. Since the city charter was granted, Margrave Friedrich VII. Magnus tried to expand the line further. The courier service operated by a man on foot or on horseback ran twice a week between Durlach and Lörrach. In 1756 Lörrach received a post office . The transport network expanded to the Feldberg, Basel, Kandern and Beuggen . The last stagecoach ran until 1840. The regular travel speed to Karlsruhe, 200 kilometers away, took 30 hours, with the six-horse express car only twelve hours. Motor vehicle traffic found its way into Lörrach after 1900. While there were only 400 vehicles in 1926, registrations grew to 4,500 by 1956. The international airport Basel-Mulhouse-Freiburg is 14 kilometers west of Lörrach in Alsace . In the years 1920 / 21-1955 Lörrach had its own airfield in Tumringen (→ Airfield Lörrach ).

The traffic in Lörrach has increased significantly in the last few decades. According to an appraisal by an urban and regional developer from 2016, the city has weaknesses in traffic regulation, which also makes it difficult to reach Lörrach. After a survey about the origin of passers-by encountered in Lörrach, the following picture emerged when comparing the years 1998, 2008 and 2015:

Origin of passers-by in Loerrach
origin 1998 2008 2015
City of Loerrach 57.6% 50.8% 46.9%
District of Loerrach 29.7% 32.5% 29.7%
rest of Germany 6.5% 8.1% 7.4%
Switzerland 5.2% 6.8% 14.1%
France 0.8% 1.6% 1.1%

This means that there has been a significant increase in the number of Swiss visitors. The vast majority of respondents stated that they would come into town by car. The means of transport continues to have the highest priority when visiting the city center. The proportion was between 40 and 50% across all places of origin. And even passers-by from Lörrach still used almost 30% of the car. Compared to 2008, the proportion of bicycle users among the visitors who come from Lörrach has increased. Of all Lörrach car parks, the Am Markt car park is preferred; it is closest to the city center and the pedestrian zone .

With the help of a dynamic parking guidance system , the city informs about the free availability of parking spaces . A total of 34 parking signposts at 17 locations guide you to the new parking garages in the city center, which in total offer a little over 2000 parking spaces.

Trunk roads and mountain passes

The Wiesentalbrücke crosses the A 98 in Lörrach
Big traffic junction in Lörrach: Hasenlochkreuzung

With the federal autobahn 98 running directly through Lörrach, the Rheintal autobahn A 5 , the French A 35 and the A 2 and A 3 on the Swiss side are connected via the Weil am Rhein motorway triangle . The A 98 planned in 1970 was opened on April 12, 1983 with the commissioning of the 1211 meter long Wiesental bridge. Since March 2006 it has been possible to drive continuously from Lörrach to Rheinfelden via the A 98 . Alternatively, the L141 and federal road 316 also lead over the Waidhof Pass to Rheinfelden. Due to the basin location in the Wiesental and the surrounding mountain hills, Lörrach is also connected to the surrounding villages via smaller mountain passes.

According to a manual traffic count from 2005, around 20,800 vehicles traveled between the interchanges Lörrach-Mitte (5) and Lörrach-Ost (6), accounting for 11.3% of heavy goods traffic , making it one of the most weakly traveled motorway sections in Germany.

The federal road 317 leading from Titisee-Neustadt over the Feldberg Pass is the city's main artery and follows the valley axis. The B 317 has been running on the duty-free road through Swiss territory since 2013 to Weil am Rhein . Alternatively, Lörrach and Weil am Rhein are also connected to each other via the approximately 5% steep pass in Untertüllingen, which is purely on German territory .

Furthermore, the federal highway 316, which runs largely parallel to the A 98, connects the Lörrach-Ost (6) motorway junction with Rheinfelden . The state road 141 leads from Rümmingen over the gap from the northwest to the east of the city and joins the B 316 north of the Salzert. Before the completion of the autobahn, the L 141 was an important transport link across the valley axis. Lörrach is also connected to the Kandertal via the district road 6344 and the Wittlinger Höhe .

Since September 7, 2007, the newly opened street of culture, Straße der Demokratie , has been running through Lörrach .

Bicycle traffic

Reference to the RadNETZ path

Since spring 2017 there has been a 640-kilometer cycle route network in the district of Lörrach, of which the most important traffic routes belong to the Baden-Württemberg cycle network . These routes are marked with banderoles, signposts and floor pictograms. The district has around 200 kilometers of these special RadNETZ routes, which are 7,000 kilometers across the country. Both the 440-kilometer district network and the RadNETZ contain tourist routes and everyday routes.

Signposts for the cycle paths in the Grütt landscape park

The tourist routes include the 264-kilometer southern Black Forest cycle path , the start and finish of which is set in Hinterzarten and leads in a wide arc through and along the edge of the southern Black Forest and also through the town of Lörrach. Apart from two side trips to the Petite Camargue Alsacienne and north-western Switzerland near Basel, the route runs on German territory. Another touristic cycle path is the Dreiland cycle path around Basel. The total distance of 197 kilometers is divided into four stages and includes 192 kilometers on asphalt and five kilometers on natural surfaces. The first stage leads from Liestal to Rodersdorf , the second from Rodersdorf to Mülhausen , in the 60 kilometer long, third stage the stage location Lörrach is reached and in the last stage the route leads back to Liestal. A total of 1500 meters in altitude must be mastered on the circuit. Furthermore, Lörrach is crossed by the 165 kilometer long Hochrhein-Hotzenwald-Weg cycle path . The 375 kilometer long Black Forest cycle path ends in Lörrach. Due to the proximity to Basel, a central crossing point of the transcontinental EuroVelo cycle network can be reached from Lörrach in a few kilometers. Three of the currently 16 routes meet in Basel: the two north-south routes, the Rhine Cycle Route (EV15) and the Via Romea Francigena (EV5), as well as the Atlantic-Black Sea route (EV6), which runs from west to east . The 200-kilometer-long Upper Rhine Römer Cycle Path leads from Grenzach-Wyhlen to Offenburg via Lörrach and has two stops: at the Villa Rustica (Brombach) and at the Dreiländermuseum. Since 1997 there has also been a mountain bike route from Karlsruhe to Lörrach, which leads over a 350-kilometer path over the Black Forest heights along natural and cultural sights. The route was launched by the Black Forest Association .

