St. Chrischona
| St. Chrischona | ||
|---|---|---|
 Church of St. Chrischona |
||
| height | 522 m above sea level M. | |
| location | near Bettingen ; Canton of Basel-Stadt ( Switzerland ); on the border with the district of Lörrach , Baden-Württemberg ( Germany ) | |
| Mountains | Dinkelberg | |
| Dominance | 4.1 km → Hirzenleck | |
| Notch height | 28 m ↓ On the Lugen | |
| Coordinates | 618.21 thousand / 269 178 | |
|
||
St. Chrischona is 522 m above sea level. M. high local mountain of the nearby city of Basel and the westernmost and third highest mountain of the Dinkelberg mountain range . It is located near Bettingen in the Swiss canton of Basel-Stadt , and the border to the Baden-Württemberg district of Lörrach and thus the border between Germany and Switzerland runs across the high elevations near the peaks in the northeast, east and south .
The St. Chrischona TV tower , which is 250.57 m high and can be seen from afar, stands on the mountain .
geography
location
St. Chrischona rises with a peak in the area of the municipality of Bettingen (Switzerland), whose core town extends west of the mountain. The municipality of Inzlingen extends to its northeastern highlands and that of Grenzach-Wyhlen (both in Germany) to the east and south . The summit is at the church of the Bettinger settlement of St. Chrischona.
The Ruschbach (Rustel) , which flows into the Rhine near Grenzach-Wyhlen, rises on the southern slope of the mountain ; to the north, the Aubach (Mühlebach) flows past through Inzlingen and the Swiss Riehen , a tributary of the New Pond, which strives towards the meadow .
geography
The mountain St. Chrischona belongs to the natural spatial main unit group Hochrheingebiet ( Upper Rhine Valley ; No. 16), in the main unit Dinkelberg (161) to the natural area Western Dinkelbergplateau (161.00). The landscape drops to the south, west and north-west into the natural area Dinkelberg Südabhang (161.03). When visibility is good, the view from the summit region of St. Chrischona falls into the Upper Rhine Plain with the agglomeration of Basel to the west, to the south to the Jura and to the south to southeast to the Alps ; the alpine panorama ranges from the Jungfrau to the Säntis .
history
St. Chrischona was a place of pilgrimage in the Middle Ages until the Reformation . The first church was built around 700 and in 9/10. Century expanded. The current church building was built in the 15th century (west tower 1450–1460) and the beginning of the 16th century (choir 1503–1509, nave 1513–1516). During the Thirty Years War the church was desecrated and looted by Swedish troops. The church was increasingly neglected and even used as a stable in 1818. In 1839 Christian Friedrich Spittler received permission to renovate the church, in whose sacristy the St. Chrischona pilgrimage mission was founded in 1840 and which still exists here today.
As part of the Tour de Suisse 1990 , St. Chrischona was the destination of the 162-kilometer stage that started in Aarau . The Belgian Luc Roosen won the stage with a mountain finish in 4 hours 18 minutes and 47 seconds.
Legend of St. Chrischona
According to a differently handed down legend, St. Chrischona (Latin Christiana or Cristina ) goes back to three sisters , Chrischona, Margaretha and Odilia, each of whom built a church on one of the three hills in the vicinity of Basel, within sight of the other. From St. Chrischona the churches of St. Ottilien in the German town of Tüllingen and St. Margarethen in Binningen can be seen. The oldest tradition goes back to the Legenda aurea and names Chrischona a companion of Ursula of Cologne ; on the return of Ursula's pilgrimage from Rome, Chrischona (together with Margaretha and Odilia) is said to have refused to suffer the ordained martyrdom with Ursula, whereupon they were chased out of the city and settled as hermits.
Chrischona names a less shameful variant on the one hand as the only survivor among Ursula's martyrs who fled along the Rhine to Basel, on the other hand as a sick companion who broke off her return journey in Basel. Both versions tell of Chrischona's death from exhaustion near Grenzach . Farmers found them and put them on an ox cart, whereupon the oxen set off on their own in the direction of Dinkelberg and stopped on the hill. The church is said to have been built on the same spot in her memory.
On June 17, 1506, Cardinal Raimund Peraudi carried out the translation and elevation of her bones. Her feast day is June 16. A version published in 1647 by the church historian Hermann Crombach mixed the three virgins from the Eichsler legend with Chrischona, which is due to the simultaneous canonization of all four virgins by Peraudi.
reception
The poet Sebastian Brant published a poem in his Varia Carmina (1494/98) based on the legend variant of Chrischona, who died of exhaustion.
The poet Johann Peter Hebel mentioned the Chrischonahügel in his poem Die Marktweiber in der Stadt .
In Bettiger song by Arnold Pauli (from the Bettinger Festival 1963, Text: Eduard Wirz) is dedicated to the Chrischonahügel a verse.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Geoserver of the Swiss Federal Administration ( information )
- ↑ Günther Reichelt: Geographical land survey: The natural spatial units on sheet 185 Freiburg i. Br. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1964. → Online map (PDF; 3.7 MB)
- ↑ Statistics document 2017 of the Tour de Suisse (PDF), p. 157, accessed on November 8, 2019
- ↑ Eleven thousand minus three virgins. (No longer available online.) Baselinsider.ch, May 4, 2012, archived from the original on January 4, 2014 ; accessed on May 21, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ St. Chrischona on the Dinkelberg. altbasel.ch, August 1, 2006, accessed on February 25, 2019 .
- ^ Fritz Largiadèr: St. Chrischona. In: Heimatschutz , vol. 39 (1944), issue 2, p. 73.
literature
- François Maurer-Kuhn: St. Chrischona near Basel. Former pilgrimage church above Bettingen . Basel 1978.
Web links
- St. Chrischona on the Dinkelberg , on altbasel.ch