Wiesental cycle path in Tumringen
Velostation Velö at the station

The city has defined three main routes for commuter and everyday cycling. The west route is part of the Wiesental cycle path , which leads over 45 kilometers from Schönau in the Black Forest to Basel. The bike path here runs partially on the route of the railway line in the cell Wiesental Todtnau , a to 1967 between Zell im Wiesental and Todtnau trains running narrow gauge railway . It runs along the valley axis within the city limits of Lörrach and runs practically parallel to the meadow. At the points where bridge structures span the meadow, the cycle path runs under the bridges to allow passage that does not have to interact with the crossing car traffic. At the border crossing from Stetten to Riehen, it leads over the Langen Erlen to Basel. Coming from Brombach, the east commuter route first leads through the main road, branches off into the parallel Hellbergstraße and, after crossing the motorway bridge over the Homburg settlement, over Hartmatten, Berg and Kreuzstraße, past the Rosenfels campus to Stetten and from there also to the National border. The central commuter route connects the west and east routes by means of several cycle paths. In addition to the city center, there is also a network of possibilities in the Grüttpark . To the east, the city's everyday cycle paths are signposted over the skull mountain to the Salzert. To the west you can leave the city over the Luckepass in the direction of Kandertal. Overall, the cycling concept speaks of five Rendler routes with a total of 26.5 kilometers, seven basic routes with 35.8 kilometers and a densification network with 36.4 kilometers.

In addition to the usual infrastructure of signs and road markings, interfaces between bicycle traffic and public transport have been created in recent years, which in particular provided for bike + ride facilities. The largest of these facilities is the Velö at Lörrach main station, a rental and repair service and a weather-protected bicycle storage hall for up to 100 bicycles on 200 square meters.

Railways and public transport

Track system of the Loerrach train station
Central bus station in Loerrach

Lörrach is on track on the Wiesentalbahn with Basel and cell in Wiesental and on the GartenBahn with Weil am Rhein connected. After the takeover of these lines by the Swiss Federal Railways in December 2003, the lines were extensively modernized, including a. two new stops (Schillerstraße and Dammstraße) were created in Lörrach. At the same time, the routes were integrated into the Basel S-Bahn ; the Wiesentalbahn as S 6 (red line) and the garden railway as S 5 (pink line). As part of the Basel S-Bahn, the Lörrach station (official main station since December 2009) was partially renovated and made barrier-free; the modern trains of the type used since 2005 Stadler Flirt of SBB GmbH . With the timetable change in December 2009, some stations were renamed, including the Schillerstraße station became the Lörrach Museum / Burghof station.

There are currently seven train stations in Lörrach, these are: Lörrach Dammstraße, Lörrach-Stetten, Lörrach Museum / Burghof, Lörrach Schwarzwaldstraße, Lörrach-Haagen / Messe, Lörrach-Brombach / Hauingen and Lörrach Hauptbahnhof .

In addition, there has been a car train terminal in Lörrach since 1963 with daily connections to Hildesheim and Hamburg-Altona .

From 1919 to 1939 and from 1947 to 1967, line 6 of the Basel tram operated as the Lörrach municipal tram with transfers at the border . It is currently under discussion to lead this line back to Lörrach.

In addition, Lörrach has some local and regional bus connections operated by Südwestdeutsche Verkehrs-Aktiengesellschaft (SWEG) and Südbadenbus GmbH (SBG) . You belong to the Regio Verkehrsverbund Lörrach . The SWEG operates the Lörrach city bus network, bus connections to Markgräflerland and Inzlingen , whereas the SBG connects Lörrach with places in the Wiesental and the Dinkelberg area.

Authorities, institutions and courts

Lörrach, as the district town of the district of the same name, is home to the district office and two road maintenance offices . Lörrach has several schools of all school types (see educational institutions ), an adult education center , the Lörrach city library with over 88,500 media, including over 69,000 books, two district libraries , and since 1985 the regional scientific library and a music school. The district court of Lörrach , which belongs to the regional court district of Freiburg im Breisgau, is responsible for cities and communities in the district. In addition, Lörrach had its own labor court until the end of 2017 , which exercised jurisdiction in the first instance for the districts of Lörrach and Waldshut. There were also three more chambers in Radolfzell on Lake Constance. Since January 1, 2018, Lörrach has had the status of a foreign chamber of the Freiburg Labor Court . In the city center, on the Alter Markt, there is a branch of the State Education Office .

The Deutsche Bundesbank had an operating office in Loerrach. At the end of the day, this location was no longer open to the public and was only used to supply cash. In the course of the Bundesbank's branch closings, Lörrach initially decided not to close, but the Lörrach branch was then closed in September 2012.

Lörrach also has a tax office , an employment agency and a main customs office . The police headquarters in Lörrach was dissolved in the course of the police reform of the state of Baden-Württemberg with effect from January 1, 2014 and merged with the newly established Freiburg police headquarters. In Lörrach there will remain a criminal investigation department and a traffic investigation department based in Weil am Rhein. The city is also the seat of the Lörrach church district of the Evangelical Church in Baden and the Wiesental dean's office within the Hochrhein region of the Archdiocese of Freiburg .

There are two hospitals in Lörrach: The district hospital Lörrach as part of the clinics of the district Lörrach GmbH in the sponsorship of the district and the St. Elisabethen Hospital , as a non-profit GmbH in the sponsorship of the Order of the Sisters of Mercy of Saint Vincent of Paul and joint management with the regional association of church hospitals in Freiburg im Breisgau. The three district hospitals in Lörrach, Rheinfelden and Schopfheim were merged into a GmbH on January 1, 1994 . The Lörrach district hospital was opened on October 1, 1845, then as a municipal hospital. The Lörrach district hospital currently has 282 beds, with a total of 517 beds at all three locations. The St. Elisabethen Hospital, founded in 1913 as a private clinic Dr. Böhler has 220 beds. The specialist disciplines are divided between the two Lörrach hospitals - in the Lörrach district hospital: internal medicine and surgery; in the St. Elisabethen Hospital: children's clinic, gynecology and obstetrics, ENT and urology.

fire Department

Fire station in Stetten: the main station of the Lörrach volunteer fire brigade

The fire brigade in Lörrach is organized as a volunteer fire brigade . As such, it is directly subordinate to the city administration. The fire brigade commander , who is also the head of the fire station, reports to the road, traffic and security department of the 2nd department in the Lörrach town hall .

The Loerrach fire brigade was originally founded on November 5, 1858. At that time, 156 men reported who had joined the fire brigade. With the help of a loan approved by the local council, the first materials and accessories were purchased. The first use took place on January 30, 1860. A company fire broke out on the KBC premises . In the mid-1930s, Tumringen and Tüllingen were incorporated into Lörrach, so that the fire brigades were also incorporated into the Lörrach fire brigade as 4th and 5th fire engines. In the mid-1960s, a plot of land was purchased for the new fire station in Weiler Strasse in Stetten. The incorporation of Haagen, Hauingen and Brombach brought another expansion of the organization.

The volunteer fire department is divided into the following department: Department Loerrach , Department Brombach , Department Haagen , Department Hauingen , Jugendfeuerwehr and honorary commander. There is also a fire station in Tumringen. In 2017 it consisted of 229 active members and 485 missions to cope with.

Established businesses

Characteristic chimney of KBC in Loerrach

The largest company in Lörrach is the chocolate manufacturer Mondelēz International , known among others for the brands Milka and Suchard. Chocolate has been produced in Lörrach since 1880; it is also the largest chocolate production site for Mondelēz in Europe. The modern production facility produces up to three million chocolate bars a day.

The pharmaceutical company GABA ( G oldene A potheke Ba sel) with the brands aronal, elmex and meridol is also known nationwide. The former Wybert company, which in turn was a branch of the Golden Pharmacy Basel founded in 1638, was founded in Tumringen in 1921. In 2000 the name of Wybert was changed and it also appeared externally as the GABA group. She has been part of the Colgate-Palmolive Group since 2004 . The production in Lörrach was closed in 2012 and relocated abroad.

Many Lörrach companies are Swiss start-ups due to the cross-border conurbation of Basel. This was favored by Baden's accession to the German Customs Union in 1835. In the course of industrialization, many textile companies in particular settled in Lörrach. In 1835, Felix Sarasin-Heussler from Basel founded the Haagen spinning mill, which at times employed over 500 workers. The traditional textile finishing company KBC and the tea manufacturer Midro Lörrach GmbH are based in Lörrach. KBC's characteristic 85-meter-high chimney is the tallest building in the city . In 1995 the Swiss grocery chain Migros opened a department store in downtown Lörrach; Migros' German headquarters are also located here. With effect from October 1, 2013, the Lörrach branch was sold to the Rewe Group .

Lauffenmühle area in Brombach

The private brewery Lasser , founded in 1850, is located in Lörrach . One of the major employers in the region is Hieber's Freshness Center .

In 1963 the textile finishing company Brombach AG was taken over by Lauffenmühle in Lauchringen and temporarily became one of the city's largest employers. The crisis in the German textile industry that has been progressing since the 1980s led to the fifth bankruptcy and the closure of the Lauffenmühle in 2019 . In Lörrach, 76 employees were still affected.

A branch of the A-Raymond Group is an important supplier of fastening elements to the automotive industry and has been based in Lörrach since 1898. The central European distribution warehouse of the international fashion company Tally Weijl has been located in the Lörrach district of Brombach since 1999 on the site of the former logistics center of the fashion company Schöpflin. The Italian machine builder Marchesini also has a branch from which the Swiss pharmaceutical and cosmetics industry is supplied with packaging machines.

The Maschinenfabrik Kaltenbach, founded by Julius Kaltenbach in 1887, manufactures lathes, saws and milling machines, among other things. The company belongs to the Kaltenbach Group with its headquarters in Lörrach. In addition to Lörrach, the group produces in the Netherlands and France and has eight subsidiaries and around 50 agencies worldwide.

The logistics company Streck Transport is based in Loerrach.

Power lines

Extra high voltage lines in Lörrach not far from the A 98

Three high- voltage and two extra-high voltage lines run through the Lörrach district, sometimes over populated areas, and have been an important junction in the national power line and distribution from south to north since 1967 .

The high-voltage lines are three 110 kV lines, two of which lead north from the Rheinfelden power transmission plant . The third line comes from the Wyhlen hydropower station and runs via the substation near the freight station over the Tüllinger Berg to Haltingen . From this line there is a branch to Stetten .

The two extra-high voltage lines are two 380 kV lines each. One leads from the Kühmoos substation to Daxlanden in northern Baden , the second from the Laufenburg coupling line to the substation in Sierentz, Alsace .

media

In Lörrach, the daily newspapers Badische Zeitung and Die Oberbadische as well as the weekly newspapers Der Sonntag and Wochenblatt each have local editors . The Oberbadische (up to September 2006 Oberbadisches Volksblatt) with its publishing house in Lörrach is the oldest newspaper in Lörrach (since 1885). The Upper Baden publishing house also publishes the Weiler Zeitung and the Markgräfler Tagblatt.

The radio station Südwestrundfunk has had a regional office in Lörrach since the spring of 1982, in which parts of the radio program (Hochrhein Radio) SWR4 Baden-Württemberg are produced.

Educational institutions

New wing of the Baden-Württemberg Cooperative State University Lörrach

Lörrach is home to the Baden-Württemberg Cooperative State University Lörrach , which was founded in 1981 as a vocational academy . In addition to the classic three-year courses with a bachelor's degree, it also offers sometimes longer trinational courses with partner universities in France ( University of Upper Alsace in Mulhouse or Colmar) and Switzerland ( University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland , FHNW). The more than 2000 students are currently offered eleven different courses with several specializations in the two fields of study economics and technology.

There is also a state seminar for didactics and teacher training for elementary and secondary schools in Lörrach.

Main building of the Hans-Thoma-Gymnasium

Lörrach has twelve public primary schools or primary and secondary schools (Albert Schweitzer School, Astrid Lindgren Primary School Hauingen, Eichendorff School, Fridolin School, Salzert Primary School, Tumringen Primary School, Lever School, Hellberg Primary and Secondary School Brombach, Neumatt Primary School and secondary school with Werkrealschule as well as Schloßberg primary and secondary school) a secondary school (Theodor-Heuss-Realschule), two grammar schools ( Hans-Thoma- and Hebel-Gymnasium ) and a special needs school (Pestalozzi-Schule).

The district of Lörrach is responsible for the vocational school (including a technical high school, technology and computer science), the commercial school (including a business high school) and the home economics, agricultural and social education school (Mathilde Planck school; including a nutritional high school and Biotechnical high school). Together with St. Elisabethen-Krankenhaus Lörrach gGmbH , the district of Lörrach is responsible for the school for health and nursing and for health and child care. The school for sick children is located in the St. Elisabethen Hospital in Lörrach.

Several private schools , including the geriatric nursing school of the deaconess mother house St. Chrischona , the Free Evangelical School (elementary, secondary, secondary school, grammar school and vocational grammar school with the profile design and media technology and the profile social), the Free Waldorf School Lörrach, the The private language school Foerderer and the private school for educational assistance at the Evangelical Children's Home Tüllinger Höhe round off the school offerings in Lörrach.

The social working group Lörrach (SAK) and the Phaenovum student research center Lörrach-Dreiländereck fulfill special functions in the area of ​​training and educational support .

Culture and sights

dialect

In southern Baden an Alemannic is spoken, which is seen as a transition between Swabian and high or southern Alemannic . In this border area the dialect is called Niederalemannisch . The Alemannic dialects sound regionally very different. In Lörrach (regional Alemannic pronunciation: [ ˈlœʀɑx ]), High Alemannic is spoken, which sounds similar to Swiss German and is widespread in southwest Germany, Alsace , German-speaking Switzerland , the Austrian state of Vorarlberg and the Principality of Liechtenstein . What is particularly noticeable about this dialect is the initial shift of the Germanic k to ch : for example, child and head are pronounced in High Alemannic Chind and Chopf .

In the recent past, the high Alemannic peculiarities have been increasingly lost, especially due to immigration from the Saxon-speaking area in the district. In this dialect continuum there is a mixture of High German and a language close to Low Alemannic. This creates a language border between Switzerland and the High Alemannic Baden. In the Hotzenwald , the Markgräflerland (except the border region) and the region around Jestetten , the High Alemannic is better preserved and sounds like the Swiss dialects.

Buildings and Architecture

Development of the city center as seen from the air

Due to its historical development, Lörrach is a comparatively young city. This is one of the reasons why Lörrach has neither architecturally exceptionally significant or distinctive buildings nor a homogeneous old town compared to other cities. Nevertheless, there are various testimonies to almost all of the great epochs of architecture. The baroque architectural style is of particular importance in Lörrach . The reason for this is the destruction of Rötteln Castle in 1678 and the resulting relocation of the administration to Lörrach. The town charter from 1682 meant that the town was developed into an administrative center. In 1695 a summer residence, a “princely country house in Lörrach”, was planned for Friedrich Magnus , which was also to contain a baroque palace complex.

Old market square and pedestrian zone

Rückriem sculpture on the old market square

Lörrach's city center is characterized by a pedestrian zone opened in 1991 . The center is the old market square, which can be accessed from four sides. At the intersection there is a cube-shaped sculpture ( Granite Rosa Porriño by Ulrich Rückriem ). The city center is also characterized by many residential and commercial buildings that were built at the beginning of the 20th century. It is worth mentioning a number of preserved “model houses” (standardized house types) from the time of the second city survey in 1756, e. B. in Kirchenstraße (near the market square).

Walking can be the center of 22 stations, various fountains and sculptures along the so-called Lörracher Sculpture Trail explore. In addition to the pyramid in the courtyard, the large column figure by Stephan Balkenhol on Senser Square, north of the Old Market Square, is also worth mentioning.

A few meters from the Old Market Square is the Old Town Hall, which has housed the adult education center since 1998 after renovation and renovation . The building, which dates back to 1870, contains the old town hall bells from the previous building from 1756. Gustav Struve proclaimed the German Republic on September 21, 1848 from the old town hall . For four days, Loerrach was the capital of the Struve Putsch and thus, to a certain extent, the seat of government.

New market place and weekly market

Lörrach weekly market

To the west of the Old Market Square is the New Market Square, where a large weekly market takes place three days a week . The branching Synagogengasse reminds us that the former Lörrach synagogue , which was destroyed during the Nazi era , stood on this square . After the Second World War , the site of the synagogue was built over with an office and commercial building. During the Nazi era, this square was also used as a parade ground.

Today the square is dominated by a fountain and serves as a connection between the old market and the courtyard. The fountain sculpture Tree of Life by the artist Michael Fischer depicts a couple of lovers intertwined in the crown of a tree.

On market days, the square is packed with market stalls. It is a farmer's market, where mainly regional products such as vegetables, fruit, bread, cakes, schnapps, wine and flowers are mostly offered for sale by the producers themselves. Only since the end of the 1990s have other specialty stands been added, offering meat, cheese, poultry, pasta, mushrooms and jams on the edge of the market square. Most of them are regional products. Because of the favorable climate in Lörrach z. B. also domestic peaches, artichokes or aubergines on the market, which have to be imported elsewhere. The weekly market in Lörrach, which has existed since the beginning of the 15th century, is one of the largest and most beautiful in the region and also attracts many customers from Switzerland and Alsace. It takes place three times a week on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday.

In 2003 the city celebrated 600 years of market rights. The Margrave Rudolf III. von Hachberg-Sausenberg was granted market rights by King Ruprecht of the Palatinate for his village of Lörrach. The market charter was signed on January 26, 1403 in Regensburg . With this right for an annual and weekly market, the margrave wanted to create an economic and political counterweight to Basel. 1452 confirmed Emperor Friedrich III. the market law again.

In addition to the weekly markets, the city of Lörrach holds a large flea market with exclusively private sellers on the third Saturday of each month on the Post and Rathausplatz .

Burghof Loerrach

Burghof Loerrach with Bruce Nauman's sculpture Truncated Pyramid Room (left)

On November 6, 1998, after two years of construction, the Burghof Lörrach replaced the old town hall in its function and opened it as a new culture and event center. The name Burghof reminds us that the building was built on a historical site. This is where Lörrach Castle , which was destroyed in 1638, stood . This was a small moated castle , roughly comparable to the Stettemer Schlössli or the moated Inzlingen castle .

South view of the courtyard

The design by Basel architects Katharina Steib and Wilfrid Steib looks like a tall and narrow ship and is a construction made of concrete, reddish clinker stone, steel and glass. The courtyard measures 87 meters in length, 30 meters in maximum width and 19 meters in height. The large and small hall, the gallery and the side gallery offer up to 885 seats. The arrangement of the chairs can be changed depending on the event; they can also be removed completely. The courtyard is used multifunctionally for conferences, theater, concert and cultural events of all kinds. The Lörrach information center is located in the courtyard.

On the square in front of the castle courtyard, directly at the entrance, stands the metal sculpture Truncated Pyramid Room by Bruce Nauman in the form of an open, accessible truncated pyramid , which is 11.40 meters in base length and 7.50 meters in vertical height . The reinforced concrete figure, painted with black bitumen , is illuminated from the inside with yellow spotlights in the evening. This space-light sculpture by Nauman only existed as a model from a group of works that was created in 1982 and is his first publicly exhibited work in Europe.

Museums

Oven doors at the entrance to the Dreiländermuseum

The former tobacco factory was rebuilt in 1759 as an educational facility. In the Baroque building at the Basel road seemed Johann Peter Hebel as a teacher. The school was later renamed the Hebelgymnasium, before being converted into today's three-country museum after extensive renovations in 1978 . Collections that are over 100 years old include medieval wood sculptures and a tin optic. There are exhibitions on various topics such as the Rheinaue natural areas, hill and mountain landscape, geological history and the risk of earthquakes, settlement history from the Stone Age to the Alemanni . The exhibits include over 50,000 objects. The museum also houses a scientific reference library with over 10,000 books and magazines, including around 1,000 particularly valuable books from the 16th century. In addition to regularly changing special exhibitions, a permanent exhibition was set up showing the past and present of the three-country region of Germany, France and Switzerland.

On the Bühl hill in the Brombach district , the foundation walls of a Roman Villa Rustica from the second century were excavated and restored in 1981 .

The Sculptor Rudolf Scheurer Foundation, located in the Brombach district, is housed in a twelve meter high sculpture tower; this is used as the artist's exhibition space. Sculptures, reliefs and graphics from the 40 years of activity of the sculptor Rudolf Scheurer are shown .

Since May 5, 2009, an art museum has been exhibiting around 2500 works by the Loerrach painter Paul Ibenthaler in two annual exhibitions.

Rötteln Castle

A sweeping view of Lörrach, the surrounding communities and the city of Basel can be obtained from Rötteln Castle, the city's landmark and one of the largest castles in southern Baden. The castle was first mentioned in a document in 1259; the oldest parts of the castle probably go back to the beginning of the 11th century. Until 1678, what was most recently a fortress-like complex served as the administrative seat for the Upper Margraviate ( Oberland , part of Baden-Durlach). After the destruction, the offices were relocated to the valley settlement of Lörrach, Rötteln was not rebuilt and fell into a romantic ruin - with temporary use as a quarry. Johann Peter Hebel immortalized the castle in this state in his poems. In the 20th century, the building was secured or partially reconstructed by private initiative. The elongated castle complex has two towers that can be climbed. The inside of the castle can be viewed from mid-March to the end of October.

West side of Rötteln Castle : Upper castle and outer castle with the remains of the defensive wall.

Castles and churches

The in Lörracher district Stetten location Stetten castle is the only secular building from the 17th century, the style of the Renaissance belongs. The former mansion with the striking stair tower has late Gothic building elements.

Interior of the city church
Church tower of the town church and the courtyard side of the Dreiländermuseum
St. Peter

The first mention of the Brombach Castle comes from the year 1294. The small castle, owned by Matthias Reich von Reichenstein , was considered impregnable with its two meter thick foundation walls. The Basel earthquake destroyed the structure, which was restored. French troops completely destroyed Brombach Castle from 1676 to 1678, but in 1880 it was rebuilt by the industrialist Großmann. There is a small park around the castle.

Numerous churches of both denominations are located in Lörrach. The nave of the Protestant town church south of the old market square was built from 1815 to 1817 according to the plans of Weinbrenner's pupil Wilhelm Frommel in the classical style. That included the uplifting podium. The church tower dates from 1514. It stands out for its unadorned portals and wall slits. The saddle roof of the church tower was replaced in 1817 by a tapered tent roof with a golden ball and cross. In 1556 the church was the place from which the Reformation in the margraviate of Baden-Durlach was introduced through a sermon by the Basel priest U. Koch . The cemetery was once around the church.

The Evangelical Christ Church was built in 1956. In 1975 an evangelical community center was built on Suttermattstrasse.

The main Catholic church in Lörrach is St. Bonifatius , built between 1864 and 1867 . On July 15, 2007, it was severely damaged in a major fire and rebuilt in the following years. One of the youngest churches in Lörrach is the Curate Church of St. Peter by the architect Rudolf Dietsche in the north of the city on the edge of the Grüttpark . The church, which belongs to the Catholic community, stands on a 6 meter high plateau. The tower on the north side is connected to a cylindrical low-rise building. What is striking is that the reinforced concrete structure tapers the flat roof towards the 42 meter high tower. This remarkable building was built between 1962 and 1964 on the edge of the Grüttpark and can be seen from afar. A 220 m² glass wall, designed by the artist Wilfrid Perraudin (1912–2006), shows a cycle of images with motifs from the New Testament and about the church patron Peter. In the year of implementation in 1963, this was the largest concrete light wall in the world.

The Catholic Fridolinskirche in Stetten (1821 to 1822) is an outstanding example of classicist church architecture in the south-west of Germany. It was built according to plans by Christoph Arnold . The front facade is framed by two rather simple church towers. The parish church of the Holy Family, built in 1965/66 according to the plans of the architect Wilhelm Frank in the Neumatt district in the west of Stetten , also belongs to the community .

The Röttel church was first mentioned in a document in 751. Margrave Rudolf III. had the church rebuilt. His tomb and that of his wife Anna are kept in the Röttler Church. Her grave is in a beautiful vaulted chapel behind the choir. The current church dates from 1401. The Röttler church and the Rötteln castle are illuminated in the evening.

The Protestant St-Germanus Church in Brombach was built around 1903/1904 in the neo-Gothic style and has space for more than 800 people. The tower dates from the 13th / 14th centuries. Century. Parts of the choir are dated to 1479. The big bell from 1595 was cast by Sebaldt Hofmann from Basel. The St. Josefs Church in Brombach was built in 1899/1900.

The Protestant Church of St. Nikolaus in Hauingen was first mentioned in 1102. The current church was built in 1768, the tower has older parts from 1469.

Other structures

Skyscraper on Chesterplatz

The building in Weinbrennerstraße, which was used as a police headquarters until the end of 2013, now as a detective office, was built in several stages from 1719 to 1727 as a salt store with a fruit store and a wine cellar. The sweeping, representative wing building in the baroque style has a large hipped roof with flat protruding skylights. The large arched portal can be reached via a wide, curved staircase.

The town hall in Lörrach is nicknamed "Langer Egon" after the former mayor Egon Hugenschmidt , during whose time in office it was built. The eye-catching 17-storey skyscraper is located near the Lörrach train station, in which the administration and the seat of the mayor are located. The dark green building was completed after four years of construction for 23.7 million marks in 1976 and is the tallest skyscraper in the city at 72 meters .

The building of the Lörrach Youth Hostel is architecturally idiosyncratic . The building is located on Steinenweg between the Stetten district and the Salzert settlement, right on the edge of the forest. From the exposed location of the building you have a good view of Basel and the surrounding villages. The youth hostel was inaugurated on April 26, 1982 by the then Federal President Professor Karl Carstens .

On the grounds of a former track and field sports field which was commissioned housing Loerrach 1990 to 1994 in the northern city of Lörrach by the architects Wilhelm + Partners , the residential complex "Stadium" built. The complex architectural structure of the facility consists of oval units and eight free-standing buildings inside. The eight buildings are spread over two squares, which are enclosed by a 400-meter running ring. The residential complex contains a total of 220 residential units.

Since spring 2005, a 41-meter-high residential building on Chesterplatz in the city center has shaped the cityscape. The Galleria Mendini commercial building , a project by the Italian architect Alessandro Mendini, is also located on Chesterplatz . The facade facing the square is striking because of its striking color scheme. Since the 2000s, the city has tried to meet the housing shortage with energy-saving buildings. In 2002, Lörrach was the first German municipality to be awarded the Swiss energy label “ Energiestadt ” and in the following years it also won the European Energy Award several times . An outstanding project for this is the Niederfeldplatz residential area built between 2010 and 2013 . It is the first CO 2 -neutral residential complex in Germany.

Parks and exhibition site

There are around 10,000 urban trees in Lörrach. The main tree species with 20% is maple , followed by linden and plane tree with 7% each, hornbeam with 6%, ash with 4% and oak and birch with 3% each.

Animal enclosure in Rosenfels Park

In the south of Lörrach, west of the Hünerberg, lies the approximately 2.4 hectare Rosenfels Park at the foot of the Villa Rosenfels (built in 1876). In this Lörrach park, the second largest in terms of area, which originally belonged to the Koechlin family estate and has only been open to the public since 1925, there is a small zoo and a concert shell from 1965. Next to the old market square, the concert shell serves as a venue for the voices festival .

Villa Aichele

In the city center there is the 0.5 hectare Hebelpark, renovated in 2016, with a larger than life statue of the Alemannic local poet Johann Peter Hebel and the 1.5 hectare park at Villa Aichele. The building of the Villa Aichele dates from 1861 and, with its baroque base, is to be assigned to the neo-baroque . It served the Swiss textile manufacturer Nicolas Koechlin as a residence. Koechlin's heirs sold the villa in 1901 to Maria Aichele - Albert Aichele's mother - after whom the villa was named. After the Second World War , ownership passed to the city. Nowadays, cultural events such as readings, vernissages or civil weddings take place regularly in the Villa Aichele .

Grüttpark

The Grütt Landscape Park was created on the occasion of the State Horticultural Show in 1983 . The name Grütt is derived from the word rütten , which means something like clearing. This largest green area in Lörrach with 51 hectares has a small lake (Grütt-See) and a brook that runs through the whole park. There is a rose garden along the promenade.

The regional leisure and exhibition center with a total gross area of ​​23,000 square meters is located on the northern edge of the park. There are two permanent halls with a total of 7,200 square meters of exhibition space and eleven additional halls in lightweight construction that are temporarily being set up and dismantled. In addition, special shows are held on an open-air site. The exhibition grounds received a new exhibition car park in 2005 in order to upgrade the exhibition site. The Haagen (Baden) station on the Wiesentalbahn was given the name Lörrach-Haagen / Messe .

Sport in Loerrach

The city of Lörrach has a total of 60 sports clubs , including several gymnastics clubs, tennis clubs, ski clubs, shooting clubs and football clubs. The gymnastics and sports club Lörrach-Stetten was the starting point for both Ottmar Hitzfeld and Sebastian Deisler's football career and was particularly successful in the South Baden Association League in the 1980s .

The strongest club with 1000 members is the TSV Rot-Weiß Lörrach , which is broadly positioned with eleven sports and can show both national and national successes. Like FV Lörrach, TSV has its home base at the Grüttpark Stadium .

The weightlifting club KSV Lörrach 1902, which took part in the 2nd Bundesliga in 1980/81 and 1989/90, is a specialty. Well-known athletes of the club are Monique Ludwigs (née Riesterer) and Jörg Mazur, who most recently competed for the first division club SV Germania Obrigheim.

FV Lörrach, founded in 1902, deserves special mention among the football clubs. Ottmar Hitzfeld and Sebastian Deisler played soccer in this amateur club in the early years of their careers. For the centenary of FV Lörrach on July 12, 2002 in the Loerrach Grüttpark Stadium, FC Bayern Munich played against the Loerrach football club and won 9-1. This game came about due to the contacts of the then Bayern coach Hitzfeld and was his thank you to the football club of his youth days. Previously, he had also invited Borussia Dortmund, whom he had coached in the 1990s, to a friendly in Loerrach. In 2011 the FV Lörrach merged with the FV Brombach, a club from the Brombach district of Lörrach , and has since played under the name FV Lörrach Brombach in the Association League South Baden.

In 2000, the 87th Tour de France passed through Lörrach, which was accompanied by thousands of enthusiastic fans on the roadside. The 18th stage from Lausanne to Freiburg im Breisgau led through downtown Lörrach up to the Lucke , a small pass in the direction of Kandern .

The Regio-Tour , which took place annually from 1985 to 2012, was an international stage race in the three-country region and often led through the district of Lörrach.

The Deutschlandlauf takes place from mid to late September . This ultra marathon , which starts in Cape Arkona on the island of Rügen , ends after 17 daily stages and around 1200 kilometers in downtown Lörrach. The winner of the 2006 race was the Finn Janne Kankaansyrja with a total time of 110 hours and 6 minutes. A total of 21 men and four women successfully completed this run.

Carnival

The first origins of the Lörracher Fasnacht can no longer be reconstructed. The first secure evidence for this is a written mention from 1620. This concept sheet served as a template for a document from the files of the Rötteln Oberamt . It contains rules of conduct for the population during the pre-fasting period. For example, dances are allowed to a certain extent, but “mumming” (disguises) are prohibited. However, this document does not contain any detailed descriptions of the festival itself. It was not until the 19th century that documents for Carnival were available, so that no continuous tradition can be established. The Reformation pushed back the carnival hustle and bustle and the minor importance of Lörrach in the 17th and 18th centuries prevented a strong carnival tradition. It was not until industrialization , the economic upswing and the noticeably increasing number of the population offered new conditions for the creation of a Lörrach carnival.

Carnival performance in Lörrach 1910

The first visually documented mask parade took place in Lörrach on February 11, 1866. These early years, however, were largely unorganized. From 1895 to 1907 there was no mask parade, only masked balls. The foundation stone of today's Lörracher Fasnacht was laid in the mid-1930s. The newly created style is based on the Swabian-Alemannic Carnival , but initially also contains elements from the Rhineland. In 1936 the first independent Lörracher Fasnacht takes place. The Lörrach fools ' guild as well as some cliques and the Lörrach fools' guild were founded this year. In the following years the elements of the Rhenish Carnival declined and in addition to the Swabian-Alemannic tradition, influences of the Basel Carnival in the form of the figure Waggis and the so-called Guggenmusik established themselves . The local painter Adolf Glattacker , who himself was an active carnival fanatic, made a decisive contribution to shaping the posters and emblems of the fools' guilds.

In addition to the parades, the carnival fire is an integral part of the carnival tradition. These traditionally take place on the Saturday or Sunday after Shrove Monday and are demonstrably one of the oldest components of Carnival customs. For this purpose, piles of wood several meters high are piled up and set on fire. A doll is sometimes attached to the top of the pile of wood, symbolizing the evil spirits. Participants of the carnival fire hurl burning throwing discs ( target slapping ) into the valleys. Each district of Loerrach organizes its own carnival fire. B. on the Tüllinger Berg, on the Hünerberg or on the Maienbühl in Stetten.

Hauinger Farmer's Carnival 2014

The Lörracher Fasnacht is based on the so-called " Herrenfasnacht ". Other parts of the city, such as Hauingen, are based on the “ Farmer's Carnival ”. Here the carnival time only begins when the fasting time has started elsewhere . The different points in time stem from the reorganization by the Synod of Benevento in 1091, in which Lent was moved forward by one week.

Despite the comparatively short carnival tradition, Lörrach is considered a carnival stronghold in Baden-Württemberg due to the activities of the last 70 years. The fool's guild Lörrach 1936 e. V. draws today for the street carnival, the Narrenzunft Lörrach 1936 e. V. responsible for the guild evenings. In 2007, 150 carnival enthusiasts from Lörrach took part in the Steuben Parade in New York City .

Regular events

Stage of the Voices Festival
time event
Saturday or Sunday after Carnival various carnival events, including the so-called carnival fire in various districts of Lörrach
spring Regio-Messe Lörrach, annual consumer fair
June Wine village on the old market square
July Voices Festival , annual outdoor concerts
end of July Schlossbergfest in Haagen
July August Burgfestspiele Rötteln on the castle Rötteln
summer Lörracher Stadtlauf , annual running event held in the city center
First weekend in September Stroosefescht in Alt-Stetten, a street festival that has been taking place since 1974 and is also the largest in Lörrach
end of September Castle moat festival in Brombach
Thursday before the second Sunday in Advent Christmas market Lörrach, on the old market square and Tumringerstrasse

Personalities

Politics and City History

Markus Pflüger

Markus Pflüger , who was born in Lörrach, was a German revolutionary and politician who paved the way for the Baden revolutionary Gustav Struve . Pflüger was captain of the 1st  ensign of the people's armed forces and thus significantly paved the way for Struve's initial success of the republican uprising in Loerrach during the March Revolution . Later, Pflüger (1858–1903) was a member of the Lörrach municipal council.

Walther Bringolf , born in Lörrach in 1895, was a Swiss politician and president of the Social Democratic Party from 1953 to 1962 . In 1961 he was President of the Swiss National Council .

Friedrich Vortisch , born in Lörrach in 1899, was a lawyer and politician of the FDP / DVP. In 1946/47 he was a member of the Advisory State Assembly of Baden and was then elected to the Baden State Parliament, of which he was a member until 1952. From 1952 to 1960 he was a member of the Baden-Württemberg state parliament.

Rainer Offergeld , born in 1937, was Lord Mayor of the city of Lörrach from 1984 to 1995. Before that, Offergeld held several political functions at federal level in the 1970s, including being Federal Minister for Economic Cooperation from 1978 to 1982 .

From 1990 to 2009, the politician Marion Caspers-Merk represented the constituency of Lörrach-Müllheim as a member of the German Bundestag . From May 2011 to May 2016, the SPD politician Rainer Stickelberger , who was born in Lörrach, was State Minister of Justice in the Kretschmann I cabinet .

Science and religion

Gustav from Hugo

Gustav von Hugo was born in Lörrach in 1764 . The lawyer, who did his doctorate at the University of Halle , became a full professor at the University of Göttingen . He is considered a pioneer and co-founder of the historical school of law . In addition to his legal contributions, his correspondence with the Brothers Grimm , with whom he maintained a friendly relationship, is also preserved.

Nelly Naumann was born in Lörrach in 1922 and was a German Japanologist . Her treatises for Japanese studies are considered important, especially her analysis of the Japanese myths in connection with Shintoism .

In 1961, the physicist Roland Wiesendanger was born in neighboring Basel. He grew up in Lörrach and attended the Hans-Thoma-Gymnasium from 1972 to 1981, where he passed his Abitur. Wiesendanger conducts research in the field of scanning tunneling microscopy .

The German mathematician and university professor Joachim Escher was born in Lörrach in 1962 . He currently holds a professorship at the Leibniz University of Hanover and the vice-presidency for appointment matters, personnel development and academic training.

From 1967 to 1969 Ernst Kern was chief physician in the surgical department of the municipal hospital in Lörrach before becoming professor of surgery in Würzburg . His neighbor in Lörrach was the professor emeritus and surgeon Rudolf Nissen .

Arts and Culture

Johann Peter Hebel monument in the Hebel Park in front of the Hebelschule in Loerrach.  Sculptor by Wilhelm Gerstel (1879–1963).  Made in the Hans Clement foundry in Munich
Monument in the Hebel Park in front of the Hebelschule

One of the most important personalities associated with Lörrach is the local poet, theologian and educator Johann Peter Hebel . Lever's place of birth is generally given - also by himself - as Basel; However, there are some weak indications that he could also have been born in Hauingen, which is now part of Lörrach. Regardless of the place of birth, Hebel is omnipresent in Lörrach. Various streets, squares and schools remind of him. From 1783 to 1791 he was a teacher at the so-called pedagogy in Lörrach.

Friedrich Kaiser was born in Lörrach in 1815 and was a German history and battle painter and lithographer . The well-known depiction of the entry of the irregulars in Lörrach of the Struve uprising in the course of the March Revolution comes from Kaiser .

Max Laeuger was born in Lörrach in 1864 . The visual artist was professor for figure drawing and decoration at the Technical University in Karlsruhe from 1904 to 1934 . Later he also taught architecture there. Laeuger was a founding member of the Deutscher Werkbund and exhibited his ceramics at world exhibitions ; He created significant sights in the field of garden art and built z. B. for his Lörracher “foster brother”, the founder of the Küchlintheater in Basel and art patron Karl Küchlin .

In 1870 the painter and graphic artist Hermann Daur was born in the then independent municipality of Stetten . Daur attended grammar school in Lörrach and studied at the arts and crafts school in Karlsruhe. In 1906 he moved to Ötlingen and lived there as a freelance painter. His artistic estate can be viewed in the Dreiländermuseum.

The painter and draftsman Adolf Glattacker , born in Wehr in 1878, is considered one of the most important local painters of the Markgräflerland . Glattacker created numerous illustrations for Leebel's works and most recently lived in the Tüllingen district of Lörrach . Glattacker's contemporary and friend was the poet and painter Hermann Burte, born in 1879 . Burtes work is controversial, as he quickly became an advocate of ethnic ideology and was ultimately an avid supporter of National Socialism . From 1924 to 1932, Burte contributed to the weakening of the Weimar Republic and its institutions as co-editor and key contributor to the bi - weekly German-national- folk magazine Der Markgräfler in Lörrach . Lörrach's honorary citizenship, which was granted to Burte in 1939, and the refusal to revoke it posthumously is still controversial today.

Harald Hauser (1912–1994) was a writer who is known as a writer of novels, children's books, plays, television scripts, and radio features. The well-known Swiss writer Ruth Schweikert was born in Lörrach in 1965. However, she grew up in Aarau .

Born in Lörrach, Heinz Zuber (* 1941) has been a permanent member of the Vienna Burgtheater for 30 years . Zuber can not only be seen in numerous theater performances, but also in television programs such as the crime scene , where he played Inspector Schulz.

The jazz bassist and music journalist Martin Kunzler was born in Lörrach in 1947. He is known for his rororo jazz lexicon, published by Rowohlt Verlag , which is currently the standard German-language work for this genre. The Lörrach physicist Hans Deyssenroth (* 1937) is active as a jazz pianist on the Swiss scene; he is one of the pioneers of computer jazz.

The two cabaret artists Volkmar Staub (* 1952) and Florian Schroeder (* 1979) were born and raised in Lörrach .

Sport and Society

The first Federal President, Theodor Heuss, felt closely connected to Lörrach and “already mentally incorporated” . Since 1946, his only son, Ernst Ludwig Heuss , director of WybertGmbH (now the GABA Group ), lived in the Tumringen district with his family. This is why Theodor Heuss often spent his Christmas holidays in Lörrach. In memory of the popular and popular Federal President, the secondary school in Lörrach and a central street in Tumringen were named after Theodor Heuss.

Theodor Binder
Ottmar Hitzfeld

The doctor Theodor Binder was born in Lörrach in 1919. Binder, who studied medicine, philosophy and ethnology in Freiburg im Breisgau, Strasbourg and Basel, was strongly humanistic and cultivated, for example, friendship with Albert Schweitzer and the philosophers Ludwig Klages and Martin Heidegger . During the Second World War he joined the resistance fighter Carl Friedrich Goerdeler . In 1948, Binder emigrated to Peru, where he - like Albert Schweitzer in Africa - worked as a doctor in the Amazon region. In 1975 he and Mother Teresa received the Albert Schweitzer Prize for their work . At the end of the 1980s he returned to Germany and opened a practice for biological medicine in Lörrach in 1988. Binder founded the organization for Indian aid and tropical forest protection.

In 1943 Willi Eichin was born in the Haagen district; the artistic cyclist became two-time world champion in single-art cycling. He died in his hometown in 2002. Ottmar Hitzfeld , born in Lörrach in 1949, is a former coach of the Swiss national soccer team and soccer player. In his playing and coaching career, he was four times Swiss and seven times German soccer champion and won various other titles. In 1997 and 2001, Hitzfeld was named “World Trainer of the Year”. Monique Ludwigs (born Monique Riesterer), who was born in Rheinfelden in 1971 and grew up in Lörrach, is a former German weightlifter. She was eleven times German weightlifting champion and won several bronze, silver medals and a gold medal at European championships. The former soccer player Sebastian Deisler was born in Lörrach in 1980; here his career as a footballer began, where he played for two clubs. Deisler was a member of FC Bayern Munich for five years and was involved in 36 games for the German national team . The soccer player Melanie Behringer was born in 1985 in Lörrach. The midfielder played for SC Freiburg from 2003 to 2008 , then moved to FC Bayern Munich and has been a member of the women's national team since 2005 , with which she became world champion in 2007. Gabi Roth , born in Brombach (born Lippe, * 1967), is a former German athlete and Olympic participant who won the silver medal in the 4 x 100 meter relay at the 1990 European Championships and was German champion in the 100 meter hurdles in 1990 was. The junior world champion in handball Matthias Baur was born in Lörrach in 1988.

The Swiss television presenter and meteorologist Jörg Kachelmann was born in Lörrach in 1958. However, he grew up in Schaffhausen .

Honorary citizen

The city of Lörrach has so far granted honorary citizenship to 24 citizens and one female citizen , the first time in 1818. The most famous personalities are the former Lord Mayor Egon Hugenschmidt , the architect and artist Max Laeuger and the poet and painter Hermann Burte . Since Burte was a staunch National Socialist and an advocate of the ideology of the Hitler regime , there were repeated efforts to withdraw this award posthumously. This has not happened to this day. Because of Burtes existing honorary citizenship, Theodor Heuss rejected the honorary citizenship of Lörrach.

literature

  • Otto Wittmann et al., City of Lörrach (Hrsg.): Lörrach: Landscape - History - Culture . Verlag Stadt Lörrach, Lörrach 1983, ISBN 3-9800841-0-8 .
  • Gerhard Moehring : A short history of the city of Loerrach . DRW-Verlag Weinbrenner, Leinfelden-Echterdingen 2006, ISBN 3-7650-8347-X .
  • Rolf Frei: Loerrach. A city in motion . Creavis-Verlag, Basel 2001, ISBN 3-9520698-7-6 .
  • Wolfgang Göckel et al., City of Lörrach (Ed.): Burghof Lörrach. The House. The program. The prehistory . Waldemar Lutz Verlag, Lörrach 1999, ISBN 3-922107-46-X .
  • Gerhard Speigler, Dieter K. Tscheulin: Loerrach. The 'golden' 50s . 2nd ext. Edition, Wartberg-Verlag, Gudensberg-Gleichen 2004, ISBN 3-8313-1403-9 .

Movies

  • A love in Germany , drama, Germany, 1983, 132 min., Director: Andrzej Wajda
  • Go there . Lörrach: a city in the triangle of three countries. Documentation, 30 min., Production: SWR , first broadcast: May 8, 2007, summary of the SWR
  • The interrogation of Harry Wind , drama, Switzerland / Germany, 2008, director: Pascal Verdosci.

See also

Web links

Commons : Lörrach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Lörrach  - travel guide
 Wikinews: Category: Loerrach  - in the news
Wiktionary: Lörrach  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

References and comments

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  128. The interrogation of Harry Wind in the Internet Movie Database (English)
This article was added to the list of excellent articles on January 30, 2008 in this version .